高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册单元测试AB卷Unit11 Conflict and Compromise B卷能力提升（含答案和解析）

2021-2022学年高二英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第四册
单元测试AB卷Unit 11 Conflict and Compromise B卷能力提升
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Meeting at a church on a Friday night is not usual for most college students, but it is usual for the women members of the Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) in my hometown, which is an organization for alcoholics who want to stop drinking alcohol. AA is founded upon a number of principles, including twelve steps and twelve traditions, but the only requirement for becoming a member is a strong wish to stop drinking.
The AA meeting I attended was in a speaker week, which meant that most of the time was spent listening to a member talking about her journey with alcohol. The speaker told other members her true story of alcohol problems. The group processed the story in a positive way. I noticed several times when members laughed, smiled, and made brief supporting comments while she spoke. Later, a member named Lucy shared with me her view that "this is the kind of place where you can talk about things, and everyone just laughs...no judgment but support." Being able to talk about her feelings and experiences, receiving support, and the lack of judgment were a large part of her decision to keep coming to the meetings.
Years later, I looked back on the meeting I attended with positive memories. The members at the meeting were mothers, sisters, grandmothers, aunts, daughters, and friends. Some were professionals, some were students, and some were unemployed. Despite their differences, they united in their common goal for a better life. AA is a prime example of how a group of people follow a program and work together at changing their habits. The meeting changed the way I looked at addiction—it was no longer a monster. Now I think it's essential to have support when you're struggling with addiction, just as with any lifestyle change.
1. What is the purpose of the Alcoholics Anonymous
A. To create a program for college students. B. To improve the alcohol industry.
C. To help people give up drinking. D. To break twelve traditions.
2. What is most likely to hurt Lucy's feelings according to the text
A. Unfriendly judgment on her stories. B. Loud laughter from the audiences.
C. Too little time left for her. D. Silence after her speech.
3. What is the text mainly about
A. Sharing feelings with friends. B. My experience of an AA meeting.
C. AA helping women lead a better life. D. Tips on getting rid of alcohol addiction.
B
Even though a lot of art galleries and museums are free in the UK, many people seldom visit them for fear that they won't understand the art on display. They are afraid that other visitors may be more knowledgeable and that everyone else there understands what the artworks mean. But this simply isn't true. Everyone is equal in front of an artwork and there are no wrong answers.
Modem art can be particularly difficult to understand and appreciate but enjoying an artwork is a natural gift. Do you like it or not Do you want to find out more or not It really is that simple.
A very well-respected art historian, Ernst Gombrich believed that a viewer completed the artwork, and that part of an artwork's meaning came from the person viewing it. So, you see—even if you don't have an art history degree, there really are no wrong answers, as the viewer is completing the artwork.
But there are things you can do to understand and appreciate art a little bit more. When I look at an artwork, I undertake a visual analysis. I look at the formal elements— color, texture, size. Imagine we're viewing a painting. I look at the color; I look at the brushstrokes; I look at what is being described. If you're looking at artworks in a gallery, read the wall text at the side of the artwork. If staff are present, ask questions. Ask your fellow visitors what they think. Asking questions is the key to understanding more. But above all, have confidence in front of an artwork. If you are appreciating an artwork, then you are the intended viewer and what you think matters. You are the only critic that counts.
1. According to the text, why do people seldom visit museums
A. Many art museums are free in the UK.
B. They aren't confident in front of artworks.
C. The artworks there are not completed.
D. They are not interested in artworks.
2. What is Ernst Gombrich's opinion about artworks
A. Their meanings vary from person to person.
B. Asking questions is the key to understanding them.
C. It takes an art history degree to appreciate them.
D. They need an analysis of color, texture and size.
3. Where is this text most likely from
A. A diary. B. An art magazine.
C. A novel. D. A science report.
4. What can be the best title for the text
A. How to Understand Art B. The Power of Artworks
C. The Road to Modem Art D. How to Open an Art Gallery
C
Researchers have recorded penguins making sounds underwater for the first time — the first time such behavior has been identified in seabirds. These animals, like other seabirds, are highly vocal on land. They are known to communicate when their heads are above the water in the ocean, possibly for the purposes of group formation.
However, until the latest study—published in the journal Zoological Science—it was not known whether penguins made sounds underwater, like some other air-breathing marine predators, such as whales and dolphins. For their research, a team of scientists led by Andréa from Nelson Mandela University in South Africa, wanted to investigate this issue. To do so, they fitted adult penguins from three species with video cameras featuring built-in microphones.
