现在完成时
中考考察重点：
现在完成时的结构
现在完成时的定义
延续性动词与非延续性动词区别
一般现在与现在完成的区别
考察形式：单选、词汇等
一、现在完成时基本结构：
肯定句 主语+ have/has+过去分词(done)+其他. He has just copied all the new words.
We've just cleaned the classroom.
否定句 主语+have/has +not+过去分词+其他. I haven't finished my homework yet. She hasn't travelled on a train.
一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. 否定回答：No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't. No, not yet./No , never. ---Have you ever made dumplings ---Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
---Has she ever been abroad ---No, never.
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他？ ---How long have you lived in Beijing ---I have lived in Beijing for ten years.
【注：动词的过去分词构成规则】
规则变化
大部分动词在词尾直接加-ed clean cleaned help helped
以不发音的e结尾的，直接加-d like liked live lived
以辅音字母+y结尾的单词，变y为i再加ed try tried study studied
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母的，需要双写最后这个辅音字母再加-ed. plan planned stop stopped
不规则变化
1.AAA
Cost-cost-cost cut-cut-cut
2.ABB
Beat-beat-beaten
3.ABA
Come-came-come run-ran-run
4.ABB
（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。
Burn-burnt-burnt deal-dealt-dealt
（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
Build-built-built lend-lent-lent spend-spent-spent
（3）原形→ought →ought
Bring-brought-brought buy-bought-bought think-thought-thought
原形→aught →aught
Catch-caught-caught teach-taught-taught
（5）变其中一个元音字母
Dig-dug-dug feed-fed-fed
（6）原形→ lt/pt/ft→lt/pt/ft
Feel-felt-felt keep-kept-kept sleep-slept-slept
（7）其它
Lay-laid-laid pay-paid-paid say-said-said
5.ABC
（1）原形→过去式→原形+(e)n
Blow-blew-blown drive-drove-driven
（2）原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
Break-broke-broken choose-chose-chosen get-got-got
（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。
[i→a →u]
Begin-began-begun drink-drank-drunk sing-sang-sung
（4）其它
Be-was/were-been bear-bore-born
写出下列单词的过去分词形式
work _________ finish ___________ arrive___________
change_________ see___________ have___________
marry__________ visit__________ miss___________
prefer__________ do___________ hear____________
live____________ clean________ study___________
meet___________ be __________ climb___________
plan____________ take_________ stop____________
keep____________ buy_________ spend____________
learn___________ forget__________ bring____________
二、现在完成时用法
用法 1. 过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。 谓语动词一般为短暂性动词。 2. 表示过去的动作一直持续的现在，而且还可能继续下去。 谓语动词一般为延续性动词。
图示
时间状语 时间副词: already（已经） yet（还、已经） just（刚刚、仅仅） ever（曾经） never（从不） before（以前）等 1) since+时间点 2) for+时间段 3) “到目前为止…”：until now, up until now, up to now, up till now, so far… 4) “在最近几世纪/年/月以来…”：in/over the past few years, for the last few centuries, throughout history, through centuries… 5) 次数：once; twice; three times等
例句 I've already read this book. （“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”。） The woman hasn't found her dog yet ． （没找到狗，心里着急，这就是对现在的影响。） I have lived here for 3 years. The teacher has taught in this school since I came here.
【注1：already; yet; just; ever; never; before的用法】
词义 适用的句式结构 位置 例句
already 已经 肯定句 可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末 I've already read this book. I've washed my clothes already.
yet 已经；还 疑问句或否定句 常放在句末 Has he found his watch yet The woman hasn't found her dog yet
just 刚刚 不受句型的限制 常放在助动词与过去分词之间 He has just come back from school.
ever 曾经 疑问句或否定句 放在助动词与过去分词之间 Have you ever been to Hong Kong. I haven't ever spoken to her.
never 从来没有 否定句 常与before连用(before要放在句尾，而never多放在助动词与过去分词之间) I have never travelled by plane before.
before 以前 不受句型的限制 总是放在句末 Have you been to Hainan before I haven't eaten Guangdong food before.
【注2：since和for的用法】
for + 一段时间 She has learned English for 5 years.
since + 过去某一时间点的词组或一般过去式的句子 或 it is/was+一段时间+since+句子“自从…有多久了” Have you stayed here since 3 o’clock He has lived in Beijing since he was born. It is three years since he left Beijing.
都可用how long来提问 How long has she learned English How long has he lived in Beijing
例题1：用since和for填空
1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month
4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock
7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago 9) _______ we were children
10) ______ she left here
例题2：用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空
1) I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2) Jack has _________ finished his homework ________ an hour ago.
3) Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4) “Have you ________ seen the film ” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5) “Has the bus left _______ ” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
例题1答案：for; since; since; since; since; since; for; since; since; since
例题2答案：1) never 2) already; since 3) for 4) ever; never 5) yet; already
三、延续性动词与非延续性动词
动词按其动作发生的方式，发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
延续性动词 表示能够延续的动作，也可以表示经验与经历，如：learn; sleep; keep; live等 可以与for 和 since 引导的时间状语连用 He has lived here for 6 years.
非延续性动词 也叫短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束，如：open; begin; finish; come; go; borrow等 不能与for 和 since 引导的时间状语连用 She has already finished her work.
非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换
1. 转化为相应的延续性动词
borrow → keep buy → have put on → wear
get to know → know get to sleep → sleep catch a cold → have a cold
2. 转化为 be+形容词/副词/介词/名词
begin/start → be on go out → be out die → be dead
open → be open get to/ arrive in/reach → be in+地点 come/ go → be + 相应的介词短语
finish → be over fall ill → be ill get up → be up
fall asleep → be asleep join → be in+活动/组织 go to school → be in school
become → be make friends → be friends close → be closed
go to bed → be in bed leave → be away(from)
四、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
1. 现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果；而一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关 --I want to see the film Doraemon tonight, will you go with me --I’d like to, but I have seen it with my mother. -- Well, ok . When did you see it -- I saw the film last weekend.
2. 现在完成时常与模糊的时间状语连用，如：for, since, so far, ever, never, recently, yet, just, till/until, up to now, in the past few years…或无时间状语 一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week, … ago, in June, in 1980, just now… I have already seen the film. I saw the film last week.
