宾语从句
中考考察重点：
连接词
语序
时态
考察形式：单选、完型等
宾语从句用法
1）宾语从句主要跟在动词、介词和某些形容词之后。
I wish that his dream will come true. 我希望他的梦想成真。
I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.我在想是否我们应该去看电影。
I’m afraid that I’ve made a mistake. 恐怕我犯了一个错误。
2）引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等
连接副词：when，where，why，how等
1. 连接词that引导
I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：
She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。
I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。
He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。
*引导词that不能省略的几种情况：
that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。
①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；
We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。
②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：
He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice.
他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。
③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：
I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.
对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
2.连接词whether，if引导
I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。
1. 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
I don’t know whether he will win or not.
I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not.
2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
He dosen’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。
Whether to go or stay is still a question.
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.
I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.
3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。
It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。
Success depends on whether we make enough effort.
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。
Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know.
Whether this is true, I can’t say.
Whether he is single, I don’t know.
*5. 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。
We discussed whether we should close the shop. （虚拟语气）
We discussed whether we should go there by plane.（虚拟语气）
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. （虚拟语气）
*6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work.
注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。
3. 连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引导
She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
4. 连接副词when，where，why，how等引导
Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗
I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting. 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
3）宾语从句语序
宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。
①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。
主句 宾语从句
Do you know how old Liz is 你知道兹几岁吗
I know how old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。
I don’t know how old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。
宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。
②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句
When is Ann going to Shanghai 安什么时候去上海？
→ Do you know when Ann is going to Shanghai 你知道安什么时候去上海吗？
→ I don’t know when Ann is going to Shanghai. 我不知道安什么时候去上海。
What should I do 我该怎么办？
→ Can you tell me what I should do 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？
→ Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。
Where has Ron gone 朗去了哪里？
→ Do you know where Ron has gone 你知道朗去了哪里吗？
→ I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。
③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。
Where did I put my wedding ring 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？
→ Do you know where I put my wedding ring 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？
→ I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。
What does Sue think about Lulu 苏对露露的看法是什么？
→ Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？
→ I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。
注意：
（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：
How much does this coat cost
→ I want to know how much this coat costs.
Where did you go yesterday
→ Please tell me where you went yesterday.
（2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。
What’s wrong with you 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was wrong with her.
What’s the matter 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was the matter.
What has happened to him
→ We want to know what has happened to him.
4）宾语从句时态
1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得他昨天给我一本书。
He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrrow. 他已经告诉我他要明天去纽约。
I don’t think (that) you are right.我认为你不是对的。
Please tell us where he is.请告诉我们他在哪。
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station 你能告诉我我怎么样到高铁站吗？
2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump. 他告诉我他要参加跳高。
He asked what time it was.他问现在几点。
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meeting.他告诉我他正在准备运动会。
He asked if you had written to Peter.他问你是否写过信给皮特。
He said that he would go back to the US soon.他说他要很快回美国了。
3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.我们老师说一月是一年的第一个月。
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.科学家们已经证明地球绕着太阳转。
He told me that the earth is round. 他告诉我地球是圆的。
中考真题
1.（2021·江苏宿迁市·中考真题）—Sam, can you tell me ________
—She is a nurse.
A．what Alice’s job is B．what is Alice’s job
C．what Alice’s job was D．what was Alice’s job
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——山姆，你能告诉我爱丽丝的工作是什么吗？——她是一名护士。
考查宾语从句。此处是what引导的宾语从句，从句应为陈述句语序，故排除B、D两项；根据“She is a nurse.”可知，时态是一般现在时，故排除C选项。故选A。
2.（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）―Do you know ________, Alfred
—At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon.
A．when the end-of-term concert began B．when did the end-of-term concert begin
C．when the end-of-term concert will begin D．when will the end-of-term concert begin
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——Alfred，你知道期末音乐会什么时候开始吗？——在明天下午2点钟。
考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D选项。根据答语“At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon”可知，从句应用一般将来时will do的结构，故选C。
3.（2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题）— Jim is planning a trip to Shanghai this weekend, but still doesn’t decide________.
—Why not take the high-speed railway It’s fast and comfortable.
