【2022高分攻略】高考英语二轮复习学案（通用版) 18 完型填空之记叙文（原卷版+答案+解析卷）

【2022高分攻略】高考英语二轮复习学案(通用版)
专题十八 完型填空之记叙文（解析卷）
黑龙江 哈尔滨 邱尚瑛
【考纲解读】
高中英语完型填空部分在高考试卷中占有重要地位，完形填空之一的记叙文又可分为记事和记人两种。在记叙文的完形填空中，作者在文章的第一句就会把事件及其发生的时间，地点，人物交代清楚。然后对这件事情的发生，发展进行陈述。通过对时间的描述，反映出作者的某种思想，最后得出事件产生的结果。
考生需要注意：教材是知识点的载体，各种各样的知识点都是通过教材这个载体表现出来的。不管考试的试题如何灵活多变，也无论试题难度究竟多大，其考查内容都来自课本。所以，考生要坚持以教材为主，以课文阅读为主线，逐步消化其中的词汇知识，夯实基础，全面提高其英语听、读、写的能力。
【考点剖析】
【相关知识点连接】
一、完型填空的命题趋势
高考完型填空题会逐渐摈弃语法分析，朝着深层化和语境化的方面挖掘，因此考生需要借助上下文乃至全文语境的启示，揣摩作者的心情及态度来做题，以及他对各个角色，各个事件的态度。在答题过程中，除了对关联用语的把握外，还要把握语气，动作等的描写。
此外，考生还需要开阔眼界，不断扩大自己的知识范围，多了解一些生活常识以及各个方面的知识，在语境中体会作者的出发点与写作初衷。
二、完型填空的命题特点
1. 文章长度与设空数 通常，高考的完型填空短文长度在280词左右，20个空格，设空平均间距为12-15个词左右。
2. 选材 选材多以记叙文为主，夹叙夹议，内容情节深刻，常涉及到人物心理活动的细节描写，篇章与语句的结构变化丰富多彩。
3. 词汇考查 以实词考查为主，名词、动词、形容词、副词约占90%。
4. 命题风格 大部分题从全文出发，根据前后语境或行文逻辑做出判断，体现出了“突出语篇”的命题风格。
三、完型填空分类
1. 记叙文型
记叙文型分为记事和记人两种形式。在记事型记叙文的完形填在高考中占很大的比例，一般有人物、历史、励志等故事，到社会、家庭、历史、文化、生活、健康等诸多方面。一般会有以下特点：
1）情节曲折，信息量大，结尾出人意料。文章的写作风格上多在叙述中把对人物的语言、行为、心理活动的描写融入文章的叙述中，因而增加了考生理解的难度。
2）文章内容为中学生所关注和熟悉的话题，能引起学生的共鸣，多数情况下叙述的是是当今科学发展对人际关系的影响等的文章。
2. 夹叙夹议型
此类文章是高考中较难的题目，也是容易导致失分的一种文章体裁。所选的有关文章蕴含人生哲理、耐人寻味。这类完形填空试题常在平淡的叙述中蕴含深刻的人生哲理。因此考生不仅需要理解文章的字面意思，还要挖掘文章的内涵，从而透彻理解文章。这类文章一般有以下特征：
1）先叙述自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后真对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
2）作者先提出一种观点或看法。然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。
3）提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步的总结和升华。
四、完型填空解题技巧
1. 跳读首尾句、确定文章体裁
高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不设空的。先跳读这两个句子，有助于判断该文要讲述的内容是什么；利用句首信息，推测语篇主旨。把握主题句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。如果首句交代了when、where、who、what（4W）的话，这就是一片就是记叙文，一般情况下很可能是一个故事；如果首句提出或解释说明某事物，一般情况下就可能是一篇说明文；如果首句提出的是一个论点，那么，这篇文章就是议论文。
2. 利用语法词汇知识、排除干扰
完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也考查语法项目。所以，需要利用平时积累的语言与词汇知识分析单词的用法，利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面考虑所有选项，排除干扰。
3. 利用固定搭配、注意习惯用法
完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法，并且需要提高词义辨析题，特别是提高某些词汇、习语等在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。
4. 利用固定句型、平时多加积累
完形填空虽然注重考查语境理解，同时也会考某些固定句型，掌握好这些句型对确定题目的答案将会有很大的帮助。所以，考生平时需要尽可能多地掌握固定句型的用法。
5. 利用复现寻找提示信息、注意词汇和结构同现
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，并注意利用原词复现寻找近义词语。一般情况下，完型填空的四个选项形式完全相同。如：都是动词原形、都是副词、都是名词复数形式等，所以要注意他们在意义上和搭配上的细微差别，形义兼顾。同时，要把这些选项放到特定的语境里进行区分，判别，从而选出正确答案。
6. 利用跳读法、先易后难解题
一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中总有一些空是相对简单的。对于这类空格考生可以先将其确定下来，之后再逐个去突破其他空。跳过那些不太容易得出答案的题。切忌做题时循规蹈矩地一个顺着一个地去完成。
7. 利用排除手段、缩小选择范围
当不能很有把握地直接得出某一题的答案时，可以结合所掌握的语言知识对选项中不太可能的情况进行排除，从而缩小选择的范围，提高正确率。
8. 利用逻辑关系、找出段落句子衔接
逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落与段落的衔接之中。考生可以通过逻辑关系的方法把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。考生需要注意观察句中的逻辑关系、句子与句子之间的逻辑关系、段落与段落之间的逻辑关系。因此，注意理清逻辑关系，理清文章脉络是解题的重要手段之一。
9. 利用背景常识、理解文章主题
知识面比较广的考生对文章的理解会更容易，知识范围比较宽的考生可以从文章整体上了解大概其内容，具体到空填就会相对容易一些。因此，考生平时需要开阔眼界、广泛涉猎，多了解各个方面知识与常识。当对语言的把握不很准确时，可以利用自己平时掌握的文化背景和生活常识找出并理解文章主题和主线，根据主题猜测细节，体会文章表达的氛围。
10. 利用对比结构、找出对比关系
对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。
11. 解题步骤要牢记
细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意，结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案，瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破，反复检查，把握整体，具体分析。
【强化训练】
1.（2021年高考 全国甲卷）
It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was ___21___ at the hotel on business and planning to ___22___ some friends in the area. They had asked him to ___23___ some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he ___24___ a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was ___25___ that it would be too warm, he ___26___ it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was ___27___ and well chilled (冷却) and he ___28___ .
That's when things went ____29____ “I remember walking down the long _____30_____ and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of _____31_____ to the 4-star hotel. "The seagulls immediately went _____32_____ . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to _____33_____ at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real _____34_____.
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
“I have _____35_____ and I admit responsibility of my _____36_____,” he said in the letter. “I come to you, _____37_____ , to apologize for the-damage I had _____38_____ caused and to ask you to _____39_____ my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter _____40_____ . Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
21. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
22. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
23. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
24. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
25. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
26. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
27. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
28. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
29. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
30. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
31. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
32. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
33. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
34. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
35. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
36. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
37. A. hands in pocket B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
38. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
39. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
40. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
【答案与解析】
这是一篇记叙文，是故事类阅读文章。文章主要讲了Burchill住酒店时，给朋友携带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥，海鸥在逃跑的过程中，造成了一些东西的损坏，Burchill间接给酒店造成了损失。酒店把Burchill列入了黑名单，Burchill被终身禁止入住该酒店。Burchill诚恳地写了道歉信，请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。最终，他的信起作用了。
本题考点涉及到动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，考生需要在理解细节信息的基础上根据上下文的逻辑关系进行分析推理。
21. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：Burchill出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。A. studying研究；B. staying停留；C. looking看；D. packing包装。根据“Burchill was 21 at the hotel on business and planning to 22 some friends in the area.”及生活常识可知，Burchill出差住在酒店，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友，自然是在酒店收拾行李。故选D。
22. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：Burchill出差，当时正在酒店收拾行李，准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。A. visit拜访；B. help帮助；C. follow跟随；D. make制作。根据 “They had asked him to 23 some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，朋友让他带一些东西，由此推知Burchill准备去拜访当地的一些朋友。故选A。
23. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：他们让他从美国东部带些意大利香肠过来。A. sell卖；B. have有；C. bring带来； D. taste品尝。根据 “So he 24 a suitcase full of pepperoni.”可知，Burchill的朋友让他从美国东部带些意大利香肠过来。故选C。
24. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：所以他装了满满一箱子意大利香肠。A. filled装满；B. locked锁上；C. abandoned抛弃；D. lost丢失。根据“a suitcase full of pepperoni”和“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni-everywhere.”可知，他装了满满一箱子意大利香肠。故选A。
25. D 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。A. surprised感到惊讶的；B. pleased高兴的；C. excited兴奋的；D. worried担心的。根据“he 26 it out on the table near an open window.”可知，他担心意大利香肠会太热，所以把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。故选D。
26. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：因为担心会太热，他把它放在桌子上，靠近一扇开着的窗户。A. dug挖； B. cleared清除；C. cut切下；D. laid放。根据“it out on the table near an open window”可知，他把它放在桌子上。故选D。
27. B 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了。A. delicious美味的； B. safe安全的；C. soft柔软的；D. ready准备好。根据“I remember walking down the long 30 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-star hotel.”可知，Burchill离开了，由此推知，他以为他
28. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：他以为他的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好，就走了。A. left离开；B. nodded点头；C. waited等待；D. regretted后悔。根据“I remember walking down the long 30 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of 31 to the 4-star hotel.”可知，Burchill离开了。故选A。
29. C 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：事情就在这时出了问题。A. far远的；B. funny有趣的；C. wrong失常的；D. blind盲目的。根据“The seagulls immediately went 32 . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni-everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real 34 .”可知，事情就在这时出了问题。故选C。
30. C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：Burchill在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说：“我记得我走过长长的大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥。”A. beach海滩；B. driveway私人车道；C. hall大厅；D. table桌子。根据“and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls”可知，Burchill走过长长的大厅。故选C。
31. B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：Burchill在最近给这家四星级酒店的一封道歉信中说：“我记得我走过长长的大厅，打开房门，发现满满一群海鸥。”A. application申请；B. apology道歉；C. request要求；D. invitation邀请。根据““I have 35 and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,” he said in the letter. “I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.” 可知，Burchill给酒店写了一封道歉信。故选B。
32. D 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：海鸥立刻变得疯狂起来。A. hungry饥饿的；B. dead死亡的；C. missing失踪的； D. wild疯狂的。根据“They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni-everywhere.”可知，海鸥被突然回到房间的Burchill吓到了，变得疯狂起来。故选D。
的意大利香肠是安全的，冷却得很好。故选B。
33. B 考查动词短语辨析 句意：它们冲到窗口，30或40只鸟都想同时出去，到处都是意大利香肠。A. wake up醒来；B. get out出去；C. take off起飞；D. break in闯入。根据“They rushed to the window”及生活常识可知，鸟看到人类很害怕，想同时从窗户逃出去。故选B。
34. A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：窗帘在落下，灯也在落下，真是一团糟。A. mess混乱； B. puzzle不解之谜；C. fight打架；D. challenge挑战。根据“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，现场一片混乱。故选A。
35. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：“我成熟了，我承认对自己的行为负责，”他在信中说。A. recovered恢复；B. retired退休；C. escaped逃跑；D. matured成熟。根据“and I admit responsibility of my 36 ,”可知，这里意思是Burchill认为自己成熟了。故选D。
36. D 考查名词词义辨析 句意：“我成熟了，我承认对自己的行为负责，”他在信中说。A. suffering苦难；B. plans计划；C. madness疯狂；D. actions行为。根据“I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”可知，Burchill承认对自己的行为负责。故选D。
37. C 考查固定短语辨析 句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。A. hands in pocket手放在口袋里； B. nose in the air目中无人；C. hat in hand毕恭毕敬地；D. feet on the ground脚踏实地。根据“to apologize for the-damage I had 38 caused and to ask you to 39 my lifetime ban from the hotel.”及生活常识可知，向别人道歉，应该表明自己是毕恭毕敬地。故选C。
38. A 考查副词词义辨析 句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。A. indirectly间接；B. deliberately故意地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. secretly秘密地。根据“The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down”可知，作者携带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥，海鸥在逃跑的过程中，造成了一些东西的损坏，Burchill间接给酒店造成了损失。故选A。
39. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我来找你，恭恭敬敬地，为我间接造成的伤害道歉并请求您重新考虑我被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。A. replace取代；B. remember记得；C. reconsider重新考虑；D. renew更新。根据“my lifetime ban from the hotel.”和“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.”可知，Burchill请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入住酒店的决定。故选C。
40. B 考查动词词义辨析 句意：他的信起作用了。A. arrived到达；B. worked起作用；C. ended结束；D. disappeared消失。根据“Banned from the hotel since 2001. Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.”可知，他的信起作用了。故选B。
2.（2021年高考 全国乙卷）
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41__ Just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ____42___ of gratitude (感谢).
　　My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44____ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while __45___to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was ____46_____ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47____ the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___ ,and was ready for discharge (出院)after four weeks.
　　She was __49____ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her ___50____ at her recovery. As she was ____51___ she was eager to say___52____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she ___53______ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague ____54___ to accept it, saying that we were all just ___55___ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then____56____: "Oh this isn't for the ___57___ I had. I take that as a ____58____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.''
　　And there you have it. To many people, ___59____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an ___60____ and should be rewarded.
　41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
　42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
　43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test
　　 C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
　44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
　45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
　46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
　47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
　48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
　49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
　50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
　51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
　52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
　53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
　54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
　55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
　56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
　57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
　58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
　59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honor B. ability C. opening D. extra
【答案与解析】
41. C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：几周之前，我在做护士的时候就想过这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文中“As she was ____51___ she was eager to say___52____ to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，作者当时是一名护士。所以，选C。
42. A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那就会容易得多了。A. grades分数，级别；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文中“Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations.”可知，作者认为：如果我有表达不同程度感激的词语，那就会容易得多了。所以，选A。
43. B 考查动词短语辨析 句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test 经受考验，接受……考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合上文讲到的女患者对护士们的行为可知，作者的想法立即接受了测验。所以，选B。
44. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我门有一个膝关节置换术后的患正在康复。A. departing出发，离开；B. escaping 逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到首属和患者从床上摔下来可知，患者正在恢复中。所以，选D。
45. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：一天下午，当她试图要上床睡觉时，因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。结合上文提到的这是个膝盖有伤的患者可以推断出：她尝试着自己上床。所以，选A。
46. A 考查副词词义辨析 句意：一天下午，当她试图要上床睡觉时，因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最终；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文因为膝关节置换术而住院，所以可以判断出：此处指最终发现摔倒的原因是因为患有心脏病。因此，选A。
47. B 考查动词词义辨析 句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“The collapse was disastrous”可知：要想把患者治好，需要，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。所以，选B。
48. C 考查副词词义辨析 句意：虽然很慢，但是她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。 A. slightly轻微地；B. accidentally意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“The collapse was disastrous”可知：要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。所以，选C。
49. A 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：她对医生护士团队为她所做的一切都非常感激。 A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful 伤心的；D. fearful恐惧的。根据下文中女患者离开之前与大家一一道别，可判断出他对大家的付出表示感激。所以，选A。
50. B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇；D. disappointment失望。所以，选B。
51. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：当她要离开时，急切地想和我们护理团队的每一个人说再见。A. operating首属；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating由犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文中“On her day of discharge”可知：这位患者要出院了，所以，此处指的是：当她要离开医院的时候。因此，选D。
52. C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：当她要离开时，急切地想和我们护理团队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D.yes同意。根据上文中“On her day of discharge”可知：这位患者要出院了，从而可判断出：她跟护理团队的人员告别（say goodbye to sb.）。所以，选择C。
53. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：当她走到一位护士身边的时候，她试图把一章5英镑的钞票塞在她的手里。A. reached 到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。根据上文中，患者出院时想要与护士们一一道别的事情可知：此处指的是，她走到一位护士身边，因此用reached符合语境。所以，选A。
54. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我的同事没有接受，并说到：我们只是做了我们该做的而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败； D. refused拒绝。根据下文中“saying that we were all just ___55___ our job.”可知：作者的同事没有接受这位女患者给的钱。所以，选D。
55. B 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我的同事没有接受，并说我们只是做了我们该做的而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。 所以，选B。
56. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：这位患者看上去很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为这是应该的。不，这是昨日给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说的照顾患者是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知：此处是女患者对作者通知说话的回答。所以，选C。
57. D 考查名词词义辨析 句意：这位患者看上去很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为这是应该的。不，这是昨日给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气； B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知：女患者并不是因为护士的照顾才给的5英镑。所以，选D。
58. B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：这位患者看上去很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为这是应该的。不，这是昨日给我做头发的。”A. goal 目标；B. given给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting打招呼。根据上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可判断出：她所得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的照顾。所以，选B。
59. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但是，做发型是额外的事情。A. risking 冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容（医生和护理团队拯救了）可知：
60. D 考查名词词义辨析 句意：句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但是，做发型是额外的事情。A. honor荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的（东西/事情）。根据下文的“To many people, ___59____lives is part of the job”可知：此处指的是做发型是本职工作以外的事情，不是分内的工作，应该得到奖励。所以，选D。
3.（2021年高考 新高考I卷）
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d _____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
【答案与解析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了在一次春假时，我去工厂打工赚钱，感触颇多。父亲认为这种工作不仅能让小孩子感谢得到的报酬，而且能够学会尊重那些从事这项工作的人。
41. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. sold销售；B. ordered定制； C. made制作；D. reserved预定。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我的工作是制作小兔子蛋糕，由此推知，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。所以，选C。
42. A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是霍夫面包店的经理，在复活节期间，这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。A. stores商店；B. families家庭； C. schools学校；D. citizens市民。根据“throughout Cleveland”结合生活常识，可知这里指的是这家面包店为克利夫兰所有商店制作小兔子蛋糕。所以，选A。
43. D 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. generous慷慨的B. financial财政的；C. technical技术的；D. temporary暂时的。根据“during our spring break”可知这是一份临时性的工作。所以，选D。
44. A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：春假期间，市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙，我除了听我最喜欢的唱片没有别的计划。A. plans计划；B. problems问题；C. excuses借口；D. hobbies爱好。根据“beyond listening to my favorite records”可知我没有其他计划。所以，选A。
45. B 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我挣的是最低工资。A. offer提供；B. earn挣得；C. set放置；D. suggest建议。根据“minimum wage”可知我挣的是最低工资。所以，选B。
46. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我想看看工厂是如何运作的。A. worked运作；B. closed关闭；C. developed发展；D. survived幸存。根据“I'd see how a factory”可知这里意思是我想看看工厂是如何运作的。所以，选A。
47. B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的主意，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到了他们的同意 。A. ambition抱负；B. permission允许；C. experience经历； D. invitation邀请。根据“Our 48 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知我们已经在工厂工作了，所以必然是得到了他们的同意。所以，选B。
48. C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. joys欢乐； B. ideas观点；C. roles任务；D. choices选择。根据“Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 49 bunny from the belt.”可知这是我们的任务。所以，选C。
49. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我们在工厂的任务很简单：把蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 附加上糖霜耳朵。把兔子从传送带上拿下来。A. Save节省；B. Keep保持；C. Stop停止；D. Remove移动。根据“bunny from the belt.”可知：此处是把兔子从传送带上拿下来。所以，选D。
50. A 查形容词词义辨析 句意：这比听起来难多了。A. harder更难的；B. better更好的； C. longer更长的；D. cheaper更便宜的。根据“ 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知这项工作比听起来更难。所以，选A。
51. B 考查动词短语辨析 句意：慢一点，蛋糕就堆起来了。A. Calm down平静下来； B. Slow down慢一点；C. Stay on继续停留；D. Move on往前走。根据“and the cakes pile up”可知这里意思是慢一点，就会造成蛋糕堆积起来的后果。所以，选B。
52. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：正如我在第一个晚上的晚餐上告诉父母的那样，一切都比我预料的要紧张。A. indicated表明； B. witnessed目击； C. expected预料；D. remembered记得。根据“This was 50 than it sounds. 51 a bit and the cakes pile up.”可知工作的实际情况比我预料的要紧张。所以，选C。
53. B 考查动词词义辨析 句意：父亲笑了。A. cried哭了； B. smiled微笑；C. hesitated犹豫； D. refused拒绝。根据“The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 54 food in Bemardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 55 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.”结合生活常识，可知父亲看到我在第一次挣钱的经历中有所感悟和收获，联想到自己童年时类似的经历，父亲会心的笑了。故选B。
54. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。A. tasting品尝；B. finding找到；C. sharing分享；D. delivering送货。根据“The son of a grocer”可知作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在新泽西的贝马兹维尔送外卖。所以，选D。
55. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你感激得到的报酬，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。A. withdraw撤退；B. donate捐赠； C. receive收到；D. appreciate欣赏。根据“the dollars you earned”结合生活常识，可知孩子们会感激并且非常珍惜自己劳动得到的报酬。所以，选D。
4. （2021年高考 浙江6月卷）
My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her ___36___ and visit the doctor, providing ___37___ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to ___38___ some small things she needs.
Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was ___39___ about three dollars. The only ___40___ to pay for the groceries was to take off the ___41___ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol（医用酒精）and a bar of soup. By taking of these, she was able to ___42___ the new total to the amount of cash she had with her.
At this store, people ___43___ and then go off to the side to ___44___ their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a ___45___ came up to her and said, "Here are the things that you ___46___ ." handing her the rubbing alcohol and the ___47___ . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She ___48___ for the woman's name and address so that she could ___49___ her. The woman told her it was her ___50___ .
My mother was so ___51___ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier（收银员）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand ___52___ the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough ___53___ for all of their groceries.
So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of ___54___ that not only helped my mother out, but ___55___ too.
36. A. exercise B. housework C. cooking D. shopping
37. A. reward B. medicine C. company D. shelter
38. A. return B. collet C. order D. buy
39. A. shot B. cautious C. wrong D. concerned
40. A. aim B. way C. advice D. reason
41. A. weight B. things C. mask D. glasses
42. A. raise B. add C. bring D. switch
43. A. show up B. call in C. check out D. sit down
44. A. store B. select C. deliver D. bag
45. A. stranger B. cashier C. friend D. doctor
46. A. looked for B. talked about C. threw away D. put back
47. A. receipt B. soap C. cash D. bottle
48. A. asked B. waited C. cared D. searched
49. A. repay B. trust C. recognize D. help
50. A. luck B. chance C. gift D. turn
51. A. surprised B. amused C. touched D. convinced
52. A. in case B. even if C. as though D. so that
53. A. energy B. money C. space D. time
54. A. faith B. courage C. kindness D. honor
55. A. made her day B. changed her mind
C. caught her eye D. met her demand
【答案与解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了在商店购物时，作者的母亲带的钱不够，不得不将一些东西又放回去。一位陌生女人为作者母亲买下了这些东西。陌生人的行为感动了作者的母亲，她决定将这份善意传递下去。
36. D 考查名词词义辨析 句意：每周，我带母亲去购物，看医生。exercise锻炼；housework家务活；cooking烹饪；shopping购物。根据上文中的“My mother is 92”和下一句中的“go to a nearby store”可知，作者母亲年纪大，每周作者带着母亲去“购物”。 所以，选D。
37. C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：每周，我都带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。reward报酬，酬谢；medicine药；company陪伴；shelter遮蔽，庇护。根据前文“My mother is 92… I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor”可知，作者“陪同”上了年纪的母亲去购物，看医生。所以，选C。
38. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：但是，在这一周里，母亲喜欢去附近的一个商店买她需要的一些小东西。return返回；collect收集；order订购；buy买。根据下文中的“small things she needs”可知，作者母亲去一家附近的商店去“买”她所需要的一些小东西。所以，选D。
39. A 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：当她去付款的时候，她缺了大约3美元。short缺少的；cautious谨慎的；wrong错误的；concerned关心的。根据下文中的“The only ___40___ to pay for the groceries was to take off the ___41___ she could do without…”可知：作者的母亲想要支付这些东西的唯一方式就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。由此推知，作者的母亲带的现金不够。所以，选A。
40. B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。aim目标；way方法，方式；advice建议；reason原因。结合上题解析可知，作者的母亲带的现金不够，所以，把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下是她能够支付这些东西的唯一“方式”。选B。
41. B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。weight重量；things东西；mask口罩；glasses眼镜。根据下文中的“a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap”可知，医用酒精和肥皂是作者母亲暂时可以不买的“东西”。 所以，选B。
42. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：通过拿掉这些东西，她最终能够使现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额范围。raise提高；add添加；bring使……处于某种状况，使……到某地；switch转变。根据上文可知，母亲拿掉了一些东西才能够使得现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额。bring sth. to sth.表示“使……处于某种状况”，符合语境。该处指“使商品总值达到母亲所带金额范围之内”。所以，选C。
43. C 考查动词短语辨析 句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。show up出现，露面；call in叫……来，拜访；check out结账离开；sit down坐下。根据空后的“then go off to the side”可知，在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去。所以，选C。
44. D 查动词词义辨析 句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。store贮藏；select挑选；deliver递送；bag把……装进袋子。根据下一句中的“putting her groceries into shopping bags”可知，在这间店里，人们结完账之后，然后走到一边，将所购之物装进购物袋。所以，选D。
45. A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说……。stranger陌生人；cashier收银员；friend朋友；doctor医生。根据下文中的“She ___48___ for the woman’s name and address”可知，这个女人对作者的母亲而言是个陌生人，所以作者母亲要她的姓名和地址。所以，选A。
46. D 考查动词短语辨析 句意：这是你放回去的东西。look for寻找；talk about谈论；throw away扔掉；put back放回。根据上一段的“…take off the ___41___ she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap. By taking off these …”可知，由于缺大约3美元，作者母亲将医用酒精和肥皂拿出来，放回到货架上。所以，选D。
47. B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：…递给她医用酒精和肥皂。receipt收据；soap肥皂；cash现金；bottle瓶子。根据上文中的“…take off the___41___ she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap. By taking off these…”可知，作者母亲放回去的有医用酒精和一块肥皂。现在陌生人帮作者母亲又把这些东西买了下来。所以，选B。
48. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址。ask询问；wait等待；care在乎；search搜索。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲想要对方的姓名和住址以便报答对方的帮助。所以，选A。
49. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。repay报答；trust信任；recognize认出；help帮助。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲询问对方的姓名和住址，这样就可以报答对方了。所以，选A。
50. C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：这个女人告诉她这是她的礼物。luck运气；chance机会；gift礼物；turn（依次轮到的）机会。根据下一句中的“She was so ___ by her gesture that …”可知，这个女人并没有告诉作者母亲她的姓名地址，并不期望作者母亲的报答。所以这是她给母亲的“礼物”。所以，选C。
51. C 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：我的母亲如此感动以至于她决定回到那家商店给收银员5美元的钞票。surprised惊讶的；amused被逗乐的；touched受到触动的，感动的；convinced相信的。陌生女人的无私帮助感动了母亲。所以，选C。
52. A 考查短语辨析 句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。in case以防，万一；even if即使；as though尽管；so that以便，结果……。如果其他人遇到没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西时，母亲的五美元钞票可以提供一些帮助。所以母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，就是以防同样情况的发生。选A。
53. B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。energy能量，精力；money钱；space地方，空间；time时间。根据上文中的“a five-dollar bill”可知，作者母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防有人没有足够的“钱”来支付他们所购买的东西。所以，选B。
54. C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：不管你是谁，都要谢谢你善意的行为。faith信任，信念；courage勇气；kindness善良；honor荣誉。陌生女人帮助母亲，这是一种“善意的”行为。所以，选C。
55. A 考查动词短语辨析 句意：谢谢你善意的行为，这种行为不经帮助了我的母亲，而且使她很开心。make one’s day使某人开心；change one’s mind改变主意；catch one’s eye吸引某人的注意力；meet one’s demand满足某人的要求。得到帮助，作者母亲心情愉悦，十分开心。所以，选A。
5. （2021年高考 天津卷）
For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got 16 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 17 took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18 .