To the surprise of Andréa and her colleagues, the team recorded a total of 203 underwater vocalizations from the penguins in the underwater footage they captured over a month-long period in 2019. These are the first recordings of seabirds producing vocalizations underwater. "I couldn't believe it. I had to replay it many times," Andréa said.
The vocalizations that the team recorded—which sound like rapid whoops—were very short in duration, lasting about 0. 06 seconds on average. And all of these sounds were emitted (发出) during dives in which the animals were searching for food. Currently, it is not clear why the penguins are making these sounds; however, they only produce them while hunting. In fact, more than 50 percent of the vocalizations were immediately preceded by an acceleration movement or followed by an attempt to hunt.
According to the researchers, this suggests that the sounds are related to hunting behavior—especially because the penguins tend to be alone when they make them, indicating that communication was not the purpose. The researchers guess that the penguins may be using the vocalizations to stun(使昏迷) their prey. However, much more research is required to determine why the penguins make these sounds, the scientists note.
1. How does Andréa's team conduct the study about penguins
A. By recording penguins' sounds on land.
B. By fixing electronic devices on the penguins.
C. By observing penguins' activities underwater.
D. By catching different kinds of adult penguins.
2. What can we infer from Andréa's words in paragraph 3
A. Penguins' sounds are too low to hear.
B. She doubts if penguins could make sounds.
C. Penguins seldom make sounds underwater.
D. It's not easy to obtain penguins' sounds underwater.
3. When do penguins probably produce sounds underwater
A. When they take a deep breath.
B. When they dive to hunt for food.
C. When they teach their babies diving.
D. When they communicate with their partners.
4. What is the scientists' attitude towards the research results
A. Cautious. B. Negative. C. Supportive. D. Indifferent.
D
"If I only had a little humility, I'd be perfect," the media giant Ted Turner supposedly said sometime in the 1990s. Why be modest Aristotle said, "All men by nature desire to know." Intellectual humility is a particular instance of humility, since you can be down-to-earth about most things but still ignore your mental limitations.
Intellectual humility means recognising that we don't know everything. Actually, it means we should acknowledge that we're probably biased in our belief about just how much we understand and seek out the sources of wisdom that we lack.
The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless knowledge at our fingertips. But, by making us lazy, they have opened up a space that ignorance can fill. The psychologist Tania Lombrozo of the University of California explained how technology enhances our illusions(错觉) of wisdom. She argues that the way we access information is critical to our understanding—and the more easily we can recall an image, word or statement, the more likely we'll think we've successfully learned it, and so withdraw from effortful cognitive processing. Logical puzzles presented in an unfriendly font(字体), for example, can encourage someone to make extra effort to solve them. Yet this approach runs counter to the nice designs of the apps and sites that populate our screens, where our brain processes information in a "smooth" way. What about all the information that presents online Well, your capacity to learn from it depends on your attitudes. Intellectually humble people don't hide or ignore their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and use arguments as an opportunity to refine their views. People who are humble by nature tend to be more open-minded and quicker to resolve disputes, since they recognise that their own opinions might not be valid.
At the other end of the scale lies intellectual arrogance. Such arrogance almost always originates from the egocentric bias—the tendency to overestimate their own virtue or importance, ignoring the role of chance or the influence of other people's actions on their lives. This is what makes these people credit success to themselves and failure to circumstance. From an evolutionary perspective, intellectual arrogance can also be seen as a way of achieving dominance through forcing one's view on others. Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental resources in discussion or working towards group consensus, thus making it hard for groups to work successfully.
The Thrive Center for Human Development in California, which seeks to help young people turn into successful adults, is funding a series of major studies about intellectual humility. Their hypothesis is that humility, curiosity and openness are key to a fulfilling life. "Without humility, you are unable to learn," Laszlo Bock, Google's Head of People Operations, notes.
