状语从句
中考考察重点：
时间状语从句
条件状语从句
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
原因状语从句
考察形式：单选、完型、完成句子等
状语从句分类
从句 连词
时间状语从句 when, while, as, whenever, till, until，before, after, as soon as, since等
地点状语从句 where，wherever, everywhere 等
条件状语从句 if, unless, as long as, in case, if only等
让步状语从句 though, although, even if/even though，whatever, however, no matter +疑问词等
原因状语从句 because, since, as, now that, seeing that，considering that, in that, given that 等
目的状语从句 that, so that(为了)，in order that等
结果状语从句 so that(因此)，so...that ..such…that..等
比较状语从句 as...as.... ,than等
*方式状语从句 as if/as though, (just)as 等
一、时间状语从句
1. 引导时间状语从句的连词
从属连词 用法 例句
While ＂与……同时，在……期间＂，从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的词注：while 有表转折含义 David rang up while you were out. 你不在的时候大卫打电话来了。I went swimming while the others played tennis.我去游泳，而其他人去打网球了。
When ＂当……时＂，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的动词可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词 It was raining when we arrived. 我们到达时，天正下着雨。when you read the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you. 当你再读一遍这首诗，你就会更清楚它的含义。
As ＂正当，一边……一边，随着＂，表示两个动作同时发生或某事发生时，另一个动作发生了 As time went on, his theory proved to be correct. 随着时间的推移，他的理论被证明是正确的。
Till/Until 用于肯定句时，表示＂直到……为止＂，主句必须为延续性动词；not...until/till表示＂直到……才＂，主句常用短暂性动词 We shall wait until/till he comes back. 我们将一直等到他回来。I didn’t leave until/till she finished her homework. 直到她完成作业我才离开。
Since ＂自……以来＂，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时 I have heard lots of good things about you since I came back from abroad. 自从我从国外回来，我已经听许多好的事情。
Before 在……以前 He must finish all the work before he goes home. 回家之前他必须完成所有的工作。
After 在……之后 Let’s play football after school. 放学后我们打篮球吧。
【知识拓展】时间状语从句的时态问题：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句如果使用一般将来时态，从句使用一般现在时表示将来，即所谓的＂主将从现＂。As soon as I arrive in Beijing, I will ring you up. 我一到北京就给你打电话。You’ll fall behind the others unless you study hard. 如果你不努力学习，你将会落后于其他人。
例：
1. ---Will you please tell her about the news
---Sure, I’ll tell her about it as soon as she _____ back.
A. come B. will come C. came D. comes
2.Don’t worry. Bill will help you look after your dog when you ________ away on business.
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
2. when，while，as引导时间状语从句的区别
when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。
① when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
I love history when I was at school. 我上学时喜欢历史。
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
The students took notes as they listened. 学生们边听课边做笔记。
② when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；
while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。
a. 从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。
When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest.
当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。
When I got to the airport, the guests had left.
当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。
b. 从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。
①When / While / As we were dancing, a stranger came in.
当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。
②When / While / As she was making a phone call, I was watching TV.
当她在打电话时，我正在看电视。
c. 当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示＂随着……＂ ＂一边……，一边……＂之意。
As the time went on, the weather got worse.
随着时间的过去，天气变得更糟糕了。
It will warm up a little bit on Sunday as the cold front passes.
寒流一过，星期日就会有点暖意了。
As years go by, China is getting stronger and richer.
随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。
The little boy sang as they went. 这个小男孩一边走，一边唱。
d. 在将来时的从句中，常用when，且从句要用一般时代替将来时。
You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.
在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。
When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I’ll talk with him about this.
下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。
*③ when用于表示＂一……就……＂的句型中（指过去的事情）。
sb. had hardly（＝scarcely）done sth. when. . . ＝Hardly / Scarcely had sb. done sth. when...
Hardly / Scarcely had the words been spoken when he realized that he should have remained silent.
=The words had hardly / scarcely been spoken when he realized that he should have remained silent.
这些话刚一出口，他就意识到自己应该保持沉默。
I had hardly / scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang.
＝Hardly / Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang.
我刚一走进房门，电话就响了。
3. 比较until和till
till和until同义，作＂直到……时(为止)＂解，till多用于非正式文体，until多用于句首。
肯定形式表示的意思是＂做某事直至某时＂，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是＂直至某时才做某事＂。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
否定句：I won’t go with you until (till) I finished my homework. 等我做完作业我才和你一起去。
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。
I didn’t manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。
区别：
（1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。
*（2）Not until...在句首，主句用倒装。
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.
直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。
4.before用法
（1）before＂在……之前＂。
Do it before you forget. 尽早动手，免得忘了。
I’ll be back before you have left. 你离开之前我就会回来。
（2）before＂……之后才＂。
It may be many years before we meet again. 可能要过许多年我们才能再见了。
It was three days before he came back. 他三天后才回来。
（3） before ＂尚未来得及 ＂
Before they reached the house, a new great wave came, sweeping down trees, and sweeping them down too. 他们还没到屋子，又一个巨浪打来，冲倒了树，也冲倒了他们。
（4）before ＂要……先……＂
You should be a pupil before you become a teacher. 要当老师，先作学生。
（5）before＂趁……＂
You should do it before it is too late. 趁现在还不算太晚，你应该赶快做它。
热点句型
it will（not）be＋一段时间＋before（一般式）… ＂还要过多久才……（不多久就……了）＂
It will be long before he goes abroad. 要过很久他才出国。
*注：long before ＂不久前＂, 用于一般过去时和完成时中；before long = soon/not long after ＂
例
1.Little Mary says good night to her parents________ she goes to bed every day.
A. if B. until C. before D. unless
2.Max got lost and was trapped in the forest for 10 hours _______ a farmer nearby found him.
A. if B. since C. until D. after
3.My parents gave red packets to my cousin every Spring Festival___________ she got a job, because she said she was able to make money.
A. after B. when C. until D. since
4.Swimming is, of course, interesting. But ________ we plan to go swimming, being safe must come first.
A. though B. when C. unless
5.—Excuse me. Where is the nearest hotel
—Just go down this road ________ you see a library. It’s across from it.
A. until B. because C. however D. though
6.—What do you feel ____________ you are looking through the old pictures
—How time flies!
A. because B. though C. while D. unless
7. Mary is afraid of the dog. She will run away ________she sees it.
A. although B. as soon as C. so that
8. —Emma, what do you want to be in the future
—I want to be a doctor. This has been my dream_______ I was a kid.
A. since B. when C. until D. before
CCCBA CBA
地点状语从句
1.where引导的地点状语从句
1.从属连词where表示＂在（或到）……的地方＂。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
Put it where you found it. 把它放在原来的地方。
2. where 在地点状语从句中，除指地点外，还可指处境等。
He said he was happy where he was. 他说他对自己的处境很满意。
2.wherever引导的地点状语从句
从属连词wherever意为＂在（或到）……的各个地方＂。
You can go wherever(anywhere) you like these days. 这些天你可以去你想去的地方。
Where (Everywhere) they went, the experts were warmly welcomed. 专家们每到一处，都受到热烈的欢迎。
例：
1. Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi _______ the bus had dropped her.
A. until B. when C. although D. where
【答案】D
三、目的状语从句
英语里可以用to，in order to，so as to，so that，in order that来表示目的。
1. to，in order to，so as to引导目的状语短语，构成简单句。
He has to earn lots of money in order to/to/so as to raise his family.
他赚很多钱是为了养家糊口。
2. so that，in order that引导目的状语从句，构成复合句，且从句中常与can，could，may，might等情态动词连用。
Speak clearly so that/in order to everybody can understand you. 请说清楚一点，这样每个人都能听得懂。
注意，in order that与in order to译文相同，都译作＂为了……＂，
不同之处在于：in order that+从句；in order to+动词原形。
in order that+从句构成目的状语从句，表明主句行为目的；
in order to+动词原形构成目的状语，不成从句。
I get up early in order that I can catch the early bus.
I get up early in order to catch the early bus. 为了能赶上早班车，我很早就起床了。
He works hard in order that he can obtain a higher position.
He works hard in order to obtain a higher position.为了升职，他很努力地工作。
四、目的状语从句
1. so...that...
so...that...句型中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词，意思是＂如此/这么……以至于……＂。
（1）常用句型：主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+that从句
The boy ran so fast that I couldn’t catch him.
这个男孩跑得太快了以至于我追不上他。
（2）so+形容词+ a(n)+单数名词+that从句
She made so good a meal that we all ate far too much.
她做的饭菜那么好吃，结果我们都吃得太多了。
（3）so+many/much few/little（少）+名词+that从句
当名词前有many、much、few、little（少）等词修饰时，句子中要用so...that...而不能用such...that...。
There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us.
缸里的水太少了，不够我们这些人用。
2. such...that...
在such...that...句型中，such修饰名词，意思是＂如此……以至于……＂，such...that...引导四种不同的句子结构。
（1）such+a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句
This is such a good book that all of us like it very much.
这是一本很好的书，我们大家都喜欢读它。
（2）such+形容词+复数名词+that从句
They are such good students that the teacher likes them.
他们都是很好的学生，老师喜欢他们。
（3）such+（形容词）+不可数名词+that从句
It was such fime weather yesterday that we went swimming.
昨天天气很好，我们去游泳了。
（4）one（no，any，all，many，some，several等）+such+可数名词+that从句
There are many such good books that I can’t decide which one to choose.