5、have been to; have gone to和have been in的区别
have/ has been to 表示：曾经去过某地，已经回来了 She has been to Shanghai. （她去过上海，已经回来了）
have/ has gone to 表示： 去了某地，还没有回来 She has gone to Shanghai. （她去了上海，还没有回来）
have been in 表示：在某地呆了多少时间，常与一段时间连用 I have been in Shanghai for three years. 我到上海已有三年了。
例题1：用have been to; have gone to和have been in填空
1)---Where is your brother
---He __________ the shop. He’ll be back soon.
2) --- _____ you ever _______ to America
---Yes, I _______ New York twice.
3) ---David ___________ Australia.
---I’m sure he has already arrived.
4) ---Is Benny here
---No, he ______ the school library. He left five minutes ago.
5) Mike and his parents __________ the south for half a year.
例题2：---Lucy has ______ to London. How can I get in touch with her
---Don’t worry. She will phone you as soon as she _____ there.
A. been, will get B. been, gets C. gone, will get D. gone, gets
例题3：“I want to go to Mars, because it’s a place that no one ______to before,” said Carson.
A. has gone B. has been C. was D. went
例题4：---_____ you ever _____to the Great Wall
---Yes. Three times.
A. Has, been B. Have, been C. Have, gone
答案：1) has gone to 2) Have; been; have been to 3) has gone to 4) has gone to
5) has been in DAB
中考真题
1．（2021黑龙江大庆市中考真题）It ________ 100 years since the Communist Party ________ .
A．was; was founded B．has been; was founded
C．has been; founded D．was; founded
【答案】B句意：共产党成立已经100年了。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语从句“since the Communist Party… .”可知，空一应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done；主语“It”是第三人称单数形式，助动词应用has；be的过去分词是been；since引导的时间状语从句应用一般过去时，且主语和动词之间是动宾关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，构成形式为：was/were done；主语“the Communist Party”是第三人称单数形式，助动词应用was；found的过去分词是founded。故选B。
2．（2021广西百色市中考）I ________ this bike for three years. I like it so much.
A．bought B．had C．have bought D．have had
【答案】D句意：我买这辆自行车三年了。我很喜欢它。
考查现在完成时。根据for three years可知，此句应该是现在完成时，排除选项A和B；空处谓语动词应该用延续性动词，排除选项C。故选D。
3．（2021·湖南邵阳市·中考真题）—COVID-19 is spreading wildly in India. Take care!
—Yes. More than 300,000 people ________ there.
A．die B．are dying C．have died
【答案】C句意：——新型冠状病毒肺炎正在印度广泛传播。保重！——是的。超过30万人在那里死亡。
考查时态辨析。根据“COVID-19 is spreading wildly in India.”可知病毒还在传播中，应是从过去到目前为止已经死了30万人，用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选C。
4．（2021·江苏宿迁市·中考真题）—Mum, where is David
— He ________ to see the science fiction film Back to the future.
A．is going B．goes C．has gone D．was going
【答案】C句意：——妈妈，大卫在哪？——他去看科幻电影《回到未来》了。
考查动词时态。大卫“看电影”的动作发生在过去，并且对上文两人之间的对话产生影响，故为现在完成时态，结构是have/has done。故选C。
5．（2021·湖南益阳市·中考真题）—Jack, how do you like the new movie Hi, Mom! directed（导演） by Jia Ling
—Well, it’s really a funny movie. I ______ it for three times.
A．am watching B．will watch C．have watched
【答案】C句意：——Jack，你觉得由贾玲导演的《你好，李焕英》这部电影怎么样？——哦，它真的是一部很有趣的电影。我已经看了三遍了。
考查动词时态。根据“for three times”可知，表示强调次数，用现在完成时has/have done的结构，故选C。
6．（2021湖北黄石市中考真题）Over the past few months, Chinese COVID vaccines (疫苗) ________ in many other countries.
A．have arrived B．arrived C．will arrive D．had arrived
【答案】A句意：近几个月来，中国新冠肺炎疫苗已抵达多个国家。
考查现在完成时。根据“Over the past few months”可知，本句应使用现在完成时，强调动作已经发生，故选A。
7．（2021四川凉山彝族自治州中考真题）—Your scarf is so beautiful! When did you buy it
—On my 18th birthday. I ________ it for 6 years.
A．bought B．will have C．have had D．have bought
【答案】C句意：——你的围巾真漂亮！你什么时候买的？——在我18岁生日。我买了6年了。
考查动词时态。for+一段时间，句子用现在完成时have/has done的结构，排除A和B选项。且动词要用延续性动词，buy是短暂性动词，have是延续性动词，故选C。
8．（2021湖北襄阳市中考真题）—Why are you in such a hurry
—Because the class ________ for 10 minutes.
A．has been on B．has begun C．is on D．begins
【答案】A句意：——你为什么这么着急？——因为课已经上了10分钟了。
考查延续性动词和非延续性动词。根据句中的时间状语“for 10 minutes”可知，句子应用现在完成时，构成形式为：have /has done，故排除C、D项；且动词应用延续性动词，而begin，开始，是非延续性动词，故排除。故选A。
9．（2021湖北黄冈市中考真题）— Dad, I can’t find my school ID card. Did you see it
— No, I didn’t. I think you ________ it!
A．lose B．will lose C．have lost D．are losing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——爸爸，我找不到我的学生证了。你看到了吗？——不，我没有。我想你把它弄丢了！
考查时态辨析。根据“Dad, I can’t find my school ID card.”可知过去已经丢了学生证，对现在造成了影响，用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选C。
10．（2021广西贺州市中考真题）China ________ great achievements in science and technology since 1978.
A．makes B．made C．has made D．is made
【答案】C句意：自1978年以来，中国在科学技术方面就取得了巨大成就。
考查现在完成时。根据“since 1978”可知，此处应使用现在完成时表示时间的延续，故选C。
11．（2021内蒙古包头市中考真题）Tea from China began to be sent abroad more than a thousand years ago and since then it ________ to the world.
A．was known B．is known C．has been known D．knows
【答案】C句意：中国茶在一千多年前就开始运往国外，从那时起就为世界所知。
考查现在完成时。根据“since then”可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故选C。
12．（2021湖北十堰市中考真题）—Do you know Mount Wudang in Shiyan
—Yes, I _________ it twice. It’s fantastic.