A．who will he visit B．what he will do
C．how he’s going there D．whom is he going with
【答案】C
【详解】
句意：——吉姆计划这个周末去上海旅行，但还没决定怎么去那里。——为什么不坐高铁呢？又快又舒服。
考查宾语从句。从句是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A和D选项。根据答语“Why not take the high-speed railway”可知，是还没有决定出行的方式，用how引导宾语从句，故选C。
4.（2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题）—Amy, I wonder ________ in the street when I come to pick you up.
—Well, there’s a big tree by the front gate and it’s covered in lovely white flowers at the moment.
A．how will I find your house B．how I will find your house
C．when I will find your house D．when will I find your house
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：——艾米，我不知道我来接你的时候怎么在街上找到你的房子。——嗯，前门有棵大树，现在开满了可爱的白花。
考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除A和D选项；根据回答“there’s a big tree by the front gate and it’s covered in lovely white flowers at the moment.”可知，这里应该是问如何找到，应用how引导宾语从句，故选B。
5.（2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题）—By the way, could you tell us ________
—From the Internet.
A．why are you interested in our company
B．why you are interested in our company
C．where did you hear about our company
D．where you heard about our company
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：——顺便问一下，你能告诉我们你是在哪里听说我们公司的吗？——从互联网。
考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“From the Internet.”可知，强调出处，故选D。
6.（2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题）Tomorrow is Earth Day. Let’s discuss ________.
A．when shall we give out the leaflets B．what we can do to recycle things
C．how should we save more energy D．whether can we make our city greener
【答案】B
【详解】
句意：明天是地球日，我们来讨论一下我们做什么来回收这些东西。
考查宾语从句。when shall we give out the leaflets疑问语序；what we can do to recycle things陈述语序；how should we save more energy疑问语序；whether can we make our city greener疑问语序。根据句意，空处是宾语从句，应用陈述语序。故选B。
7.（2021辽宁大连市中考）—Daming, do you know ________
—The strange shapes of its tall rocks.
A．how large Zhangjiajie is B．what is Zhangjiajie famous for
C．how large is Zhangjiajie D．what Zhangjiajie is famous for
【答案】D【详解】句意：——大明，你知道张家界以什么闻名吗？——以它高大岩石的奇怪形状而闻名。考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除B/C选项；结合回答“The strange shapes of its tall rocks.”可知，此处问的是以什么闻名，应用what引导，故选D。
8.（2021·四川广元市·中考真题）Hi, Peter. I’ve taken some photos of Shanghai and you can see ________.
A．what it looks like B．how does it look like
C．how it looks like D．what does it look like
【答案】A
【详解】句意：嗨，Peter。我拍了一些上海的照片，你可以看看它是什么样子的。
考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D选项。how是关系副词，不能与like一起连用，排除C，故选A。
9.（2021·辽宁营口市·中考真题）—Are you looking forward to the picnic tomorrow I’m wondering ________.
—Let’s make it at half past 6.
A．where will we have a picnic
B．what we will do and see
C．how will we climb up the mountain
D．when we will meet at the school gate
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你期待明天的野餐吗？我想知道我们什么时候在学校门口见面。——我们定在六点半吧。
考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除A/C选项；结合回答“Let’s make it at half past 6.”可知，此处是问见面的时间，应用when提问，故选D。
10.（2021广西中考）—Do you know ________
—Yes. On May 15th, 2021.
A．why Tianwen 1 was sent into space B．when Tianwen 1 landed on the red planet
C．what Tianwen 1 was named after D．how long Tianwen 1 has worked there
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道天问1号是什么时候登陆这颗红色星球的吗？——知道。在2021年5月15日。
考查宾语从句。根据答语“On May 15th, 2021”可知，是询问时间，应用when引导宾语从句，故选B。
11.（2021四川凉山彝族自治州中考）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________
—There is a bookstore on the third floor. You can buy it there.
A．when I can buy the book Harry Potter B．how I can get to the bookstore
C．if there’s a bookstore near here D．where I can buy the book Harry Potter
D【详解】句意：——抱歉打扰，你能告诉我我在哪里可以买到《哈利波特》这本书么 ——第三层楼有一家书店。你可以在那里买一本。
考查宾语从句。根据“There is a bookstore on the third floor”可知宾语从句表达在哪里买书，从句的引导词是“where”。故选D。
12.（2021四川达州市中考）—Could you tell me ________ kind of movies you like best
—Umm…. I like the movies ________ make me laugh.
