代词
中考考察重点:
1、人称代词; 2、物主代词; 3、反身代词; 4、指示代词;
5、不定代词; 6、相互代词; 7、疑问代词。
考察形式:单选、词汇
一、人称代词
1. 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。
2. 分类:人称代词主格和人称代词宾格
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
3. 用法
(1)通常主格作主语(在句首,动词前)。
He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
(2)宾格作宾语(在动词或介词后)或作表语(在be动词后)。
Can you understand me 你能理解我吗?(作宾语)
—Who is knocking at the door 谁在敲门?
—It’s me. 是我。(作表语)
(3)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。
(4)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它代表主语时也是如此。
—I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。
—Me too. 我也喜欢。
(5)人称代词并列时的排列顺序。
①人称代词单数并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称,即you, he/she/it and I(若是承担错误责任,第一人称应当先)。
It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。
②复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称,即we, you and they。
中考真题
1.(2021湖南邵阳市中考)—I hear Chang’e -5 brought some samples from the Moon to the Earth last year.
—Yes. It makes ________ proud.
A.we B.us C.our
2.(2018江苏扬州中考)----Who is the lady in red
----Miss Gao. She teaches English.
A. we B. us C. our D. ours
二、物主代词
1. 定义:物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,用来说明某物属于某人或与某人有关。
2. 分类:
物主代词 单数 复数
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
形容词性物主代词 my your his/her/its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his/her/ its ours yours theirs
含义 我的 你的 他的/她的/它的 我们的 你们的 他(她,它)们的
3. 用法
(1)形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能放在名词前作定语,后面一定要跟一个名词。
my book,your name,their hobbies
①放在被拥有的物体名词前,指明事物的归属者。
My book is on the desk. 我的书在桌子上。
②放在被拥有的事物名词前,表示事物与某人有某种联系。
He is my younger brother. 他是我的弟弟。
③用于描述说话人对自己所做的事情或某人对某人自己所做的事情。
She is brushing her teeth. 她正在刷牙。
④放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的施行者。
not long after our arrival 在我们到达后不久
⑤放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的承受者。
Jim and his supporters 吉姆和他的支持者们
⑥用于头衔
Your Majesty(陛下)
Would Your Highness like a cup of tea 阁下想要一杯茶吗?
注意
a. 形容词性物主代词的选择应根据事物的所有者的"人称"(第一、二、三人称)和"数"(单、复数)来确定。
b. 形容词性物主代词通常修饰有生命的事物,如 "the door"或"the door of the room"比"its door"更常见。
c. 表示某物属于某人或某物,或者与某人某物有关可以用名词所有格或"of +介词短语"表示。
(2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,后面不能加名词,可单独使用,可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。相当于"形容词性物主代词+名词"。
①用于说明某事物与刚提及的事物类别相同,但属于其他人。
Sarah’ s house is much bigger than ours. 萨拉的房子比我们的房子要大很多。
②常用于"of"引出的介词短语,表示所谈及的是群体中的一员。
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友(表示许多朋友中的一个)
中考真题
1.(2021北京中考)Mary’s birthday is coming. We’ve decided to make a cake for ________.
A.him B.her C.you D.them
2.(2021黑龙江绥化市中考)This pair of socks _________ soft. I’ll take _________.
A.feel; it B.feels; it C.feels; them
3.(2021江苏连云港市中考)Miss Li, a humorous teacher, taught ________ maths last term.
A.us B.our C.ours D.ourselves
4.(2021四川遂宁市中考)—I bought a skirt for ________. I hope you like ________.
—Thank you, mom. I can’t wait to try it on.
A.you; one B.you; it C.me; one D.me, it
5.(2021四川凉山彝族自治州中考)—The earth, the only home of ________, is now in danger.
—That’s for sure. It’s our duty to save it.
A.yours B.hers C.his D.ours
6.(2021江苏南京市中考)Amy hid under ________ desk in a hurry when the earthquake happened.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
7.(2019扬州中考) —Annie, _____ books are all over the place.
—Sorry, mum. I’ll put them away.
A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself
三、 反身代词
英语中用来表示"我自己""你自己""他自己""我们自己""你们自己""他/她/它们自己"等意义的代词称为反身代词。反身代词可以在句中作宾语、表语和同位语。
1. 作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。
He enjoyed himself in the wild. 他在野外玩得很开心。
2. 作表语。
It doesn’ t matter. I’ ll be myself soon. 不要紧。我很快就会恢复好。
3. 作主语或宾语的同位语,意为"亲自"。主要用于加强语气,可紧跟在被修饰名词后或句末。
She herself went to the school. (=She went to the school herself.)(作主语同位语)
You should ask the teacher himself. (作宾语同位语)
4. 常用短语:by oneself 亲自;独自
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
teach oneself 自学
反身代词用法口诀反身代词莫乱用,能在句中宾、表、同;主语、定语不能用,固定搭配要记清。单数反身代词:myself, yourself, himself, itself;复数反身代词:ourselves, yourselves, themselves。
— Take care while walking along the wet hill path (小径). You may fall and hurt ________.
— OK. Thanks for reminding me.
A. it B. you C. yourself D. yourselves
中考真题
1.(2021青海中考)Each child can only hand in one piece of work ______ in the drawing competition.
A.himself B.herself C.themselves
2.(2021湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州中考)Once robots can think for ______, problems may appear.
A.themselves B.them C.they
3.(2021湖南怀化市中考)No one taught the old lady how to use WeChat. She learned it by ______.
A.yourself B.myself C.herself
4.(2021江苏南京市中考)Amy hid under ______ desk in a hurry when the earthquake happened.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
5.(2021云南昆明市中考)Tai chi, part of Chinese culture, is an exercise which helps people improve ______ in health.
A.themselves B.ourselves C.itself D.myself
四、指示代词
1. 定义:表示"这个""那个""这些""那些"等指示概念的代词叫指示代词。
指示代词 用法 例句
this(these) 用于指时间或空间上较近的事物 Is this your pen These are my books.
that(those) 用于指时间或空间上较远的事物 That dictionary is Mary’ s.Are those your books
2. 用法
指示代词可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
(1)that 和those代替前面提到的东西,以避免重复这个名词。
My seat is next to that of the mayor.(that=mayor’ s seat)我的座位在市长座位旁边。
(2)this 或 that用来回指上文提到的事情,但若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用 this。
—She is a beautiful girl. 她是一个漂亮的女孩。
—Who said that 那是谁说的?
