介词和介词短语
中考考察重点：
1. 介词辨析； 2. 介词短语辨析。
考察形式：单选、词汇完成句子等
介词的功能
介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
介词短语的功能 例 句
作定语 They didn’t find the solution to the problem.
作状语 We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因）What do you mean by doing such a thing （表方法）Nothing in the world could live without air or water.（表条件）
作表语 When I paid a visit to you yesterday, you were not at home.
作宾语补足语 I found the old building in a bad condition.
介词的分类
介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。
1.表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别
表示的概念 介词（短语） 区 别 例
时间 inonat at在一个时间点上；in在一段的时间之内；on在具体日子。 ①at 8 o’clock, at noon②in the 1990s, in January③on Monday, on a warm morning
sincefrom since 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用；from指从时间的某一点开始。 ①We have not seen each other since 1995.②I hope to do morning exercises from today.
in,after in指在一段时间之后，也可以指一段时间之内=within；after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中。 ①We’ll be back in three days.②After seven the rain began to fall.③What shall we do after graduation
in the endat the end ofby the end of in the end作＂最后＂、＂终于＂解，单独作句子成分，后不接介词of；at the end of 表示＂在……末梢＂，＂到……尽头＂，既可指时间，也可以指地上或物体，不可单独使用；by the end of 作＂在……结束时＂，＂到……末为止＂解，只能指时间。不可单独使用。 ①In the end they reached a place of safety.②At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden.③They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week.④By the end of last month he had finished the novel.
位置 betweenamong 一般说来，between表示两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间。 ①You are to sit between your father and me.②He is always happy among his classmates.
注意：但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西，强调的是两两相互间接关系时、在谈到一些事物或一组事物，而把它们视为分居两边时以及在谈事物间的差别时，就用between。 ①Agreements were made between the different countries.②The little valley lies between high mountains.③They don’t know the difference between wheat, rice and coin.
inonto in表示在某范围内；on指与什么毗邻；to指在某环境范围之外。 ①Changchun is in the northeast of China.②Mongolia is on the north of China.③Japan is to the east of China.
onin on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占去某物一部分。 ①There is a book on the piece of paper. ②There is an interesting article in thenewspaper.③ He dug a hole in the wall.
ininto in通常表示位置（静态）；into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置。 ①We walked in the park.②We walked into the park.
throughacross through表示从内部通过，与in 有关；across则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过，与on有关。 ①Water flows through the pipe.②The old man walked across the street.
除了 besidesexceptbutexcept for besides指＂除了……还有，再加上＂；except指＂除了，减去什么＂，不能放在句首。but 与except意思近似，表示＂除了……外＂经常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑问词后面。except for表示＂如无……就，只是＂表明理由细节。 ①All went out besides me. ②All went out except me.③I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.④His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
表示的概念 构成 例
动作（表进行概念、表被动的关系） at+名词 at dinner/table在吃饭 at work在工作 at war交战 at cards 在玩牌 at work 在办公 at play 在玩耍 at rest在休息 school在上学 at press正在排印at church在做礼拜
beyond+名词 beyond belief难以置信 beyond control不听管教。 beyond compare无可比拟 beyond description难以形容beyond expression无法表达 beyond suspicion无可怀疑
in+名词或in +名词+of+名词 in the army在当兵 in need of需要 in action在运转in progress在进行 in operation在运行中in use 开始使用 in sight看得见 in store贮藏着 in charge of 负责 in the charge of 由……负责
on+名词 on business办事/出差 on holiday/vacation/leave在休假on watch值班 on duty值勤/日on guard在值勤 on sale出售 on loan借贷 on the air在广播 on fire在燃烧 on the move 在移动，搬迁，离开 on show/display/ exhibition在展出
under+名词 under control在控制之中 under discussion在讨论underdevelopment在发展中 under consideration在考虑中 under repair在修理中under arrest被逮捕 under attack受到袭击under medical treatment在治疗中 under study在研究中
介词短语搭配
形容词短语
常见形容词 搭配 意义
absent (be) absent from 缺席
(be) absent in 不在这里而在……
afraid (be) afraid of 担心……
(be) afraid for 为……而担心
angry (be) angry with sb. 对某人生气
(be) angry at/about sth. 因某事而生气
anxious (be)anxious for sth 急于想得到
(be)anxious about sth./sb. 对某事/某人担心
different (be) different from 与……不同
(be) different to 不关心
familiar (be) familiar with 精通，熟悉
(be) familiar to 为……熟知（悉）