A．what; which B．what; what C．which; what D．which; where
A【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你最喜欢哪一类电影吗？——嗯……我喜欢让我笑的电影。
考查宾语从句连接词及定语从句关系词。根据“... kind of movies”可知此处用what kind表示“什么种类”；the movies后用定语从句作后置定语，先行词“the movies”指物， 此处用which引导定语从句。故选A。
巩固练习
1.【2020 辽宁丹东】—I wonder ________.
—Of course it is.
A. that mooncakes are delicious B. whether June is a good time to visit Dandong
C. when the band starts playing this evening D. if the bookstore opens today
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我想知道是否六月份是游玩丹东的好时机。——当然是的。考查宾语从句。wonder表示“想知道”，表达不确定，后面是宾语从句。根据“it is”可知宾语从句的主语和谓语是单数名词和be动词。A选项that mooncakes are delicious的引导词不符合。C和D选项与回答“it is” 不一致。B选项“whether June is a good time to visit Dandong” 六月份是否是游玩丹东的好时机，肯定回答用it is。故选B。
2.【2020 东营市】— I wonder_________.
— Well, I think Qingfeng Lake Park is a good choice.
A. what I shall sell at my street stall（货摊）
B. whom I could open a street stall with
C. if I can open a street stall after work
D. which is the best place for a street stall
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——我想知道哪一个地方最适合摆摊。——嗯，我觉得清风湖公园是个不错的选择。考查宾语从句。what I shall sell at my street stall我要在街边摊位上卖什么；whom I could open a street stall with我可以和谁摆摊；if I can open a street stall after work我下班后是否可以摆摊；which is the best place for a street stall哪个地方最适合摆摊。根据答语“I think Qingfeng Lake Park is a good choice”可知，清风湖公园是一个不错的选择，故问句询问的应是哪一个地方适合摆摊，故应用which引导宾语从句。故选D。
3.【2020 山西省】—In May, President Xi Jinping spoke highly of the great changes of the Fenhe River in Taiyuan. I wonder ________.
—Everyone should play a part in making it cleaner and clearer.
A. which places he visited B. how we can protect the river C. why such changes have taken place
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——五月，习近平主席高度赞扬了太原汾河的巨大变化。我想知道我们能如何保护这条河。——每个人都应该在使它更干净和更清洁方面发挥作用。考查宾语从句。which places he visited他参观了哪些地方；how we can protect the river我们该如何保护这条河；why such changes have taken place为什么发生如此么多的变化。根据句意及空前的I wonder可知，空处应该是宾语从句；根据回答“Everyone should play a part in making it cleaner and clearer. 每个人都应该在使它更干净和更清晰方面发挥作用”可知，此处是问如何保护这条河，引导词用how。故选B。
4.【2020 云南省】— Could you please tell me ________ about the CCTV Host Competition
—Let’s check it on computers.
A. how can I get the information B. how I can get the information
C. why can I get the information D. why I can get the information
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我怎样才能了解中央电视台主持人大赛的信息么？——让我们在电脑上核查信息吧。考查宾语从句。tell me后面是宾语从句，用陈述句的语序（主语+谓语动词），A和C的语序错误，排除A和C选项。根据“check it on computers”可知询问的是得到信息的方式，用how引导宾语从句。故选B。
5.【2020 昆明市】—Jack will have a birthday party tomorrow. Do you know ________
—I’m not sure. Let's call Cathy and she may know something about it.
A. how can I get there B. what gift he prefers
C. why didn't he invite me D. where the party was held
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——杰克明天将举行一个生日聚会。你知道他喜欢什么礼物吗？——我不确定。我们打电话给凯茜，她可能知道一些事情。考查宾语从句。how can I get there我们怎样到那儿，疑问句语序，一般现在时；what gift he prefers他喜欢什么礼物，陈述句语序，一般现在时；why didn't he invite me他为什么没有邀请我，疑问句语序，一般过去时；where the party was held在哪儿举行聚会，陈述句语序，一般过去时。问句为宾语从句，应为陈述句语序，故排除A、C两项。根据问句中will have可知，聚会还没有开始，故排除D选项。综上所述，B选项的语序和时态均正确。故选B。
6.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】—Did you have a good time in Sanya
—Yes, come and look. My photos will show you ________.