A．had climbed B．climb C．climbed D．have climbed
【答案】D句意：——你知道十堰的武当山吗？——是的，我爬了两次。太棒了。
考查时态。根据“twice”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示已经去过武当山，带来的影响就是熟悉武当山那个地方，结构是“have/has+过去分词”，故选D。
13．（2021青海中考真题）—I lost my cellphone in the shopping mall yesterday.
—Why not go to the Lost and Found They ________ one.
A．found B．have found C．had found
【答案】B句意：——我昨天在购物中心丢了手机。——为什么不去失物招领处呢？他们已经找到了一个。
考查现在完成时。分析“Why not go to the Lost and Found ”可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在有影响，现在可以去认领手机，用现在完成时，故选B。
14．（2021山东菏泽市中考真题）—It is reported that the First Flight Ceremony of Heze Mudan Airport was held on April 2nd, 2021.
—Yes. Great changes ________ in my hometown since I left home.
A．have taken place B．were taken place C．took place
【答案】A句意：——据报道，菏泽牡丹机场于2021年4月2日举行首飞仪式。——是的。自从我离开家以来，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
考查现在完成时。根据“since I left home”可知，此处是“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，应使用现在完成时，故选A。
15．（2021江苏南京市中考真题）I saw Julia in April and I ________ her since then.
A．don’t see B．didn’t see C．won’t see D．haven’t seen
【答案】D句意：我四月份见过朱莉娅，从那以后就再没见过她。
考查动词时态。根据“since then”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语为I，助动词用have，此处表示否定用haven’t。故选D。
16．（2021湖北武汉市中考真题）— What good books did you read recently
— I ________ Tales of China since last year, and now the third time.
A．read B．am reading C．have read D．will read
【答案】C句意：——你最近看什么好书了？——我从去年就开始读《中国好故事》，现在是第三遍。考查时态。根据“...since last year...”可知动作从过去某一时间开始延续至今，用现在完成时。故选C。
17．（2021江苏苏州市中考真题）The documentary A Plastic Ocean is so impressive that I ________ it several times so far.
A．watched B．watch C．have watched D．will watch
【答案】C句意：纪录片《塑料海洋》令人印象深刻，到目前为止我已经看过好几次了。
考查现在完成时。根据“so far”可知，此处用现在完成时，结构为have/has+动词过去分词，主语为I，助动词用have。故选C。
18．（2021江西中考真题）—How do we turn on the oven
—I ________ you, weren’t you listening
A．tell B．am telling C．will tell D．have told
【答案】D句意：——我们怎么打开烤箱？——我已经告诉过你，你当时没在听吗？
考查动词时态。根据“How do we turn on the oven”及“weren’t you listening”可知，表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时have/has done的结构，故选D。
19．（2021云南中考真题）The documentary Aerial China《航拍中国》is wonderful. So far, I ________ it three times.
A．watched B．will watch C．have watched D．watch
【答案】C句意：纪录片《航拍中国》很棒。到目前为止，我已经看了三次了。
考查现在完成时。根据“So far”可知，此处用现在完成时，强调次数，故选C。
20．（2021江苏连云港市中考真题）David Attenborough ________ 40 documentaries over the past 67 years. A Life on Our Planet is his latest work.
A．makes B．made C．has made D．is making
【答案】C句意：大卫·阿滕伯勒在过去67年里拍了40部纪录片。《我们星球上的生命》是他最新的作品。考查时态。根据“over the past 67 years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构是has/have+done，故选C。
21．（2021安徽中考真题）—Our computer is working again!
—Yes. Our IT teacher ________ it. It took him about an hour.
A．has fixed B．will fix C．is fixing D．was fixing
【答案】A句意：——我们的电脑又能工作了！——是的。我们的IT老师把它修好了。这花了他大约一个小时。考查动词时态。根据“Our computer is working again”可知，强调过去已完成的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时have/has done的结构，故选A。
22．（2021四川泸州市中考真题）—Where is Lucy I haven’t seen her for days.
—She ________ Chengdu. She’ll be back next week.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．have gone to D．have been to
【答案】A句意：——露西在哪里？我好几天没见到她了。——她去成都了。她下周回来。
考查have gone to的用法。have gone to表示说话人现在去了某地没回来；have been to表示说话人去过某地。根据“She’ll be back next week.”可知，露西去了成都没回来，主语“She”是第三人称单数，故助动词用“has”。故选A。
巩固练习
1.【2020 北京市101中学三模】 John speaks Chinese very well because he in China for many years．
A. lives B. has lived C. lived D. is living
【答案】B
【解析】句意：John汉语说得很好，因为他在中国生活很多年了。考查动词时态。lives居住，一般现在时；has lived居住，现在完成时；lived居住，一般过去时；is living居住，现在进行时。根据句意表示他在中国已经住了很多年了，for+时间段是现在完成时的标志。故选B。
2. 【2020 安徽省合肥市庐阳区二模】 —When will you hand in your report, Sarah
— Sorry, I _________it. Tomorrow will be OK.
A. don’t complete B. won't complete C. haven't completed D. didn't complete
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——莎拉，你什么时候交报告？——对不起，我还没完成。明天就可以了。
考查动词时态。don’t complete一般现在时；won't complete一般将来时；haven't completed现在完成时；didn't complete一般将来时。根据语境可知，莎拉的报告没有完成，并且该行为对现在产生了影响，故应为现在完成时。故选C。
3. 【2020 福建省龙岩市二模】—Huawei great progress in recent years.
—That's true. It is among the world's top 10 companies now.
A. is making B. has made C. makes
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——华为近年来取得了长足的进步。——这是真的。它现在是世界十大公司之一。
考查时态。 is making 现在进行时态的第三人称单数形式；has made 现在完成时态的第三人称单数形式；makes一般现在时态的第三人称单数形式。根据时间状语“in recent years.”，结合句意可知，主语是Huawei，此空应填现在完成时态的第三人称单数形式 has made，故选B。
4. 【2020 湖南省长沙市一模】— You look pale. Are you sick
— Yes. I don't feel well. My sister was sick several days ago and I am afraid she________ me her cold.
A. was giving B. will give C. has given
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你看起来脸色苍白。你生病了吗？——是的，我感觉不舒服。我的妹妹几天前生病了，恐怕她传染了我感冒。考查动词时态。was giving过去进行时结构；will give一般将来时结构；has given现在完成时结构。根据上文“I don't feel well.”可知传染感冒的动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响依然存在，所以用现在完成时，故选C。
5.【2020 江苏省南通市海门市二模】 — I remember that Mr.Green once traveled broad.