有这么多的好书，我无法决定选择哪一本。
3. so that
so that既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时译为＂为了＂，引导结果状语从句时可译为＂以便＂。
He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.
他努力学习功课，争取考试能获得好的成绩。
He worked hard at his lessons, so that he gained high grades in the exams.
他努力学习，结果考试取得了好成绩。
so that引导目的状语从句时，表示＂以便，为了＂，从句中常使用can，could，may，might，will，would，should等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词。
He has to earn so lots of muney so that he can buy his children nice food and clothes.
他必须赚很多钱才能给他的孩子提供好的饮食和衣服。
例：
1. The story is interesting everybody likes it very much.
A. very; that B. so; that C. such; that D. such; because
2. —I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do
—Be more active in class, ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A. so that B. unless C. or D. although
3.The movie Nezha is__________ educational ________ I want to see it again.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to
4.President Xi encourages all Chinese people to plant trees_________ our country can be greener and more beautiful.
A. so that B. as long as C. even though
5.We should protect the environment ________ we can make a better world to live in.
A so that B. even though C. as soon as
6. She read the text loudly ___________ all the students could hear her.
A. because B. since C. when D. so that
7. I advise you to go to an English corner________ you can improve your listening and speaking.
A. so that B. even though C. whether D. as soon as
BAAAA DA
五、条件状语从句
条件状语从句，即在某种条件下，一件事情可能发生。在英语中由连接词if或unless等引导的状语从句叫作条件状语从句。条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中），一件事情（主句）才能发生，通常译作＂假如，只要，如果＂等意思。条件状语从句中，主从句的时态要遵循＂主将从现＂的原则。即，主句是将来时态时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时态。
引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有：if(如果)，unless(除非)，as long as(只要)等。如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表示。如：
I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，我就待在家。
You can’t learn English well unless you work hard.
除非你努力学习，否则是学不好英语的。
1.if引导的条件状语从句
表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。
If we pay much attention to the earth, we’ll have a better world.
如果我们多关爱地球，就会拥有一个更美好的世界
If it rains tomorrow, what shall we do 如果明天下雨，我们怎么办？
If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
注意：if还可以引导虚拟条件句，表示不可实现的条件，从句中多用一般过去时或过去完成时。
What would happen if there were no water 如果没有水会怎样？
2. unless引导的条件状语从句
unless的意思是＂如果不，除非＂。可与if... not互换。
You will fail in English unless you work hard.
你英语考试会不及格的，除非你更加努力。
You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.
如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。
Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。
3. as /so long as引导的条件状语从句
as /so long as的意思是＂只要＂
So long as you’re happy, I will be happy. 只要你高兴，我就高兴。
You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.
只要你保持书的清洁，你就可以把我的书借去。
4. once引导的条件状语从句
once引导的条件状语从句，意为＂一旦……就＂，从句可置于主句前或后。
Once you begin, never stop. 一旦开始，就绝不要停止。
Maths is easy to learn once you understand the rules.
一旦你理解了规则，数学就不难学了。
注意：在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
If the weather is bad next week, we’ll put off the climbing.
如果下周天气不好，我们将推迟爬山。
Father told me if I worked hard he would buy me a gift.
爸爸告诉我，如果我努力学习，他会给我买一份礼物。
5. 引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如：
If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
If you have finished the homework, you can go home.
如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。
另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如：
If I were you, I would invite him to the party.
如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。
I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.
要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。
6. if 条件句的时态搭配
（1）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
If he runs he’ll get there in time. 如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。
（2）if从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can。
If the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted.
如果雾再大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
If it stops snowing we can go out. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。
（3）if从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should。
If you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread.
如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。
（4）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时。
If you heat ice it turns to water. (也可用will turn)如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。
（5）if从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时。
If you are looking for Peter you’ll find him upstairs.
如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。
（6）if从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时。
If you have finished dinner I’ll ask the waiter for the bill.
如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账。
【知识拓展】
1. 在以when，before，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句，也适用＂主将从现＂原则，即如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。
I’ll tell her the good news when she comes back.
当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。
she will give you a call as soon as she returns.
她一回来就会给你电话。
2.If条件句的同义句：祈使句，and /or+将来时态的陈述句。
Work hard, and you will make great progress.
= If you work hard, you will make great progress.
如果你努力学习，你就会取得大的进步。
Hurry up, or you will be late.
=If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.
如果你不快点，你就要迟到了。
例：
1. Your spoken English will certainly improve ______ you practise it every day.
A. though B. before C. if D. until
2. —Tim, our foreign teacher Ms. Green will go back to England next week.
—Really Let's have a party to say goodbye to her ________ she is free this weekend.
A. unless B. if C. though
3. Our school basketball team will win the next match _________ they practise more.
A. if B. before C. though D. while
4.Father is too tired today. Don’t call him ________ it is necessary.
A. if B. unless C. when D. whether
5.In some cities of China, you'll get fined ________ you don't walk along the crosswalk while crossing the road.
A．if B．though C．until
6.Vivian will take her daughter to the amusement park________she gets the tickets．
A．if B．until C．although D．unless
7.You will feel cold ________ you don't wear a coat.
A. so B. though C. if D. unless
8.You can surf the Internet _________ you want to know more about the 2020 World Middle School Games.
A. if B. although C. until
9.—Don't forget to protect your eyes well__________ you take online classes.
—OK. Thank you, Sir.
A．if B．though C．as if
10.— It’s said that Zhou Jielun will hold a concert next month in Xiangyang.
— I’m sure the fans will be happy _______ it’s true.
A. until B. although C. before D. if
11.We will make fewer mistakes __________ we are careful enough.
A. as long as B. so that C. as far as D. even if
12.—I'm afraid we can't work out the math problem________the teacher helps us.
—That's true. It's too difficult.
A. if B. unless C. because D. as soon as
13.She says that she'll have to close the restaurant ______ business improves.
A．if B．after C．unless D．when
CBABA ACAAD ABC
六、让步状语从句
一般翻译为＂尽管……即使……＂就是我们日常生活中用的＂退一步说……＂的感觉。
引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些：though, although, as; even if, even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ever。
1. although/though引导的让步状语从句
although和though，都作＂虽然；尽管＂解，通常可以换用，although的语气较重。如果要强调＂但是＂语气，可使用yet，still或nevertheless来表示＂但是＂、＂依然＂或＂然而＂之意。
Although they have been talking for a long time, he cannot make her believe him.
虽然和她谈了半天，他还是不能让她信任自己。
He is tired, but he still keeps on working hard.
=Although/though he is tired, he (still) keeps on working hard.
Though /Although he was worn out, he kept on working.
We had to wait half an hour ________we had already booked a table.
A. since B. although C. until D. before
【参考答案】B
2. even if/even though引导的让步状语从句
（1）even if引导的让步状语从句
even if ＂即使，纵然＂，从句表示的是尚未发生的动作或存在的情况。
Even if it rains tomorrow, we won’t change our plan. 即使明天下雨，我们也决不改变计划。
Even if I failed again, I will not give up the experiment. 即使我再次失败，我也决不会放弃实验。
（2） even though引导的让步状语从句
even though＂虽然，尽管＂，从句所表示的是已经发生的动作或存在的情况，通常可以和although/though换用。
Even though I didn’t understand a word, I kept smiling. 即使我一个字也不懂，我还是保持微笑。
Even though you say so, I do not believe it. 即使你这样说，我也不信。
例：
1.My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _______________ he’s in his nineties.
A. as long as B. as if C. even though D. in case
【参考答案】C
3. while引导的让步状语从句
while＂虽然，尽管＂，多用于正式文体，且多位于句首，相当于although。
While I understand your point of view, I do not share it. 我虽了解你的观点，但不敢苟同。
While I sympathize, I really can’t do very much to help. 虽然我很同情，但我确实帮不了什么忙。
例：
1._____________ online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless
【参考答案】C
*4. 疑问词-ever与no matter+疑问词引导的让步状语从句
（1）whatever/no matter what引导的让步状语从句
whatever和no matter what用法相同，都作＂无论什么＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
Whatever/No matter what he says, don’t go. 不管他说什么，你都不要走。
We are determined to fulfill the task, whatever/no matter what happens. 不管发生什么，我们决心完成这项任务。
（2）whichever/no matter which引导的让步状语从句
whichever和no matter which用法相同，都作＂无论哪个＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
Whichever/No matter which you buy, there is a six-month guarantee. 不论你买哪个，都有六个月的保修期。
Whichever/No matter which of the two men had stolen her purse, Barbara was determined to find them. 不管是这两个人中的谁偷了她的钱包，芭芭拉都决心找到他们。
（3）whoever/no matter who引导的让步状语从句
whoever和no matter who用法相同，都作＂无论谁＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
You can’t come in, whoever you are. 不管你是谁，都不能进来。
Whoever/No matter who wants to speak to me on the phone, tell him I’m busy. 不管谁要我接电话，就说我现在正忙着呢。
（4） wherever/no matter where引导的让步状语从句
wherever和no matter where用法相同，都作＂无论在（或到）哪里＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
Wherever/No matter where you go, I’m right here waiting for you. 无论你到哪里，我都依然在这里等着你。
（5）however/no matter how引导的让步状语从句
however和no matter how用法相同，都作＂无论如何……＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
However much you regret doing that, there is nothing you can do about it now. 无论你可能多么懊悔你曾经做过的事，现在也无济于事了。
However high it may be, it can’t reach the sky. 它不论有多高，也高不到天上去。
（6）whenever/no matter when引导的让步状语从句
whenever和no matter when用法相同，都作＂无论何时＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
Whenever I’m unhappy, he cheers me up. 不管什么时候我不高兴，他都给我鼓劲儿。
例：
1._________， I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
A. However the story is amusing
B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is
D. No matter how the story is amusing
【参考答案】C
2. You should try to get a good night’s sleep ________much work you have to do.
A. however B. no matter
C. although D. whatever
【参考答案】A
例：
1. 【2020 黔西南州】The Chinese doctors went to Italy to help the patients________they knew it was dangerous.