I want to know this: Is she beautiful 我想知道这一点:她美吗
(3)在打电话时,通常用 this 指自己,用that指对方:
Hello. This is Jim. Is that John 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?
(4)指示代词this,that和these在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人。而those作宾语后接定语从句时可以指人。而且只有that、those后面可以跟定语从句。
The twins are so alike that even their father finds________ hard to tell them from each other.
A. it B. him C. them
五、不定代词
不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名称和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语等。
1. 不定代词的句法功能
不定代词 成分
all,both,each,neither,either,much,little,many,few,other,some,any,one 在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语
everyone,everybody,everything,someone, somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,no one,nobody,nothing,none 在句中可作主语、宾语和表语
every,no 在句中只能作定语
不定代词的基本语法
(1)some、any的用法
用法 例句
some和any作定语时既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词 Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 袋子里的一些大米已经卖出去了。(修饰不可数名词)Do you have any brothers or sisters 你有兄弟姐妹吗?(修饰可数名词)
some多用于肯定句;在表示请求、劝告、邀请、或不希望对方拒绝的疑问句中用some而不用any Some of the boys are good at swimming. 一些男孩擅长游泳。Will you give me some water 请给我一些水好吗
any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中;用于肯定句中,表示"任何" If you have any questions, please ask me. 如果你有问题,可以问我。Any child needs love. 任何一个孩子都需要爱。
some和any可以用来修饰单数名词,some表示"某一";any表示"任何的" Any student can answer this question. 任何学生都可以回答这个问题。Someday Chinese people will fly to the moon. 某天中国人将会飞上月球。
(2)few,a few,little,a little的用法
用法 用于可数名词 用于不可数名词
表示肯定概念 a few虽少,但有几个 a little虽少,但有一点
表示否定概念 few不多,几乎没有 little不多,没有什么
1. - Which colour do you like, red or blue
- _______________. I like green.
Either B. Both C. Neither D. None
2. ________ hopes for a sweet home as it provides us with warmth and trust.
A. None B. Everyone C. Nobody D. Somebody
3. Bryan will not want to have _______ to do with horses in the future.
A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
(3)other,the other,others,the others,another的用法
用法 例句
other 某一个,另一些,其他的。不能单独使用,后面要跟单数名词或复数名词,泛指别的 Where are his other books 他的另一些书在哪里
others 其他。必须单独使用,泛指别人或别的东西,常用于"some... others"结构 Some are red, and others are black. 一些是红的,另一些是黑的。
the other 两个中的另一个,剩下的一个。特指,常用于"one... the other..."结构 She has two sisters — one is a nurse, and the other is a teacher. 她有两个姐姐,一个是护士,另一个是老师。
the others 其他全部,其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部 In our class only Tommy is English, and the others are Chinese. 我们班除了汤米是英国人外,其他都是中国人。
another 另一个(指多个中的任何一个),可单独用,也可接单数名词或名词复数,表示"另几个,再几个" You can see another ship in the sea, can’ t you 你能看见另一艘船在海里,不是吗
(4)all,both,none,either,neither的用法
用法 例句
all ①侧重指三者或三者以上"都,全部,一切",在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语;all于否定句时,表示部分否定;表示全部否定使用none。 All the students are on the playground. 所有的学生都在操场上。Not all books are good.(= All books are not good. 不是所有的书都是好书。
【知识拓展】all作主语,指代人时,谓语动词使用复数形式,指代事情时,谓语动词一般使用单数;作同位语时,all在句中的位置与both相同。All goes very well. 一切进展非常顺利。
both ①表示"两者都",可以作主语、宾语、定语和同位语;②用于否定句表示部分否定,全部否定使用neither;③both... and"两者都,既……又……"。 They both are not workers. 他们两个不都是工人。Both Carl and Jeff are good at playing football. 卡尔和杰夫都擅长踢足球
【知识拓展】both作主语时,谓语动词使用复数形式;作主语的同位语时,位于be动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前。Both of them have been to Beijing. 他们两人都去过北京。They all enjoyed it. 他们都喜欢它。
none ①意为"没有人,没有一个,一点儿也没有,作主语和宾语,不作定语;②none指代可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可,而指代不可数名词时,谓语动词必须使用单数形式。 None of the books are mine. 这些书都不是我的。None of the rubbish has been removed. 垃圾一点也没运走。
【易错警示】none与no one的区别:none既可指人,又可指物,而no one意为"没有人",只能用于指人。作主语时,谓语用单数;none可以与of搭配,而no one无此用法;none用于回答how many或how much引出的特殊疑问句,而no one用于回答who引出的特殊疑问句。—How many students are there in the classroom now 现在教室里有多少学生?—None. 没有一个人。—Who is in the classroom now 现在谁在教室呢?—No one. 没人。
either ①表示"两者中任何一个",可作主语、宾语和定语;②either作主语时,谓语动词应使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。 You can park on either side of the street. 你在街道的哪边停车都可以。The two guests have arrived and either is welcome. 两个客人都到了,而且都受欢迎。
【知识拓展】(1)either可用于搭配"either... or...",意为"或者……或者……;要么……要么……"。Either he or I am to blame. 或者他或者我将受到责备。(2)either可作为副词,意为"也",用于否定句的句末。He won’ t go and I won’ t go either. 他不去,我也不去。
neither ①意为"两者都不",可作主语、宾语和定语;②neither... nor..."既不……也不……"。 Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不对。Neither he nor I am a doctor. 他和我都不是医生。
【易错警示】neither作主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。
(5)复合不定代词的用法
由some,any,every,no与one,body,thing一起构成的代词叫复合不定代词,如something,everybody,anyone,nothing等。由one和body构成的复合不定代词可相互换用。
用法 例句
复合不定代词一般用作单数,在句中作主语、宾语或表语 Nobody is aliment. 没有人缺席。(主语)Do you need anything 你需要点什么吗 (宾语)Grammar is not everything. 语法不是全部。(表语)
复合不定代词被定语修饰时,定语须放在它们后面 There is nothing wrong with the radio. 收音机没有什么问题。
由some构成的复合不定代词用法与some类似,而由any构成的复合不定代词用法与any类似。当any构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句时,常表示"无论什么东西,随便什么东西/事情" There’ s always somebody at home in the evenings. 晚上总有人在家。Is there anything interesting in the newspaper 报纸上有什么有趣的东西吗?