good (be) good at 擅长于
(be) good for 对……有益
(be) good to 对……友好/态度好
popular (be) popular with sb. 受……欢迎
(be) popular for 因……而流行
strict (be) strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
(be) strict in sth. 对某事要求严格
其他短语搭配
1 at once 立刻 2 at last 最后
3 at first 起先，首先 4 at the age of... 在……岁时
5 at the end of...在……之末 6 at the beginning of... 在……之初
7 at the foot of... 在……脚下 8 at the same time 同时
9 at night/noon 在夜里/中午 10 with one’ s help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助
11 with the help of ... 在……的帮助下 12 with a smile 面带笑容
13 with one’ s own eyes 亲眼看见 14 after a while 过了一会儿
15 from now on 从现在起 16 from then on 从那时起
17 for example 例如 18 far away from 远离
19 from morning till night 从早到晚 20 by and by 不久
21 by air mail 寄航空邮件 22 by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车
23 by ordinary mail 寄平信 24 by the way 顺便说
25 by the window 在窗边 26 by the end of... 到……底为止
27 little by little 逐渐地 28 in all 总共 29 in fact 事实上
30 in one’ s twenties 在某人二十几岁时 31 in a hurry 匆忙
32 in the middle of 在……中间 33 in no time (in a minute) 立刻，很快
34 in time (on time) 及时 35 in public 公众，公开地
36 in order to 为了…… 37 in front of 在……前面
38 in the sun 在阳光下 39 in the end 最后，终于
40 in surprise 惊奇地 41 in turn 依次
42 of course 当然 43 a bit (of) 有一点儿
44 a lot of 许多 45 a little 一点儿
46 on one’ s way to 某人在去……的路上 47 on foot 步行，走路
48 a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告 49 on the other hand 另一方面
50 at/on the weekend 在周末 51 on the left (right) 在左(右)边
52 on the other side of 在……另一边 53 on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)
54 to one’ s joy 使……高兴的是 55 to one’ s surprise 使……惊讶的是
中考真题
（2021扬州市中考真题）
1. China's first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
答案：A
（2021常州市中考真题）
1．Little Simba went hunting alone.The Lion King walked around，_________ his safety.
A．with the help of B．in fear of
C．at the speed of D．on top of
（2021苏州市中考真题）
1. 1. Football fans are often called the"12th man" because of their influence ______a team.
A. to B. from C. on D. at
（2021南京市中考真题）
1. We are going to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China ________ July 1st, 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. of
【答案】B
（2021无锡市中考真题）
1. The sun shone the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.
A. beyond B. along C. through D. across
答案：C
（2021泰州市中考真题）
1. 一Why do you choose to use Beidou Navigation (导航) Satellite System, Mr. Li
一Because I think it has many advantages GPS (全球卫星定位系统).
A. on B. in C. over D. of
答案：C
巩固练习
1．（2021·辽宁大连市·中考真题）I often do volunteer work in the library ________ Sundays.
A．at B．in C．on D．for
【答案】C
【详解】句意：星期天我经常在图书馆做义工。
考查时间介词辨析。at用于具体的钟点前；in用于年、月、季节前；on用于具体的某一天前；for后接一段时间；Sundays指具体的星期，前面要用介词on，故选C。
2．（2021·广西百色市·中考真题）The Communist Party of China was founded________ July 1st, 1921.
A．in B．on C．at D．/
【答案】B
【详解】句意：中国共产党成立于1921年7月1日。
考查介词。in 通常用于年月，季节等词前；on通常用于星期，节日或具体的某一天前；at通常用于钟点，中午夜晚或某些固定短语中。空后是具体的某一天，所以用on。故选B。
3．（2021·山东临沂市·中考真题）We’ll have a class meeting ________ 3:30 this afternoon.
A．in B．on C．at
【答案】C
【详解】句意：今天下午三点半我们要开班会。
考查时间介词用法。in后接某年某月；on后接具体一天；at后接具体时刻。“3:30”是具体的时刻，故选C。
4．（2021·江苏宿迁市·中考真题）The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday ________ July 1st, 2021.
A．in B．on C．for D．at
【答案】B
【详解】句意：中国共产党将于2021年7月1日迎来100岁生日。
考查介词辨析。in用于年/月/季节等泛指的时间前；at用于具体的钟点前；on用于具体的某一天前；for后接一段时间；根据“July 1st, 2021”可知，具体的一天前用介词on，故选B。
5．（2021·四川凉山彝族自治州·中考真题）The Communist Party of China was set up ________ July, 1921 and we will celebrate her 100th birthday this year.
A．on B．at C．in D．by
【答案】C
【详解】句意：中国共产党是1921年7月成立的，今年我们将庆祝她的100岁生日。
考查时间介词辨析。on后接具体某一天；at后接具体时刻；in后接某年某月某季节；by到……之前。“July”是七月份，用时间介词in，故选C。
6．（2021·北京中考真题）Space Day of China falls ________ April 24th every year.
A．on B．by C．at D．in
【答案】A
【详解】句意：每年的4月24日是中国的“航天日”。
考查介词辨析。on用在星期或具体时间前；by到……为止；at其后加点钟等；in其后加早中晚/月份/年份等。根据“April 24th”可知，此处加具体的时间，故选A。
7．（2021·黑龙江绥化市·中考真题）Big sale! We have T-shirts _________white _________only ＄6.
A．in; for B．of; for C．in; at
【答案】A
【详解】句意：大减价！我们有白色的T恤只卖6美元。
考查介词辨析。in后接某种颜色的衣服；for以……价格；at在。根据“…white …only ＄6”可知，白色的T恤只卖6美元，第一空填in，第二空填for，故选A。
8．（2021·黑龙江绥化市·中考真题）The pink hair band must belong to ________.