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was 19 his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 20 of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 21 to get to work
With that thought in mind, Pruitt 22 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 23 to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again 24 . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the 25 to buy one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty 26 bicycles. Then came more than 500 27 for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be 28 to their owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are 29 struggling. 30 simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to 31 skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 32 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
"It's a really great 33 for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a 34 , but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the 35 that he can make on people."
16．A．amazed B．mad C．curious D．frightened
17．A．emotions B．career C．opinions D．route
18．A．ever B．together C．instead D．yet
19．A．ride B．lock C．repair D．replace
20．A．lack B．variety C．increase D．quality
21．A．Instruction B．qualification C．transportation D．permission
22．A．came up with B．stuck to C．gave up D．broke away from
23．A．Remembered B．refused C．hesitated D．offered
24．A．by accident B．in advance C．for free D．on credit
25．A．profit B．budget C．courage D．excuse
26．A．shared B．used C．expensive D．modern
27．A．enquiries B．advertisements C．notices D．announcements
28．A．exported B．sold C．lent D．returned
29．A．hardly B．slightly C．truly D．instantly
30．A．Without B．Beyond C．Upon D．Among
31．A．practical B．commercial C．mathematical D．social
32．A．Otherwise B．However C．Somehow D．Meanwhile
33．A．promise B．celebration C．comfort D．experience
34．A．Competition B．service C．ceremony D．suggestion
35．A．Compromise B．impression C．impact D．progress
【答案与解析】
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Robbie Pruitt在自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修车的计划。他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要、但没有预算买的人。他还教邻居的孩子们免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。
16．B 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：Robbie Pruitt承认，去年9月发现他的山地车被盗时，他很生气。A. amazed惊讶的；B. mad生气的；C. curious好奇的；D. frightened害怕的。根据后文“letting go of his anger”可知发现车被偷，Robbie Pruitt当时很生气。所以，选B。
17．A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：但很快，他的情绪发生了变化。A. emotions情绪；B. career事业；C. opinions观点；D. route路线。结合后文“After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy”可知Robbie Pruitt从生气沮丧变成了同情，情绪发生了变化。所以，选A。
18．C 考查副词词义辨析 句意：在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。A. ever曾经；B. together一起；C. instead相反；D. yet然而。结合上文“he found himself on a road to sympathy”可知，发现自己的车被偷了，Robbie Pruitt放下愤怒和沮丧，却走上了同情他人的道路。所以，选C。
19．D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：对于热衷于骑自行车的Pruitt来说，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自行车。A. ride骑车；B. lock锁上；C. repair修理；D. replace取代。根据后文“his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping”可知车被偷，Pruitt要买车来取代被偷的自行车。所以，选D。
20．A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack缺乏；B. variety多样；C. increase增加；D. quality质量。根据上文“he found few available”可知商店里也缺少自行车。所以，选A。
21．C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到：如果缺少自行车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instruction指令；B. qualification资格；C. transportation运输工具；D. permission允许。根据前后文“needed … to get to work”可知，Pruitt猜测偷自己自行车的人是因为确实需要交通工具去上班。所以，选C。
22．A 考查动词短语辨析 句意：带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A. came up with提出；B. stuck to坚持；C. gave up放弃；D. broke away from突然逃跑。根据后文“a plan and posted it on the community website”指想出了一个计划，come up with符合语境。所以，选A。
23．D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A. remembered记得；B. refused拒绝；C. hesitated犹豫；D. offered提议。结合后文“to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it”指Pruitt提议为他人免费修车，offer to do sth.“主动提出做某事”。 所以，选D。
24．C 考查固定短语辨析 句意：他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。A. by accident偶然；B. in advance提前；C. for free免费；D. on credit赊账。呼应上文“fix bikes free of charge”他的修车都是免费的。所以，选C。
25．B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。A. profit利润；B. budget预算；C. courage勇气；D. excuse借口。根据前后文“folks who could truly use them but didn't have the…to buy one”可知，Pruitt捐车的对象是那些需要车但是预算不够，买不起的人，but表示转折，说明预算紧张。所以，选B。
26．B 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：这一帖子发布当天，Pruitt收到了30辆二手自行车。A. shared共享的；B. used二手的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. modern现代的。根据上文“He also asked for unwanted bikes”可知，Pruitt也回收不想要的二手车，所以在帖子发布当天收到了30辆二手自行车。所以，选B。
27．A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：然后就来了500多个询问详细信息的询问。A. enquiries询问；B. advertisements广告；C. notices通知；D. announcements公告。根据后文“for detailed information”可知有询问详细信息的询问。选A。
28．D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：到2020年底，Pruitt已经修复了140多件自行车，这些自行车要么捐赠，要么返还原主。A. exported出口；B. sold出售；C. lent借给；D. returned返回，返还。结合后文“to their owners”指修好的车返还给主人，return符合语境。所以，选D。
29．C 考查副词词义辨析 句意：Pruitt试图把他的捐赠捐给那些真正生活困难挣扎的家庭。A. hardly几乎不；B. slightly轻微地；C. truly真实地；D. instantly立即。此处呼应上文“folks who could truly use them”指Pruitt的捐赠都是给那些真正生活有困难的家庭的。所以，选C。
30．C 考查介词词义辨析 句意：在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会。A. Without除了；B. Beyond越过；C. Upon在……上；D. Among在……中间。结合后文“simply satisfying a material need”表示“在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上”用介词upon。所以，选C。
31．A 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：除了实用技能，Pruitt的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值，促进社区感觉。A. practical实际的；B. commercial商业的；C. mathematical数学的；D. social社会的。根据上文“he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.”可知，Pruitt为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会，即教授他们实用技能。所以，选A。
32．D 考查副词词义辨析 句意：同时，孩子们也有了一种成就感。A. Otherwise否则；B. However然而；C. Somehow不知怎么；D. Meanwhile同时。根据前后文语境，可知孩子们通过参加Pruitt的课程，学到了实用技能，同时还有了一种成就感，Meanwhile符合语境。所以，选D。
33．D 考查名词词义辨析 句意：一位邻居在接受当地报纸采访时说：“对孩子们来说，这真是一次很棒的经历。”A. promise承诺；B. celebration庆祝；C. comfort安慰；D. experience经历。根据语境，参与Pruitt的课程对孩子们来说，是一次经历。故选D。
34．B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：Pruitt当然会提供服务，但不仅仅是自行车。A. competition比赛；B. service服务；C. ceremony典礼；D. suggestion建议。结合上文可知，Pruitt为人们免费修车，还为社区的孩子教授如何修车，所以他提供的是服务。故选B。
35．C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：而是他能对人们产生的影响。A. compromise妥协；B. impression印象；C. impact影响；D. progress进步。根据后文“he can make on people”可知为短语make impact on“对……产生影响”。故选C。
6. 模拟练习-1
Ann, a mother of 3 children, is a warm-hearted social worker and she has done a lot to help people 1 . The family's dinner conversation often turns to local poor families, and she 2 tries her best to seek help for them. This year, Ann 3 that Santa Claus would pay a special 4 to a young unemployed mother named Ashley, who was 5 two sons by herself.
One Sunday morning, the family were joyfully having breakfast 6 the phone rang, saying that the help she had requested for Ashley had 7 No Santa Claus, no presents, nothing. On hearing the news, Ann noticed the 8 disappear from her children's faces. Kinzie, the youngest one, 9 down from her chair and ran out of the kitchen room. In only a few 10 , she returned carrying her piggy bank and began to 11 the coins over and over again, $3.30 in total. "Mom," she shook her head 12 , "I know it's not much. But maybe this will buy a 13 for the children." Then suddenly everyone was reaching into their pockets and 14 their purses. Immediately the money - coins and bills 15 on the table. On Christmas Eve, Ann as well as Kinzie drove to Ashley's house. After Ann wished the 16 woman a merry Christmas, she began to unload the gifts from the car, 17 them to Ashley one by one and told her the whole story.
Ashley was moved to tears 18 the words: Kinzie opened not only her piggy bank but also her 19 , and my children as well as I myself would be able to do something 20 for someone else in need.