1. The passage is mainly about _____.
A. the harm arrogance does to us B. the key elements to a fulfilling life
C. the significance of intellectual humility D. the way people access information online
2. Technology enhances our illusions of wisdom because it _____.
A. enables people to think critically B. offers too much unreliable information
C. allows easy access to abundant information D. makes it hard for people to recall information
3. According to Paragraph 3, intellectually humble people _____.
A. value others' opinions more than their own B. use online information to better themselves
C. are unwilling to show their strengths D. prefer to solve difficult problems
4. The author will probably agree that _____.
A. intellectual arrogance is the result of evolution
B. intellectually arrogant people often lack team spirits
C. successful people are often unaware of their limitations
D. circumstances don't favor intellectually arrogant people
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. ①_________ Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the "public" at the expense of the "speaking. " ②_________ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People's attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message. So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one. ③_________
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. ④_________ And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
⑤_________ It's rare to hear someone say, "I wish that speaker had spoken longer." On the other hand, you probably can't count the times that you've thought, "I'm glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!" So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It's better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don't need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Cody Wilkins sat on the bench, while his soccer teammates were scoring goals on the field. It had been a(n) 1 high school year for him. He was the only freshman on the team. Heal most never got to play, and he felt like a 2
"My confidence was shot. I thought maybe I wasn't as good as my coaches thought I was during tryout. I thought maybe I should 3 ." Cody says.
Cody suffered once he discovered he wasn't a good soccer player. But he 4 to keep going. "The struggle I 5 made me want to work harder," he says. "However talented you are. you can always 6 in sports."
Then Cody took advantage of his 7 on the bench to watch his more skilled and experienced teammates play the game, and by the time he was a junior, he had improved so much that he was 8 captain of his team. He is now a senior and is being 9 to play soccer for several colleges.
If you base your 10 just on whether you win or lose, you will never be happy. Winning is always 11 because there is always another 12 waiting for you.
No one is 13 . But you should learn about your strengths and weaknesses and know how to 14 from failure. Once you accept that losing something isn't the end of your world. you can get on with the business of living your life and learning from it. In the long run, this is 15 .
1. A. tough B. different" C. common D. intense
2. A. genius B. failure C. fool D. coach
3. A. wait B. proceed C. try D. quit
4. A. decided B. pretended C. promised D. hesitated
5. A. carried on B. took up C. went through D. got over
6. A. change B. improve C. lose D. participate
7. A. schedule B. patience C. time D. position
8. A. called B. considered C. recognized D. named
9. A. selected B. persuaded C. inspired D. required
10. A. attitude B. interest C. honor D. value
11. A. temporary B. rewarding C. significant D. challenging
12. A. option B. competition C. chance D. surprise
13. A. useless B. generous C. unique D. perfect
14. A. judge B. benefit C. release D. withdraw
15. A. possible B. practical C. invaluable D. invisible
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I drove to a local supermarket the other day. My shopping list was long and my wallet was light. Still, I needed to get a week's food for my family. I parked my car, looked down at my list, and hoped I ①_____ pay for it all.
As I walked into the door, I saw a man with kind ②_____ (eye) and a gentle smile. He said he was ③_____ (collect) for a local food bank that helped to feed the hungry in my area. He handed me a second shopping list of things they could use and asked me to help if I could. I smiled back, took the list and walked into the store. I really wanted to help, ④_____ wasn't sure if I could this time.
I walked through the store, picking up vegetables, soup, spaghetti, bread, milk, cereal, macaroni, bananas, and a dozen other things. I slowly marked each item (项) off my list until I was done. When I looked down at my full cart (购物车) I wondered again ⑤_____ I even had enough to pay for it all. Then, as I put my own list back into my pocket, I saw the food-bank list under it. I smiled and ⑥_____ (decide) to trust my heart.
With the food bank in mind, I went over and picked up two of the biggest boxes of rice the store had and put ⑦_____ (they) in my cart. It took another six dollars out of my wallet to pay for them, but my heart felt six times ⑧_____ (large) when I did. And when everything was added up, I had just enough to pay for it all.
It takes so little to make our world a better place. A few dollars can help to fill a ⑨_____ (child) hungry stomach. ⑩_____ (kind) can change another's day and life. It is up to us, though. We can save a few dollars on rice, or we can share love that will last forever.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，上周末你参加了学校组织的为贫困山区的孩子捐赠书籍的活动，给贫困山区的孩子捐了20本书。请你给你的英国好朋友Pam写一封邮件介绍这次活动，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动内容；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
During this past year, I've had three instances of car trouble. Each time these things happened, I was sick of the way most people hadn't bothered to help. One of those times, I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep. I put signs in the windows, big signs that said NEED A JACK(千斤顶), and offered money. Nothing. Right as I was about to give up, a Mexican family in a small truck pulled over, and the father bounded out.