— Not only Mr.Green but also his daughters ______ abroad twice.
A. have gone B. have been C. has gone D. has been
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——我记得格林先生曾有一次到国外旅行。——不仅格林先生出过两次国，他的女儿们也出过两次国。考查现在完成时及就近原则。have/has been to表示去过某地，现在已经回来了；have/has gone to表示去了某地，现在还没有回来。从twice判断曾经去过两次，说明已经从某地返回，所以应用have/has been to结构，排除A、C选项；not only…but also…连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”，daughters为复数，所以用have，排除D选项，而且abroad为副词，所以介词to需要省略；故答案选B。
6. 【2020 北京市昌平区二模】I am a little heavier than 6 months ago. I ________ exercises since January.
A. didn't do B. haven't done C. am not doing D. won't do
【答案】B
【解析】句意：我比六个月之前更重了一点。自从一月份以来我就没有锻炼。考查动词时态。didn’t do没有做，一般过去时；haven’t done没有做，现在完成时；am not doing现在进行时；won’t do一般将来时。根据句意和句中的since January可知，这句话应用现在完成时态，故选B。
7. 【2020 北京市丰台区三模】 Tom’s mother _________ his room already. It is very clean.
A. has cleaned B. cleaned C. will clean D. is cleaning
【答案】A
【解析】句意：汤姆的妈妈已经打扫了他的房间。房间非常干净。本题考查动词的时态。has cleaned 现在完成时；cleaned 过去时；will clean一般将来时； is cleaning现在进行时。根据“It is very clean”可知此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，所以用现在完成时态；现在完成时态结构为：have/has+动词过去分词，故选A。
8.【2020 北京市朝阳区中考零模】It’s nice to see you again. We ______ each other for a long time.
A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. won’t see D. don’t see
【答案】B
【解析】句意：很高兴再次见到你。我们有很长时间没有见面了。考查现在完成时。see看见。didn't see一般过去时的否定；haven't seen现在完成时的否定；won't see一般将来时的否定；don't see一般现在时的否定。根据题干中“for a long time”可知是说已经很长时间没见了，用现在完成时，其否定式是haven't/hasn't done。故选B。
9. 【2020 北京市门头沟一模】 My uncle ________ here since 1996.
A. works B. worked C. has worked D. will work
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我的叔叔自从1996年就一直在这里工作。考查动词时态。works工作，动词第三人称单数形式；worked过去式或过去分词形式；has worked现在完成时；will work一般将来时。根据句意和句中的since 1996可知，这句话表示的动作从过去开始持续到现在，应用现在完成时。故选C。
10. We ________ each other since I came to Beijing, but we send emails very often.
A. don't see B. didn't see C. won't see D. haven't seen
【答案】D句意：自从我来北京，我们就没见过面，但我们经常发电子邮件。本题考查时态。don't see是一般现在时；didn’t see是一般过去时；won’t see是一般将来时；haven’t seen是现在完成时。根据since I came to Being可知，此处用现在完成时，故选D。
11. Since 1990, Project Hope ________ millions of students from poor families realize their dreams.
A. will help B. has helped C. helps
【答案】B句意：自1990年以来，希望工程帮助了数百万贫困家庭的学生实现了他们的梦想。考查动词时态。will help一般将来时；has helped现在完成时；helps一般现在时。根据时间状语since 1990，可知该句应用现在完成时have/has done，再结合主语是Project Hope ，故谓语用单数，故选B。
12.—Maria, what do you think of Mount Fanjing
—Very cool. I________ there once. I’d like to go there again.
A. has been B. have been C. have gone D. has gone
【答案】B句意：——玛丽亚，你认为梵净山怎么样？——非常棒。我曾经到过那里，我想再去一次。考查时态辨析。has been去过已回，第三人称单数；have been原形；have gone去了未回，原形；has gone第三人称单数。根据“I’d like to go there again.”可知，她去过已回；主语为I，用动词原形，故选B。
13. —Hi, Jill. I ________ in my math since you shared your good experience with me.
—Great! Congratulations!
A. have made rapid progress B. made rapid progress C. will make rapid progress
【答案】A句意：——你好，吉尔。自从你和我分享了你的好经验，我的数学进步很快。——好极了！恭喜你！考查现在完成时。make rapid progress取得快速的进步。根据题干中“since you shared your good experience with me”可知这里是含since的主从复合句，since引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句要用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，结合选项可知A项符合题意。故选A。
14. Bob, you ________in this city since 2018. How do you like it
A. lived B. live C. have lived
【答案】C句意：鲍勃，你从2018年起就住在这个城市了。你觉得这座城市怎么样？考查现在完成时。lived一般过去时；live一般现在时；have lived现在完成时。分析句子可知，此处表示“你从2018年起就住在这个城市了”，强调时间的延续，构成“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”，所以此处使用现在完成时。故选C。
15. --It's 20 years since we came back to Liangshan.
--How time flies! We ___________ in our hometown for such a long time.
A. work B. worked C. has worked D. have worked
【答案】D句意：——我们回到凉山20年了。——时光飞逝!我们在家乡工作了这么长的时间。考查动词的时态。work动词的一般现在时的原形；worked动词的过去式；has worked动词的现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数；have worked动词的现在完成时态。主语we是复数；根据“for such a long time”可知强调动作的持续，用现在完成时have worked。故选D。
16. I ________ the guitar ever since I was 8 years old.
A. played B. have played C. am playing D. will play
【答案】B句意：自从我八岁我就弹吉他。考查动词的时态。played动词的过去式；have played动词的现在完成时；am playing动词的现在进行时；will play动词的一般将来时。根据“since I was 8 years old”可知句子是现在完成时，动词用have played。故选B。
17. I’m so glad that I nearly half of the test now.
A. finish B. finished C. will finish D. have finished
【答案】D句意：我很高兴我现在已经完成了将近一半的考试。考查动词时态。finish动词原形；finished动词过去式；will finish一般将来时；have finished现在完成时。根据句意可知，这里是过去的动作对现在造成的结果，所以用现在完成时，故选D。