A. what the trip was like B. where we will go C. how we went there
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你在三亚玩得愉快吗？——是的，过来看一看。我的照片会告诉你旅行是什么样的。
考查宾语从句。what the trip was like旅行是什么样的；when we will there我将什么时候去那里；how we went there我们将如何去那里。根据题干中“My photos will show you ________.”可知这里是宾语从句，再由问句“Did you have a good time in Sanya ”可知去三亚的旅行已经发生过了，故从句用一般过去时，排除B；出示照片是为了告诉对方旅行是什么样的，排除C。故选A。
7.【2020 江苏省淮安市】—Excuse me, would you please tell me _________
—Certainly. It's about ten minutes' walk.
A. where is the nearest shop B. how I can get to the nearest shop
C. how far the nearest shop is D. how soon can I reach the nearest shop
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我最近的商店有多远吗？——当然，大约十分钟的路程。
考查宾语从句。where is the nearest shop最近的商店在哪里，是疑问语序；how I can get to the nearest shop我怎样去最近的商店；how far the nearest shop is最近的商店有多远；how soon can I reach the nearest shop我多快能到达最近的商店，是疑问语序。根据句子结构可知，这是一个宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，先排除A和D；根据下面的回答“It’s about ten minutes’ walk”可知，这里问的是距离，故选C。
8.【2020 南通市】—Mr Li, could you please tell me ________
—Sorry, I’m not sure. You can ask Miss Xiao.
A. where was Chinese Kung fu taught B. how often is the dragon boat race held
C. when the ancient Silk Road started D. how much is the Chinese painting there
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——李先生，你可以告诉我古代丝绸之路什么时候开始的吗？——抱歉，我不确定。你可以询问肖小姐。考查宾语从句。where was Chinese Kung fu taught在哪里教中国功夫，疑问句语序；how often is the dragon boat race held龙舟比赛多久举办一次，疑问句语序；when the ancient Sild Road started古代丝绸之路什么时候开始的，陈述句语序；how much is the Chinese painting there那里的中国画多钱，疑问句语序。根据句子结构可知，此句是一个宾语从句，从句要用陈述句语序，故选C。
9.【2020 南通市】—I heard NBA star Kobe Bryant’s private helicopter (直升机) crashed. I wonder________.
—All the nine people died including his 13-year-old daughter, Gianna.
A. where the accident happened B. that his daughter died too
C. what was the weather like that day D. if there were any survivors in the accident
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——我听说NBA球星科比的私人直升机坠毁了。我想知道事故中是否有生还者。——包括他13岁的女儿吉安娜在内的9人全部死亡。考查宾语从句。A：事故发生在哪里；B：他的女儿也死了；C：那天的天气怎么样；D：事故中是否有生还者。根据答语“All the nine people died including his 13-year-old daughter, Gianna.”可知，答语表示“包括他13岁的女儿吉安娜在内的9人全部死亡”，所以前句应该在问事故中是否有幸存者。故选D。
10.【2020 无锡市】—You promised that you ________ me to Disneyland, Dad.
—Well, I did, dear. But we have to change the plan.
A. will take B. would take C. has taken D. had taken
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你答应过要带我去迪斯尼乐园的，爸爸。 ——嗯，是的，亲爱的。 但我们必须改变计划。考查宾语从句。will take 动词的一般将来形式；would take 动词过去将来形式；has taken 动词现在完成形式；had taken动词过去完成形式。根据空前的you promise可知，主句是一般过去式，所以从句为过去的某种时态；根据回答“Well, I did, dear. But we have to change the plan.”可知，事情还没有发生，所以从句为将来时态，结合主句为一般过去时可知，从句为过去将来时态。故选B。
11.【2020 无锡市】I have to say that’s a wonderful plan. But I wonder ________. Next month Or next year We don’t have that much time, I’m afraid.