【易错警示】
every day与everyday的区别:
1. every day是名词短语,在句中充当状语,修饰整个句子。
I finish my homework before 9 every day. 我每天九点前完成作业。
2. everyday是形容词,在句中充当定语,修饰名词。
Everyday work makes me bored. 每天的工作让我很烦。
I tried many ways, but ________ of them worked.
A. all B. both C. neither D. none
中考真题
1.(2021黑龙江大庆市中考)On the website, you can chat with ________ in English to improve your spoken English.
A.other B.another C.the other D.Others
2.(2021湖北黄石市中考)—Which dress do you prefer, the red one or the green one
—________ . I like blue.
A.Any B.Either C.Neither D.Both
3.(2021贵州铜仁市中考)—This dress is too long, please give me ________ one.
—Sure, madam. Give ________ back to me and try on this one.
A.other; one B.other; it C.another; it D.another; one
4.(2021广西贺州市中考)During the exam, ________ you are, ________ mistakes you’ll make.
A.the more careful; the less B.the more careful; the fewer
C.the more careless; the less D.the more careless; the fewer
5.(2021山东东营市中考)—Four children were walking under a small umbrella. ________of them got wet. Can you guess why
—Because it was not raining!
A.All B.None C.Most D.Some
6.(2021江苏苏州市中考)The gravity on Mars is only about there eighths of ________ on the Earth.
A.that B.those C.one D.ones
7.(2021江苏扬州市中考)—Which colour do you like, red or blue
— ________. I like green.
A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.None
8.(2021江苏连云港市中考)Look at the sign, please. You can park your car on ________ side of the street.
A.both B.other C.either D.all
考向六:疑问代词
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。它们一般位于句首。疑问代词包括who、whose、whom、what、which。
代词 用法 例句
Who 表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数名词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语 Who is on duty today 今天谁值日?
Whom 表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数。whom只能作动词的宾语或介词的宾语,不直接跟在介词后时可用who替换,位于介词后作介词宾语时只能用whom To whom you were talking just now 你刚才和谁说话呢 Whom/Who did you often play with when you were a child 小时候你经常和谁玩
Whose 表示"谁的",既可置于名词前作定语,也可单独使用,在句中常作主语、宾语、定语或表语 Whose iPad is this 这是谁的iPad? (定语)Whose is this iPad 这个iPad是谁的? (表语)
Which 表示"哪一个(些)",既可指人也可指物,可指可数名词单、复数,也可指不可数名词,在句中常作主语、宾语或定语 Which animal do you like best 你最喜欢哪种动物 Which is cheaper, this printer or that one 这台打印机和那台打印机,哪台更便宜?
what 表示"什么",可单独使用,也可放在名词前,既可以指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以指代或修饰可数名词的单、复数。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语 What makes you love your hometown so much 是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡?
【易错警示】
which和what的用法辨析
用which提问,指在相当数目的人或物中进行选择,限制在一定的范围内;用what提问,不限制范围。
Which do you like, rice or meat 你喜欢什么,米饭还是肉?
What do you like 你喜欢什么?
【知识拓展】 what的常见用法
1. 用于询问职业:What be+主语 或What do/does/did+主语+ do
What does your father do =What is your father 你父亲是干什么的?
2. 用于询问天气或品行:What be+主语+like
What’ s the weather like 天气怎么样?
3. 用于询问外貌、长相:What do/does/did+主语+look like
What does she look like 她长什么样?
4. 征求对方的意见:What about ...
What about going out for a movie 出去看电影怎么样?
中考真题
1.(2021甘肃天水市中考)A true friend is a person ______ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A.whom B.whose C.who D.which
2.(2021江苏南京市中考)—Millie, ______ are you reading
—Camel Xiangzi, by the famous Chinese writer, Lao She.
A.who B.how C.where D.what
3.(2021四川达州市中考)—Could you tell me ______ kind of movies you like best
—Umm…. I like the movies ______ make me laugh.
A.what; which B.what; what C.which; what D.which; where
4.(2021云南中考)Yuan Longping is a great scientist ______ was honored as “The Father of Hybrid Rice”.
A.when B.who C.which D.whose
5.(2021四川成都市中考)Zhang Hong, a Chinese, is the first Asian blind climber ______ has reached the top of Qomolangma.
A.who B.whose C.which
6.(2020 四川乐山中考)—____________ does the London Eye take you above the River Thames
—One hundred and thirty-five meters.
A. How long B. How high C. How heavy
7.(2020江苏省淮安市)—Mike, _________ do you have a health examination
—Once a year.
A. how long B. how many C. how much D. how often
8.(2019 江苏省无锡市)___________ I do, I do it for you. Do not ever doubt that, my boy.
A. Whatever B. Wherever C. Whenever D. Whoever
巩固练习
1. —When is your father’s birthday
—________ birthday is on April 2nd.
A.He B.She C.His D.Him
2. —John, dinner is ready.
—I want to eat _________, Mum. I’m not feeling well.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
3. —Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning
—_______is OK. I’m busy today and tomorrow.
A.None B.All C.Both D.Neither
4. —Do you like thrillers or comedies, Mike
—___________. I think action movies are the most exciting.
A.Both B.None C.Either D.Neither
5. —Ellen, I picked up a white pen under your chair. Is this yours
—Oh, yes. It’s _______. Thank you, Lisa.
A.she B.his C.mine D.your
6.(2021宝应一模)—When shall we go on a picnic,Saturday or Sunday
—_____________is OK.I’m free the whole weekend.
A.Neither B.All C.Either D.Both
7.(2021宝应二模)—-Who is at the door
—A deliveryman(快递员)or____ wanting to sell his new products.
A. everybody B.anybody C. somebody D.nobody
8.(2021邗江区一模)—Wow! Jim plays the piano so well.
—Not ______ can play it like this. He works hard at it.
A.everybody B. somebody C. nobody D. anybody
9.(2021南通启东一模)Bob recommended me several foreign films, but _______ was to my taste.
A. neither B. no one C. none D. nothing
10. This kind of drink tastes _______ but there’s only _______ in this bottle. I’d like some more.
A. good; a little B. well; a little C. good; little D. well; little
11.(2020江都二模)---I prefer speaking to listening in English learning.
---Oh, really! I think you should be good at ________ of them.