18. Mr Jiang _______ the company to develop the 5G network for years. Now he works as the chief engineer in it.
A. joined B. was a member of
C. has joined D. has been a member of
【答案】D句意：江先生作为该公司的一员多年来一直致力于5G网络的开发。现在他在这家公司任总工程师。
考查动词时态。joined加入，一般过去时；was a member of是……一员，一般过去时；has joined已经加入，现在完成时；has been a member of已经成为……一员，现在完成时。根据语句中for years及语境可知，本句为现在完成时态，故排除A、B两选项。join为瞬时性动词，不能在现在完成时中与时间段连用；be a member of为延续性动作，可在现在完成时中与时间段连用，故此处应为has been a member of即多年来作为公司的一员。故选D。
19. Some primary and secondary schools ________ winter sports to their courses since Beijing won the right to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
A. added B. will add C. have added D. were adding
【答案】C句意：自从北京获得了2022年冬奥会举办权，一些中小学就已经将冬季运动加到他们的课程中了。
考查现在完成时。added一般过去时；will add一般将来时；have added现在完成时；were adding过去进行时。分析句子可知，此处强调动作已经发生，构成“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，所以此处应用现在完成时。故选C。
20. —Mum, I want to watch the news about our school. Change the channel, please!
—What a pity! It is eight o'clock now. It___________ for a while.
A. has been over B. was over C. has finished D. finished
【答案】A句意：——妈妈，我想看我们学校的新闻。请换频道！——真遗憾！现在是八点钟。它已经结束一段时间了。考查动词时态。has been over已经结束了，现在完成时；was over结束了，一般过去时；has finished已经结束了，现在完成时；finished结束，一般过去时。根据语境可知，学校新闻已经结束了，这件事对“现在不能观看了”产生了影响，故应为现在完成时，故排除B、D两项。另句中for a while表示一段时间，与现在完成时连用时，应用延续性动词，而动词finish为瞬时性动词，不能在现在完成时中与一段时间连用，故排除C项。be over表示延续性动作，可在现在完成时中与时间段连用，即has been over。故选A。
21. —Mum, where is dad
—He ________ the supermarket.
A. was going to B. has gone to C. has been to D. is going to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——妈妈，爸爸哪里？——他去超市了。考查时态。was going to将要，过去将来时；has gone to去了（未回），现在完成时；has been to去过（已回），现在完成时；is going to将要，一般将来时；根据句意理解及前面的问句where is dad 可知爸爸现在不在这里，这里表达的是“去了某地还没回来”，英语是have/ has gone to，故选B。
22. —Let's go for a walk.
—But I ________ my work yet.
A. don't finish B. won't finish C. didn't finish D. haven't finished
【答案】D句意：——我们去散步吧。——但是我还没有完成工作。考查动词时态辨析。don’t finish一般现在时；won’t finish一般将来时；didn’t finish一般过去时；haven’t finished现在完成时。句中yet表示“还”，通常与现在完成时连用，所以空格处填haven’t finished。故选D。
23. Since 1989, Project Hope________millions of young people from poor families achieve their dreams of going to school.
A. will help B. helps C. has helped D. is helping
【答案】C句意：自1989以来，希望工程已经帮助了数百万贫困家庭的年轻人实现了上学的梦想。
考查时态。will help一般将来时；helps一般现在时；has helped现在完成时；is helping现在进行时。根据时间状语Since 1989，可知该句应用现在完成时have/has done，又因为主语为Project Hope，所以用has，故选C。
24.— The air here is much fresher than before.
—Exactly! We a lot of trees in the past few years.
A．planted B．were planting C．have planted D．will plant
【答案】C句意：——这里的空气比以前新鲜多了。——确实！在过去的几年里，我们种了很多树。考查现在完成时。A：一般过去时；B：过去进行时；C：现在完成时；D：一般将来时。分析句子可知，此处强调过去种的树使现在的空气更清新，强调对现在的影响，所以应用现在完成时，in the past+一段时间，用于现在完成时态的句子中，故选C。
25. Han Mei, a good friend of mine, ________ me a lot with my English in the past three years.
A．helps B．helped C．has helped
【答案】C句意：韩梅，我的一个好朋友，在过去的三年里她对我的英语帮助了很多。考查动词时态。helps一般现在时；helped一般过去时；has helped现在完成时。根据句意和句中的时间状语in the past three years可知，这句话说的是三年前持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时。故选C。
26. —Where is your uncle I haven't seen him for a long time.
—Oh, he_____________ Sydney.
A．went to B．has been to C．has gone to D．goes to
【答案】C句意：——你叔叔去哪儿了？我好久没见过他了。——他去悉尼了。考查现在完成时。went to一般过去时；has been to现在完成时，去过；has gone to现在完成时，去了未归；goes to一般现在时。根据上文时间状语为for+一段时间，可知用现在完成时，排除AD；又根据前文“I haven't seen him for a long time”，可知是还没回来，故选C。
27. — The new shirt looks good on you. When did you buy it
—On July 7th. I________ it for a week.
A．have bought B．have had C．bought D．buy
【答案】B句意：——你穿这件新衬衫很好看。你什么时候买的？——在7月7日。我买一个星期了。
考查动词时态辨析。have bought现在完成时；have had现在完成时；bought一般过去时；buy一般现在时。for+一段时间，表示动作从过去某个时间开始，一直延续到现在，并有继续下去的可能，句子用现在完成时，排除C和D选项。一段时间要与持续性动词连用，buy是短暂性动词，其对应的持续性动词是have，所以空格处填have had。故选B。
28. —The book is popular. ________ you ________ it yet
—Yes, I have.
A．Are; reading B．Were; reading C．Have; read D．Will; read
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——这本书很受欢迎。你读过了吗？——是的，我读过了。考查现在完成时。Are; reading构成现在进行时；Were; reading构成过去进行时；Have; read构成现在完成时；Will; read构成一般将来时。根据问句句尾的yet及答句“Yes, I have.”可知问句要用现在完成时。故选C。
29. I like novels written by J. K. Rowling. So far I ________all her works about Harry Potter.
A．have read B．read C．am reading
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我喜欢J. K. 罗琳的小说，到目前为止，我已经读了她写的哈利波特的所有著作。
考查动词的时态。have read动词的现在完成时；read动词的一般现在时的原形；am reading动词的现在进行时。根据so far可知此处是现在完成时，动词用have read。故选A。
30. —What do you usually do in your spare time
—I often go to our community library. It ________ for two years in order to encourage us to read more.