He sized up the situation and called for his daughter, who spoke English. He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep, so we would need something to support it. Then he got a saw(锯子) from the truck and cut a section out of a big log on the side of the road. We rolled it over and put his jack on top, and we were in business.
I started taking the wheel off, and then, if you can believe it, I broke his tire iron. No worries: He handed it to his wife, and she was gone in a flash down the road to buy a new tire iron. She was back in 15 minutes. We finished the job, and I was a very happy man.
The two of us were dirty and sweaty. His wife prepared a pot of water for us to wash our hands. I tried to put a $ 20 bill in the man's hand, but he wouldn't take it, so instead I went up to the truck and gave it to his wife as quietly as I could. I asked the little girl where they lived. Mexico, she said. They were in Oregon so Mommy and Daddy could work on a fruit farm for the next few weeks. Then they would go home.
Paragraph 1:
When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I'd had lunch. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:
After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
答案：1-3 CAB
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"AA is founded upon a number of principles, including twelve steps and twelve traditions, but the only requirement for becoming a member is a strong wish to stop drinking."可知,Alcoholics Anonymous的目的是帮助有强烈戒酒愿望的人戒酒。故选C。
2.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Being able to talk about her feelings and experiences, receiving support, and the lack of judgment were a large part of her decision to keep coming to the meetings."可推知,如果对露西的故事有不友好的看法可能伤害她的感情。故选A。
3.主旨大意题。结合全文且根据最后一段中的"Years later, I looked back on the meeting I attended with positive memories."可知,多年以后,"我"回想起"我"参加的那次会议,心里充满了美好的回忆。所以文章记叙了作者参加戒酒协会的经历,在那里可以畅所欲言,获得别人的支持。故选B。
B
答案：1-4 BABA
解析：1.推理判断题。由第一段第一句"Even though a lot of art galleries and museums are free in the UK, many people seldom visit them for fear that they won't understand the art on display."可知,人们在艺术品面前不自信。故选B。
2.推理判断题。由第三段第一句"A very well-respected art historian, Ernst Gombrich believed that a viewer completed the artwork, and that part of an artwork's meaning came from the person viewing it."可知,Ernst认为艺术品的意义因人而异。故选A。
3.推理判断题。文章全篇在说艺术,因此可能在艺术杂志上看到这篇文章。故选B。
4.主旨大意题。本文通篇讲艺术,并告诉读者如何欣赏艺术,所以A项符合文意。故选A。
C
答案：1-4 BDBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段中的"they fitted adult penguins from three species with video cameras featuring built-in microphones"可知,安德里亚的团队是通过在企鹅身上安装电子设备而进行研究的,故B项正确。
2.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"These are the first recordings of seabirds producing vocalizations underwater. 'I couldn't believe it. I had to replay it many times,' Andréa said."可知,安德里亚的话表明记录到企鹅在水下发出的声音是很不容易的,故D项正确。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的"And all of these sounds were emitted during dives in which the animals were searching for food. Currently, it is not clear why the penguins are making these sounds; however, they only produce them while hunting."可知,企鹅在潜水觅食的时候会在水下发出声音,故B项正确。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"The researchers guess that the penguins may be using the vocalizations to stun their prey. However, much more research is required to determine why the penguins make these sounds, the scientists note."可知,科学家对研究结果持谨慎态度,故A项正确。
D
答案：1-4 CCBB