A. how soon it will be carried out B. how long it will be carried out
C. how soon will it be carried out D. how long will it be carried out
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我得说那是个很棒的计划。但我想知道多久之后才能实施。下个月 还是明年 恐怕我们没有那么多时间了。考查宾语从句。how long意为“多久、多长时间”，主要是对一段时间进行提问， how soon表示 “不久之后”，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间提问，根据句中的“Next month Or next year ”，可知是问多久之后，所以应用how soon引导宾语从句；又因为宾语从句要用陈述句语序：疑问词+主语+谓语+其他成分，故选A。
12.【2020 徐州市】Tom became interested in books at a very young age. He read every book he could find and bought books of all kinds. Today Tom has a big collection of books. His favourite books are mystery novels and books about detective stories.
The story mainly tells us ________.
A. why Tom does the reading B. how Tom learned to read
C. how much Tom likes to read D. what Tom’s favourite books are
【答案】C
【解析】句意：这个故事主要告诉我们汤姆是有多么喜欢读书。本题考查宾语从句及段落大意。why Tom does the reading 汤姆为什么读书；how Tom learned to read汤姆如何学会读书；how much Tom likes to read汤姆有多么喜欢阅读；what Tom’s favourite books are汤姆最喜欢的书是什么。根据宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，可排除A；根据“He read every book he could find and bought books of all kinds. Today Tom has a big collection of books.”可知，他读了他能找到的每一本书，买了各种各样的书。今天汤姆收集了很多书。因此判断这个故事主要介绍汤姆有多么喜欢读书。故选C。
13.【2020 盐城市】—Mr Wu, can you tell me
—We get together and eat moon cakes.
A. why do you like the Chinese New Year best
B. how do you celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
C. how Chinese people celebrate the Chinese New Year
D. what Chinese people usually do on the Mid-Autumn Festival
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——吴先生，你能告诉我中国人在中秋节通常做什么吗 ——我们聚在一起吃月饼。
考查宾语从句。根据can you tell me 可知设空处要用宾语从句，作动词tell的宾语；宾语从句中应该用陈述语序，选项A、B都是疑问语序，所以排除。再根据后句句意“我们聚在一起吃月饼。”可知，前句是问“吴先生，你能告诉我中国人在中秋节通常做什么吗？”所以连接词用what，C选项语意不通；故答案选D。
14.【2020 扬州市】— I can’t find you.
—I don’t know________ . I’m on the left side of a tree.
A. who I am B. who am I C. where I am D. where am I
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我找不到你。——我不知道我在哪里，我在一棵树的左边。考查宾语从句。根据I don’t know_____,结合选项，可知本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，B、D选项是疑问语序，所以排除；再根据后半句I’m on the left side of a tree. 我在一棵树的左边，可知此处表达的是“我不知道我在哪里”，用where引导宾语从句，排除A选项；故答案选C。
15.【2020 镇江市】— There will be a film about the traditional Chinese musical instruments.
— That sounds cool. Could you please tell me ___________
A. that you will see it B. how much is the ticket
C. when it will be shown D. where it was shown
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——将有一部关于中国传统乐器的电影要上映了。 ——听起来很不错。你能告诉我什么时候放映吗？考查宾语从句。此题可用排除法。根据上文There will be可知，这部电影还未上映，故此处宾语从句关于其的叙述应用一般将来时，D选项可排除。宾语从句应用陈述句语序，B选项可排除。空格后 提示，宾语从句应该是一个问句，A选项可排除。故选C。
16.【2020 黄冈市】—What did Lily say to you just now, Emma
—She wanted to know
A. what will I do this Sunday B. who did I play volleyball with just now
C. why I am late for class this morning D. if I could go shopping with her tonight
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——莉莉刚才对你说了什么，爱玛？ ——她想知道我今晚能不能和她一起去购物。
考查宾语从句。根据英语语法，宾语从句应用陈述句语序，故A、B选项可排除。根据答句She wanted to know以及宾语从句“主过从必过”原则，宾语从句应用一般过去时，故选D。
17.【2020 襄阳市】— Do you know ___________
— Yes. They’ll go there by train at 8:30 tomorrow morning.
A. how would they leave for Beijing
B. how will they leave for Beijing
C. how they would leave for Beijing
D how they will leave for Beijing
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你知道他们什么时候出发去北京吗？——知道。他们明天早上8:30乘火车去那里。
考查宾语从句。how would they leave for Beijing过去将来时，疑问句语序；how will they leave for Beijing一般将来时，疑问句语序；how they would leave for Beijing过去将来时，陈述句语序；how they will leave for Beijing一般将来时，陈述句语序。根据答语中“at 8:30 tomorrow morning”可知，问句时态应为一般将来时，且问句为宾语从句，应为陈述句语序。故选D。
18.【2020 四川攀枝花】We're not sure _____________there'll be_____________ or not tomorrow.