A. because B. if C. though D. as soon as
2.【2020 无锡市】I think the coffee beans are from Brazil, ________ I’m not completely sure.
A. because B. since C. though D. whether
3.【2020 徐州市】We’re not very close friends________ we’ve known each other for a long time.
A. until B. although C. as D. if
4.【2020 江西省】It was great in the end ________ we had a terrible time at the beginning.
A. if B. unless C. when D. although
5.【2020 沈阳市】_______ Simon has done well in his studies, he still works really hard.
A. Since B. If C. Although D. Unless
6.【2020 铁岭葫芦岛】________ she is very young, she can take good care of herself.
A. If B. Unless C. Since D. Although
7.【2020 青海省】I was still feeling hungry ________ I had eaten some sandwiches.
A. so B. though C. since
8.【2020 山东日照】________ the traffic was heavy, we still got to the railway station on time.
A. As B. Unless C. When D. Although
9.【2020 安徽省】Our English teacher is nice and patient she is very strict with us.
A．if B．as C．unless D．though
10.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】Wechat Pay (微信支付) makes our life convenient. We can buy things ________ we don't take any money.
A. because B. so that C. even though
11.【2020 长沙市】________ the outbreak of COVID-19 is a terrible blow to the country, the government is trying hard to bring the situation under control.
A. Although B. If C. Unless
12.【2020 东营市】________ he is dead, Kobe Bryant’s spirit will continue to influence us.
A. If B. Until C. Because D. Although
CCBDC DBDDC AD
七、原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。
1. because引导的原因状语从句
because表示人们不知道的直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句，其所引导的从句，为全句句意的中心所在。通常用于回答why引出的疑问句，语气最强，除特别强调外，该从句一般位于主句后面。
I didn’t go abroad with her because I couldn’t afford it.
我没有和她一起出国是因为费用太高。
Don’t scamp your work because you are pressed for time.
不要因为时间仓促而马马虎虎。
例：
I wonder whether his hearing is okay _______________ he has turned the television up very loud.
A. unless B. although
C. until D. because
【答案】 D
2. as引导的原因状语从句
as引导的原因状语从句所引出的理由在说话人开来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉而不需要强调，从句多位于主句之前，通常可以和since换用，as语气稍弱。
As I didn’t know the way，I asked a policeman. 我不认识路，因而问警察。
As it is snowing, we shall not climb the mountain. 由于在下雪，我们不去爬山了。
例：
1.___________ you weren’t there, I left a message.
A.As B.When C.Though D.For
【答案】 A
2. When my father goes somewhere, he always goes along with my mother, _________ he doesn’t like going alone.
A.though B.as C.while D.even if
【答案】B
3. since引导的原因状语从句
since表示人们已知的事实，不许强调的原因，故常译为“既然……”，通常位于主句前。since从句是次要的，重点强调主句的内容，相当于now that。
Since traveling by air is much faster, they decided to take a plane.
既然乘飞机旅行快得多，他们就决定坐飞机。
Since you won’t help me，I’ll ask someone else.你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮忙。
例：
Mark needs to learn Chinese ________his company is opening a branch in Beijing.
A. unless B. until C. although D. since
【答案】D
4. now(that)引导的原因状语从句
now(that)“因为；既然”，通常可以和since换用。其中that可省去，用来表示一种新的情况，再加以推论。
Now(that) you’ve passed your test you can drive on your own.你既已考试合格，就可以独自开车了。
I do remember，now (that) you mention it. 你这一提，我倒的确想起来了。
例：
1.________the term has come to an end, I am going to take a trip for relaxation.
A. Now that B. Even if C.As though D. So that
【答案】A
5.for也可以表示原因，
属并列连词，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推断，表示补充说明理由。而推断的理由会因人而异。语气很弱，它引出的分句必须放在另一分句后。
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
并列连词：and,but,so,for,or...
主从连词：because...
1. —I am really proud of my group________ we’re always discussing and sharing study secrets together.
—How important the group work is!
A. until B. as if C. because D. though
2. —________ you know little about this art form, you can read a book to learn more.
— OK, I will.
A．Since B．But C．Before D．However
3.【2020 辽宁丹东】I don’t like Sun Cinema ________ it has bad service.
A. because B. although C. unless D. until
4．_____there was no obvious evidence, most people didn’t think he was guilty of the robbery.
A．When B．While C．Since D．As
CAAC
中考真题
1. （2021扬州）___________we always wait for another day, fruitlessly our life will pass away.
A. Until B. If C. Although D. Whether
B
2. （2021南京）You need to practise speaking every day ________ you hope to improve your spoken English.
A. if B. although C. unless D. until
A【详解】句意：如果你想提高你的英语口语，你需要每天练习口语。
考查连词辨析。if如果；although尽管；unless除非；until直到。根据“You need to practise speaking every day”以及“you hope to improve your spoken English”可知，如果想提高英语口语，就需要每天练习口语，此处为if引导的条件状语从句。故选A。
3. （2021宿迁）Mary shut the window just now ________ she could keep the insects out.
A. so that B. when C. till D. after
A【详解】句意：玛丽刚才关上了窗户，以便把昆虫挡在外面。
考查连词。so that为了；when当……时；till直到；after在……之后；根据空格前后句可知，关窗户的目的是挡住昆虫，此处应用so that引导目的状语从句，故选A。
4.（2020江苏省苏州市）Check what you have written _______ you hand in your application form.
A. since B. before C. after D. while
B【解析】句意：在递交申请表之前，先检查你所写的。查从属连词辨析。since自从；before在……之前；after在……之后；while当……时候，根据句意，可知应在递交申请表之前，先检查下你所填写的，所以用before，故选B。
5.（2020扬州市）Lucy held her head up like a queen________ Bill was telling his tale.
A. after B. before C. while D. until
C【解析】句意：当比尔讲故事时，露西像女王一样昂起头来。考查从属连词。after在……之后；before在……在前；while当……时候；until直到。根据句意指“当比尔讲故事时”，所以应用while引导时间状语从句。故选C。
6.（2020青岛市）In Chinese families, people won't start dinner ________ the elders take their seats.
A. after B. when C. because D. until
D【解析】句意：在中国家庭里，人们直到老人们坐下才开始吃饭。考查连词。after在……之后；when在……时候；because因为；until直到。根据“won't start dinner”可知句子使用“not…until…”的结构，此处表示“直到老人们坐下才开始吃饭”，用until。故选D。
巩固练习
1. 【2020 黔西南州】The Chinese doctors went to Italy to help the patients________they knew it was dangerous.
A. because B. if C. though D. as soon as
【答案】C
【解析】句意：尽管中国医生知道这样做很危险，他们还是去了意大利帮助病人。考查从属连词辨析。because因为，引导原因状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；though虽然、尽管、即使，引导让步状语从句；as soon as一……就……，引导时间状语从句。根据语境“中国医生去意大利帮助病人，___他们知道这很危险．”可知，前后句之间存在一种相反的让步关系，所以though符合句意，故答案选C。
2. 【2020 黑龙江哈尔滨市 】—Tim, our foreign teacher Ms. Green will go back to England next week.
—Really Let's have a party to say goodbye to her ________ she is free this weekend.
A. unless B. if C. though
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——蒂姆，我们的外教老师格林小姐下周要回英国了。——真的吗 如果她这个周末有空的话，让我们举行一个聚会来向她告别吧。考查从属连词的辨析。unless除非；if如果；though虽然。根据句意可知，“she is free this weekend”是“have a party to say goodbye to her”的假设条件，这里是if引导的条件状语从句，故选B。
3. 【2020 江苏省苏州市】Check what you have written _______ you hand in your application form.
A. since B. before C. after D. while
【答案】B
【解析】句意：在递交申请表之前，先检查你所写的。查从属连词辨析。since自从；before在……之前；after在……之后；while当……时候，根据句意，可知应在递交申请表之前，先检查下你所填写的，所以用before，故选B。
4. 【2020 山东滨州市 】—I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do
—Be more active in class, ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A. so that B. unless C. or D. although
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——我觉得我是班上最害羞的。我该怎么办？——在课堂上更加活跃，以便你就可以提高你表达自己的能力。考查so that引导的目的状语从句。so that以便，引导目的状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；or或者，表并列；although尽管，引导让步状语从句。分析句子可知，此处表示“在课堂上更加活跃，以便你就可以提高你表达自己的能力”，强调目的，故选A。
5.【2020 温州市】Little Mary says good night to her parents________ she goes to bed every day.
A. if B. until C. before D. unless
【答案】C
【解析】句意：小玛丽每天睡觉前都会跟父母说晚安。if如果；until直到……；before在……之前；unless除非。根据句中“says good night to her parents”和“she goes to bed”可知，此处是“睡觉之前向父母说晚安”。故选C。
6.【2020 南通市】Max got lost and was trapped in the forest for 10 hours _______ a farmer nearby found him.