A. opens B. has opened C. has been opened D. has been open
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——你在空余时间通常做什么？——我经常去社区图书馆。为了鼓励我们阅读更多，它已经开两年了。考查现在完成时态。opens动词的一般现在时的第三人称单数；has opened已经打开；has been opened已经被打开；has been open现在完成时，形容词作表语，表示一直开着。根据“for two years”此处表示的是从过去开始，一直延续的动作。open是非延续性动词，此处用形容词形式be open表示状态，可以延续。现在完成时用has been open。故选D。
31.In the past 70 years, China________historic changes and made great achievements.
A. experienced B. experiences
C. has experienced D. would experience
【答案】C
【解析】句意：70年来，中国经历了历史性的变化，取得了巨大成就。考查时态。A项为一般过去时；B项一般现在时；C项为现在完成时；D项为过去将来时。根据关键短语In the past 70 years可知，应该使用现在完成时，故选C。
32. —Project Hope celebrated its 30 birthday in 2019.
—Yeah. It ___________ children from poor families the chance to go to school since 1989.
A offered B. has offered C. is offered D. is offering
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——希望工程在2019年庆祝了它的30岁生日。——是的。自从1989年它给贫困家庭的孩子们提供了去上学的机会。考查动词的时态。offered动词的过去式；has offered动词的现在完成时；is offered动词的一般现在时的被动；is offering动词的现在进行时。根据“since 1989”可知是现在完成时，动词用has offered。故选B。
33. So far, the number of people using 5G mobile phones __________ a lot.
A. is increasing B. are increasing C. has increased D. have increased
【答案】C
【解析】句意：到目前为止，使用5G手机的人数增加了很多。
考查现在完成时。increase增加。根据题干中时间状语“So far”可知句子要用现在完成时，排除AB；再由主语中有“the number of ...”表示“……的数量”，可知助动词用has而不用have，排除D。故选C。
34. —How about the third season of documentary Aerial China（航拍中国）
—Great. I____________ it twice.
A. watched B. watch C. will watch D. have watched
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——纪录片《航拍中国》第三季怎么样？——太好了。我已经看了两遍了。
考查时态。watched观看，过去式；watch观看，动词原形；will watch观看，一般将来时；have watched观看，现在完成时；根据句意理解及空格后的twice可知，这里表达的是“已经看过两遍了”，所以应用现在完成时，故选D。现在完成时
中考考察重点：
现在完成时的结构
现在完成时的定义
延续性动词与非延续性动词区别
一般现在与现在完成的区别
考察形式：单选、词汇等
一、现在完成时基本结构：
肯定句 主语+ have/has+过去分词(done)+其他. He has just copied all the new words.
We've just cleaned the classroom.
否定句 主语+have/has +not+过去分词+其他. I haven't finished my homework yet. She hasn't travelled on a train.
一般疑问句 Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. 否定回答：No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't. No, not yet./No , never. ---Have you ever made dumplings ---Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t.
---Has she ever been abroad ---No, never.
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他？ ---How long have you lived in Beijing ---I have lived in Beijing for ten years.
【注：动词的过去分词构成规则】
规则变化
大部分动词在词尾直接加-ed clean cleaned help helped
以不发音的e结尾的，直接加-d like liked live lived
以辅音字母+y结尾的单词，变y为i再加ed try tried study studied
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母的，需要双写最后这个辅音字母再加-ed. plan planned stop stopped
不规则变化
1.AAA
Cost-cost-cost cut-cut-cut
2.ABB
Beat-beat-beaten
3.ABA
Come-came-come run-ran-run
4.ABB
（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。
Burn-burnt-burnt deal-dealt-dealt
（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
Build-built-built lend-lent-lent spend-spent-spent
（3）原形→ought →ought
Bring-brought-brought buy-bought-bought think-thought-thought
原形→aught →aught
Catch-caught-caught teach-taught-taught
（5）变其中一个元音字母
Dig-dug-dug feed-fed-fed
（6）原形→ lt/pt/ft→lt/pt/ft
Feel-felt-felt keep-kept-kept sleep-slept-slept
（7）其它
Lay-laid-laid pay-paid-paid say-said-said
5.ABC
（1）原形→过去式→原形+(e)n
Blow-blew-blown drive-drove-driven
（2）原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n
Break-broke-broken choose-chose-chosen get-got-got
（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。
[i→a →u]
Begin-began-begun drink-drank-drunk sing-sang-sung
（4）其它
Be-was/were-been bear-bore-born
写出下列单词的过去分词形式
work _________ finish ___________ arrive___________
change_________ see___________ have___________
marry__________ visit__________ miss___________
prefer__________ do___________ hear____________
live____________ clean________ study___________
meet___________ be __________ climb___________
plan____________ take_________ stop____________
keep____________ buy_________ spend____________
learn___________ forget__________ bring____________
二、现在完成时用法
用法 1. 过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。 谓语动词一般为短暂性动词。 2. 表示过去的动作一直持续的现在，而且还可能继续下去。 谓语动词一般为延续性动词。
图示
时间状语 时间副词: already（已经） yet（还、已经） just（刚刚、仅仅） ever（曾经） never（从不） before（以前）等 1) since+时间点 2) for+时间段 3) “到目前为止…”：until now, up until now, up to now, up till now, so far… 4) “在最近几世纪/年/月以来…”：in/over the past few years, for the last few centuries, throughout history, through centuries… 5) 次数：once; twice; three times等
例句 I've already read this book. （“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”。） The woman hasn't found her dog yet ． （没找到狗，心里着急，这就是对现在的影响。） I have lived here for 3 years. The teacher has taught in this school since I came here.
【注1：already; yet; just; ever; never; before的用法】
词义 适用的句式结构 位置 例句
already 已经 肯定句 可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末 I've already read this book. I've washed my clothes already.
yet 已经；还 疑问句或否定句 常放在句末 Has he found his watch yet The woman hasn't found her dog yet
just 刚刚 不受句型的限制 常放在助动词与过去分词之间 He has just come back from school.
ever 曾经 疑问句或否定句 放在助动词与过去分词之间 Have you ever been to Hong Kong. I haven't ever spoken to her.
never 从来没有 否定句 常与before连用(before要放在句尾，而never多放在助动词与过去分词之间) I have never travelled by plane before.
before 以前 不受句型的限制 总是放在句末 Have you been to Hainan before I haven't eaten Guangdong food before.