A. both B. neither C. some D. all
12.(2020树人二模)As children, we are exposed (接触) to the idea of being a hero, _____ from those around us
_____from characters like Iron Man on our television screens.
A. not… also… B. whether…or C. neither…nor D. either…or
13.(2020邗江区二模)Betty is a new student in our class. We know _______ about her except her name.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
14.( 2020邗江区一模) ---What would you like to eat here
--- __________except the noodles, which are not to my taste.
A. Anything B. Nothing C. Something D. Everything
15.(2020江都区一模) ---It is dark outside. Who’s knocking at the door
---_________ may be Henry. It’s time for him to come back from work.
A. It B. He C. She D. I
16. ---Which film do you like best
---_________of them. They are both long and boring.
A. Neither B. All C. Either D. None
17.(2020高邮一模) 一We have four guest rooms, _________with its own bathroom.
一That's great. Here're just four families.
A. neither B. none C. either D. each
18.(2020宝应一模)---In order to get a great future,we should study hard keep in good health.
---I can't agree more.
neither; nor B. either; or C. not; but D. not only; but also
19.(2019 江苏省无锡市)___________ I do, I do it for you. Do not ever doubt that, my boy.
A. Whatever B. Wherever C. Whenever D. Whoever
20.(2019 浙江温州中考)Sam finds sweeping robots useful, and he plans to buy ___________ for his grandma.
A. it B. one C. this D. that代词
中考考察重点:
1、人称代词; 2、物主代词; 3、反身代词; 4、指示代词;
5、不定代词; 6、相互代词; 7、疑问代词。
考察形式:单选、词汇
一、人称代词
1. 定义:人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。
2. 分类:人称代词主格和人称代词宾格
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
3. 用法
(1)通常主格作主语(在句首,动词前)。
He likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。
(2)宾格作宾语(在动词或介词后)或作表语(在be动词后)。
Can you understand me 你能理解我吗?(作宾语)
—Who is knocking at the door 谁在敲门?
—It’s me. 是我。(作表语)
(3)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。
Sam is much taller than I/me. 山姆比我高得多。
(4)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格,即使它代表主语时也是如此。
—I like travelling. 我喜欢旅游。
—Me too. 我也喜欢。
(5)人称代词并列时的排列顺序。
①人称代词单数并列作主语时,其顺序为:第二人称→第三人称→第一人称,即you, he/she/it and I(若是承担错误责任,第一人称应当先)。
It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰使她生气了。
②复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:第一人称→第二人称→第三人称,即we, you and they。
中考真题
1.(2021湖南邵阳市中考)—I hear Chang’e -5 brought some samples from the Moon to the Earth last year.
—Yes. It makes ________ proud.
A.we B.us C.our
2.(2018江苏扬州中考)----Who is the lady in red
----Miss Gao. She teaches English.
A. we B. us C. our D. ours
1.B【详解】句意:——我听说嫦娥五号去年从月球带回了一些样本到地球。——是的。这让我们感到骄傲。
考查人称代词宾格。we我们,人称代词主格;us我们,人称代词宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词。make sb. adj.使某人……,make后接人称代词宾格作宾语。故选B。
2.B【详解】句意:那个穿红衣服的女士是谁。-----高小姐,她教我们英语。考查人称代词宾格。
二、物主代词
1. 定义:物主代词是表示所有关系的代词,用来说明某物属于某人或与某人有关。
2. 分类:
物主代词 单数 复数
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
形容词性物主代词 my your his/her/its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his/her/ its ours yours theirs
含义 我的 你的 他的/她的/它的 我们的 你们的 他(她,它)们的
3. 用法
(1)形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,只能放在名词前作定语,后面一定要跟一个名词。
my book,your name,their hobbies
①放在被拥有的物体名词前,指明事物的归属者。
My book is on the desk. 我的书在桌子上。
②放在被拥有的事物名词前,表示事物与某人有某种联系。
He is my younger brother. 他是我的弟弟。
③用于描述说话人对自己所做的事情或某人对某人自己所做的事情。
She is brushing her teeth. 她正在刷牙。
④放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的施行者。
not long after our arrival 在我们到达后不久
⑤放在表示动作的名词之前,指明动作的承受者。
Jim and his supporters 吉姆和他的支持者们
⑥用于头衔
Your Majesty(陛下)
Would Your Highness like a cup of tea 阁下想要一杯茶吗?
注意
a. 形容词性物主代词的选择应根据事物的所有者的"人称"(第一、二、三人称)和"数"(单、复数)来确定。
b. 形容词性物主代词通常修饰有生命的事物,如 "the door"或"the door of the room"比"its door"更常见。
c. 表示某物属于某人或某物,或者与某人某物有关可以用名词所有格或"of +介词短语"表示。
(2)名词性物主代词相当于名词,后面不能加名词,可单独使用,可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语等。相当于"形容词性物主代词+名词"。
①用于说明某事物与刚提及的事物类别相同,但属于其他人。
Sarah’ s house is much bigger than ours. 萨拉的房子比我们的房子要大很多。
②常用于"of"引出的介词短语,表示所谈及的是群体中的一员。
a friend of mine 我的一个朋友(表示许多朋友中的一个)
中考真题
1.(2021北京中考)Mary’s birthday is coming. We’ve decided to make a cake for ________.
A.him B.her C.you D.them
2.(2021黑龙江绥化市中考)This pair of socks _________ soft. I’ll take _________.
A.feel; it B.feels; it C.feels; them
3.(2021江苏连云港市中考)Miss Li, a humorous teacher, taught ________ maths last term.
A.us B.our C.ours D.ourselves
4.(2021四川遂宁市中考)—I bought a skirt for ________. I hope you like ________.
—Thank you, mom. I can’t wait to try it on.
A.you; one B.you; it C.me; one D.me, it
5.(2021四川凉山彝族自治州中考)—The earth, the only home of ________, is now in danger.
—That’s for sure. It’s our duty to save it.
A.yours B.hers C.his D.ours
6.(2021江苏南京市中考)Amy hid under ________ desk in a hurry when the earthquake happened.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
7.(2019扬州中考) —Annie, _____ books are all over the place.
—Sorry, mum. I’ll put them away.