A. if B. since C. until D. after
【答案】C
【解析】句意：马克斯迷路了，在森林里被困了10个小时，直到附近的一个农民发现了他。
考查连词辨析。if如果；since自……以来；until直到……；after在……之后。根据句中“a farmer nearby found him”可知，此处使用until，表示“马克斯在森林里被困了10个小时，直到附近的一个农民发现了他”。故选C。
7. 【2020 天津市】You’d better tidy up your room ________ your father comes back.
A．so B．or C．before D．but
【答案】C
【解析】句意：你最好在你父亲回来之前清理你房间。考查连词。so因此；or否则；before在……之前；but但是。“your father comes back”是时间状语，此处用before引导时间状语从句表示“在你父亲回来之前”。故选C。
8. 【2020 江苏省淮安市】Our school basketball team will win the next match _________ they practise more.
A. if B. before C. though D. while
【答案】A
【解析】句意：如果我们学校的篮球队练习更多的话，他们将赢得下一次比赛。考查连词。if如果；before在……之前；though尽管；while当……时候。此处是条件状语，用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故选A。
9.【2020 江苏泰州市】Father is too tired today. Don’t call him ________ it is necessary.
A. if B. unless C. when D. whether
【答案】B
【解析】句意：爸爸今天太累了。除非有必要，否则不要给他打电话。考查连词。A. if如果；B. unless除非；C. when什么时候；D. whether是否。根据上文Father is too tired today可知，父亲太累了，所以除非很有必要，否则不要给他打电话。B选项符合句意，故选B。
10.【2020 无锡市】I think the coffee beans are from Brazil, ________ I’m not completely sure.
A. because B. since C. though D. whether
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我想咖啡豆是巴西产的，不过我不太确定。考查连词。A. because因为；B. since因为、由于；C. though即使、不过；D. whether是否。根据句意可知，我想咖啡豆是巴西产的，不过我不太确定。C选项符合句意，故选C。
11.【2020 徐州市】We’re not very close friends________ we’ve known each other for a long time.
A. until B. although C. as D. if
【答案】B
【解析】句意：虽然我们认识很长时间了，但我们不是很亲密的朋友。考查连词辨析。until直到，表时间；although尽管，虽然，表让步；as因为，表原因；if如果，表条件。根据语境可知，虽然我们认识很长时间了，但我们不是很亲密的朋友，故此处应用连词although表让步。故选B。
12.【2020 扬州市】Lucy held her head up like a queen________ Bill was telling his tale.
A. after B. before C. while D. until
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当比尔讲故事时，露西像女王一样昂起头来。考查从属连词。after在……之后；before在……在前；while当……时候；until直到。根据句意指“当比尔讲故事时”，所以应用while引导时间状语从句。故选C。
13.【2020 镇江市】My parents gave red packets to my cousin every Spring Festival___________ she got a job, because she said she was able to make money.
A. after B. when C. until D. since
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我父母每年春节都给我表妹红包，直到她找到工作，因为她说她能赚钱。考查连词辨析。after在……之后；when当……时；until直到；since自从。根据语境可知，我父母直到表妹找到工作前一直在春节的时候给她发红包，故此处应用until引导时间状语从句。故选C。
14.【2020 江西省】It was great in the end ________ we had a terrible time at the beginning.
A. if B. unless C. when D. although
【答案】D
【解析】句意：虽然一开始我们很糟糕，但最后还是很棒的。考查连词辨析。if如果；unless除非，如果不；when当……时候；although虽然，尽管。根据句意可知，空前“It was great”与空后“we had a terrible time”是转折关系，这里应用although引导让步状语从句。故选D。
15.【2020 沈阳市】_______ Simon has done well in his studies, he still works really hard.
A. Since B. If C. Although D. Unless
【答案】C
【解析】句意：虽然Simon学习很好，但是他仍然努力学习。考查连词辨析。Since既然、自从……以来，引导原因状语从句和时间状语从句；If如果，引导条件状语从句；Although虽然，引导让步状语从句；Unless 除非，引导条件状语从句。根据Simon has done well in his studies,以及 he still works really hard.可知前后句之间存在一种相反的让步关系，所以用Although引导让步状语从句，故答案选C。
16.【2020 铁岭葫芦岛】________ she is very young, she can take good care of herself.
A. If B. Unless C. Since D. Although
【答案】D
【解析】句意：虽然她很小，但她能照顾好自己。考查连词辨析。If如果，引导条件状语从句；Unless除非，如果不，引导条件状语从句；Since自从，引导时间状语从句；Although虽然，尽管。根据句意可知，两句话之间是让步关系，这里应用although引导让步状语从句，故选D。
17.【2020 青海省】I was still feeling hungry ________ I had eaten some sandwiches.
A. so B. though C. since
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我仍然感到饥饿，尽管我吃了一些三明治。考查连词。so因此；though尽管；since自从，因为。根据still判断“I had eaten some sandwiches”是让步状语从句，用though引导让步状语从句，故选B。
18.【2020 青岛市】In Chinese families, people won't start dinner ________ the elders take their seats.
A. after B. when C. because D. until
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在中国家庭里，人们直到老人们坐下才开始吃饭。考查连词。after在……之后；when在……时候；because因为；until直到。根据“won't start dinner”可知句子使用“not…until…”的结构，此处表示“直到老人们坐下才开始吃饭”，用until。故选D。
19.【2020 山东日照】________ the traffic was heavy, we still got to the railway station on time.
A. As B. Unless C. When D. Although
【答案】D
【解析】句意：尽管交通拥挤，我们还是准时到达了火车站。考查连词。A. As因为；B. Unless除非；C. When当……时；D. Although尽管。根据we still got to the railway station on time可知，该句与上文the traffic was heavy之间为让步关系，故应用连词Although，故选D。
20.【2020 山西省】Swimming is, of course, interesting. But ________ we plan to go swimming, being safe must come first.
A. though B. when C. unless
【答案】B
【解析】句意：游泳当然很有趣。但是当我们计划去游泳时，安全必须放在第一位。
考查连词辨析。though尽管；when当……时；unless除非。根据题意“____我们计划去游泳，安全必须放在第一位”，结合选项可知此处用when符合题意，在句中引导时间状语从句。故选B。
21.【2020 云南省】—Excuse me. Where is the nearest hotel
—Just go down this road ________ you see a library. It’s across from it.
A. until B. because C. however D. though
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——很抱歉打扰，最近的酒店在哪？——只需要从这条路往下走直到你看到一个图书馆。酒店在它对面。考查连词。until直到；because因为；however然而；though尽管。此处是时间状语，表示“直到”用连词until引导时间状语从句。故选A。
22.【2020 安徽省】Our English teacher is nice and patient she is very strict with us.
A．if B．as C．unless D．though
【答案】D
【解析】句意：尽管我们的英语老师对我们很严格，但是她很好也很有耐心。考查连词辨析。if如果；as由于；unless除非；though尽管。根据句意，前文Our English teacher is nice and patient“我们的英语老师很好也很有耐心”，后文she is very strict with us“她对我们很严格”，可知，后文表让步关系，尽管她很严格，但是她很好也很有耐心，所以空格处填though。故选D。
23.【2020 福建省】In some cities of China, you'll get fined ________ you don't walk along the crosswalk while crossing the road.
A．if B．though C．until
【答案】A
【解析】句意：在中国的一些城市，如果你过马路时不走人行横道，就会被罚款。考查连词辨析。if如果；though尽管，虽然；until直到……时候。根据句意可知，这里表示“如果不走人行道，就会被罚款”，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
24.【2020 上海市】Vivian will take her daughter to the amusement park________she gets the tickets．
A．if B．until C．although D．unless
【答案】A
【解析】句意：如果薇薇安买到票，她将带女儿去游乐园．考查连词词义辨析。if如果；until直到……为止；although虽然，尽管，即使；unless除非。根据句意"___薇薇安买到票，她将带女儿去游乐园。"可知，此处用连词if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
【点睛】做题时，在明确各选项含义的基础上，结合具体语境，即可得出答案。
25.【2020 甘肃武威市】You will feel cold ________ you don't wear a coat.
A. so B. though C. if D. unless
【答案】C
【解析】句意：如果你不穿大衣的话，你会感觉冷的。考查连词辨析。so因此，所以；though尽管，虽然；if如果；是否；unless除非，如果不。根据句意可知，这里应用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果……，就会……”。故选C。
26.【2020 海南省】President Xi encourages all Chinese people to plant trees_________ our country can be greener and more beautiful.
A. so that B. as long as C. even though
【答案】A
【解析】句意：习主席鼓励所有中国人植树造林，以使我们的国家更绿、更美丽。考查连词辨析。so that以便，为了，引导目的状语从句；as long as只要，引导条件状语从句；even though即使，引导让步状语从句。根据语境可知，习主席鼓励我们植树造林的目的是为了让我们的国家更加绿色、更加美丽，故空格后半句表目的，应用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。
27.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】Wechat Pay (微信支付) makes our life convenient. We can buy things ________ we don't take any money.
A. because B. so that C. even though
【答案】C
【解析】句意：微信支付让我们的生活便利。即使没带钱我们也可以买东西。考查连词。because因为；so that以便；even though即使。“we don't take any money”表示让步“即使我们没带钱”，用even though来引导让步状语从句。故选C。
28.【2020 长沙市】________ you have problems, just let me know. I'll always be there for you.
