中考英语语法大全——冠词（共22张PPT）

(共22张PPT)
1. 冠词的定义
冠词使用在名词之前，帮助说明该名词含义的一种虚词。它不能脱离名词而单独存在，也不能单独做句子成分。
2. 冠词的分类
冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有a和an，定冠词是the。
不定冠词的用法
a用在辅音开头的单词前；an用在元音开头的单词前。
①这里的元音和辅音指的是音素，不是指字母。如：a university 一所大学；an honest man 一个诚实的人。
②有些以元音字母开头的单词，其发音确实辅音，前面的冠词要用a。常考单词有：
a useful book 一本有用的书
a university professor 一位大学教授
a European 一个欧洲人
a one-eyed horse 一匹独眼的马
a uniform 一套制服
③有些以辅音字母开头的单词，其发音却是元音，前面的冠词要用an。常考单词有：an hour 一个小时；an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩；an“f”一个f字母；an “l”（m，n，s，x）一个l（m，n，s，x）字母。
①表示某类人或物中的任意一个。
My brother has a football, but I don’t.
Have you seen a doctor about it yet
②表示一类人或物，此时a/an可不译成中文。
This is an English book. I think it is Li Lei’s.
③表示第一次提到的人或物。
A horse is a very useful animal.
④表示某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。
A girl is waiting for you.
A dictionary can help us to study English.
⑤表示数量有“一”的意思，但没有one强烈。
Please give me a pen.
⑥表示单位量词，意为“每一”，相当于every。
I get paid once a month.
The other ten percent use it at least three or four times a week.
⑦用在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。
Let me try a third time.
⑧用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一阵、一份、一类、一场”等。
There was a very heavy rain last night.
It is a pleasure to work with you.
⑨用于专有名词前，表示“一个、一种、一类”等。
I met a John Smith at a friend’s house.
定冠词的用法
①表示特指某些人或物。
The white model plane is hers.
Some think that the lives of the performers are made up.
②指谈话双方都知道的人或物。
Take something to read on the plane.
③表示上文提到过的人或物。
I ordered a pizza and salad. The pizza was nice but the salad was disgusting.
④表示世界独一无二的事物。
The rain stopped and the sun came out.
⑤用在序数词、形容词最高级前以及对两个人或物进行比较时起特质作用的比较级前。
The first time I flew on a plane I was really nervous.
The best supermarket is on Center Street.
⑥用在普通名词构成的专有名词前。
The Big Screen is more expensive than most cinemas.
⑦用于方位名词前。
My parents lived in a small far away village in the north.
⑧用在姓氏的复数形式前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。
The Blacks live next to us.
⑨与形容词连用，表示一类人。
We should help the blind to cross the road.
⑩用在西洋乐器前。
He wanted his children to learn the piano.
⑾用在单数名词前表示类别。
The tiger is a fierce animal.
零冠词的用法
1. 表示泛指意义的物质名词，抽象名词，专有名词前通常不用冠词。
Iron and steel plays an important role in industry.
Happiness is a direction , not a place.
China is one of the largest countries in the world.
2. 不可数名词，复数可数名词表示泛指时其前通常不用冠词。
Father went to his doctor for advice about his heart problem.
Mistakes are often the best teacher.
3. 表示季节，节日，星期几，月份等名词前通常不用冠词。
Autumn is the harvest season of the year.
On Christmas day the children often get presents from their parents.
4. 名词前已有指示代词，物主代词，不定代词或名词所有格等修饰时，不用冠词。
I like this picture better.
This is my address.Let's keep in touch.
5. 在学科，语言，三餐，棋类名词和球类运动名词前不用冠词。
We learned arithmetic at primary school.
Do you like playing basketball or rugby
6. 称呼语或表示头衔，职位的名词作表语，补足语，同位语或与姓氏连用时，其前不用冠词。
Stay where you are, girl!
Father usually mops the floor while mother usually cooks the meal.
7. by与表示交通工具的名词连用表示一种交通方式时，名词前不用冠词。
He goes to school by bike every day.
Now many people want to travel by plane.
Did you get there by bike No,I went there in a taxi.
有无冠词的意义区别