A．Linda’s B．Linda C．hers
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这个粉红色的发带一定属于Linda。
考查名词和代词。Linda是一个女孩的名字；Linda’s是名词所有格形式；hers是名词性物主代词，意为“她的”。句中使用了短语belong to…“属于……”，后跟名词或人称代词宾格形式作宾语。故选B。
9．（2021·海南中考真题）Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ________ the south of china.
A．in B．on C．to
【答案】A
【详解】句意：三沙坐落于中国南部的美丽城市。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面；on相接壤；to一个城市在另一个城市之外。三沙位于中国内部，用介词in。故选A。
10．（2021·贵州贵阳市·中考真题）In order to protect the environment, many people choose to go to work _________ subway.
A．in B．on C．by
【答案】C
【详解】句意：为了保护环境，许多人选择乘地铁上班。
考查介词用法。in在……里面；on在……上面；by后接交通工具，表示乘坐……。根据句子结构可知，这里考查交通方式：“by+交通工具”或“in/on+冠词+交通工具”，介词短语；根据“subway”前面没有冠词和形容词性物主代词，可知此处为介词短语by subway“坐地铁”。故选C。
11．（2021·湖北十堰市·中考真题）— Where’s the People’s Park
— Go along Gongyuan Road, turn right at the second crossing and it’s _________ your left.
A．on B．to C．at D．in
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——人民公园在哪里？ ——沿着公园路走，在第二个十字路口右转，它就在你的左边。
考查介词。on（表示方向）在；to到……；at在（某处）；in在……里。根据下文“your left”提示，此处表示的是在某个方向上，故应用介词on，故选A。
12．（2021·青海中考真题）Look! The sun is shining directly into the car. You’d better park it ________ the tree.
A．under B．in front of C．behind
【答案】A
【详解】句意：看！阳光直射在汽车上。你最好把它停在树下。
考查介词辨析。under在……下面；in front of在……前面；behind在……后面。根据“The sun is shining directly into the car.”可知，为了避免阳光直射，要把车停在树下，故选A。
13．（2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题）I often help my parents with housework ______ Sundays.
A．on B．in C．at
【答案】A
【详解】句意：星期天我经常帮父母做家务。
考查介词。on用于具体的某一天前；in用于年/月/季节等泛指的时间前；at用于具体的钟点前；Sundays是具体的一天，应用介词on，故选A。
14．（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）We are going to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China ________ July 1st, 2021.
A．in B．on C．at D．of
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们将在2021年7月1日庆祝中国共产党成立100周年。
考查介词辨析。in后加早中晚、季节、月份、年份等；on后加星期、日期；at后加时刻；of……的。根据“July 1st, 2021”可知，此处指具体的某一天，应用on。故选B。
15．（2021·天津中考真题）Anna is taller than me. She sits ________ me in the classroom.
A．between B．from C．behind D．among
【答案】C
【详解】句意：安娜比我高。在教室里她坐在我后面。
考查介词词义辨析。between在……之间(两者)；from来自；behind在……后面；among在……之间(三者)。根据“Anna is taller than me.”可知，这里指她坐在我后面，故选C。
16．（2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题）China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A．on B．in C．at D．to
【答案】A
【详解】句意：中国首个火星探测器“祝融”于2021年5月15日在火星上着陆。
考查介词辨析。on其后加星期或具体的时间；in其后加早中晚/季节/月份/年份等；at其后加时间点等；to到。根据“May 15, 2021”可知，是具体的某一天，故选A。
17．（2021·四川成都市·中考真题）It is hard for people to move forward with a strong wind ________ hard.
A．blown B．blowing C．to blow
【答案】B
【详解】句意：强风刮得很厉害，人们很难前进。
考查非谓语动词。这里是with的复合结构，with后的宾语wind与动词blow之间是主动关系。所以用现在分词，作伴随状语，故选B。
18．（2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题）The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday ________ July 1st, 2021.
A．in B．at C．on D．around
【答案】C
【详解】句意：中国共产党将于2021年7月1日迎来100岁生日。
考查介词辨析。in用于年/月/季节等泛指的时间前；at用于具体的钟点前；on用于具体的某一天前；around周围；根据“July 1st, 2021”可知，具体的一天前用介词on，故选C。
19．（2021·重庆中考真题）The Tianwen-1 Probe landed on Mars ________ May 15th, 2021.
A．at B．in C．to D．on
【答案】D
【详解】句意：天问一号探测器在2021年5月15日登陆火星。
考查时间介词辨析。at后接具体时刻；in后接某年某月某季节；to到；on后接具体某一天。“May 15th, 2021”是具体的一天，故选D。
课后练习
1.【2020 贵州黔南州】There is going to be an English movie in our school __________ the evening of June 30.