【注2：since和for的用法】
for + 一段时间 She has learned English for 5 years.
since + 过去某一时间点的词组或一般过去式的句子 或 it is/was+一段时间+since+句子“自从…有多久了” Have you stayed here since 3 o’clock He has lived in Beijing since he was born. It is three years since he left Beijing.
都可用how long来提问 How long has she learned English How long has he lived in Beijing
例题1：用since和for填空
1) ______ two years 2) _______ two years ago 3) _______ last month
4) ______ 1999 5) _______ yesterday 6) _______ 4 o’clock
7) ______ 4 hours 8) _______ an hour ago 9) _______ we were children
10) ______ she left here
例题2：用never, ever, already, yet, for, since填空
1) I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2) Jack has _________ finished his homework ________ an hour ago.
3) Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4) “Have you ________ seen the film ” “No, I have ________ seen it.”
5) “Has the bus left _______ ” “Yes, it has _________ left.”
三、延续性动词与非延续性动词
动词按其动作发生的方式，发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
延续性动词 表示能够延续的动作，也可以表示经验与经历，如：learn; sleep; keep; live等 可以与for 和 since 引导的时间状语连用 He has lived here for 6 years.
非延续性动词 也叫短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束，如：open; begin; finish; come; go; borrow等 不能与for 和 since 引导的时间状语连用 She has already finished her work.
非延续性动词与延续性动词之间的转换
1. 转化为相应的延续性动词
borrow → keep buy → have put on → wear
get to know → know get to sleep → sleep catch a cold → have a cold
2. 转化为 be+形容词/副词/介词/名词
begin/start → be on go out → be out die → be dead
open → be open get to/ arrive in/reach → be in+地点 come/ go → be + 相应的介词短语
finish → be over fall ill → be ill get up → be up
fall asleep → be asleep join → be in+活动/组织 go to school → be in school
become → be make friends → be friends close → be closed
go to bed → be in bed leave → be away(from)
四、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
1. 现在完成时强调过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果；而一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关 --I want to see the film Doraemon tonight, will you go with me --I’d like to, but I have seen it with my mother. -- Well, ok . When did you see it -- I saw the film last weekend.
2. 现在完成时常与模糊的时间状语连用，如：for, since, so far, ever, never, recently, yet, just, till/until, up to now, in the past few years…或无时间状语 一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last week, … ago, in June, in 1980, just now… I have already seen the film. I saw the film last week.
5、have been to; have gone to和have been in的区别
have/ has been to 表示：曾经去过某地，已经回来了 She has been to Shanghai. （她去过上海，已经回来了）
have/ has gone to 表示： 去了某地，还没有回来 She has gone to Shanghai. （她去了上海，还没有回来）
have been in 表示：在某地呆了多少时间，常与一段时间连用 I have been in Shanghai for three years. 我到上海已有三年了。
例题1：用have been to; have gone to和have been in填空
1)---Where is your brother
---He __________ the shop. He’ll be back soon.
2) --- _____ you ever _______ to America
---Yes, I _______ New York twice.
3) ---David ___________ Australia.
---I’m sure he has already arrived.
4) ---Is Benny here
---No, he ______ the school library. He left five minutes ago.
5) Mike and his parents __________ the south for half a year.
例题2：---Lucy has ______ to London. How can I get in touch with her
---Don’t worry. She will phone you as soon as she _____ there.
A. been, will get B. been, gets C. gone, will get D. gone, gets
例题3：“I want to go to Mars, because it’s a place that no one ______to before,” said Carson.
A. has gone B. has been C. was D. went
例题4：---_____ you ever _____to the Great Wall
---Yes. Three times.
A. Has, been B. Have, been C. Have, gone
中考真题
1．（2021黑龙江大庆市中考真题）It ________ 100 years since the Communist Party ________ .
A．was; was founded B．has been; was founded
C．has been; founded D．was; founded
2．（2021广西百色市中考）I ________ this bike for three years. I like it so much.
A．bought B．had C．have bought D．have had
3．（2021·湖南邵阳市·中考真题）—COVID-19 is spreading wildly in India. Take care!
—Yes. More than 300,000 people ________ there.
A．die B．are dying C．have died
4．（2021·江苏宿迁市·中考真题）—Mum, where is David
— He ________ to see the science fiction film Back to the future.
A．is going B．goes C．has gone D．was going
5．（2021·湖南益阳市·中考真题）—Jack, how do you like the new movie Hi, Mom! directed（导演） by Jia Ling
—Well, it’s really a funny movie. I ______ it for three times.
A．am watching B．will watch C．have watched
6．（2021湖北黄石市中考真题）Over the past few months, Chinese COVID vaccines (疫苗) ________ in many other countries.
A．have arrived B．arrived C．will arrive D．had arrived
7．（2021四川凉山彝族自治州中考真题）—Your scarf is so beautiful! When did you buy it
—On my 18th birthday. I ________ it for 6 years.
A．bought B．will have C．have had D．have bought
8．（2021湖北襄阳市中考真题）—Why are you in such a hurry
—Because the class ________ for 10 minutes.
A．has been on B．has begun C．is on D．begins
9．（2021湖北黄冈市中考真题）— Dad, I can’t find my school ID card. Did you see it
— No, I didn’t. I think you ________ it!
A．lose B．will lose C．have lost D．are losing
10．（2021广西贺州市中考真题）China ________ great achievements in science and technology since 1978.
A．makes B．made C．has made D．is made
11．（2021内蒙古包头市中考真题）Tea from China began to be sent abroad more than a thousand years ago and since then it ________ to the world.
A．was known B．is known C．has been known D．knows
12．（2021湖北十堰市中考真题）—Do you know Mount Wudang in Shiyan
—Yes, I _________ it twice. It’s fantastic.
A．had climbed B．climb C．climbed D．have climbed
13．（2021青海中考真题）—I lost my cellphone in the shopping mall yesterday.
—Why not go to the Lost and Found They ________ one.
A．found B．have found C．had found
14．（2021山东菏泽市中考真题）—It is reported that the First Flight Ceremony of Heze Mudan Airport was held on April 2nd, 2021.