解析：1.主旨大意题。分析文章可知,文章主要讲述了理解及谦逊的重要性。理智谦逊的人不会隐藏或忽视自己的弱点,他们把这视为个人发展的源泉,并把争论当作完善自己观点的机会。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的"The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless knowledge at our fingertips."以及"the way we access information is critical to our understanding—and the more easily we can recall an image, word or statement, the more likely we'll think we've successfully learned it, and so withdraw from effortful cognitive processing"可知,技术增强了我们对智慧的幻想,因为它使我们能够容易地获得丰富的信息。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的"Intellectually humble people don't hide or ignore their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and use arguments as an opportunity to refine their views."可知,他们把网上的信息视为个人发展的源泉,是完善自我的机会。故选B。
4.推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的"Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental resources in discussion or working towards group consensus, thus making it hard for groups to work successfully."可知,自大的智者缺乏合作精神。故选B。
第二节
答案：GACBD
解析：本文主要介绍了成为受人欢迎的演讲者的几个规则,即注意和听众互动,在有小错误时应继续往下讲,不断练习等。
①上文提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋;下文陈述了成为演说家的规则;据此可以判断,空处起承上启下的作用,说明普通人经过训练也可以成为演说家,故G项正确。
②根据上文可知,很多时候,当你站起来演讲时,你会把注意力放在"听众"身上,而不是"演讲"上;下文提到要把注意力放在演讲上,直接和你的听众交谈,做你自己、建立联系。据此可以判断,空处与上句构成转折关系,故A项正确。
③根据上文中的"So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one"可知,当你犯错时不要停止演讲,除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知,空处承接上文,说明犯小错误无需道歉,故C项正确。
④根据上文中的"Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker"可知,你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家。据此可知,空处与此对应,说明自己的目标是要成为高效的演说家,故选B项。
⑤根据全文结构可知,空处为该段的主题句;结合下文中的"It's rare to hear someone say, 'I wish that speaker had spoken longer.'" "Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated"可知,本段讲述的主要内容是使你的演讲短一些,故D项最能概括本段内容。
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
答案：1-5ABDAC 6-10 BCDAD11-15 ABDBC
解析：1.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，这是艰难的高中一年。A.tough困难的；B.different不同的；C.common常见的；D.intense紧张的。由后文的"He most never got to play"可知，他很少有机会上场踢球，所以这是艰难的高中一年，故选A。
2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他几乎没有机会打球，他觉得自己是个失败者。A.genius天才；B.failure失败者；C.fool俊瓜；D.coach教练。由上文的"He most never got to play"可知，他很少有机会上场踢球，因此他觉得自己是个失败者，故选B。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想也许我应该退出。A.wait等待；B.proceed继续进行；C.try尝试；D.quit退出。由上文的"I wasn't as good as my coaches thought"可知，作者觉得自己不够好，所以作者想也许自己应该退出，故选D。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他决定继续前进。A.decided决定；B.pretended假装；C.promised答应；D.hesitated犹豫。由后文的"made me want to work harder"可知，作者是决定要继续前进，故选A。
5.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我经历的斗争让我想要更努力地工作。A.carricd on继续；B.took up占据；C.went through经历；D. got over克服。由上文的"The struggle I"和前面作者所遇到的事情可知，本句的意思是"我经历的斗争让我想要更努力地工作"，
故选C。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管你多么有天赋，你总能在运动方面提高。A.change改变；B.improve提高；C.lose失去；D.participate参加。由第7空后的"he had improved so much"可知，句子表示"不管你多么有天赋，你总能在运动方面提高"，故选B.
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后科迪利用他在替补席上的时间观看了他更有技术和经验的队友打球，到他大三的时候，他进步很大，他被任命为球队的队长。A.schedule安排；B.patience耐心；C.time时间；D.position位置。由后文的"to watch his more skilled and experienced teammates play the game"可知，科迪利用他在替补席上的时间观看了他更有技术和经验的队友打球，因此空格处是"时间"，故选C。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后科迪利用他在替补席上的时间观看了他更有技术和经验的队友打球，到他大三的时候，他进步很大，他被任命为球队的队长。A.called打电话；B.considered考虑；C.recognized识别；D.named任命。由后面的"captain of his team"可知，他是被任命为球队的队长，故选D。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他现在是一名大四学生，并被几所大学选为足球运动员。A.selected选择；B.persuaded说服；C. inspired鼓舞；D.required要求。由后面的"play soccer for several colleges"可知，他被几所大学选为足球运动员，故选A.