A. at B. in C. for D. on
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在6月30日的晚上我们学校将会有一部英语电影。考查介词辨析。at后跟时间点；in泛指在上午、下午或晚上；年代、月份、季节前；for后跟一段时间；on在具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上。空后指的是6月30日的晚上，应用on。故选D。
2.【2020 海南省】Eight members of a Chinese team arrived _________the top of Mount Qomolangma successfully.
A. in B. at C. to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：中国八名队员成功登上了珠穆朗玛峰山顶。考查介词辨析。in后接大地点；at后接小地点；to到。固定搭配：arrive in+大地点；arrive at+小地点，空格后the top of Mount Qomolangma是小地点，故选B。
3.【2020 河北省】When are you arriving I’ll pick you up the station.
A. at B. to C. on D. off
【答案】A
【解析】句意：你什么时候到，我将在车站接你。考查地点介词。at在……，后接小地点；to朝，向；on在某物体表面上；off离开。根据题干中“I’ll pick you up ____ the station.”可知是说“我将在车站接你”，the station车站，是小地点，其前用at。故选A。
4.【2020 黑龙江绥化】—What time is it —It's half __________ seven.
A. past B. to C. at
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——现在几点了？——七点半了。考查介词及时间的表达。past过；to到；at指具体的时刻。表示“几点半”用“half + past + 小时”。故选A。
5.【2020 江苏省淮安市】When you have joys, you can share them _________ your friends.
A. for B. in C. with D. on
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当你有乐趣的时候，你可以和你的朋友分享它们。考查介词。for为了；in在……里面；with和；on在……上面。表达“和某人分享某物”用share sth. with sb.，此处用介词with。故选C。
6.【2020 南通市】My uncle’s reviews on the four great classical Chinese novels may be published ________ the summer of 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我叔叔对四部中国古典小说的评论可能会在2021年夏天出版。考查介词辨析。in在（年份、月份、季节前）；on在（日期前）；at在（年龄前）；for为了。根据句中“the summer of 2021”可知，summer表示“季节”，此处使用in，表示“在2021年夏天”。故选A。
7.【2020 盐城市】Yancheng is the only city China to be named after salt.
A. at B. on C. in D. with
【答案】C
【解析】句意：盐城是中国唯一以盐命名的城市。考查介词辨析。at在，后面跟小地点；on在……上；in在，后面跟大地点，表示空间或范围；with和……在一起。根据题干“China”可知，中国是大地点，故选C。
8.【2020 扬州市】Han clothing is becoming more popular ________ young people.
A. over B. among C. between D. about
【答案】B
【解析】句意：汉服在年轻人中正变得越来越受欢迎。考查介词。over在……上面；among在三者或以上中；between在二者中；about关于。根据“young people”可知表示的是在三者或以上的年轻人中，用介词among。故选B。
9.【2020 镇江市】China sent up the final satellite of Beidou Navigation Satellite System(北斗卫星导航系统) from Xichang Satellite Center___________ June 23,2020.
A. at B. in C. to D. on
【答案】D
【解析】句意：中国于2020年6月23日从西昌卫星中心发射了北斗卫星导航系统的最后一颗卫星。
考查介词辨析。at后接具体的时刻；in后接年、月、世纪等，或泛指的上午、下午、晚上；to到，一般与from连用，表时间范围；on后接具体的某一天。句中“June 23,2020”表具体的一天，故其前应加介词on，即中国于2020年6月23日发射卫星。故选D。
10.【2020 徐州市】I met Nancy ________my way home yesterday.
A. in B. at C. by D. on
【答案】D
【解析】句意：昨天在我回家的路上我碰到南希。考查介词。in在……里面；at在某个具体的点；by通过，靠；on在……上面。此处用on one’s way home表示“在某人回家的路上”，用介词on。in one’s way表示阻碍某人的道；by the way表示顺便说一下。故选D。
11.【2020 江西省】We had an art festival ________ April 20th, 2020.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我们在2020年4月20日有一个艺术节。考查时间介词。on其后一般加具体的时间/星期/带day等词的节日；in其后一般加早中晚/季节/月份/年份；at其后一般加点钟/不带day等词的节日；for为了，因为。根据其后所加时间可知，是具体的日期，所以应用on。故选A。
12.【2020 铁岭葫芦岛】Don't use your mobile phone when you go ________ the road. It's dangerous.
A. through B. over C. into D. across
【答案】D
【解析】句意：过马路时不要使用手机。这很危险。考查介词辨析。through穿越，横穿，强调在物体内部穿过；over在……上方，强调在物体上方；into进入；across穿过，强调在物体表面穿过。根据语境可知，过马路时不要使用手机，故应用介词across，即go across表示“穿过马路表面”。故选D。
13.【2020 青海省】Cookies are just the thing to serve ________ tall glasses of real lemon juice.
A. at B. in C. with
【答案】C
【解析】句意：曲奇就应该搭配高脚杯的天然柠檬汁一起享用。考查介词辨析。at在……；in在……里；with和……一起。根据空后“tall glasses of real lemon juice”可知此处是说曲奇和高脚杯装着天然柠檬汁一起享用，用with符合题意。故选C。
14.【2020 青海省】—Xining is getting more and more beautiful.