—Yes. Great changes ________ in my hometown since I left home.
A．have taken place B．were taken place C．took place
15．（2021江苏南京市中考真题）I saw Julia in April and I ________ her since then.
A．don’t see B．didn’t see C．won’t see D．haven’t seen
16．（2021湖北武汉市中考真题）— What good books did you read recently
— I ________ Tales of China since last year, and now the third time.
A．read B．am reading C．have read D．will read
17．（2021江苏苏州市中考真题）The documentary A Plastic Ocean is so impressive that I ________ it several times so far.
A．watched B．watch C．have watched D．will watch
18．（2021江西中考真题）—How do we turn on the oven
—I ________ you, weren’t you listening
A．tell B．am telling C．will tell D．have told
19．（2021云南中考真题）The documentary Aerial China《航拍中国》is wonderful. So far, I ________ it three times.
A．watched B．will watch C．have watched D．watch
20．（2021江苏连云港市中考真题）David Attenborough ________ 40 documentaries over the past 67 years. A Life on Our Planet is his latest work.
A．makes B．made C．has made D．is making
21．（2021安徽中考真题）—Our computer is working again!
—Yes. Our IT teacher ________ it. It took him about an hour.
A．has fixed B．will fix C．is fixing D．was fixing
22．（2021四川泸州市中考真题）—Where is Lucy I haven’t seen her for days.
—She ________ Chengdu. She’ll be back next week.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．have gone to D．have been to
巩固练习
1.【2020 北京市101中学三模】 John speaks Chinese very well because he in China for many years．
A. lives B. has lived C. lived D. is living
2. 【2020 安徽省合肥市庐阳区二模】 —When will you hand in your report, Sarah
— Sorry, I _________it. Tomorrow will be OK.
A. don’t complete B. won't complete C. haven't completed D. didn't complete
3. 【2020 福建省龙岩市二模】—Huawei great progress in recent years.
—That's true. It is among the world's top 10 companies now.
A. is making B. has made C. makes
4. 【2020 湖南省长沙市一模】— You look pale. Are you sick
— Yes. I don't feel well. My sister was sick several days ago and I am afraid she________ me her cold.
A. was giving B. will give C. has given
5.【2020 江苏省南通市海门市二模】 — I remember that Mr.Green once traveled broad.
— Not only Mr.Green but also his daughters ______ abroad twice.
A. have gone B. have been C. has gone D. has been
6. 【2020 北京市昌平区二模】I am a little heavier than 6 months ago. I ________ exercises since January.
A. didn't do B. haven't done C. am not doing D. won't do
7. 【2020 北京市丰台区三模】 Tom’s mother _________ his room already. It is very clean.
A. has cleaned B. cleaned C. will clean D. is cleaning
8.【2020 北京市朝阳区中考零模】It’s nice to see you again. We ______ each other for a long time.
A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. won’t see D. don’t see
9. 【2020 北京市门头沟一模】 My uncle ________ here since 1996.
A. works B. worked C. has worked D. will work
10. We ________ each other since I came to Beijing, but we send emails very often.
A. don't see B. didn't see C. won't see D. haven't seen
11. Since 1990, Project Hope ________ millions of students from poor families realize their dreams.
A. will help B. has helped C. helps
12.—Maria, what do you think of Mount Fanjing
—Very cool. I________ there once. I’d like to go there again.
A. has been B. have been C. have gone D. has gone
13. —Hi, Jill. I ________ in my math since you shared your good experience with me.
—Great! Congratulations!
A. have made rapid progress B. made rapid progress C. will make rapid progress
14. Bob, you ________in this city since 2018. How do you like it
A. lived B. live C. have lived
15. --It's 20 years since we came back to Liangshan.
--How time flies! We ___________ in our hometown for such a long time.
A. work B. worked C. has worked D. have worked
16. I ________ the guitar ever since I was 8 years old.
A. played B. have played C. am playing D. will play
17. I’m so glad that I nearly half of the test now.
A. finish B. finished C. will finish D. have finished
18. Mr Jiang _______ the company to develop the 5G network for years. Now he works as the chief engineer in it.
A. joined B. was a member of
C. has joined D. has been a member of
19. Some primary and secondary schools ________ winter sports to their courses since Beijing won the right to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
A. added B. will add C. have added D. were adding
20. —Mum, I want to watch the news about our school. Change the channel, please!
—What a pity! It is eight o'clock now. It___________ for a while.
A. has been over B. was over C. has finished D. finished
21. —Mum, where is dad
—He ________ the supermarket.
A. was going to B. has gone to C. has been to D. is going to
22. —Let's go for a walk.
—But I ________ my work yet.
A. don't finish B. won't finish C. didn't finish D. haven't finished
23. Since 1989, Project Hope________millions of young people from poor families achieve their dreams of going to school.
A. will help B. helps C. has helped D. is helping
24.— The air here is much fresher than before.
—Exactly! We a lot of trees in the past few years.
A．planted B．were planting C．have planted D．will plant
25. Han Mei, a good friend of mine, ________ me a lot with my English in the past three years.
A．helps B．helped C．has helped
26. —Where is your uncle I haven't seen him for a long time.
—Oh, he_____________ Sydney.
A．went to B．has been to C．has gone to D．goes to
27. — The new shirt looks good on you. When did you buy it
—On July 7th. I________ it for a week.
A．have bought B．have had C．bought D．buy
28. —The book is popular. ________ you ________ it yet
—Yes, I have.
A．Are; reading B．Were; reading C．Have; read D．Will; read
29. I like novels written by J. K. Rowling. So far I ________all her works about Harry Potter.
A．have read B．read C．am reading
30. —What do you usually do in your spare time
—I often go to our community library. It ________ for two years in order to encourage us to read more.
A. opens B. has opened C. has been opened D. has been open
31.In the past 70 years, China________historic changes and made great achievements.
A. experienced B. experiences
C. has experienced D. would experience
32. —Project Hope celebrated its 30 birthday in 2019.
—Yeah. It ___________ children from poor families the chance to go to school since 1989.
A offered B. has offered C. is offered D. is offering
33. So far, the number of people using 5G mobile phones __________ a lot.
A. is increasing B. are increasing C. has increased D. have increased
34. —How about the third season of documentary Aerial China（航拍中国）
—Great. I____________ it twice.
A. watched B. watch C. will watch D. have watched