A. However B. Whatever C. Whenever
【答案】C
【解析】句意：无论你什么时候有问题尽管来找我。我会永远在你身边。考查连词辨析。However然而；无论怎样，无论多么；Whatever无论什么；Whenever无论何时。根据句意可知，这里表示“无论什么时候有困难”，C选项符合语境，故选C。
29.【2020 长沙市】________ the outbreak of COVID-19 is a terrible blow to the country, the government is trying hard to bring the situation under control.
A. Although B. If C. Unless
【答案】A
【解析】句意：虽然新冠肺炎疫情的爆发对国家来说是一个沉重的打击，但是政府正在努力控制疫情。
考查从属连词辨析。Although虽然，引导让步状语从句；If如果，引导条件状语从句；Unless除非，引导条件状语从句。根据句意可知，“新冠肺炎疫情的爆发是对国家的沉重打击”和“政府正在努力控制疫情”之间是让步关系，故选A。
30.【2020 岳阳市】The movie Nezha is__________ educational ________ I want to see it again.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to
【答案】A
【解析】句意：《哪吒》这部电影是如此的有教育意义以至于我想再看一遍。考查连词辨析。so…that和such…that都是“如此……以至于……”的意思，so后修饰形容词或副词，句型是so+形容词或副词+that从句；such后修饰名词，句型是：such a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句或such+形容词+可数名词复数或不可数名词+that从句；too…to这一结构意为“太……以至于不能……”，后面跟动词原形，题目中第二个空后是句子，因此C不对；第一个空后educational是形容词，应用so…that结构，故选A。
31.【2020 益阳市】You can surf the Internet _________ you want to know more about the 2020 World Middle School Games.
A. if B. although C. until
【答案】A
【解析】句意：如果你想知道更多关于2020年世界中学运动会的信息，你可以上网。考查连词辨析。if如果，引导条件状语从句；although尽管，引导让步状语从句；until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句。空前讲“你可以上网”，空后讲“你想知道更多关于2020年世界中学运动会的信息”，空后是空前动作进行的条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
32.【2020 郴州市】We should protect the environment ________ we can make a better world to live in.
A so that B. even though C. as soon as
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们应该保护环境，这样我们才能创造一个更好居住的世界。考查连词。A. so that以便、结果；B. even though即使；C. as soon as一……就……。根据句意可知，空格处应填入so that引导目的状语从句，故选A。
33.【2020 湖南省邵阳市】—Don't forget to protect your eyes well__________ you take online classes.
—OK. Thank you, Sir.
A．if B．though C．as if
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——如果你上网课，不要忘记保护好你的眼睛。——好的，谢谢您，先生。考查连词。if如果；though尽管；as if好像。“you take online classes”是条件状语，用连词if引出条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故选A。
34.【2020 襄阳市】— It’s said that Zhou Jielun will hold a concert next month in Xiangyang.
— I’m sure the fans will be happy _______ it’s true.
A. until B. although C. before D. if
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——据说周杰伦下个月在襄阳举办音乐会。——如果是真的，我确定粉丝会很开心。
考查连词。until直到；although尽管；before在……之前；if如果。此处表示条件“如果是真的”用连词if引导条件状语从句，故选D。
35.【2020 孝感市】We will make fewer mistakes __________ we are careful enough.
A. as long as B. so that C. as far as D. even if
【答案】A
【解析】句意：只要我们足够细心，我们就会少犯错误。
考查连词辨析。as long as只要；so that以便；as far as直到；even if尽管。空前讲“我们将会犯更少错误”，空后讲“我们足够细心”，细心是少犯错误的条件，结合选项可知要用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选A。
36.【2020 湖北省宜昌市】—What do you feel ____________ you are looking through the old pictures
—How time flies!
A. because B. though C. while D. unless
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你翻看这些旧照片时有什么感觉？——时间过得真快啊！
考查连词辨析。because因为；though尽管；while当……时候；unless除非。根据答句“How time flies!”感慨时间过得快，可推出是问看旧照片时的感觉，用while引导时间状语从句。故选C。
37.【2020 江苏省淮安市】—When shall we go on a picnic Saturday or Sunday
—_________ is OK. I'm free the whole weekend.
A. Neither B. All C. Either D. Both
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我们什么时候去野餐，周六还是周日 ——哪天都可以，我这周末比较闲。考查不定代词词义辨析。Neither（两者）都不；All（三者及三者以上）都；Either（两者中）任意一个；Both（两者）都。根据“I'm free the whole weekend.”，可知此处意为周六或周日都可以，表示两者中任何一个，对应后面的系动词is，故选C。
38.【2020 辽宁丹东】I don’t like Sun Cinema ________ it has bad service.
A. because B. although C. unless D. until
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我不喜欢太阳电影院，因为它的服务不好。考查连词。because因为；although尽管；unless除非；until直到……才。根据句意及句子结构，空格后的句子是前面句子的原因，故空格处应填入表原因的连词because，引导原因状语从句，故选A。
39.【2020 辽宁丹东】—I'm afraid we can't work out the math problem________the teacher helps us.
—That's true. It's too difficult.
A. if B. unless C. because D. as soon as
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——如果老师不帮助我们，恐怕我们解不出这道数学题。——那是真的。它太难了。
考查连词辨析。if如果；是否；unless除非，如果不；because因为；as soon as一……就。根据句意“It’s too difficult”可知，这个数学题很难，因此这里表示“如果没有老师帮助，就不会……”，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。
40.【2020 东营市】________ he is dead, Kobe Bryant’s spirit will continue to influence us.
A. If B. Until C. Because D. Although
【答案】D
【解析】句意：虽然他已经死了，但科比·布莱恩特的精神会继续影响我们。考查连词辨析。If 如果，表条件；Until直到，表时间；Because因为，表原因；Although尽管，表让步。根据语境可知，虽然科比已经去世，但他的精神会继续影响我们，故此处应用连词although置于句首表让步，意为“尽管，虽然”。故选D。
41.【2020 广西北部湾】_______ you are in trouble, you can ask the policeman for help.
A. Whenever B. Whatever C. However
【答案】A
【解析】句意：如论何时你有困难，你可以找警察寻求帮助。考查连词的用法。whenever无论何时；whatever无论什么；however无论怎样。根据“you are in trouble”可知此处与时间有关，表达“无论什么时候你有困难”，用whenever。故选A。
42.【2020 内蒙古包头市】She says that she'll have to close the restaurant ______ business improves.
A．if B．after C．unless D．when
【答案】C
【解析】句意：她说，除非生意好转，否则她将不得不关闭餐厅。考查从属连词。if 如果；after 在……之后；unless 除非；when 当……时候。根据 business improves和she'll have to close the restaurant可知“生意好转”与“她将不得不关闭餐厅。”是条件关系，应是“除非”。故选C。状语从句
中考考察重点：
时间状语从句
条件状语从句
目的状语从句
结果状语从句
原因状语从句
考察形式：单选、完型、完成句子等
状语从句分类
从句 连词
时间状语从句 when, while, as, whenever, till, until，before, after, as soon as, since等
地点状语从句 where，wherever, everywhere 等
条件状语从句 if, unless, as long as, in case, if only等
让步状语从句 though, although, even if/even though，whatever, however, no matter +疑问词等
原因状语从句 because, since, as, now that, seeing that，considering that, in that, given that 等
目的状语从句 that, so that(为了)，in order that等
结果状语从句 so that(因此)，so...that ..such…that..等
比较状语从句 as...as.... ,than等
*方式状语从句 as if/as though, (just)as 等
一、时间状语从句
1. 引导时间状语从句的连词
从属连词 用法 例句
While ＂与……同时，在……期间＂，从句常用延续性动词或表示状态的词注：while 有表转折含义 David rang up while you were out. 你不在的时候大卫打电话来了。I went swimming while the others played tennis.我去游泳，而其他人去打网球了。
When ＂当……时＂，表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生，从句的动词可用延续性动词，也可用非延续性动词 It was raining when we arrived. 我们到达时，天正下着雨。when you read the poem a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you. 当你再读一遍这首诗，你就会更清楚它的含义。
As ＂正当，一边……一边，随着＂，表示两个动作同时发生或某事发生时，另一个动作发生了 As time went on, his theory proved to be correct. 随着时间的推移，他的理论被证明是正确的。
Till/Until 用于肯定句时，表示＂直到……为止＂，主句必须为延续性动词；not...until/till表示＂直到……才＂，主句常用短暂性动词 We shall wait until/till he comes back. 我们将一直等到他回来。I didn’t leave until/till she finished her homework. 直到她完成作业我才离开。
Since ＂自……以来＂，主句用一般现在时或现在完成时，从句用一般过去时 I have heard lots of good things about you since I came back from abroad. 自从我从国外回来，我已经听许多好的事情。
Before 在……以前 He must finish all the work before he goes home. 回家之前他必须完成所有的工作。
After 在……之后 Let’s play football after school. 放学后我们打篮球吧。
【知识拓展】时间状语从句的时态问题：在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句如果使用一般将来时态，从句使用一般现在时表示将来，即所谓的＂主将从现＂。As soon as I arrive in Beijing, I will ring you up. 我一到北京就给你打电话。You’ll fall behind the others unless you study hard. 如果你不努力学习，你将会落后于其他人。
例：
1. ---Will you please tell her about the news
---Sure, I’ll tell her about it as soon as she _____ back.