—Oh, yes. I think more changes are ________.
A. on the radio B. in the end C. on the way
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——西宁变得越来越美丽。——哦，是的。我相信更多的变化正在路上。考查介词短语。on the radio在广播中；in the end终于，最后；on the way在路上。根据题干中“Xining is getting more and more beautiful.”讲西宁变得越来越美丽，可推出此处是说更多变化正在发生，即“在路上”。故选C。
15.【2020 青岛市】You'd better not hang out after school ________ telling your parents. They may worry about you.
A. by B. with C. without D. after
【答案】C
【解析】句意：在没有告知你父母的情况下，你最好不要放学以后闲逛，他们可能会担心你。考查介词辨析。by通过；with有；without没有；after在……之后。根据题干中“They may worry about you.”讲到父母可能会担心你，由此推出要用一个表示否定含义的介词，表示“没有告知父母”，用without符合题意。故选C。
16.【2020 山西省】As students, we're supposed to go to the museum often. We can get more knowledge from the things ________.
A. on show B. on sale C. on land
【答案】A
【解析】句意：作为学生，我们应该经常去博物馆。 我们可以通过展览的东西获得更多的知识。考查介词短语。on show展览；on sale减价出售；on land在陆地上。根据前面的the things可知，空处是介词短语作后置定语用；根据前面的“go to the museum去博物馆”及“get more knowledge获得更多的知识”可知，此处是说被“展览”的东西。故选A。
17.【2020 云南省】In the last few months the teachers have given lessons ________ the Internet as webcasts（主播）.
A. for B. at C. in D. on
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在过去几个月里，老师们在网上以主播的形式授课。考查介词辨析。for为了；at在；in在……里面；on在……上面。根据语境可知，老师在网上以主播的形式授课，on the Internet在网上，固定搭配。故选D。
18.【2020 昆明市】My hometown, Kunming, is famous ________fresh flowers. No matter when you visit it, they will catch your eye.
A. as B. for C. of D. by
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我的家乡昆明以鲜花而闻名。不管你什么时候去，它们都会吸引你的目光。考查介词。as作为；for因为；of……的；by通过。be famous for意为“因……而出名”，for后接出名的原因；be famous as意为“作为……而出名”，as后接某种身份或职业的名词。原句空格后fresh flowers是昆明出名的原因，所以空格处填介词for，故选B。
19.【2020 福建省】The Chinese survey team remeasured（重新测量）Qomolangma successfully ________ May 27, 2020.
A．in B．on C．at
【答案】B
【解析】句意：2020年5月27日，中国考察队成功地对珠穆朗玛峰进行了重新测量。考查介词辨析。in泛指在上午、下午或晚上；在年代、月份、季节前；on在具体某一天；at后跟时间点。空后May 27, 2020是具体的一天，应用on。故选B。
20.【2020 上海市】Mr． Smith always encourages his students to be active________class．
A．in B．by C．with D．from
【答案】A
【解析】句意：史密斯先生总是鼓励他的学生在课堂上积极主动。考查介词辨析。in在……里面；by……被；with带有……；from来自……；根据语境可知此处指在课堂上，英语的表达为in class；故选A。
21.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】Some people prefer tea_________ milk. However, I like drinking tea without anything in it.
A. to B. with C. of
【答案】B
【解析】句意：有些人喜欢加牛奶的茶。不过，我喜欢喝茶时不加任何东西。考查介词辨析。to去、到……，表动作的方向；with和……一起，表伴随；of……的，表所属；下文“However, I like drinking tea without anything in it”根据however句意转折，推断空格指加牛奶的茶；故选B。
22.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】The ancient town has been open to visitors________about ten years．
A．by B．for C．on D．though
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这个古镇已经对游客开放了大约十年。考查介词的用法。by被；for为了；on在上面；though虽然。根据has been可知是现在完成时，for接时间段，10年是个时间段。故选B。
23.【2020 四川攀枝花】—Cindy, it's very nice _____________you to lend me your car. It helps me a lot.
—It's my pleasure.
A．with B．of C．for D．to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——辛迪，你把车借给我真是太好了。它帮了我很多忙。——这是我的荣幸。
考查介词。with有；of……的；for为了；to朝，向；根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，这里是一个不定式逻辑主语的句型，英语结构是It is adj. for/ of sb. to do sth.，在这个结构中介词用for还是of取决于形容词，如果形容词修饰sth.就用for，而如果形容词修饰sb.就用of，本题中的形容词nice是修饰you，所以应该用介词of，故选B。
24.【2020 天津市】It is going to rain. Take an umbrella ________ you.
A．with B．at C．in D．from
【答案】A
【解析】句意：要下雨了，你带把伞。考查介词。with和；at指具体的点；in在……里面；from从。根据“Take an umbrella”可知此处表示伴随，用介词with。故选A。
25.【2020 湖北省黄石市】More and more people in Huangshi choose to go to work ________bike.