A. you B. your C. yours D. yourself
1.B【详解】句意:玛丽的生日快到了。我们决定为她做一个蛋糕。
考查代词辨析。him他;her她;you你/你们;them他们。根据“Mary’s birthday is coming.”可知,此处指Mary,女性,故选B。
2.C【详解】句意:这双袜子摸起来很软。我要买它们。
考查主谓一致及人称代词。this pair of修饰主语时,动词用三单形式,排除A选项。第二句指要买这双袜子,表复数概念,用人称代词them作宾语,故选C。
3.A【详解】句意:李老师是个幽默的老师,上学期教我们数学。
考查代词辨析。us我们,宾格;our我们的,形容词性物主代词;ours我们的,名词性物主代词;ourselves我们自己;空格作动词的宾语,应用宾格,故选A。
4.B【详解】句意:——我给你买了条裙子。希望你喜欢。——谢谢你,妈妈。我等不及要试穿了。
考查代词。you你;one指代同名异物;it指代同名同物;me我;这里是对话,结合“Thank you, mom. I can’t wait to try it on.”可知,第一空指的是“给你买了一条裙子”,for是介词,应用宾格you作宾语;第二空指的是前文提到的这条裙子,是同名同物,应用it代替,故选B。
5.D【详解】句意:——地球,我们唯一的家园,现在正处于危险之中。——这是肯定的。拯救它是我们的责任。
考查代词辨析。yours你的;hers她的;his他的;ours我们的。根据“It’s our duty to save it”可知,地球是我们的唯一家园,故选D。
6.B【详解】句意:地震发生时,艾米匆忙地躲在她的桌子下面。
考查代词辨析。she她,主格;her她,宾格/她的,形容词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;herself反身代词。根据“Amy hid under…desk in a hurry”可知,空格后面有名词,需要用形容词性物主代词。故选B。
7.B【详解】句意:---安妮,你的书到处都是 ----对不起妈妈,我马上把他们收好
考察代词,选形容词性物主代词你的your
三、 反身代词
英语中用来表示"我自己""你自己""他自己""我们自己""你们自己""他/她/它们自己"等意义的代词称为反身代词。反身代词可以在句中作宾语、表语和同位语。
1. 作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。
He enjoyed himself in the wild. 他在野外玩得很开心。
2. 作表语。
It doesn’ t matter. I’ ll be myself soon. 不要紧。我很快就会恢复好。
3. 作主语或宾语的同位语,意为"亲自"。主要用于加强语气,可紧跟在被修饰名词后或句末。
She herself went to the school. (=She went to the school herself.)(作主语同位语)
You should ask the teacher himself. (作宾语同位语)
4. 常用短语:by oneself 亲自;独自
enjoy oneself 玩得开心
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
teach oneself 自学
反身代词用法口诀反身代词莫乱用,能在句中宾、表、同;主语、定语不能用,固定搭配要记清。单数反身代词:myself, yourself, himself, itself;复数反身代词:ourselves, yourselves, themselves。
— Take care while walking along the wet hill path (小径). You may fall and hurt ________.
— OK. Thanks for reminding me.
A. it B. you C. yourself D. yourselves
中考真题
1.(2021青海中考)Each child can only hand in one piece of work ______ in the drawing competition.
A.himself B.herself C.themselves
2.(2021湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州中考)Once robots can think for ______, problems may appear.
A.themselves B.them C.they
3.(2021湖南怀化市中考)No one taught the old lady how to use WeChat. She learned it by ______.
A.yourself B.myself C.herself
4.(2021江苏南京市中考)Amy hid under ______ desk in a hurry when the earthquake happened.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
5.(2021云南昆明市中考)Tai chi, part of Chinese culture, is an exercise which helps people improve ______ in health.
A.themselves B.ourselves C.itself D.myself
1.C【详解】句意:在绘画比赛中,每个孩子只能自己交一幅作品。考查反身代词。himself他自己;herself她自己;themselves他们自己。根据“Each child can only hand in one piece of work … in the drawing competition”可知,此处指孩子们只能交他们自己的其中一幅作品,故选C。
2.A【详解】句意:一旦机器人能够独立思考,问题就会出现。考查反身代词。themselves它们自己,反身代词;them它们,人称代词宾格;they它们,人称代词主格。根据“Once robots can think for…”可知,是机器人为它们自己考虑,故选A。
3.C【详解】句意:没有人教这位老妇人如何使用微信。她是自学的。考查反身代词。yourself你自己;myself我自己;herself她自己。learn sth by oneself自学,根据主语“She”可知,应用herself,故选C。
4.D【详解】句意:地震发生时,艾米匆忙地躲在自己的桌子下面。考查代词辨析。she她,主格;her她,宾格/她的,形容词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;herself反身代词。根据“Amy hid under…desk in a hurry”可知,主语和宾语是同一人,是把自己藏在桌子下面,故选D。
5.A【详解】句意:太极拳是中国文化的一部分,是一种帮助人们改善健康的运动。考查代词辨析。themselves他们自己;ourselves我们自己;itself它自己;myself我自己。根据“which helps people improve ... in health”可推出是帮助人们改善他们自己的健康,用themselves。故选A。
四、指示代词
1. 定义:表示"这个""那个""这些""那些"等指示概念的代词叫指示代词。
指示代词 用法 例句
this(these) 用于指时间或空间上较近的事物 Is this your pen These are my books.
that(those) 用于指时间或空间上较远的事物 That dictionary is Mary’ s.Are those your books
2. 用法
指示代词可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
(1)that 和those代替前面提到的东西,以避免重复这个名词。
My seat is next to that of the mayor.(that=mayor’ s seat)我的座位在市长座位旁边。
(2)this 或 that用来回指上文提到的事情,但若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用 this。
—She is a beautiful girl. 她是一个漂亮的女孩。
—Who said that 那是谁说的?
I want to know this: Is she beautiful 我想知道这一点:她美吗
(3)在打电话时,通常用 this 指自己,用that指对方:
Hello. This is Jim. Is that John 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?
(4)指示代词this,that和these在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人。而those作宾语后接定语从句时可以指人。而且只有that、those后面可以跟定语从句。
The twins are so alike that even their father finds________ hard to tell them from each other.