A. come B. will come C. came D. comes
2.Don’t worry. Bill will help you look after your dog when you ________ away on business.
A. are B. were C. will be D. have been
2. when，while，as引导时间状语从句的区别
when，while，as显然都可以引导时间状语从句，但用法区别非常大。
① when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。
I love history when I was at school. 我上学时喜欢历史。
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
The students took notes as they listened. 学生们边听课边做笔记。
② when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；
while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。
a. 从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。
When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest.
当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。
When I got to the airport, the guests had left.
当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。
b. 从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。
①When / While / As we were dancing, a stranger came in.
当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。
②When / While / As she was making a phone call, I was watching TV.
当她在打电话时，我正在看电视。
c. 当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示＂随着……＂ ＂一边……，一边……＂之意。
As the time went on, the weather got worse.
随着时间的过去，天气变得更糟糕了。
It will warm up a little bit on Sunday as the cold front passes.
寒流一过，星期日就会有点暖意了。
As years go by, China is getting stronger and richer.
随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。
The little boy sang as they went. 这个小男孩一边走，一边唱。
d. 在将来时的从句中，常用when，且从句要用一般时代替将来时。
You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it.
在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。
When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I’ll talk with him about this.
下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。
*③ when用于表示＂一……就……＂的句型中（指过去的事情）。
sb. had hardly（＝scarcely）done sth. when. . . ＝Hardly / Scarcely had sb. done sth. when...
Hardly / Scarcely had the words been spoken when he realized that he should have remained silent.
=The words had hardly / scarcely been spoken when he realized that he should have remained silent.
这些话刚一出口，他就意识到自己应该保持沉默。
I had hardly / scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang.
＝Hardly / Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang.
我刚一走进房门，电话就响了。
3. 比较until和till
till和until同义，作＂直到……时(为止)＂解，till多用于非正式文体，until多用于句首。
肯定形式表示的意思是＂做某事直至某时＂，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是＂直至某时才做某事＂。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
否定句：I won’t go with you until (till) I finished my homework. 等我做完作业我才和你一起去。
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。
I didn’t manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。
区别：
（1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。
*（2）Not until...在句首，主句用倒装。
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.
直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。
4.before用法
（1）before＂在……之前＂。
Do it before you forget. 尽早动手，免得忘了。
I’ll be back before you have left. 你离开之前我就会回来。
（2）before＂……之后才＂。
It may be many years before we meet again. 可能要过许多年我们才能再见了。
It was three days before he came back. 他三天后才回来。
（3） before ＂尚未来得及 ＂
Before they reached the house, a new great wave came, sweeping down trees, and sweeping them down too. 他们还没到屋子，又一个巨浪打来，冲倒了树，也冲倒了他们。
（4）before ＂要……先……＂
You should be a pupil before you become a teacher. 要当老师，先作学生。
（5）before＂趁……＂
You should do it before it is too late. 趁现在还不算太晚，你应该赶快做它。
热点句型
it will（not）be＋一段时间＋before（一般式）… ＂还要过多久才……（不多久就……了）＂
It will be long before he goes abroad. 要过很久他才出国。
*注：long before ＂不久前＂, 用于一般过去时和完成时中；before long = soon/not long after ＂
例
1.Little Mary says good night to her parents________ she goes to bed every day.
A. if B. until C. before D. unless
2.Max got lost and was trapped in the forest for 10 hours _______ a farmer nearby found him.
A. if B. since C. until D. after
3.My parents gave red packets to my cousin every Spring Festival___________ she got a job, because she said she was able to make money.
A. after B. when C. until D. since
4.Swimming is, of course, interesting. But ________ we plan to go swimming, being safe must come first.
A. though B. when C. unless
5.—Excuse me. Where is the nearest hotel
—Just go down this road ________ you see a library. It’s across from it.
A. until B. because C. however D. though
6.—What do you feel ____________ you are looking through the old pictures
—How time flies!
A. because B. though C. while D. unless
7. Mary is afraid of the dog. She will run away ________she sees it.
A. although B. as soon as C. so that
8. —Emma, what do you want to be in the future
—I want to be a doctor. This has been my dream_______ I was a kid.
A. since B. when C. until D. before
地点状语从句
1.where引导的地点状语从句
1.从属连词where表示＂在（或到）……的地方＂。
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
Put it where you found it. 把它放在原来的地方。
2. where 在地点状语从句中，除指地点外，还可指处境等。
He said he was happy where he was. 他说他对自己的处境很满意。
2.wherever引导的地点状语从句
从属连词wherever意为＂在（或到）……的各个地方＂。
You can go wherever(anywhere) you like these days. 这些天你可以去你想去的地方。
Where (Everywhere) they went, the experts were warmly welcomed. 专家们每到一处，都受到热烈的欢迎。
例：
1. Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi _______ the bus had dropped her.
A. until B. when C. although D. where
三、目的状语从句
英语里可以用to，in order to，so as to，so that，in order that来表示目的。
1. to，in order to，so as to引导目的状语短语，构成简单句。
He has to earn lots of money in order to/to/so as to raise his family.
他赚很多钱是为了养家糊口。
2. so that，in order that引导目的状语从句，构成复合句，且从句中常与can，could，may，might等情态动词连用。
Speak clearly so that/in order to everybody can understand you. 请说清楚一点，这样每个人都能听得懂。
注意，in order that与in order to译文相同，都译作＂为了……＂，
不同之处在于：in order that+从句；in order to+动词原形。
in order that+从句构成目的状语从句，表明主句行为目的；
in order to+动词原形构成目的状语，不成从句。
I get up early in order that I can catch the early bus.
I get up early in order to catch the early bus. 为了能赶上早班车，我很早就起床了。
He works hard in order that he can obtain a higher position.
He works hard in order to obtain a higher position.为了升职，他很努力地工作。
四、目的状语从句
1. so...that...
so...that...句型中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词，意思是＂如此/这么……以至于……＂。
（1）常用句型：主语+谓语+so+adj./adv.+that从句
The boy ran so fast that I couldn’t catch him.
这个男孩跑得太快了以至于我追不上他。
（2）so+形容词+ a(n)+单数名词+that从句
She made so good a meal that we all ate far too much.
她做的饭菜那么好吃，结果我们都吃得太多了。
（3）so+many/much few/little（少）+名词+that从句
当名词前有many、much、few、little（少）等词修饰时，句子中要用so...that...而不能用such...that...。
There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us.
缸里的水太少了，不够我们这些人用。
2. such...that...
在such...that...句型中，such修饰名词，意思是＂如此……以至于……＂，such...that...引导四种不同的句子结构。
（1）such+a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句
This is such a good book that all of us like it very much.
这是一本很好的书，我们大家都喜欢读它。
（2）such+形容词+复数名词+that从句
They are such good students that the teacher likes them.
他们都是很好的学生，老师喜欢他们。
（3）such+（形容词）+不可数名词+that从句
It was such fime weather yesterday that we went swimming.
昨天天气很好，我们去游泳了。
（4）one（no，any，all，many，some，several等）+such+可数名词+that从句
There are many such good books that I can’t decide which one to choose.
有这么多的好书，我无法决定选择哪一本。
3. so that
so that既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时译为＂为了＂，引导结果状语从句时可译为＂以便＂。
He worked hard at his lessons so that he could gain high grades in the exams.
他努力学习功课，争取考试能获得好的成绩。
He worked hard at his lessons, so that he gained high grades in the exams.
他努力学习，结果考试取得了好成绩。
so that引导目的状语从句时，表示＂以便，为了＂，从句中常使用can，could，may，might，will，would，should等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词。
He has to earn so lots of muney so that he can buy his children nice food and clothes.
他必须赚很多钱才能给他的孩子提供好的饮食和衣服。
例：
1. The story is interesting everybody likes it very much.
A. very; that B. so; that C. such; that D. such; because
2. —I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do
—Be more active in class, ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A. so that B. unless C. or D. although
3.The movie Nezha is__________ educational ________ I want to see it again.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to
4.President Xi encourages all Chinese people to plant trees_________ our country can be greener and more beautiful.
A. so that B. as long as C. even though
5.We should protect the environment ________ we can make a better world to live in.
A so that B. even though C. as soon as
6. She read the text loudly ___________ all the students could hear her.
A. because B. since C. when D. so that
7. I advise you to go to an English corner________ you can improve your listening and speaking.
A. so that B. even though C. whether D. as soon as
五、条件状语从句
条件状语从句，即在某种条件下，一件事情可能发生。在英语中由连接词if或unless等引导的状语从句叫作条件状语从句。条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中），一件事情（主句）才能发生，通常译作＂假如，只要，如果＂等意思。条件状语从句中，主从句的时态要遵循＂主将从现＂的原则。即，主句是将来时态时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时态。
引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有：if(如果)，unless(除非)，as long as(只要)等。如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表示。如：
I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨，我就待在家。
You can’t learn English well unless you work hard.
除非你努力学习，否则是学不好英语的。
1.if引导的条件状语从句
表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。
If we pay much attention to the earth, we’ll have a better world.
如果我们多关爱地球，就会拥有一个更美好的世界
If it rains tomorrow, what shall we do 如果明天下雨，我们怎么办？
If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
注意：if还可以引导虚拟条件句，表示不可实现的条件，从句中多用一般过去时或过去完成时。
What would happen if there were no water 如果没有水会怎样？
2. unless引导的条件状语从句
unless的意思是＂如果不，除非＂。可与if... not互换。
You will fail in English unless you work hard.