A．in B．with C．on D．by
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在黄石越来越多的人选择骑自行车上班。
考查介词辨析。in在……里面；with和……一起；on在……上面；by通过……方式。根据句意可知，这里表示乘坐交通工具，in和on后跟交通工具时，都应有冠词或限定词；by后不用，故选D。
26.【2020 湖北省十堰市】—I am hungry now. I come to school ______ breakfast this morning.
—You should get up early.
A．of B．to C．at D．without
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——我现在饿了。我今天早上没吃早饭就来上学了。——你应该早点起床。
考查介词辨析。of……的；to到；at在；without没有。根据“I am hungry now”可知，我早上没吃饭就来上学了。故选D。
27.【2020 鄂州市】Although the man is in his eighties, he grows vegetables ________ in his garden.
A. in public B. in person C. in silence D. in fact
【答案】B
【解析】句意：虽然这个人已经80多岁了，但他还是亲自在自己的花园里种菜。
考查介词短语。in public公开地，当众；in person亲自；in silence沉默地；in fact事实上。根据题干中“Although the man is in his eighties”可知这个人已经80岁了，句子前后是让步关系，由此可推出是说亲自在花园里种菜，用in person符合题意。故选B。
28.【2020 武汉市】— Which is your uncle
—The big man, smartly dressed______________ a suit and tie.
A. on B. with C. for D. in
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——哪一个是你的叔叔？——那个高大男人，穿着西装打着领带，很精神。
考查介词辨析。on在……上；with伴随；for为了；in穿着。空格后a suit and tie是指衣物，结合所给选项，只有介词in后面可以接衣物，表示“穿着……”，所以空格处填in。故选D。介词和介词短语
中考考察重点：
1. 介词辨析； 2. 介词短语辨析。
考察形式：单选、词汇完成句子等
介词的功能
介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
介词短语的功能 例 句
作定语 They didn’t find the solution to the problem.
作状语 We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因）What do you mean by doing such a thing （表方法）Nothing in the world could live without air or water.（表条件）
作表语 When I paid a visit to you yesterday, you were not at home.
作宾语补足语 I found the old building in a bad condition.
介词的分类
介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。
1.表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别
表示的概念 介词（短语） 区 别 例
时间 inonat at在一个时间点上；in在一段的时间之内；on在具体日子。 ①at 8 o’clock, at noon②in the 1990s, in January③on Monday, on a warm morning
sincefrom since 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用；from指从时间的某一点开始。 ①We have not seen each other since 1995.②I hope to do morning exercises from today.
in,after in指在一段时间之后，也可以指一段时间之内=within；after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中。 ①We’ll be back in three days.②After seven the rain began to fall.③What shall we do after graduation
in the endat the end ofby the end of in the end作＂最后＂、＂终于＂解，单独作句子成分，后不接介词of；at the end of 表示＂在……末梢＂，＂到……尽头＂，既可指时间，也可以指地上或物体，不可单独使用；by the end of 作＂在……结束时＂，＂到……末为止＂解，只能指时间。不可单独使用。 ①In the end they reached a place of safety.②At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden.③They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week.④By the end of last month he had finished the novel.
位置 betweenamong 一般说来，between表示两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间。 ①You are to sit between your father and me.②He is always happy among his classmates.
注意：但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西，强调的是两两相互间接关系时、在谈到一些事物或一组事物，而把它们视为分居两边时以及在谈事物间的差别时，就用between。 ①Agreements were made between the different countries.②The little valley lies between high mountains.③They don’t know the difference between wheat, rice and coin.
inonto in表示在某范围内；on指与什么毗邻；to指在某环境范围之外。 ①Changchun is in the northeast of China.②Mongolia is on the north of China.③Japan is to the east of China.
onin on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占去某物一部分。 ①There is a book on the piece of paper. ②There is an interesting article in thenewspaper.③ He dug a hole in the wall.
ininto in通常表示位置（静态）；into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置。 ①We walked in the park.②We walked into the park.
throughacross through表示从内部通过，与in 有关；across则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过，与on有关。 ①Water flows through the pipe.②The old man walked across the street.