A．if; rains B．if; rainy C．whether; rain D．whether; raining
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们不确定明天是否有雨。考查宾语从句和there be句型。if是否；whether是否；rains动词三单；rainy形容词；rain动词原形或不可数名词；raining动词现在分词。第一空引导宾语从句，表“是否”，句中有or not，只能用whether，排除AB；第二空是there be句型的主语，用名词，故选C。
19. 【2020 贵州黔东南州中考】—Would you like to go hiking if it ________ fine this Saturday
—I'd love to. But nobody knows if it________.
A. is; will rain B. is; rains C. will be; will rain D. will be; rains
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——如果本周六不下雨，你想去远足吗？——我想去。但是没人知道是否会下雨。考查if引导的条件状语从句的“主将从现”以及if引导的宾语从句。分析第一处可知，此处表示“如果”，时间状语是this Saturday表将来，所以应满足if引导的条件状语从句的“主将从现”，此处使用一般现在时，排除C和D。分析第二处可知，此处表示“是否”，是if引导的宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，所以应满足“主现从不限”原则，又因为时间状语是this Saturday表将来，所以使用一般将来时。故选A。
20. 【2020 重庆市B卷中考】—Dear friends, do you know________
—By working together!
A. when we can make the Chinese Dream come true
B. when can we make the Chinese Dream come true
C. how we can make the Chinese Dream come true
D. how can we make the Chinese Dream come true
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——亲爱的朋友们，你们知道我们怎样才能实现中国梦吗？——通过共同合作。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句遵循陈述句语序，故排除B、D，这两个是疑问句语序；根据回答“By working together”可知上一句是对方式进行提问，所以用how，故选C。宾语从句
中考考察重点：
连接词
语序
时态
考察形式：单选、完型等
宾语从句用法
1）宾语从句主要跟在动词、介词和某些形容词之后。
I wish that his dream will come true. 我希望他的梦想成真。
I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.我在想是否我们应该去看电影。
I’m afraid that I’ve made a mistake. 恐怕我犯了一个错误。
2）引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等
连接副词：when，where，why，how等
1. 连接词that引导
I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略：
She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。
I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。
I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。
He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。
*引导词that不能省略的几种情况：
that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。
①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略；
We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。
②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如：
He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice.
他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。
③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：
I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.
对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。
2.连接词whether，if引导
I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。
1. 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。
I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.
Let me know whether you can come or not.
I don’t know whether he will win or not.
I will write to you whether or not I can come / whether I can come or not.
2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。
He dosen’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。
Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。
Whether to go or stay is still a question.
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.
I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.
3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。
It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。
Success depends on whether we make enough effort.
I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。
Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know.
Whether this is true, I can’t say.
Whether he is single, I don’t know.
*5. 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。
We discussed whether we should close the shop. （虚拟语气）
We discussed whether we should go there by plane.（虚拟语气）
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. （虚拟语气）
*6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。
He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work.
注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。
3. 连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引导
She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
4. 连接副词when，where，why，how等引导
Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗
I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting. 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
3）宾语从句语序
宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。
①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。
主句 宾语从句
Do you know how old Liz is 你知道兹几岁吗
I know how old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。
I don’t know how old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。
宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。
②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句
When is Ann going to Shanghai 安什么时候去上海？
→ Do you know when Ann is going to Shanghai 你知道安什么时候去上海吗？
→ I don’t know when Ann is going to Shanghai. 我不知道安什么时候去上海。
What should I do 我该怎么办？
→ Can you tell me what I should do 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？
→ Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。
Where has Ron gone 朗去了哪里？
→ Do you know where Ron has gone 你知道朗去了哪里吗？
→ I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。
③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。
Where did I put my wedding ring 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？
→ Do you know where I put my wedding ring 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？
→ I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。
What does Sue think about Lulu 苏对露露的看法是什么？
→ Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？
→ I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。
注意：
（1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子：
How much does this coat cost
→ I want to know how much this coat costs.