你英语考试会不及格的，除非你更加努力。
You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.
如果你不早点动身，你就不能及时赶到那儿。
Unless it rains, the game will be played. 除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。
3. as /so long as引导的条件状语从句
as /so long as的意思是＂只要＂
So long as you’re happy, I will be happy. 只要你高兴，我就高兴。
You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.
只要你保持书的清洁，你就可以把我的书借去。
4. once引导的条件状语从句
once引导的条件状语从句，意为＂一旦……就＂，从句可置于主句前或后。
Once you begin, never stop. 一旦开始，就绝不要停止。
Maths is easy to learn once you understand the rules.
一旦你理解了规则，数学就不难学了。
注意：在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
If the weather is bad next week, we’ll put off the climbing.
如果下周天气不好，我们将推迟爬山。
Father told me if I worked hard he would buy me a gift.
爸爸告诉我，如果我努力学习，他会给我买一份礼物。
5. 引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if，常见的if条件状语从句表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。如：
If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。
If you fail in the exam, you will let him down.
如果你考试不及格，你会让他失望的。
If you have finished the homework, you can go home.
如果你作业做完了就可以回家了。
另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。如：
If I were you, I would invite him to the party.
如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。
I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.
要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。
6. if 条件句的时态搭配
（1）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
If he runs he’ll get there in time. 如果他用跑的，他就会及时赶到那儿。
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉猫的尾巴，它就会抓你。
（2）if从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can。
If the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted.
如果雾再大一些，飞机可能就会改在别的机场降落。
If it stops snowing we can go out. 如果雪停了，我们就可以出去。
（3）if从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should。
If you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread.
如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。
（4）if从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时。
If you heat ice it turns to water. (也可用will turn)如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。
（5）if从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时。
If you are looking for Peter you’ll find him upstairs.
如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。
（6）if从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时。
If you have finished dinner I’ll ask the waiter for the bill.
如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账。
【知识拓展】
1. 在以when，before，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句，也适用＂主将从现＂原则，即如果主句是一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。
I’ll tell her the good news when she comes back.
当她回来的时候，我将把这个好消息告诉她。
she will give you a call as soon as she returns.
她一回来就会给你电话。
2.If条件句的同义句：祈使句，and /or+将来时态的陈述句。
Work hard, and you will make great progress.
= If you work hard, you will make great progress.
如果你努力学习，你就会取得大的进步。
Hurry up, or you will be late.
=If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.
如果你不快点，你就要迟到了。
例：
1. Your spoken English will certainly improve ______ you practise it every day.
A. though B. before C. if D. until
2. —Tim, our foreign teacher Ms. Green will go back to England next week.
—Really Let's have a party to say goodbye to her ________ she is free this weekend.
A. unless B. if C. though
3. Our school basketball team will win the next match _________ they practise more.
A. if B. before C. though D. while
4.Father is too tired today. Don’t call him ________ it is necessary.
A. if B. unless C. when D. whether
5.In some cities of China, you'll get fined ________ you don't walk along the crosswalk while crossing the road.
A．if B．though C．until
6.Vivian will take her daughter to the amusement park________she gets the tickets．
A．if B．until C．although D．unless
7.You will feel cold ________ you don't wear a coat.
A. so B. though C. if D. unless
8.You can surf the Internet _________ you want to know more about the 2020 World Middle School Games.
A. if B. although C. until
9.—Don't forget to protect your eyes well__________ you take online classes.
—OK. Thank you, Sir.
A．if B．though C．as if
10.— It’s said that Zhou Jielun will hold a concert next month in Xiangyang.
— I’m sure the fans will be happy _______ it’s true.
A. until B. although C. before D. if
11.We will make fewer mistakes __________ we are careful enough.
A. as long as B. so that C. as far as D. even if
12.—I'm afraid we can't work out the math problem________the teacher helps us.
—That's true. It's too difficult.
A. if B. unless C. because D. as soon as
13.She says that she'll have to close the restaurant ______ business improves.
A．if B．after C．unless D．when
六、让步状语从句
一般翻译为＂尽管……即使……＂就是我们日常生活中用的＂退一步说……＂的感觉。
引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些：though, although, as; even if, even though; whether...or...; no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ever。
1. although/though引导的让步状语从句
although和though，都作＂虽然；尽管＂解，通常可以换用，although的语气较重。如果要强调＂但是＂语气，可使用yet，still或nevertheless来表示＂但是＂、＂依然＂或＂然而＂之意。
Although they have been talking for a long time, he cannot make her believe him.
虽然和她谈了半天，他还是不能让她信任自己。
He is tired, but he still keeps on working hard.
=Although/though he is tired, he (still) keeps on working hard.
Though /Although he was worn out, he kept on working.
We had to wait half an hour ________we had already booked a table.
A. since B. although C. until D. before
2. even if/even though引导的让步状语从句
（1）even if引导的让步状语从句
even if ＂即使，纵然＂，从句表示的是尚未发生的动作或存在的情况。
Even if it rains tomorrow, we won’t change our plan. 即使明天下雨，我们也决不改变计划。
Even if I failed again, I will not give up the experiment. 即使我再次失败，我也决不会放弃实验。
（2） even though引导的让步状语从句
even though＂虽然，尽管＂，从句所表示的是已经发生的动作或存在的情况，通常可以和although/though换用。
Even though I didn’t understand a word, I kept smiling. 即使我一个字也不懂，我还是保持微笑。
Even though you say so, I do not believe it. 即使你这样说，我也不信。
例：
1.My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _______________ he’s in his nineties.
A. as long as B. as if C. even though D. in case
3. while引导的让步状语从句
while＂虽然，尽管＂，多用于正式文体，且多位于句首，相当于although。
While I understand your point of view, I do not share it. 我虽了解你的观点，但不敢苟同。
While I sympathize, I really can’t do very much to help. 虽然我很同情，但我确实帮不了什么忙。
例：
1._____________ online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless
*4. 疑问词-ever与no matter+疑问词引导的让步状语从句
（1）whatever/no matter what引导的让步状语从句
whatever和no matter what用法相同，都作＂无论什么＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
Whatever/No matter what he says, don’t go. 不管他说什么，你都不要走。
We are determined to fulfill the task, whatever/no matter what happens. 不管发生什么，我们决心完成这项任务。
（2）whichever/no matter which引导的让步状语从句
whichever和no matter which用法相同，都作＂无论哪个＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
Whichever/No matter which you buy, there is a six-month guarantee. 不论你买哪个，都有六个月的保修期。
Whichever/No matter which of the two men had stolen her purse, Barbara was determined to find them. 不管是这两个人中的谁偷了她的钱包，芭芭拉都决心找到他们。
（3）whoever/no matter who引导的让步状语从句
whoever和no matter who用法相同，都作＂无论谁＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
You can’t come in, whoever you are. 不管你是谁，都不能进来。
Whoever/No matter who wants to speak to me on the phone, tell him I’m busy. 不管谁要我接电话，就说我现在正忙着呢。
（4） wherever/no matter where引导的让步状语从句
wherever和no matter where用法相同，都作＂无论在（或到）哪里＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
Wherever/No matter where you go, I’m right here waiting for you. 无论你到哪里，我都依然在这里等着你。
（5）however/no matter how引导的让步状语从句
however和no matter how用法相同，都作＂无论如何……＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
However much you regret doing that, there is nothing you can do about it now. 无论你可能多么懊悔你曾经做过的事，现在也无济于事了。
However high it may be, it can’t reach the sky. 它不论有多高，也高不到天上去。
（6）whenever/no matter when引导的让步状语从句
whenever和no matter when用法相同，都作＂无论何时＂解，后者多用于非正式文体。
Whenever I’m unhappy, he cheers me up. 不管什么时候我不高兴，他都给我鼓劲儿。
例：
1._________， I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
A. However the story is amusing
B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is
D. No matter how the story is amusing
2. You should try to get a good night’s sleep ________much work you have to do.
A. however B. no matter
C. although D. whatever
例：
1. 【2020 黔西南州】The Chinese doctors went to Italy to help the patients________they knew it was dangerous.
A. because B. if C. though D. as soon as
2.【2020 无锡市】I think the coffee beans are from Brazil, ________ I’m not completely sure.
A. because B. since C. though D. whether
3.【2020 徐州市】We’re not very close friends________ we’ve known each other for a long time.
A. until B. although C. as D. if
4.【2020 江西省】It was great in the end ________ we had a terrible time at the beginning.
A. if B. unless C. when D. although
5.【2020 沈阳市】_______ Simon has done well in his studies, he still works really hard.
A. Since B. If C. Although D. Unless
6.【2020 铁岭葫芦岛】________ she is very young, she can take good care of herself.
A. If B. Unless C. Since D. Although
7.【2020 青海省】I was still feeling hungry ________ I had eaten some sandwiches.
A. so B. though C. since
8.【2020 山东日照】________ the traffic was heavy, we still got to the railway station on time.
A. As B. Unless C. When D. Although
9.【2020 安徽省】Our English teacher is nice and patient she is very strict with us.
A．if B．as C．unless D．though
10.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】Wechat Pay (微信支付) makes our life convenient. We can buy things ________ we don't take any money.
A. because B. so that C. even though
11.【2020 长沙市】________ the outbreak of COVID-19 is a terrible blow to the country, the government is trying hard to bring the situation under control.
A. Although B. If C. Unless
12.【2020 东营市】________ he is dead, Kobe Bryant’s spirit will continue to influence us.