A. it B. him C. them
五、不定代词
不明确指代某个人、某个事物、某些人、某些事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词可以代替名称和形容词,表示不同的数量概念。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语等。
1. 不定代词的句法功能
不定代词 成分
all,both,each,neither,either,much,little,many,few,other,some,any,one 在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语
everyone,everybody,everything,someone, somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,no one,nobody,nothing,none 在句中可作主语、宾语和表语
every,no 在句中只能作定语
不定代词的基本语法
(1)some、any的用法
用法 例句
some和any作定语时既可以修饰可数名词,又可以修饰不可数名词 Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 袋子里的一些大米已经卖出去了。(修饰不可数名词)Do you have any brothers or sisters 你有兄弟姐妹吗?(修饰可数名词)
some多用于肯定句;在表示请求、劝告、邀请、或不希望对方拒绝的疑问句中用some而不用any Some of the boys are good at swimming. 一些男孩擅长游泳。Will you give me some water 请给我一些水好吗
any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中;用于肯定句中,表示"任何" If you have any questions, please ask me. 如果你有问题,可以问我。Any child needs love. 任何一个孩子都需要爱。
some和any可以用来修饰单数名词,some表示"某一";any表示"任何的" Any student can answer this question. 任何学生都可以回答这个问题。Someday Chinese people will fly to the moon. 某天中国人将会飞上月球。
(2)few,a few,little,a little的用法
用法 用于可数名词 用于不可数名词
表示肯定概念 a few虽少,但有几个 a little虽少,但有一点
表示否定概念 few不多,几乎没有 little不多,没有什么
1. - Which colour do you like, red or blue
- _______________. I like green.
Either B. Both C. Neither D. None
2. ________ hopes for a sweet home as it provides us with warmth and trust.
A. None B. Everyone C. Nobody D. Somebody
3. Bryan will not want to have _______ to do with horses in the future.
A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
(3)other,the other,others,the others,another的用法
用法 例句
other 某一个,另一些,其他的。不能单独使用,后面要跟单数名词或复数名词,泛指别的 Where are his other books 他的另一些书在哪里
others 其他。必须单独使用,泛指别人或别的东西,常用于"some... others"结构 Some are red, and others are black. 一些是红的,另一些是黑的。
the other 两个中的另一个,剩下的一个。特指,常用于"one... the other..."结构 She has two sisters — one is a nurse, and the other is a teacher. 她有两个姐姐,一个是护士,另一个是老师。
the others 其他全部,其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部 In our class only Tommy is English, and the others are Chinese. 我们班除了汤米是英国人外,其他都是中国人。
another 另一个(指多个中的任何一个),可单独用,也可接单数名词或名词复数,表示"另几个,再几个" You can see another ship in the sea, can’ t you 你能看见另一艘船在海里,不是吗
(4)all,both,none,either,neither的用法
用法 例句
all ①侧重指三者或三者以上"都,全部,一切",在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语;all于否定句时,表示部分否定;表示全部否定使用none。 All the students are on the playground. 所有的学生都在操场上。Not all books are good.(= All books are not good. 不是所有的书都是好书。
【知识拓展】all作主语,指代人时,谓语动词使用复数形式,指代事情时,谓语动词一般使用单数;作同位语时,all在句中的位置与both相同。All goes very well. 一切进展非常顺利。
both ①表示"两者都",可以作主语、宾语、定语和同位语;②用于否定句表示部分否定,全部否定使用neither;③both... and"两者都,既……又……"。 They both are not workers. 他们两个不都是工人。Both Carl and Jeff are good at playing football. 卡尔和杰夫都擅长踢足球
【知识拓展】both作主语时,谓语动词使用复数形式;作主语的同位语时,位于be动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前。Both of them have been to Beijing. 他们两人都去过北京。They all enjoyed it. 他们都喜欢它。
none ①意为"没有人,没有一个,一点儿也没有,作主语和宾语,不作定语;②none指代可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式均可,而指代不可数名词时,谓语动词必须使用单数形式。 None of the books are mine. 这些书都不是我的。None of the rubbish has been removed. 垃圾一点也没运走。
【易错警示】none与no one的区别:none既可指人,又可指物,而no one意为"没有人",只能用于指人。作主语时,谓语用单数;none可以与of搭配,而no one无此用法;none用于回答how many或how much引出的特殊疑问句,而no one用于回答who引出的特殊疑问句。—How many students are there in the classroom now 现在教室里有多少学生?—None. 没有一个人。—Who is in the classroom now 现在谁在教室呢?—No one. 没人。
either ①表示"两者中任何一个",可作主语、宾语和定语;②either作主语时,谓语动词应使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。 You can park on either side of the street. 你在街道的哪边停车都可以。The two guests have arrived and either is welcome. 两个客人都到了,而且都受欢迎。
【知识拓展】(1)either可用于搭配"either... or...",意为"或者……或者……;要么……要么……"。Either he or I am to blame. 或者他或者我将受到责备。(2)either可作为副词,意为"也",用于否定句的句末。He won’ t go and I won’ t go either. 他不去,我也不去。
neither ①意为"两者都不",可作主语、宾语和定语;②neither... nor..."既不……也不……"。 Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不对。Neither he nor I am a doctor. 他和我都不是医生。
【易错警示】neither作主语时,谓语动词使用单数形式;作定语时,修饰单数名词。
(5)复合不定代词的用法
由some,any,every,no与one,body,thing一起构成的代词叫复合不定代词,如something,everybody,anyone,nothing等。由one和body构成的复合不定代词可相互换用。
用法 例句
复合不定代词一般用作单数,在句中作主语、宾语或表语 Nobody is aliment. 没有人缺席。(主语)Do you need anything 你需要点什么吗 (宾语)Grammar is not everything. 语法不是全部。(表语)
复合不定代词被定语修饰时,定语须放在它们后面 There is nothing wrong with the radio. 收音机没有什么问题。
由some构成的复合不定代词用法与some类似,而由any构成的复合不定代词用法与any类似。当any构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句时,常表示"无论什么东西,随便什么东西/事情" There’ s always somebody at home in the evenings. 晚上总有人在家。Is there anything interesting in the newspaper 报纸上有什么有趣的东西吗?
【易错警示】
every day与everyday的区别:
1. every day是名词短语,在句中充当状语,修饰整个句子。
I finish my homework before 9 every day. 我每天九点前完成作业。
2. everyday是形容词,在句中充当定语,修饰名词。
Everyday work makes me bored. 每天的工作让我很烦。
I tried many ways, but ________ of them worked.
A. all B. both C. neither D. none
中考真题
1.(2021黑龙江大庆市中考)On the website, you can chat with ________ in English to improve your spoken English.
A.other B.another C.the other D.Others
2.(2021湖北黄石市中考)—Which dress do you prefer, the red one or the green one
—________ . I like blue.