Where did you go yesterday
→ Please tell me where you went yesterday.
（2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。
What’s wrong with you 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was wrong with her.
What’s the matter 怎么了？
→ He asked the girl what was the matter.
What has happened to him
→ We want to know what has happened to him.
4）宾语从句时态
1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 我记得他昨天给我一本书。
He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrrow. 他已经告诉我他要明天去纽约。
I don’t think (that) you are right.我认为你不是对的。
Please tell us where he is.请告诉我们他在哪。
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station 你能告诉我我怎么样到高铁站吗？
2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。
He told me that he would take part in the high jump. 他告诉我他要参加跳高。
He asked what time it was.他问现在几点。
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meeting.他告诉我他正在准备运动会。
He asked if you had written to Peter.他问你是否写过信给皮特。
He said that he would go back to the US soon.他说他要很快回美国了。
3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.我们老师说一月是一年的第一个月。
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.科学家们已经证明地球绕着太阳转。
He told me that the earth is round. 他告诉我地球是圆的。
中考真题
1.（2021·江苏宿迁市·中考真题）—Sam, can you tell me ________
—She is a nurse.
A．what Alice’s job is B．what is Alice’s job
C．what Alice’s job was D．what was Alice’s job
2.（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）―Do you know ________, Alfred
—At 2:00 tomorrow afternoon.
A．when the end-of-term concert began B．when did the end-of-term concert begin
C．when the end-of-term concert will begin D．when will the end-of-term concert begin
3.（2021·江苏盐城市·中考真题）— Jim is planning a trip to Shanghai this weekend, but still doesn’t decide________.
—Why not take the high-speed railway It’s fast and comfortable.
A．who will he visit B．what he will do
C．how he’s going there D．whom is he going with
4.（2021·江苏苏州市·中考真题）—Amy, I wonder ________ in the street when I come to pick you up.
—Well, there’s a big tree by the front gate and it’s covered in lovely white flowers at the moment.
A．how will I find your house B．how I will find your house
C．when I will find your house D．when will I find your house
5.（2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题）—By the way, could you tell us ________
—From the Internet.
A．why are you interested in our company
B．why you are interested in our company
C．where did you hear about our company
D．where you heard about our company
6.（2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题）Tomorrow is Earth Day. Let’s discuss ________.
A．when shall we give out the leaflets B．what we can do to recycle things
C．how should we save more energy D．whether can we make our city greener
7.（2021辽宁大连市中考）—Daming, do you know ________
—The strange shapes of its tall rocks.
A．how large Zhangjiajie is B．what is Zhangjiajie famous for
C．how large is Zhangjiajie D．what Zhangjiajie is famous for
8.（2021·四川广元市·中考真题）Hi, Peter. I’ve taken some photos of Shanghai and you can see ________.
A．what it looks like B．how does it look like
C．how it looks like D．what does it look like
9.（2021·辽宁营口市·中考真题）—Are you looking forward to the picnic tomorrow I’m wondering ________.
—Let’s make it at half past 6.
A．where will we have a picnic
B．what we will do and see
C．how will we climb up the mountain
D．when we will meet at the school gate
10.（2021广西中考）—Do you know ________
—Yes. On May 15th, 2021.
A．why Tianwen 1 was sent into space B．when Tianwen 1 landed on the red planet
C．what Tianwen 1 was named after D．how long Tianwen 1 has worked there
11.（2021四川凉山彝族自治州中考）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________
—There is a bookstore on the third floor. You can buy it there.
A．when I can buy the book Harry Potter B．how I can get to the bookstore
C．if there’s a bookstore near here D．where I can buy the book Harry Potter
12.（2021四川达州市中考）—Could you tell me ________ kind of movies you like best
—Umm…. I like the movies ________ make me laugh.
A．what; which B．what; what C．which; what D．which; where
巩固练习
1.【2020 辽宁丹东】—I wonder ________.
—Of course it is.
A. that mooncakes are delicious B. whether June is a good time to visit Dandong
C. when the band starts playing this evening D. if the bookstore opens today
2.【2020 东营市】— I wonder_________.
— Well, I think Qingfeng Lake Park is a good choice.