A. If B. Until C. Because D. Although
七、原因状语从句
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。
1. because引导的原因状语从句
because表示人们不知道的直接的原因或理由，着重点在从句，其所引导的从句，为全句句意的中心所在。通常用于回答why引出的疑问句，语气最强，除特别强调外，该从句一般位于主句后面。
I didn’t go abroad with her because I couldn’t afford it.
我没有和她一起出国是因为费用太高。
Don’t scamp your work because you are pressed for time.
不要因为时间仓促而马马虎虎。
例：
I wonder whether his hearing is okay _______________ he has turned the television up very loud.
A. unless B. although
C. until D. because
2. as引导的原因状语从句
as引导的原因状语从句所引出的理由在说话人开来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉而不需要强调，从句多位于主句之前，通常可以和since换用，as语气稍弱。
As I didn’t know the way，I asked a policeman. 我不认识路，因而问警察。
As it is snowing, we shall not climb the mountain. 由于在下雪，我们不去爬山了。
例：
1.___________ you weren’t there, I left a message.
A.As B.When C.Though D.For
2. When my father goes somewhere, he always goes along with my mother, _________ he doesn’t like going alone.
A.though B.as C.while D.even if
3. since引导的原因状语从句
since表示人们已知的事实，不许强调的原因，故常译为“既然……”，通常位于主句前。since从句是次要的，重点强调主句的内容，相当于now that。
Since traveling by air is much faster, they decided to take a plane.
既然乘飞机旅行快得多，他们就决定坐飞机。
Since you won’t help me，I’ll ask someone else.你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮忙。
例：
Mark needs to learn Chinese ________his company is opening a branch in Beijing.
A. unless B. until C. although D. since
4. now(that)引导的原因状语从句
now(that)“因为；既然”，通常可以和since换用。其中that可省去，用来表示一种新的情况，再加以推论。
Now(that) you’ve passed your test you can drive on your own.你既已考试合格，就可以独自开车了。
I do remember，now (that) you mention it. 你这一提，我倒的确想起来了。
例：
1.________the term has come to an end, I am going to take a trip for relaxation.
A. Now that B. Even if C.As though D. So that
5.for也可以表示原因，
属并列连词，不是说明直接原因，而是对某种情况加以推断，表示补充说明理由。而推断的理由会因人而异。语气很弱，它引出的分句必须放在另一分句后。
He must be ill, for he is absent today.
并列连词：and,but,so,for,or...
主从连词：because...
1. —I am really proud of my group________ we’re always discussing and sharing study secrets together.
—How important the group work is!
A. until B. as if C. because D. though
2. —________ you know little about this art form, you can read a book to learn more.
— OK, I will.
A．Since B．But C．Before D．However
3.【2020 辽宁丹东】I don’t like Sun Cinema ________ it has bad service.
A. because B. although C. unless D. until
4．_____there was no obvious evidence, most people didn’t think he was guilty of the robbery.
A．When B．While C．Since D．As
中考真题
1. （2021扬州）___________we always wait for another day, fruitlessly our life will pass away.
A. Until B. If C. Although D. Whether
2. （2021南京）You need to practise speaking every day ________ you hope to improve your spoken English.
A. if B. although C. unless D. until
3. （2021宿迁）Mary shut the window just now ________ she could keep the insects out.
A. so that B. when C. till D. after
4.（2020江苏省苏州市）Check what you have written _______ you hand in your application form.
A. since B. before C. after D. while
5.（2020扬州市）Lucy held her head up like a queen________ Bill was telling his tale.
A. after B. before C. while D. until
6.（2020青岛市）In Chinese families, people won't start dinner ________ the elders take their seats.
A. after B. when C. because D. until
巩固练习
1. 【2020 黔西南州】The Chinese doctors went to Italy to help the patients________they knew it was dangerous.
A. because B. if C. though D. as soon as
2. 【2020 黑龙江哈尔滨市 】—Tim, our foreign teacher Ms. Green will go back to England next week.
—Really Let's have a party to say goodbye to her ________ she is free this weekend.
A. unless B. if C. though
3. 【2020 江苏省苏州市】Check what you have written _______ you hand in your application form.
A. since B. before C. after D. while
4. 【2020 山东滨州市 】—I think I am the shyest in my class. What should I do
—Be more active in class, ________ you can improve your ability to express yourself.
A. so that B. unless C. or D. although
5.【2020 温州市】Little Mary says good night to her parents________ she goes to bed every day.
A. if B. until C. before D. unless
6.【2020 南通市】Max got lost and was trapped in the forest for 10 hours _______ a farmer nearby found him.
A. if B. since C. until D. after
7. 【2020 天津市】You’d better tidy up your room ________ your father comes back.
A．so B．or C．before D．but
8. 【2020 江苏省淮安市】Our school basketball team will win the next match _________ they practise more.
A. if B. before C. though D. while
9.【2020 江苏泰州市】Father is too tired today. Don’t call him ________ it is necessary.
A. if B. unless C. when D. whether
10.【2020 无锡市】I think the coffee beans are from Brazil, ________ I’m not completely sure.
A. because B. since C. though D. whether
11.【2020 徐州市】We’re not very close friends________ we’ve known each other for a long time.
A. until B. although C. as D. if
12.【2020 扬州市】Lucy held her head up like a queen________ Bill was telling his tale.
A. after B. before C. while D. until
13.【2020 镇江市】My parents gave red packets to my cousin every Spring Festival___________ she got a job, because she said she was able to make money.
A. after B. when C. until D. since
14.【2020 江西省】It was great in the end ________ we had a terrible time at the beginning.
A. if B. unless C. when D. although
15.【2020 沈阳市】_______ Simon has done well in his studies, he still works really hard.
A. Since B. If C. Although D. Unless
16.【2020 铁岭葫芦岛】________ she is very young, she can take good care of herself.
A. If B. Unless C. Since D. Although
17.【2020 青海省】I was still feeling hungry ________ I had eaten some sandwiches.
A. so B. though C. since
18.【2020 青岛市】In Chinese families, people won't start dinner ________ the elders take their seats.
A. after B. when C. because D. until
19.【2020 山东日照】________ the traffic was heavy, we still got to the railway station on time.
A. As B. Unless C. When D. Although
20.【2020 山西省】Swimming is, of course, interesting. But ________ we plan to go swimming, being safe must come first.
A. though B. when C. unless
21.【2020 云南省】—Excuse me. Where is the nearest hotel
—Just go down this road ________ you see a library. It’s across from it.
A. until B. because C. however D. though
22.【2020 安徽省】Our English teacher is nice and patient she is very strict with us.
A．if B．as C．unless D．though
23.【2020 福建省】In some cities of China, you'll get fined ________ you don't walk along the crosswalk while crossing the road.
A．if B．though C．until
24.【2020 上海市】Vivian will take her daughter to the amusement park________she gets the tickets．
A．if B．until C．although D．unless
25.【2020 甘肃武威市】You will feel cold ________ you don't wear a coat.
A. so B. though C. if D. unless
26.【2020 海南省】President Xi encourages all Chinese people to plant trees_________ our country can be greener and more beautiful.
A. so that B. as long as C. even though
27.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】Wechat Pay (微信支付) makes our life convenient. We can buy things ________ we don't take any money.
A. because B. so that C. even though
28.【2020 长沙市】________ you have problems, just let me know. I'll always be there for you.
A. However B. Whatever C. Whenever
29.【2020 长沙市】________ the outbreak of COVID-19 is a terrible blow to the country, the government is trying hard to bring the situation under control.
A. Although B. If C. Unless
30.【2020 岳阳市】The movie Nezha is__________ educational ________ I want to see it again.
A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to
31.【2020 益阳市】You can surf the Internet _________ you want to know more about the 2020 World Middle School Games.
A. if B. although C. until
32.【2020 郴州市】We should protect the environment ________ we can make a better world to live in.
A so that B. even though C. as soon as
33.【2020 湖南省邵阳市】—Don't forget to protect your eyes well__________ you take online classes.
—OK. Thank you, Sir.
A．if B．though C．as if
34.【2020 襄阳市】— It’s said that Zhou Jielun will hold a concert next month in Xiangyang.
— I’m sure the fans will be happy _______ it’s true.
A. until B. although C. before D. if
35.【2020 孝感市】We will make fewer mistakes __________ we are careful enough.
A. as long as B. so that C. as far as D. even if
36.【2020 湖北省宜昌市】—What do you feel ____________ you are looking through the old pictures
—How time flies!
A. because B. though C. while D. unless
37.【2020 江苏省淮安市】—When shall we go on a picnic Saturday or Sunday
—_________ is OK. I'm free the whole weekend.
A. Neither B. All C. Either D. Both
38.【2020 辽宁丹东】I don’t like Sun Cinema ________ it has bad service.
A. because B. although C. unless D. until
39.【2020 辽宁丹东】—I'm afraid we can't work out the math problem________the teacher helps us.
—That's true. It's too difficult.
A. if B. unless C. because D. as soon as
40.【2020 东营市】________ he is dead, Kobe Bryant’s spirit will continue to influence us.
A. If B. Until C. Because D. Although
41.【2020 广西北部湾】_______ you are in trouble, you can ask the policeman for help.
A. Whenever B. Whatever C. However
42.【2020 内蒙古包头市】She says that she'll have to close the restaurant ______ business improves.
A．if B．after C．unless D．when