除了 besidesexceptbutexcept for besides指＂除了……还有，再加上＂；except指＂除了，减去什么＂，不能放在句首。but 与except意思近似，表示＂除了……外＂经常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑问词后面。except for表示＂如无……就，只是＂表明理由细节。 ①All went out besides me. ②All went out except me.③I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.④His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
表示的概念 构成 例
动作（表进行概念、表被动的关系） at+名词 at dinner/table在吃饭 at work在工作 at war交战 at cards 在玩牌 at work 在办公 at play 在玩耍 at rest在休息 school在上学 at press正在排印at church在做礼拜
beyond+名词 beyond belief难以置信 beyond control不听管教。 beyond compare无可比拟 beyond description难以形容beyond expression无法表达 beyond suspicion无可怀疑
in+名词或in +名词+of+名词 in the army在当兵 in need of需要 in action在运转in progress在进行 in operation在运行中in use 开始使用 in sight看得见 in store贮藏着 in charge of 负责 in the charge of 由……负责
on+名词 on business办事/出差 on holiday/vacation/leave在休假on watch值班 on duty值勤/日on guard在值勤 on sale出售 on loan借贷 on the air在广播 on fire在燃烧 on the move 在移动，搬迁，离开 on show/display/ exhibition在展出
under+名词 under control在控制之中 under discussion在讨论underdevelopment在发展中 under consideration在考虑中 under repair在修理中under arrest被逮捕 under attack受到袭击under medical treatment在治疗中 under study在研究中
介词短语搭配
形容词短语
常见形容词 搭配 意义
absent (be) absent from 缺席
(be) absent in 不在这里而在……
afraid (be) afraid of 担心……
(be) afraid for 为……而担心
angry (be) angry with sb. 对某人生气
(be) angry at/about sth. 因某事而生气
anxious (be)anxious for sth 急于想得到
(be)anxious about sth./sb. 对某事/某人担心
different (be) different from 与……不同
(be) different to 不关心
familiar (be) familiar with 精通，熟悉
(be) familiar to 为……熟知（悉）
good (be) good at 擅长于
(be) good for 对……有益
(be) good to 对……友好/态度好
popular (be) popular with sb. 受……欢迎
(be) popular for 因……而流行
strict (be) strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
(be) strict in sth. 对某事要求严格
其他短语搭配
1 at once 立刻 2 at last 最后
3 at first 起先，首先 4 at the age of... 在……岁时
5 at the end of...在……之末 6 at the beginning of... 在……之初
7 at the foot of... 在……脚下 8 at the same time 同时
9 at night/noon 在夜里/中午 10 with one’ s help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助
11 with the help of ... 在……的帮助下 12 with a smile 面带笑容
13 with one’ s own eyes 亲眼看见 14 after a while 过了一会儿
15 from now on 从现在起 16 from then on 从那时起
17 for example 例如 18 far away from 远离
19 from morning till night 从早到晚 20 by and by 不久
21 by air mail 寄航空邮件 22 by bike/air/train/bus 骑自行车/乘飞机/火车/汽车
23 by ordinary mail 寄平信 24 by the way 顺便说
25 by the window 在窗边 26 by the end of... 到……底为止
27 little by little 逐渐地 28 in all 总共 29 in fact 事实上
30 in one’ s twenties 在某人二十几岁时 31 in a hurry 匆忙
32 in the middle of 在……中间 33 in no time (in a minute) 立刻，很快
34 in time (on time) 及时 35 in public 公众，公开地
36 in order to 为了…… 37 in front of 在……前面
38 in the sun 在阳光下 39 in the end 最后，终于
40 in surprise 惊奇地 41 in turn 依次
42 of course 当然 43 a bit (of) 有一点儿
44 a lot of 许多 45 a little 一点儿
46 on one’ s way to 某人在去……的路上 47 on foot 步行，走路
48 a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告 49 on the other hand 另一方面
50 at/on the weekend 在周末 51 on the left (right) 在左(右)边
52 on the other side of 在……另一边 53 on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)
54 to one’ s joy 使……高兴的是 55 to one’ s surprise 使……惊讶的是
中考真题
（2021扬州市中考真题）
1. China's first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A. on B. in C. at D. to
（2021常州市中考真题）
1．Little Simba went hunting alone.The Lion King walked around，_________ his safety.
A．with the help of B．in fear of
C．at the speed of D．on top of
（2021苏州市中考真题）
1. 1. Football fans are often called the"12th man" because of their influence ______a team.
A. to B. from C. on D. at
（2021南京市中考真题）
1. We are going to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China ________ July 1st, 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. of
（2021无锡市中考真题）
1. The sun shone the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall.
A. beyond B. along C. through D. across
（2021泰州市中考真题）
1. 一Why do you choose to use Beidou Navigation (导航) Satellite System, Mr. Li
一Because I think it has many advantages GPS (全球卫星定位系统).
A. on B. in C. over D. of
巩固练习
1．（2021·辽宁大连市·中考真题）I often do volunteer work in the library ________ Sundays.
A．at B．in C．on D．for
2．（2021·广西百色市·中考真题）The Communist Party of China was founded________ July 1st, 1921.
A．in B．on C．at D．/
3．（2021·山东临沂市·中考真题）We’ll have a class meeting ________ 3:30 this afternoon.
A．in B．on C．at
4．（2021·江苏宿迁市·中考真题）The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday ________ July 1st, 2021.
A．in B．on C．for D．at
5．（2021·四川凉山彝族自治州·中考真题）The Communist Party of China was set up ________ July, 1921 and we will celebrate her 100th birthday this year.
A．on B．at C．in D．by
6．（2021·北京中考真题）Space Day of China falls ________ April 24th every year.
A．on B．by C．at D．in
7．（2021·黑龙江绥化市·中考真题）Big sale! We have T-shirts _________white _________only ＄6.
A．in; for B．of; for C．in; at
8．（2021·黑龙江绥化市·中考真题）The pink hair band must belong to ________.
A．Linda’s B．Linda C．hers
9．（2021·海南中考真题）Sansha, a beautiful city, lies ________ the south of china.