A. what I shall sell at my street stall（货摊）
B. whom I could open a street stall with
C. if I can open a street stall after work
D. which is the best place for a street stall
3.【2020 山西省】—In May, President Xi Jinping spoke highly of the great changes of the Fenhe River in Taiyuan. I wonder ________.
—Everyone should play a part in making it cleaner and clearer.
A. which places he visited B. how we can protect the river C. why such changes have taken place
4.【2020 云南省】— Could you please tell me ________ about the CCTV Host Competition
—Let’s check it on computers.
A. how can I get the information B. how I can get the information
C. why can I get the information D. why I can get the information
5.【2020 昆明市】—Jack will have a birthday party tomorrow. Do you know ________
—I’m not sure. Let's call Cathy and she may know something about it.
A. how can I get there B. what gift he prefers
C. why didn't he invite me D. where the party was held
6.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】—Did you have a good time in Sanya
—Yes, come and look. My photos will show you ________.
A. what the trip was like B. where we will go C. how we went there
7.【2020 江苏省淮安市】—Excuse me, would you please tell me _________
—Certainly. It's about ten minutes' walk.
A. where is the nearest shop B. how I can get to the nearest shop
C. how far the nearest shop is D. how soon can I reach the nearest shop
8.【2020 南通市】—Mr Li, could you please tell me ________
—Sorry, I’m not sure. You can ask Miss Xiao.
A. where was Chinese Kung fu taught B. how often is the dragon boat race held
C. when the ancient Silk Road started D. how much is the Chinese painting there
9.【2020 南通市】—I heard NBA star Kobe Bryant’s private helicopter (直升机) crashed. I wonder________.
—All the nine people died including his 13-year-old daughter, Gianna.
A. where the accident happened B. that his daughter died too
C. what was the weather like that day D. if there were any survivors in the accident
10.【2020 无锡市】—You promised that you ________ me to Disneyland, Dad.
—Well, I did, dear. But we have to change the plan.
A. will take B. would take C. has taken D. had taken
11.【2020 无锡市】I have to say that’s a wonderful plan. But I wonder ________. Next month Or next year We don’t have that much time, I’m afraid.
A. how soon it will be carried out B. how long it will be carried out
C. how soon will it be carried out D. how long will it be carried out
12.【2020 徐州市】Tom became interested in books at a very young age. He read every book he could find and bought books of all kinds. Today Tom has a big collection of books. His favourite books are mystery novels and books about detective stories.
The story mainly tells us ________.
A. why Tom does the reading B. how Tom learned to read
C. how much Tom likes to read D. what Tom’s favourite books are
13.【2020 盐城市】—Mr Wu, can you tell me
—We get together and eat moon cakes.
A. why do you like the Chinese New Year best
B. how do you celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
C. how Chinese people celebrate the Chinese New Year
D. what Chinese people usually do on the Mid-Autumn Festival
14.【2020 扬州市】— I can’t find you.
—I don’t know________ . I’m on the left side of a tree.
A. who I am B. who am I C. where I am D. where am I
15.【2020 镇江市】— There will be a film about the traditional Chinese musical instruments.
— That sounds cool. Could you please tell me ___________
A. that you will see it B. how much is the ticket
C. when it will be shown D. where it was shown
16.【2020 黄冈市】—What did Lily say to you just now, Emma
—She wanted to know
A. what will I do this Sunday B. who did I play volleyball with just now
C. why I am late for class this morning D. if I could go shopping with her tonight
17.【2020 襄阳市】— Do you know ___________
— Yes. They’ll go there by train at 8:30 tomorrow morning.
A. how would they leave for Beijing
B. how will they leave for Beijing
C. how they would leave for Beijing
D how they will leave for Beijing
18.【2020 四川攀枝花】We're not sure _____________there'll be_____________ or not tomorrow.
A．if; rains B．if; rainy C．whether; rain D．whether; raining
19. 【2020 贵州黔东南州中考】—Would you like to go hiking if it ________ fine this Saturday
—I'd love to. But nobody knows if it________.
A. is; will rain B. is; rains C. will be; will rain D. will be; rains
20. 【2020 重庆市B卷中考】—Dear friends, do you know________
—By working together!
A. when we can make the Chinese Dream come true
B. when can we make the Chinese Dream come true
C. how we can make the Chinese Dream come true
D. how can we make the Chinese Dream come true