1. A. in time B. in need C. in trouble D. in sight
2. A. however B. even C. always D. already
3. A. expected B. believed C. dreamed D. promised
4. A. present B. method C. attitude D. visit
5. A. raisin B. producing C. having D. attending
6. A. until B. while C. since D. when
7. A. failed B. arrived C. passed D. covered
8. A. anger B. tears C. cheer D. worry
9. A. sat B. slipped C. lay D. went
10. A. days B. weeks C. seconds D. hours
11. A. pour B. pick C. look D. count
12. A. sadly B. happily C. excitedly D. repeatedly
13. A. clothes B. toy C. present D. cake
14. A. emptying B. touching C. opening D. looking
15. A. given up B. grew up C. set up D. piled up
16. A. surprised B. pleased C. amused D. embarrassed
17. A. throwing B. handing C. loading D. parking
18. A. over B. by C. with D. for
19. A. mind B. smile C. sympathy D. heart
20. A. special B. similar C. valuable D. different
【答案与解析】
这是一篇记叙文，讲述的是一位热心的社会工作者和她的孩子帮助了很多需要帮助的人。
1.B 考查短语辨析 句意：安是一个热心的社会工作者，她做了很多需要帮助的人。in time另外的一个意义是“及时 、早晚”。in need需要。 in trouble处于麻烦中。in sight视野中。最后一段的最后一句也有提示。所以，选B。
2.C 考查副词辨析 句意：这家人的谈话总会转向当地的贫困家庭，而且她总是（always）尽力为他们寻求帮助。所以，选C。
3.A 考查动词辨析 句意：安期望(expect)圣诞老人将会……。所以，选A。
4.D 考查动词辨析 句意：今年，安期望圣诞老人将会特别拜访一位名叫艾希礼的年轻失业母亲。pay a visit to sb.=visit sb为固定搭配。所以，选D。
5.A 考查动词辨析 她在照顾（attend）两个儿子。raise提高（价格等）; 养育; 筹集；produce生产; 产生; 制作；attend出席; 侍候，照顾; 关注，所以，选A。
6.D 考查连词辨析 句意：一家人正在愉快地吃早餐时，突然电话响了……。were/was doing… when…正在做某事，突然……。所以，选D。
7.A 考查动词辨析 句意：她说她请求艾希礼的帮助失败（fail）了。没有圣诞老人，没有礼物，什么也没有。从句意分析。因为没有圣诞老人，没有礼物，什么也没有可推测出要求失败了（fail）。fail失败，不及格;倒闭； arrive到达；pass通过，经过，传递； cover覆盖，采访，报导; 涉及; 包括。所以，选A。
8.C 考查名词辨析 句意：听到这个消息，安注意到快乐（cheer）从孩子们的脸上消失了。所以，选C。
9.B 考查动词辨析 从句意可推测出最小的孩子从她的椅子上滑下来（slip滑，滑脱），所以，选B。
10.C 考查名词辨析 句意：她跑出厨房，在短短的几秒钟（seconds）就带着她的存钱罐回来。所以，选C。
11.D 考查动词辨析 句意：她一遍遍地数着（count）那些硬币。pour涌出; 倾，倒； pick挑选，挑拣，摘；look看。所以，选D。
12.A 考查副词辨析 句意：女孩摇摇头，悲伤（sadly）地说：“我知道这不是很多”。所以，选A。
13.C 考查名词辨析 从下文“she began to unload the gifts from the car”。可知女孩说钱少可也许可以买一件礼物（present）。gift和（下文的提示）present都有“礼物”之意。所以，选C。
14.A 考查动词辨析 从下文“Immediately the money - coins and bills ___15___ on the table”“所有钱，包括硬币和纸币堆在桌子上”可知倒空（empty）钱包。touch触摸；open打开；look看。所以，选A。
15.D 考查动词短语辨析 从句意可知：钱是堆（pile up）放在桌子上的。give up放弃; 交出; 泄露；grow up成长；set up建立。所以，选D。
16.A 考查过去分词作定语 句意：因为他们的突然造访让这个女人惊讶所以，选A。
17.B 考查动词辨析 句意：把礼物从车上卸下，把礼物一个个地递给他们。Hand sth.to sb.把某物传递给某人. throw sth.to sb.投掷；丢;抛；load使担负,把…装入或装上，装满；park将…放置在某处;停车。所以，选B。
18.C 考查介词辨析 句意：艾希礼因为这些话而感动得流下了眼泪。with 表原因或理由。如He jumped up with joy .他因高兴跳起来。所以，选C。
19.D 考查名词辨析 句意：Kinzie打开不只是她的存钱罐还有她的心（heart）。heart心，感情，要点。mind 精神，头脑;smile微笑;sympathy同情。所以，选D。
20.B 考查形容词辨析 句意：我和我的孩子总能为需要帮助的人做类似的事。Special特殊的，专门的，专用的，重要的；similar相似的；valuable有价值的；different不同的。所以，选B。
7. 模拟练习-2
Anja Ringgren Lovén, a Danish care worker who ___1___ a young Nigerian (尼日利亚的) boy back in February, ___2___ Pope Francis and Barack Obama to top the list of 100 inspiring likes ___3___ by German-language Ooom Magazine.
An image of Ms Lovén giving two-year-old Hope some water was ___4___ around the world, and served to __5___ the work she was doing to help ___6___ children in Nigeria. ___7___ he was rescued by Ms Lovén and her husband David, Hope had been ___8___ by his own family ___9___ the basis of rural superstition(迷信), forced to live on the street ___10___ he contracted(感染) a number of illnesses __11___ worms.
Speaking today about the experience, she said: "He was the size of a little baby, and my whole body __12___."
"I became a mother myself 20 months ago and I was __13___ my own son as I saw the boy. I thought to myself __14___ that I would fight with all my ___15___ for him to survive."
"Anja Ringgren Lovén is a beacon (灯塔) of ___16___ and the most inspiring person of the year 2016," said Georg Kindel, OooM's editor-in-chief, who led the jury(评审) that chose the list. "When she saw the __17___ child, she acted like a human being and became a(n) ___18___for millions. Her ___19___ effort to help the deserted children of Nigeria gives us hope and ___20___ us to follow suit.
1. A. adapted B. admitted C. adopted D. admired
2. A. won B. beat C. conquered D. overcame
3. A. collected B. counted C. checked D. cured
4. A. noticed B. shared C. observed D. seen
5. A. highlight B. describe C. state D. explain
6. A. hungry B. desperate C. orphan D. lonely
7. A. When B. Until C. After D. Before
8. A. sent B. blamed C. criticized D. abandoned
9. A. in B. at C. on D. under
10. A. where B. that C. which D. who
11. A. containing B. including C. involving D. experiencing
12. A. leaned B. bent C. froze D. hurt
13. A. thinking back B. thinking of C. thinking over D. thinking up
14. A. hesitantly B. doubtfully C. firmly D. cautiously
15. A. heart B. strength C. spirit D. power
16. A. hope B. light C. friendship D. kindness
17. A. appealing B. promising C. starving D. puzzling
18. A. like B. hope C. courage D. success
19. A. frequent B. eventual C. complete D. persistent
20. A. discourages B. inspires C. suggests D. persuades
【答案与解析】
1. C考查动词辨析 句意：丹麦保健工作者收养了一个年轻的尼日利亚男孩。A. adapted使适应；B. admitted承认；C. adopted收养；D. admired羡慕。所以，选C。
2. B 考查动词辨析 句意：打败了Pope Francis和Barack Obama，成为最鼓舞人心的百大人物之首。A. won赢得；B. beat打，有节奏的舒展与收缩；C. conquered战胜，征服；D. overcame克服。所以，选B。
3. A考查动词辨析 句意：被德国Ooom杂志收集。A. collected收集，聚集；B. counted认为；C. checked检查；D. cured治愈。所以，选A。
4. B 考查动词辨析 句意：一幅Loven女士给两岁孩子Hope水的照片在世界各地被分享。A. noticed注意到；B. shared分享；C. observed观察；D. seen看到。所以，选B。
5. A 考查动词辨析 句意：并强调了她为帮助尼日利亚孤儿所做的工作。A. highlight强调；B. describe描绘；C. state声明；D. explain解释。所以，选A。
6. C考查形容词辨析 句意：并强调了她为帮助尼日利亚孤儿所做的工作。A. hungry饥饿的；B. desperate令人绝望的；C. orphan孤儿的，无双亲的 ；D. lonely寂寞的。所以，选C。
7. D 考查连词辨析 句意：之前他被Loven女士和她的丈夫大卫救起。A. When当……时候；B. Until直到……才；C. After在……之后；D. Before在… …之前。所以，选D。
8. D 考查动词辨析 句意：基于乡村迷信Hope被他的家人抛弃。A. sent送，寄出；B. blamed谴责；C. criticized批评；D. abandoned抛弃。所以，选D。
9. C 考查介词辨析 句意 基于乡村迷信Hope被他的家人抛弃。A. in在……里面；B. at在，向；C. on在……之上；D. under在……下方。所以，选C。
10. A 考查连词辨析 句意：被迫生活在大街上，在那儿他感染了各种疾病包括蠕虫。A. where在……地方；B. that那，那个；C. which哪一个；D. who谁。所以，选A。
11. B 考查动词辨析 句意：被迫生活在大街上，在那儿他感染了各种疾病包括蠕虫。A. containing包含；B. including包含，包括；C. involving涉及；D. experiencing体验。include主要强调被包含的东西本身是其一部分，而contain则强调包含不属于本身的其他东西在里面。所以，选B。
12. C 考查动词辨析 句意：我的整个身体都僵住了。A. leaned倾身，依靠；B. bent弯腰；C. froze冻结，凝固；D. hurt受伤。所以，选C。
13. B 考查动词短语辨析 句意：当我看到那个男孩时，我在想着自己的儿子。A. thinking back回想；B. thinking of想起；C. thinking over仔细考虑；D. thinking up想出，发明。所以，选B。
14. C 考查副词辨析 句意：我坚定地认为，我将竭尽全力让他活下去。A. hesitantly迟疑地，踌躇地；B. doubtfully怀疑地；C. firmly坚定地；D. cautiously慎重地。所以，选C。
15. B 考查名词辨析 句意：我坚定地认为，我将竭尽全力为他活下去。A. heart心脏；B. strength力量；C. spirit精神，心灵；D. power权力。所以，选B。
16. A 考查名词辨析 句意：Anja Ringgren Lovén是希望的灯塔，是2016年最鼓舞人心的人。A. hope希望；B. light光，光线；C. friendship友谊；D. kindness仁慈。所以，选A。
17. C 考查形容词辨析 句意：当她看到饥饿的孩子时。A. appealing吸引人的；B. promising有希望的；C. starving饥饿的；D. puzzling使迷惑的。所以，选C。
18. A 考查名词辨析 句意：她就像一个人一样，变成了像数百万人一样的人。A. like同样的人或物；B. hope希望；C. courage勇气，胆量；D. success成功，成就。所以，选A。
19. D 考查形容词辨析 句意：她对尼日利亚遗弃儿童的不懈努力给了我们希望，并激励我们效仿。A. frequent频繁的；B. eventual最后的；C. complete完整的；D. persistent坚持的。所以，选D。
20. B 考查动词辨析 句意：她对尼日利亚遗弃儿童的不懈努力给了我们希望，并激励我们效仿。A. discourages阻止；B. inspires激励；C. suggests建议；D. persuades说服。所以，选B。
8. 模拟练习-3
My daughter had just turned five when I took her to go grocery shopping with me one day. There on ___1___was the most beautiful toilet paper she had never seen, for it was pink. During __2___awareness month, the toilet paper company had made their produce pink, with a part of each sale’s __3___helping the people in need. And my daughter simply had to have it. She __4___with her sweetest pretty pleases. Of course I___5___her request, explaining that it was pink to __6___awareness of kindness and that ___7___of the money we were paying was going towards helping others.