A．in B．on C．to
10．（2021·贵州贵阳市·中考真题）In order to protect the environment, many people choose to go to work _________ subway.
A．in B．on C．by
11．（2021·湖北十堰市·中考真题）— Where’s the People’s Park
— Go along Gongyuan Road, turn right at the second crossing and it’s _________ your left.
A．on B．to C．at D．in
12．（2021·青海中考真题）Look! The sun is shining directly into the car. You’d better park it ________ the tree.
A．under B．in front of C．behind
13．（2021·湖南怀化市·中考真题）I often help my parents with housework ______ Sundays.
A．on B．in C．at
14．（2021·江苏南京市·中考真题）We are going to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China ________ July 1st, 2021.
A．in B．on C．at D．of
15．（2021·天津中考真题）Anna is taller than me. She sits ________ me in the classroom.
A．between B．from C．behind D．among
16．（2021·江苏扬州市·中考真题）China’s first Mars rover, Zhurong, touched down on the Red Planet _______ May 15, 2021.
A．on B．in C．at D．to
17．（2021·四川成都市·中考真题）It is hard for people to move forward with a strong wind ________ hard.
A．blown B．blowing C．to blow
18．（2021·江苏连云港市·中考真题）The Communist Party of China will have its 100th birthday ________ July 1st, 2021.
A．in B．at C．on D．around
19．（2021·重庆中考真题）The Tianwen-1 Probe landed on Mars ________ May 15th, 2021.
A．at B．in C．to D．on
课后练习
1.【2020 贵州黔南州】There is going to be an English movie in our school __________ the evening of June 30.
A. at B. in C. for D. on
2.【2020 海南省】Eight members of a Chinese team arrived _________the top of Mount Qomolangma successfully.
A. in B. at C. to
3.【2020 河北省】When are you arriving I’ll pick you up the station.
A. at B. to C. on D. off
4.【2020 黑龙江绥化】—What time is it —It's half __________ seven.
A. past B. to C. at
5.【2020 江苏省淮安市】When you have joys, you can share them _________ your friends.
A. for B. in C. with D. on
6.【2020 南通市】My uncle’s reviews on the four great classical Chinese novels may be published ________ the summer of 2021.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
7.【2020 盐城市】Yancheng is the only city China to be named after salt.
A. at B. on C. in D. with
8.【2020 扬州市】Han clothing is becoming more popular ________ young people.
A. over B. among C. between D. about
9.【2020 镇江市】China sent up the final satellite of Beidou Navigation Satellite System(北斗卫星导航系统) from Xichang Satellite Center___________ June 23,2020.
A. at B. in C. to D. on
10.【2020 徐州市】I met Nancy ________my way home yesterday.
A. in B. at C. by D. on
11.【2020 江西省】We had an art festival ________ April 20th, 2020.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
12.【2020 铁岭葫芦岛】Don't use your mobile phone when you go ________ the road. It's dangerous.
A. through B. over C. into D. across
13.【2020 青海省】Cookies are just the thing to serve ________ tall glasses of real lemon juice.
A. at B. in C. with
14.【2020 青海省】—Xining is getting more and more beautiful.
—Oh, yes. I think more changes are ________.
A. on the radio B. in the end C. on the way
15.【2020 青岛市】You'd better not hang out after school ________ telling your parents. They may worry about you.
A. by B. with C. without D. after
16.【2020 山西省】As students, we're supposed to go to the museum often. We can get more knowledge from the things ________.
A. on show B. on sale C. on land
17.【2020 云南省】In the last few months the teachers have given lessons ________ the Internet as webcasts（主播）.
A. for B. at C. in D. on
18.【2020 昆明市】My hometown, Kunming, is famous ________fresh flowers. No matter when you visit it, they will catch your eye.
A. as B. for C. of D. by
19.【2020 福建省】The Chinese survey team remeasured（重新测量）Qomolangma successfully ________ May 27, 2020.
A．in B．on C．at
20.【2020 上海市】Mr． Smith always encourages his students to be active________class．
A．in B．by C．with D．from
21.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】Some people prefer tea_________ milk. However, I like drinking tea without anything in it.
A. to B. with C. of
22.【2020 黑龙江牡丹江、鸡西地区】The ancient town has been open to visitors________about ten years．
A．by B．for C．on D．though
23.【2020 四川攀枝花】—Cindy, it's very nice _____________you to lend me your car. It helps me a lot.
—It's my pleasure.
A．with B．of C．for D．to
24.【2020 天津市】It is going to rain. Take an umbrella ________ you.
A．with B．at C．in D．from
25.【2020 湖北省黄石市】More and more people in Huangshi choose to go to work ________bike.
A．in B．with C．on D．by
26.【2020 湖北省十堰市】—I am hungry now. I come to school ______ breakfast this morning.
—You should get up early.
A．of B．to C．at D．without
27.【2020 鄂州市】Although the man is in his eighties, he grows vegetables ________ in his garden.
A. in public B. in person C. in silence D. in fact
28.【2020 武汉市】— Which is your uncle
—The big man, smartly dressed______________ a suit and tie.
A. on B. with C. for D. in