A.Any B.Either C.Neither D.Both
3.(2021贵州铜仁市中考)—This dress is too long, please give me ________ one.
—Sure, madam. Give ________ back to me and try on this one.
A.other; one B.other; it C.another; it D.another; one
4.(2021广西贺州市中考)During the exam, ________ you are, ________ mistakes you’ll make.
A.the more careful; the less B.the more careful; the fewer
C.the more careless; the less D.the more careless; the fewer
5.(2021山东东营市中考)—Four children were walking under a small umbrella. ________of them got wet. Can you guess why
—Because it was not raining!
A.All B.None C.Most D.Some
6.(2021江苏苏州市中考)The gravity on Mars is only about there eighths of ________ on the Earth.
A.that B.those C.one D.ones
7.(2021江苏扬州市中考)—Which colour do you like, red or blue
— ________. I like green.
A.Either B.Both C.Neither D.None
8.(2021江苏连云港市中考)Look at the sign, please. You can park your car on ________ side of the street.
A.both B.other C.either D.all
1.D【详解】句意:在这个网站上,你可以和别人用英语聊天来提高你的英语口语。
考查不定代词辨析。other其他的;another另一个(三者或以上);the other另一个(两者中);others其他的人或物。根据“you can chat with … in English”可知,是跟其它的人聊天,空格后无名词,此空应填代词others,故选D。
2.C【详解】句意:——你喜欢哪条裙子,红色的还是绿色的?——都不。我喜欢蓝色的。
考查代词辨析。Any任何;Either二者之一;Neither二者都不;Both两者都。根据“I like blue.”可知,两个都不喜欢,故选C。
3.C【详解】句意:——这件连衣裙太长了,请再给我拿一件。——当然可以了,女士。把它给我,试一试这一件。
考查代词。other其他的,形容词,修饰名词;another表示不定数目中的另一个;one泛指同类中的一个;it指代上文提到的事物。根据语境“This dress is too long”可知,这位女士请服务员再拿另外一件,第一个空应用another;第二个空指代的就是上文提到的“This dress”,因此应用it代替。故选C。
4.B【详解】句意:在考试中,你越细心,你犯的错误将越少。
考查形容词比较级。careful细心的;careless粗心的;根据“…you are…mistakes you’ll make”可知,此处构成“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构,表示“越细心,犯的错误将越少”,排除C/D。less修饰不可数名词,fewer修饰可数名词,mistakes是可数名词复数,故选B。
5.B【详解】句意:——四个孩子在一把小伞下走着。他们都没有淋湿。你能猜到原因吗?——因为没有下雨!考查代词辨析。All都;None一个也没有;Most大部分;Some一些。根据“of them got wet”及“Because it was not raining”可知,因为没有下雨,所以这四个人都没有被淋湿,故选B。
6.A【详解】句意:火星的引力只有地球的八分之一。
考查代词辨析。that特指的名词与前面的名词只是同一类,但并非同一个,即同名异物,相当于the+名词;those是that的复数形式,只能代替可数名词复数;one泛指与前面的名词同类的另一事物,即同名异物,相当于a/an+名词;ones是one的复数形式。本句中“The gravity”是单数形式,且是“the+名词”结构,故代词应用that。故选A。
7.C【详解】句意:——你喜欢什么颜色,红色还是蓝色?——都不喜欢。我喜欢绿色。
考查代词辨析。Either两者中任何一个;Both两者都;Neither两者都不;None三者或三者以上都不。根据选项“red or blue”和空后“I like green.”可知,空处应是表示“两者都不”。故选C。
8.C【详解】句意:请看这个标志。你可以把车停在街道的任意一边。
考查不定代词。both两者都;other其他的;either二者之一;all三者及以上全都。街道有两边,根据“side”可知,此处表示单数,用either。故选C。
考向六:疑问代词
用来构成特殊疑问句的代词叫疑问代词。它们一般位于句首。疑问代词包括who、whose、whom、what、which。
代词 用法 例句
Who 表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数名词,在句中作主语、宾语或表语 Who is on duty today 今天谁值日?
Whom 表示"谁",可以指代单数和复数。whom只能作动词的宾语或介词的宾语,不直接跟在介词后时可用who替换,位于介词后作介词宾语时只能用whom To whom you were talking just now 你刚才和谁说话呢 Whom/Who did you often play with when you were a child 小时候你经常和谁玩
Whose 表示"谁的",既可置于名词前作定语,也可单独使用,在句中常作主语、宾语、定语或表语 Whose iPad is this 这是谁的iPad? (定语)Whose is this iPad 这个iPad是谁的? (表语)
Which 表示"哪一个(些)",既可指人也可指物,可指可数名词单、复数,也可指不可数名词,在句中常作主语、宾语或定语 Which animal do you like best 你最喜欢哪种动物 Which is cheaper, this printer or that one 这台打印机和那台打印机,哪台更便宜?
what 表示"什么",可单独使用,也可放在名词前,既可以指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以指代或修饰可数名词的单、复数。在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或定语 What makes you love your hometown so much 是什么使你这么热爱你的家乡?
【易错警示】
which和what的用法辨析
用which提问,指在相当数目的人或物中进行选择,限制在一定的范围内;用what提问,不限制范围。
Which do you like, rice or meat 你喜欢什么,米饭还是肉?
What do you like 你喜欢什么?
【知识拓展】 what的常见用法
1. 用于询问职业:What be+主语 或What do/does/did+主语+ do
What does your father do =What is your father 你父亲是干什么的?
2. 用于询问天气或品行:What be+主语+like
What’ s the weather like 天气怎么样?
3. 用于询问外貌、长相:What do/does/did+主语+look like
What does she look like 她长什么样?
4. 征求对方的意见:What about ...
What about going out for a movie 出去看电影怎么样?
中考真题
1.(2021甘肃天水市中考)A true friend is a person ______ reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
A.whom B.whose C.who D.which
2.(2021江苏南京市中考)—Millie, ______ are you reading
—Camel Xiangzi, by the famous Chinese writer, Lao She.
A.who B.how C.where D.what
3.(2021四川达州市中考)—Could you tell me ______ kind of movies you like best
—Umm…. I like the movies ______ make me laugh.
A.what; which B.what; what C.which; what D.which; where
4.(2021云南中考)Yuan Longping is a great scientist ______ was honored as “The Father of Hybrid Rice”.