My little girl sat in the cart, holding her package of pink toilet paper. She could not contain her __8___and talked on and on about how__9___the rest of the family would be when she shared her __10___with them. On the way out, she retold to the cashier everything she could remember about the___11___of the colored toilet paper. he passion spread among the other___12___, and several more packages __13___the checkouts that morning.
My daughter carried the tower of toilet paper into the house herself and dragged it upstairs, which was a great ___14___considering the package stood as __15___as she did. That evening, I walked into the bathroom to find all the rolls___16___stored in the cupboard, in the shape of a __17___castle. She began in all seriousness as she ceremoniously (隆重地) __18___a half used white roil on the holder with a new pink one, “___19___ I use it, I will remember to pray for all those people who are___20___right now.”
1. A. display B. television C. time D. purpose
2. A. science B. baby-care C. charity D. peace
3. A. goods B. procedures C. costs D. profits
4. A. cried B. begged C. lied D. challenged
5. A. refused B. ignored C. met D. avoided
6. A. represent B. raise C. teach D. sell
7. A. all B. none C. any D. some
8. A. excitement B. calmness C. nervousness D. patience
9. A. thrilled B. disappointed C. comfortable D. lucky
10. A. money B. idea C. treasure D. awareness
11. A. usage B. price C. misunderstanding D. meaning
12. A. families B. cashiers C. papermakers D. customers
13. A. got caught in B. went through C. broke into D. fell off
14. A. accomplishment B. independence C. responsibility D. expectation
15. A. large B. strong C. tall D. small
16. A. neatly B. disorderly C. surely D. naturally
17. A. lonely B. lovely C. different D. homely
18. A. compared B. combined C. replaced D. mixed
19. A. In case B. Now that C. Only it D. Every time
20. A. in common B. in trouble C. in practice D. in silence
【答案与解析】
1. A 考查名词辨析 根据上文提到的“go grocery shopping”可推断，在那里，陈列着她从来没有看见过的最漂亮的厕纸。A. display陈列；B. television电视；C. time时间；D. purpose目的。on display“陈列；展览”。所以，选A。
2. C 考查名词辨析 根据下文提到的“helping the people in need”可知，在慈善关怀月期间，厕纸公司把他们的产品做成粉色，利润中的一部分帮助需要帮助的人。A. science科学；B. baby-care婴儿用品；C. charity慈善；D. peace和平。所以，选C。
3. D 考查名词辨析 根据上文提到的“sale”可推断，利润中的一部分帮助需要帮助的人。A. goods货物；B. procedures程序；C. costs成本；D. profits利润。所以，选D。
4. B 考查动词辨析 根据上文“And my daughter simply had to have it.”可知，我的女儿非常想要这种厕纸，因此她乞求我去买。A. cried哭泣；B. begged乞求；C. lied撒谎；D. challenged挑战。所以，选B。
5. C 考查动词辨析 句意：当然，我满足了她的请求，解释说它做成粉色是为了唤起人们善良的意识。A. refused拒绝；B. ignored忽视；C. met满足；D. avoided避免。所以，选C。
6. B 考查动词辨析 句意：我向女儿解释它是粉色的，是为了唤起人们善良的意识。A. represent代表；B. raise唤起；C. teach教授；D. sell卖。所以，选B。
7. D 考查代词辨析 根据上文“part of each sale’s ___3___helping the people in need”可推断，我们付的钱的一部分将用于帮助别人。A. all全部；B. none没有人；C. any任何；D. some一些。所以，选D。
8. A 考查名词辨析 句意：我的小女儿不能控制她的兴奋，不断的说她共享了她的珍宝与他们，这个家庭的其他人将会是多么激动。A. excitement兴奋；B. calmness震惊；C. nervousness紧张不安；D. patience耐心。根据下文“talked on and on”可推断，所以，选A。
9. A 考查形容词辨析 句意：我的小女儿不能控制她的兴奋，不断的说她共享了她的珍宝与他们，这个家庭的其他人将会是多么激动。A. thrilled非常激动的；B. disappointed失望的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. lucky幸运的。所以，选A。
10. C 考查名词辨析 句意：在离开时，她又给收银员讲述了她能够记得的这种彩色厕纸的意义。A. money钱；B. idea想法；C. treasure珍宝；D. awareness意识。由上文可知，我的女儿非常喜欢这种粉色厕纸，视为珍宝。所以，选C。
11. D 考查名词辨析 A. usage用法；B. price价格；C. misunderstanding误解；D. meaning意义。所以，选D。
12. D 考查名词辨析 根据上文提到的“I took her to go grocery shopping with me”可知，我和女儿在购物，因此推断女儿的激情传播给了其他顾客之。A. families家庭；B. cashiers收银员；C. papermakers造纸者； D. customers消费者；顾客。所以，选D。
13. B 考查动词短语辨析 句意：更多的包裹穿过结账台，此处的意思是又有人买了这种厕纸做公益。A. got caught in陷入；遇到；B. went through穿过；经历；C. broke into闯入；D. fell off离开。根据上文“Her passion spread among the other___12___”可推断，女儿的激情感染了其他顾客，所以，选D。
14. A 考查名词辨析 句意：女儿把像塔一样的厕纸自己带进房子，拖到楼上是很大的成就。A. accomplishment成就；B. independence独立；C. responsibility责任；D. expectation期待。根据下文“considering the package stood as ___15___as she did”可推断，考虑到这个包裹和她一样高，所以，选A。
15. C 考查形容词辨析 根据上文提到的“dragged it upstairs”可推断，厕纸立起来像女儿一样高。A. large大的；B. strong强壮的；C. tall高的；D. small小的。所以，选C。
16. A 考查副词辨析 句意：那天晚上，我走近卫生间发现所有的卷轴整洁地保存在壁橱里，以可爱的城堡的形状。A. neatly整洁地；B. disorderly杂乱地；C. surely无疑；D. naturally自然地。根据语境可知，这是女儿摆的，她非常喜欢这些粉色厕纸，因此推断她会把它们摆放的整齐，摆成可爱的城堡的形状。所以，选A。
17. B 考查形容词辨析 A. lonely孤独的；B. lovely可爱的；C. different不同的；D. homely平凡的。句意：那天晚上，我走近卫生间发现所有的卷轴以可爱的城堡的形状整洁地保存在壁橱里。解析同上，所以，选B。
18. C 考查动词辨析 根据语境可知，女儿开始严肃隆重地用粉色的厕纸代替用了一半固定器上的白色卷。A. compared比较；B. combined联合；C. replaced代替；D. mixed混合。所以，选C。
19. D 考查连词辨析 句意：每次我用它，我将记得为那些现在处于困境中的人祈祷。A. In case万一；B. Now that既然；C. Only if只要；D. Every time每次。所以，选D。
20. B 考查介词短语辨析 根据上文“helping the people in need”可知，此处指那些处于困境中的人。A. in common共同；B. in trouble处于困境中；C. in practice实际上；D. in silence沉默【2022高分攻略】高考英语二轮复习学案(通用版)
专题十八 完型填空之记叙文（原卷版）
黑龙江 哈尔滨 邱尚瑛
【考纲解读】
高中英语完型填空部分在高考试卷中占有重要地位，完形填空之一的记叙文又可分为记事和记人两种。在记叙文的完形填空中，作者在文章的第一句就会把事件及其发生的时间，地点，人物交代清楚。然后对这件事情的发生，发展进行陈述。通过对时间的描述，反映出作者的某种思想，最后得出事件产生的结果。
考生需要注意：教材是知识点的载体，各种各样的知识点都是通过教材这个载体表现出来的。不管考试的试题如何灵活多变，也无论试题难度究竟多大，其考查内容都来自课本。所以，考生要坚持以教材为主，以课文阅读为主线，逐步消化其中的词汇知识，夯实基础，全面提高其英语听、读、写的能力。
【考点剖析】
【相关知识点连接】
一、完型填空的命题趋势
高考完型填空题会逐渐摈弃语法分析，朝着深层化和语境化的方面挖掘，因此考生需要借助上下文乃至全文语境的启示，揣摩作者的心情及态度来做题，以及他对各个角色，各个事件的态度。在答题过程中，除了对关联用语的把握外，还要把握语气，动作等的描写。
此外，考生还需要开阔眼界，不断扩大自己的知识范围，多了解一些生活常识以及各个方面的知识，在语境中体会作者的出发点与写作初衷。
二、完型填空的命题特点
1. 文章长度与设空数 通常，高考的完型填空短文长度在280词左右，20个空格，设空平均间距为12-15个词左右。
2. 选材 选材多以记叙文为主，夹叙夹议，内容情节深刻，常涉及到人物心理活动的细节描写，篇章与语句的结构变化丰富多彩。
3. 词汇考查 以实词考查为主，名词、动词、形容词、副词约占90%。
4. 命题风格 大部分题从全文出发，根据前后语境或行文逻辑做出判断，体现出了“突出语篇”的命题风格。
三、完型填空分类
1. 记叙文型
记叙文型分为记事和记人两种形式。在记事型记叙文的完形填在高考中占很大的比例，一般有人物、历史、励志等故事，到社会、家庭、历史、文化、生活、健康等诸多方面。一般会有以下特点：
1）情节曲折，信息量大，结尾出人意料。文章的写作风格上多在叙述中把对人物的语言、行为、心理活动的描写融入文章的叙述中，因而增加了考生理解的难度。
2）文章内容为中学生所关注和熟悉的话题，能引起学生的共鸣，多数情况下叙述的是是当今科学发展对人际关系的影响等的文章。
2. 夹叙夹议型
此类文章是高考中较难的题目，也是容易导致失分的一种文章体裁。所选的有关文章蕴含人生哲理、耐人寻味。这类完形填空试题常在平淡的叙述中蕴含深刻的人生哲理。因此考生不仅需要理解文章的字面意思，还要挖掘文章的内涵，从而透彻理解文章。这类文章一般有以下特征：
1）先叙述自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后真对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
2）作者先提出一种观点或看法。然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。
3）提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步的总结和升华。
四、完型填空解题技巧
1. 跳读首尾句、确定文章体裁
高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不设空的。先跳读这两个句子，有助于判断该文要讲述的内容是什么；利用句首信息，推测语篇主旨。把握主题句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。如果首句交代了when、where、who、what（4W）的话，这就是一片就是记叙文，一般情况下很可能是一个故事；如果首句提出或解释说明某事物，一般情况下就可能是一篇说明文；如果首句提出的是一个论点，那么，这篇文章就是议论文。
2. 利用语法词汇知识、排除干扰
完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也考查语法项目。所以，需要利用平时积累的语言与词汇知识分析单词的用法，利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面考虑所有选项，排除干扰。
3. 利用固定搭配、注意习惯用法
完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法，并且需要提高词义辨析题，特别是提高某些词汇、习语等在特定的语境中能灵活运用的能力。
4. 利用固定句型、平时多加积累
完形填空虽然注重考查语境理解，同时也会考某些固定句型，掌握好这些句型对确定题目的答案将会有很大的帮助。所以，考生平时需要尽可能多地掌握固定句型的用法。
5. 利用复现寻找提示信息、注意词汇和结构同现
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，并注意利用原词复现寻找近义词语。一般情况下，完型填空的四个选项形式完全相同。如：都是动词原形、都是副词、都是名词复数形式等，所以要注意他们在意义上和搭配上的细微差别，形义兼顾。同时，要把这些选项放到特定的语境里进行区分，判别，从而选出正确答案。
6. 利用跳读法、先易后难解题
一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中总有一些空是相对简单的。对于这类空格考生可以先将其确定下来，之后再逐个去突破其他空。跳过那些不太容易得出答案的题。切忌做题时循规蹈矩地一个顺着一个地去完成。
7. 利用排除手段、缩小选择范围
当不能很有把握地直接得出某一题的答案时，可以结合所掌握的语言知识对选项中不太可能的情况进行排除，从而缩小选择的范围，提高正确率。
8. 利用逻辑关系、找出段落句子衔接
逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落与段落的衔接之中。考生可以通过逻辑关系的方法把答案的逻辑意义推测出来，从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。考生需要注意观察句中的逻辑关系、句子与句子之间的逻辑关系、段落与段落之间的逻辑关系。因此，注意理清逻辑关系，理清文章脉络是解题的重要手段之一。
9. 利用背景常识、理解文章主题
