初中英语语法全解——形容词（共20张PPT）

(共20张PPT)
初中英语语法全解—形容词
一、形容词概述
形容词是用来修饰名词或部分代词，说明人或事物的性质、状态或特征的词。
二、形容词的句法功能
1.作定语
形容词作定语，用来修饰名词或代词。
We are good friends.
It’s a good car, but I’m looking for something newer.
2.作表语
形容词置于连系动词之后作表语。
You look pretty with your hair down.
It’s easy for me.
3.作宾语补足语
形容词放在宾语之后作宾语补足语。
I like my job because I want to make sick people better.
I find them very useful.
4.作状语
形容词作状语，常用来说明主语的情况。
The girl went to school, cold and hungry.
5.作主语或宾语
“the+形容词”表示一类人或物，可以用作主语或宾语。
The rich should help the poor.
No one knows this better than the young.
三、形容词的位置
1. 位于名词前
形容词修饰名词作定语，一般置于名词之前。
We went to a beautiful beach.
2. 形容词后置的情况
（1）形容词修饰复合不定代词something, anything, someone, everyone以及复合不定副词somewhere等时，形容词要后置。
We can find something good for him.
（2）形容词与数量词连用作定语时，形容词要后置。
The room is four meters long and three meters wide.
（3）形容词短语作定语时，要后置。
This is a lake famous for its scenery.
（4）表于形容词alive, asleep, awake等有时也可以作定语，作定语时要后置。
She was the only person awake that night.
3.多个形容词的排列顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时，通常的顺序为：限定词（these, those...）+数量词（two...）+描绘性形容词（大小，长短，高矮，形状，新旧，颜色）+出处+材料+类别、用途+名词。平时在学习中要多积累、多体会，以增强语感。
She has beautiful long black hair.
四、形容词的比较等级
1.形容词比较级和最高级的构成
（1）规则变化
（2）不规则变化
2.形容词比较等级的用法
（1）原级比较
①表示双方程度相同时，用“as+形容词原级+as”表示。
I think David should be the new chairperson because he’s just as smart as my uncle.
②表示双方程度不同时，用“not as/so+形容词原级+as”表示。
I think English is not as interesting as math.
（2）比较级
①两者比较时，一方高于或低于另一方，用比较级，其结构为“比较级+than”。
You carry it —— you’re stronger than I am.
②比较级前可以用much, even, far, a lot, a little, still等来修饰，以加强语气。
My schoolbag is much heavier than hers.
（3）最高级
表示三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较，用最高级。形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，后面可带of/in短语来说明比较的范围。其结构为“the+最高级+of/in...”
What’s the best movie theater
（4）比较级的特殊用法
①表示“越来越......”，用“比较级+and+比较级”。
Your English is getting better and better.
②表示“越......，越......”，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”。
The harder you work, the more you will get.
④表示“两者中比较...的”，用“the+比较级+of the two”。
This apple is the bigger of the two.
⑤比较级前用“数词+名词”表示确定的度量。
Tom is two years older than I/me.
（5）最高级的特殊用法
①表示“最......之一”，用“one of the+最高级+复数名词”。
He has been working hard and is now one of the best students in his class.
②最高级前加序数词表示“第几.......的”。
He is the second tallest boy in our class.
（6）比较等级的转换
①原级比较中的“not as/so...as...”可以转换为“比较级+than...”。
Jim is not as tall as Jack.= Jack is taller than Jim.
②比较级可以表示最高级的意义。
a.比较级+than any other+名词单数
Tom is the tallest in his class.= Tom is taller than any other student in his class.
b.比较级+any of the other+名词复数
Tom is the tallest in his class.= Tom is taller than any of the other students in his class.
c.比较级+than+anyone else
Tom is the tallest in his class.= Tom is taller than anyone else in his class.