A.when B.who C.which D.whose
5.(2021四川成都市中考)Zhang Hong, a Chinese, is the first Asian blind climber ______ has reached the top of Qomolangma.
A.who B.whose C.which
6.(2020 四川乐山中考)—____________ does the London Eye take you above the River Thames
—One hundred and thirty-five meters.
A. How long B. How high C. How heavy
7.(2020江苏省淮安市)—Mike, _________ do you have a health examination
—Once a year.
A. how long B. how many C. how much D. how often
8.(2019 江苏省无锡市)___________ I do, I do it for you. Do not ever doubt that, my boy.
A. Whatever B. Wherever C. Whenever D. Whoever
1.C【详解】句意:真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语,且指人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who;结合句意和选项可知选C。
2.D【详解】句意:—Millie,你正在读什么?—《骆驼祥子》,中国著名作家老舍的作品。考查特殊疑问句。who谁;how怎样;where哪里;what什么。根据答语“Camel Xiangzi”可知,是询问读的什么,故选D。
3.A【详解】句意:—你能告诉我你最喜欢哪一类电影吗?—嗯……我喜欢让我笑的电影。考查宾语从句连接词及定语从句关系词。根据“... kind of movies”可知此处用what kind表示“什么种类”;the movies后用定语从句作后置定语,先行词“the movies”指物, 此处用which引导定语从句。故选A。
4.B【详解】句意:袁隆平是一位伟大的科学家,被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。考查定语从句关系词。when先行词指时间,且在从句中作时间状语;who先行词指人,且在从句中作主语;which先行词指物,且在从句中作主语或宾语;whose先行词指人或物,相当于who或which的所有格。题干中先行词“a great scientist”指人,且在从句中作主语,用who引导定语从句。故选B。
5.A【详解】句意:中国人张洪是第一位登上珠穆朗玛峰的亚洲攀登者。考查定语从句。who谁,先行词是人;whose谁的,先行词为人,whose在从句中作定语;which哪个,先行词为物。此句定语从句的先行词是人,且疑问词在从句中作主语,用who引导的定语从句。故选A。
6.B【解析】句意:——“伦敦眼”把你带到泰晤士河上方多高?——一百三十五米。考查特殊疑问句。How long多长;How high多高;How heavy多重;根据常识可知伦敦眼在泰晤士和上方,结合回答One hundred and thirty-five meters.可知,这里表达的是“多高”,所以应该用how high,故选B。
7.D【解析】句意:——迈克,你多久去做一次健康检查?——一年一次。考查特殊疑问句。how long多长时间;how many多少,接可数名词;how much多少,接不可数名词;how often多长时间一次。根据“Once a year”可知此处询问的是频率,用how often,表示“多长时间一次”。故选D。
8.A【解析】句意:不管我做什么,我都是为你做的。别怀疑,孩子。Whatever无论什么;B. Wherever无论在哪里;C. Whenever无论何时;D. Whoever无论谁。分析句子___________ I do, I do it for you. 的结构可知,本题缺少的是宾语,也就是do的宾语,能充当宾语的是选项A/D,故排除B/C;Whoever无论谁,指人,做do的宾语不合适,排除。whatever 是连词,引导让步状语从句。从句意上说是在从句中做do的宾语。语境是:不管我做什么,我都是为你做的。故选A。
巩固练习
1. —When is your father’s birthday
—________ birthday is on April 2nd.
A.He B.She C.His D.Him
2. —John, dinner is ready.
—I want to eat _________, Mum. I’m not feeling well.
A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything
3. —Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning
—_______is OK. I’m busy today and tomorrow.
A.None B.All C.Both D.Neither
4. —Do you like thrillers or comedies, Mike
—___________. I think action movies are the most exciting.
A.Both B.None C.Either D.Neither
5. —Ellen, I picked up a white pen under your chair. Is this yours
—Oh, yes. It’s _______. Thank you, Lisa.
A.she B.his C.mine D.your
6.(2021宝应一模)—When shall we go on a picnic,Saturday or Sunday
—_____________is OK.I’m free the whole weekend.
A.Neither B.All C.Either D.Both
7.(2021宝应二模)—-Who is at the door
—A deliveryman(快递员)or____ wanting to sell his new products.
A. everybody B.anybody C. somebody D.nobody
8.(2021邗江区一模)—Wow! Jim plays the piano so well.
—Not ______ can play it like this. He works hard at it.
A.everybody B. somebody C. nobody D. anybody
9.(2021南通启东一模)Bob recommended me several foreign films, but _______ was to my taste.
A. neither B. no one C. none D. nothing
10. This kind of drink tastes _______ but there’s only _______ in this bottle. I’d like some more.
A. good; a little B. well; a little C. good; little D. well; little
11.(2020江都二模)---I prefer speaking to listening in English learning.
---Oh, really! I think you should be good at ________ of them.
A. both B. neither C. some D. all
12.(2020树人二模)As children, we are exposed (接触) to the idea of being a hero, _____ from those around us
_____from characters like Iron Man on our television screens.
A. not… also… B. whether…or C. neither…nor D. either…or
13.(2020邗江区二模)Betty is a new student in our class. We know _______ about her except her name.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
14.( 2020邗江区一模) ---What would you like to eat here
--- __________except the noodles, which are not to my taste.
A. Anything B. Nothing C. Something D. Everything
15.(2020江都区一模) ---It is dark outside. Who’s knocking at the door
---_________ may be Henry. It’s time for him to come back from work.
A. It B. He C. She D. I
16. ---Which film do you like best
---_________of them. They are both long and boring.
A. Neither B. All C. Either D. None
17.(2020高邮一模) 一We have four guest rooms, _________with its own bathroom.
一That's great. Here're just four families.
A. neither B. none C. either D. each
18.(2020宝应一模)---In order to get a great future,we should study hard keep in good health.
---I can't agree more.
neither; nor B. either; or C. not; but D. not only; but also
19.(2019 江苏省无锡市)___________ I do, I do it for you. Do not ever doubt that, my boy.
A. Whatever B. Wherever C. Whenever D. Whoever
20.(2019 浙江温州中考)Sam finds sweeping robots useful, and he plans to buy ___________ for his grandma.
A. it B. one C. this D. that
答案:1-5 CCDDC 6-10CCDCA 11-15 ADCBD 16-20 DDDAB