知识面比较广的考生对文章的理解会更容易，知识范围比较宽的考生可以从文章整体上了解大概其内容，具体到空填就会相对容易一些。因此，考生平时需要开阔眼界、广泛涉猎，多了解各个方面知识与常识。当对语言的把握不很准确时，可以利用自己平时掌握的文化背景和生活常识找出并理解文章主题和主线，根据主题猜测细节，体会文章表达的氛围。
10. 利用对比结构、找出对比关系
对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。
11. 解题步骤要牢记
细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意，结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案，瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破，反复检查，把握整体，具体分析。
【强化训练】
1.（2021年高考 全国甲卷）
It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was ___21___ at the hotel on business and planning to ___22___ some friends in the area. They had asked him to ___23___ some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east. So he ___24___ a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was ___25___ that it would be too warm, he ___26___ it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was ___27___ and well chilled (冷却) and he ___28___ .
That's when things went ____29____ “I remember walking down the long _____30_____ and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls,” Burchill said in a recent letter of _____31_____ to the 4-star hotel. "The seagulls immediately went _____32_____ . They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to _____33_____ at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real _____34_____.
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion (莽撞).
“I have _____35_____ and I admit responsibility of my _____36_____,” he said in the letter. “I come to you, _____37_____ , to apologize for the-damage I had _____38_____ caused and to ask you to _____39_____ my lifetime ban from the hotel.”
His letter _____40_____ . Banned from the hotel since 2001.Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said.
21. A. studying B. staying C. looking D. packing
22. A. visit B. help C. follow D. make
23. A. sell B. have C. bring D. taste
24. A. filled B. locked C. abandoned D. lost
25. A. surprised B. pleased C. excited D. worried
26. A. dug B. cleared C. cut D. laid
27. A. delicious B. safe C. soft D. ready
28. A. left B. nodded C. waited D. regretted
29. A. far B. funny C. wrong D. blind
30. A. beach B. driveway C. hall D. table
31. A. application B. apology C. request D. invitation
32. A. hungry B. dead C. missing D. wild
33. A. wake up B. get out C. take off D. break in
34. A. mess B. puzzle C. fight D. challenge
35. A. recovered B. retired C. escaped D. matured
36. A. suffering B. plans C. madness D. actions
37. A. hands in pocket B. nose in the air C. hat in hand D. feet on the ground
38. A. indirectly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. secretly
39. A. replace B. remember C. reconsider D. renew
40. A. arrived B. worked C. ended D. disappeared
2.（2021年高考 全国乙卷）
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a ___41__ Just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ____42___ of gratitude (感谢).
　　My thoughts were soon ___43___. We had a woman patient who was ___44____ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while __45___to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was ____46_____ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47____ the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though ___48___ ,and was ready for discharge (出院)after four weeks.
　　She was __49____ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her ___50____ at her recovery. As she was ____51___ she was eager to say___52____ to each of us in the nursing team. When she ___53______ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague ____54___ to accept it, saying that we were all just ___55___ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then____56____: "Oh this isn't for the ___57___ I had. I take that as a ____58____. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.''
　　And there you have it. To many people, ___59____lives is part of the job but styling hair is an ___60____ and should be rewarded.
　41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor
　42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations
　43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test
　　 C. brought under discussion D. taken into account
　44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering
　45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising
　46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly
　47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving
　48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily
　49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful
　50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment
　51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving
　52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes
　53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded
　54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused
　55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting
　56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported
　57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care
　58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting
　59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building
60. A. honor B. ability C. opening D. extra
3.（2021年高考 新高考I卷）
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy’s father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, ____41____ little bunny ( 兔 子 ) cakes for all its ____42____throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for ____43____ help during our spring break, for which I had no____44____ beyond listening to my favorite records. I’d ____45____ minimum wage. I’d see how a factory____46____. My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy’s dad with their ____47____.
Our____48____in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing (糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose.____49____ bunny from the belt. This was _____50_____ than it sounds._____51_____ a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night it was all a little more high-pressure than I’d _____52_____ .
Dad ____53____. The son of a grocer, he’d spent the summers of his childhood_____54_____ food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you_____55_____ the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
41. A. sold B. ordered C. made D. reserved
42. A. stores B. families C. schools D. citizens
43. A. generous B. financial C. technical D. temporary
44. A. plans B. problems C. excuses D. hobbies
45. A. offer B. earn C. set D. suggest
46. A. worked B. closed C. developed D. survived
47. A. ambition B. permission C. experience D. invitation
48. A. joys B. ideas C. roles D. choices
49. A. Save B. Keep C. Stop D. Remove
50. A. harder B. better C. longer D. cheaper
51. A. Calm down B. Slow down C. Stay on D. Move on
52. A. indicated B. witnessed C. expected D. remembered
53. A. cried B. smiled C. hesitated D. refused
54. A. tasting B. finding C. sharing D. delivering
55. A. withdraw B. donate C. receive D. appreciate
4. （2021年高考 浙江6月卷）
My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her ___36___ and visit the doctor, providing ___37___ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to ___38___ some small things she needs.
Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was ___39___ about three dollars. The only ___40___ to pay for the groceries was to take off the ___41___ she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol（医用酒精）and a bar of soup. By taking of these, she was able to ___42___ the new total to the amount of cash she had with her.