10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你只把你的价值建立在输赢之上，你将永远不会快乐。A.attitude态度；B.interest兴趣；C.honor荣誉；D.value价值。由后面的"whether you win or lose"可知，句子表示"如果你只把你的价值建立在输赢之上"，故选D。
11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：胜利总是暂时的，因为总会有另一场比赛在等着你。A.temporary暂时的；B.rewarding有回报的; C.significant意义重大的;D. challenging有挑战性的。 根据后面的"because there is always another 12 waiting for you"可知，此处是说"胜利总是暂时的，因为总会有另一场比赛在等着你"，故选A。
12.考查名词词义辨析。句意：胜利总是暂时的，因为总会有另一场比赛在等着你。A.option选择；B.competition比赛；C.chance机会；D.surprise惊讶。由后文的"waiting for you"和前面的"Winning is always 11 "可知,句子表示"胜利总是暂时的,因为总会有另一场比赛在等着你"，故选B。
13.考查形容词词义辨析.句意：人无完人。A.useless除非；B.generous慷慨的；C.unique独特的；D.perfect完美的。由后文的"But you should learn about your strengths and weaknesses and know how to 14 from failure"可知, 人有自己的长处和短处，人无完人，因此空格处是"完美的"，故选D。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但你应该了解自己的长处和短处，知道如何从失败中获益，A.judge判断；B.benefit对……有益；C.release释放；D.withdraw退出。由后文的"Once you accept that losing something isn't the end of your world, you can get on with the business of living your life and learning from it"可知，你应该了解自己的长处和短处，知道如何从失败中获益，故选B。
15.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从长远来看，这是无价的。A.possible可能的；B.practical实际的；C.invaluable无价的；D.invisible看不见的。 由上文的"you can get on with the business of living your life and learning from it"可知， 一旦你接受失去一些东西并不是你的世界末日，你就可以继续你的生活井从中学习，这在长远看来是对人很宝贵的，因此空格处是"无价的"，故选C.
第二节
答案： could; eyes; collecting; but; if/whether; decided; them; larger; child's; Kindness
解析：①句意:我停好车,低头看了看我的清单,希望自己可以付得起。根据句意,此处表示"能够,可以",且此处讲述过去的事情,故用情态动词can的过去式could。
②句意:当我进门时,我看到一个眼神友善又面带温和笑容的人。一个人有两只眼睛,且空前无冠词或所有格,故用eye的复数形式。
③句意:他说他在为一个当地的食物赈济处募集(食物)。根据空前的"was"和collect与主语He之间是主动关系可知,此处应用过去进行时。故填collecting。
④句意:我真的想帮忙,但是不确定这次是否能做到。前后分句之间是转折关系。故填but。
⑤句意:当我低头看着满满的购物车时,我又次想知道我是否有足够的钱来支付。wondered后是一个宾语从句,从句成分完整,此处表示"是否"。故填if/whether。
⑥句意:我笑了笑并决定相信自己的心。and连接两个并列的谓语,故应填decided与smiled并列。
⑦put后的宾语指的是two of the biggest boxes of rice,故用they的宾格形式them。
⑧但是"我"这样做时,"我"感觉"我"的心是原来的六倍大。虽然句中没有than,但是根据语境可知,此处有比较的意味,倍数表达法中,三倍及以上用"基数词+times+比较级(+than)"表示,故用larger。
⑨句意:几美元就能帮助填满一个孩子饥饿的胃。空后是名词stomach,所给提示词是child,空前是不定冠词a,故此处应该用child的所有格形式。
⑩句意:善行能够改变另一个人的一天和生活。空处做句子的主语,因此要用kind的名词形式kindness(善行)。注意首字母大写。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear Pam,
Last weekend I took part in a book-donation event held by our school for the children in poor mountainous areas. I want to introduce it to you.
Aiming to help those left-behind children in poor areas, our school launched the activity in the playground last weekend. It was applauded by all students and teachers, who donated as many books as they could. I collected up to 20 books at home and handed them to the volunteers, who thanked me for my generous support and offered me a little present.
The event was well received by the society. Our school even made headlines the next day. Hopefully, more meaningful activities like this will be held to help people in need, from which we students will learn more.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
When I was about to say goodbye, the girl asked if I'd had lunch. I told her I hadn't had lunch because I'd been waiting here for help for nearly three hours. The girl said they dicing have lunch either. She suggested to her parents that we have lunch together. Their truck happened to have some food and some things for the picnic. So we ate together in a vacant lot by the side of the road. During that time, I told about what had happened to me and how I felt. They shared interesting stories about their lives in Mexico and on fruit farms. After lunch, the girl's mother put a paper bag of fruit in my Jeep. I showed my gratitude again and we said goodbye to each other.
Paragraph 2:
After they left, I got into my Jeep and opened the paper bag. There are some delicate fruits in the paper bag. I was surprised to find the money I had quietly left them. At the same time, there was a note written by a girl, which read "We are very happy lo he able to help you. We have encountered many difficulties and been disappointed. But we met a lot of helpful people, which made us feel very warm. To help others with one's own ability is also a kind of lifting a finger. The beauty of life comes from these lifting a finger. I hope you have a good life and a happy mood." This made me very moved, and I would try my best to help more people in the future to make our world more beautiful and warmer