At this store, people ___43___ and then go off to the side to ___44___ their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a ___45___ came up to her and said, "Here are the things that you ___46___ ." handing her the rubbing alcohol and the ___47___ . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She ___48___ for the woman's name and address so that she could ___49___ her. The woman told her it was her ___50___ .
My mother was so ___51___ by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier（收银员）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand ___52___ the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough ___53___ for all of their groceries.
So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of ___54___ that not only helped my mother out, but ___55___ too.
36. A. exercise B. housework C. cooking D. shopping
37. A. reward B. medicine C. company D. shelter
38. A. return B. collet C. order D. buy
39. A. shot B. cautious C. wrong D. concerned
40. A. aim B. way C. advice D. reason
41. A. weight B. things C. mask D. glasses
42. A. raise B. add C. bring D. switch
43. A. show up B. call in C. check out D. sit down
44. A. store B. select C. deliver D. bag
45. A. stranger B. cashier C. friend D. doctor
46. A. looked for B. talked about C. threw away D. put back
47. A. receipt B. soap C. cash D. bottle
48. A. asked B. waited C. cared D. searched
49. A. repay B. trust C. recognize D. help
50. A. luck B. chance C. gift D. turn
51. A. surprised B. amused C. touched D. convinced
52. A. in case B. even if C. as though D. so that
53. A. energy B. money C. space D. time
54. A. faith B. courage C. kindness D. honor
55. A. made her day B. changed her mind
C. caught her eye D. met her demand
5. （2021年高考 天津卷）
For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got 16 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 17 took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18 .
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was 19 his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 20 of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 21 to get to work
With that thought in mind, Pruitt 22 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 23 to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again 24 . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the 25 to buy one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty 26 bicycles. Then came more than 500 27 for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be 28 to their owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are 29 struggling. 30 simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to 31 skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 32 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
"It's a really great 33 for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a 34 , but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the 35 that he can make on people."
16．A．amazed B．mad C．curious D．frightened
17．A．emotions B．career C．opinions D．route
18．A．ever B．together C．instead D．yet
19．A．ride B．lock C．repair D．replace
20．A．lack B．variety C．increase D．quality
21．A．Instruction B．qualification C．transportation D．permission
22．A．came up with B．stuck to C．gave up D．broke away from
23．A．Remembered B．refused C．hesitated D．offered
24．A．by accident B．in advance C．for free D．on credit
25．A．profit B．budget C．courage D．excuse
26．A．shared B．used C．expensive D．modern
27．A．enquiries B．advertisements C．notices D．announcements
28．A．exported B．sold C．lent D．returned
29．A．hardly B．slightly C．truly D．instantly
30．A．Without B．Beyond C．Upon D．Among
31．A．practical B．commercial C．mathematical D．social
32．A．Otherwise B．However C．Somehow D．Meanwhile
33．A．promise B．celebration C．comfort D．experience
34．A．Competition B．service C．ceremony D．suggestion
35．A．Compromise B．impression C．impact D．progress
6. 模拟练习-1
Ann, a mother of 3 children, is a warm-hearted social worker and she has done a lot to help people 1 . The family's dinner conversation often turns to local poor families, and she 2 tries her best to seek help for them. This year, Ann 3 that Santa Claus would pay a special 4 to a young unemployed mother named Ashley, who was 5 two sons by herself.
One Sunday morning, the family were joyfully having breakfast 6 the phone rang, saying that the help she had requested for Ashley had 7 No Santa Claus, no presents, nothing. On hearing the news, Ann noticed the 8 disappear from her children's faces. Kinzie, the youngest one, 9 down from her chair and ran out of the kitchen room. In only a few 10 , she returned carrying her piggy bank and began to 11 the coins over and over again, $3.30 in total. "Mom," she shook her head 12 , "I know it's not much. But maybe this will buy a 13 for the children." Then suddenly everyone was reaching into their pockets and 14 their purses. Immediately the money - coins and bills 15 on the table. On Christmas Eve, Ann as well as Kinzie drove to Ashley's house. After Ann wished the 16 woman a merry Christmas, she began to unload the gifts from the car, 17 them to Ashley one by one and told her the whole story.
Ashley was moved to tears 18 the words: Kinzie opened not only her piggy bank but also her 19 , and my children as well as I myself would be able to do something 20 for someone else in need.
1. A. in time B. in need C. in trouble D. in sight
2. A. however B. even C. always D. already
3. A. expected B. believed C. dreamed D. promised
4. A. present B. method C. attitude D. visit
5. A. raisin B. producing C. having D. attending
6. A. until B. while C. since D. when
7. A. failed B. arrived C. passed D. covered
8. A. anger B. tears C. cheer D. worry
9. A. sat B. slipped C. lay D. went
10. A. days B. weeks C. seconds D. hours
11. A. pour B. pick C. look D. count
12. A. sadly B. happily C. excitedly D. repeatedly
13. A. clothes B. toy C. present D. cake
14. A. emptying B. touching C. opening D. looking
15. A. given up B. grew up C. set up D. piled up
16. A. surprised B. pleased C. amused D. embarrassed
17. A. throwing B. handing C. loading D. parking
18. A. over B. by C. with D. for
19. A. mind B. smile C. sympathy D. heart
20. A. special B. similar C. valuable D. different
7. 模拟练习-2
Anja Ringgren Lovén, a Danish care worker who ___1___ a young Nigerian (尼日利亚的) boy back in February, ___2___ Pope Francis and Barack Obama to top the list of 100 inspiring likes ___3___ by German-language Ooom Magazine.
An image of Ms Lovén giving two-year-old Hope some water was ___4___ around the world, and served to __5___ the work she was doing to help ___6___ children in Nigeria. ___7___ he was rescued by Ms Lovén and her husband David, Hope had been ___8___ by his own family ___9___ the basis of rural superstition(迷信), forced to live on the street ___10___ he contracted(感染) a number of illnesses __11___ worms.
Speaking today about the experience, she said: "He was the size of a little baby, and my whole body __12___."
"I became a mother myself 20 months ago and I was __13___ my own son as I saw the boy. I thought to myself __14___ that I would fight with all my ___15___ for him to survive."
"Anja Ringgren Lovén is a beacon (灯塔) of ___16___ and the most inspiring person of the year 2016," said Georg Kindel, OooM's editor-in-chief, who led the jury(评审) that chose the list. "When she saw the __17___ child, she acted like a human being and became a(n) ___18___for millions. Her ___19___ effort to help the deserted children of Nigeria gives us hope and ___20___ us to follow suit.
1. A. adapted B. admitted C. adopted D. admired
2. A. won B. beat C. conquered D. overcame
3. A. collected B. counted C. checked D. cured
4. A. noticed B. shared C. observed D. seen
5. A. highlight B. describe C. state D. explain
6. A. hungry B. desperate C. orphan D. lonely
7. A. When B. Until C. After D. Before
8. A. sent B. blamed C. criticized D. abandoned
9. A. in B. at C. on D. under
10. A. where B. that C. which D. who
11. A. containing B. including C. involving D. experiencing
12. A. leaned B. bent C. froze D. hurt
13. A. thinking back B. thinking of C. thinking over D. thinking up
14. A. hesitantly B. doubtfully C. firmly D. cautiously
15. A. heart B. strength C. spirit D. power
16. A. hope B. light C. friendship D. kindness
17. A. appealing B. promising C. starving D. puzzling
18. A. like B. hope C. courage D. success
19. A. frequent B. eventual C. complete D. persistent
20. A. discourages B. inspires C. suggests D. persuades
8. 模拟练习-3
My daughter had just turned five when I took her to go grocery shopping with me one day. There on ___1___was the most beautiful toilet paper she had never seen, for it was pink. During __2___awareness month, the toilet paper company had made their produce pink, with a part of each sale’s __3___helping the people in need. And my daughter simply had to have it. She __4___with her sweetest pretty pleases. Of course I___5___her request, explaining that it was pink to __6___awareness of kindness and that ___7___of the money we were paying was going towards helping others.
My little girl sat in the cart, holding her package of pink toilet paper. She could not contain her __8___and talked on and on about how__9___the rest of the family would be when she shared her __10___with them. On the way out, she retold to the cashier everything she could remember about the___11___of the colored toilet paper. he passion spread among the other___12___, and several more packages __13___the checkouts that morning.
My daughter carried the tower of toilet paper into the house herself and dragged it upstairs, which was a great ___14___considering the package stood as __15___as she did. That evening, I walked into the bathroom to find all the rolls___16___stored in the cupboard, in the shape of a __17___castle. She began in all seriousness as she ceremoniously (隆重地) __18___a half used white roil on the holder with a new pink one, “___19___ I use it, I will remember to pray for all those people who are___20___right now.”
1. A. display B. television C. time D. purpose
2. A. science B. baby-care C. charity D. peace
3. A. goods B. procedures C. costs D. profits
4. A. cried B. begged C. lied D. challenged
5. A. refused B. ignored C. met D. avoided
6. A. represent B. raise C. teach D. sell
7. A. all B. none C. any D. some
8. A. excitement B. calmness C. nervousness D. patience
9. A. thrilled B. disappointed C. comfortable D. lucky
10. A. money B. idea C. treasure D. awareness
11. A. usage B. price C. misunderstanding D. meaning
12. A. families B. cashiers C. papermakers D. customers
13. A. got caught in B. went through C. broke into D. fell off
14. A. accomplishment B. independence C. responsibility D. expectation
15. A. large B. strong C. tall D. small
16. A. neatly B. disorderly C. surely D. naturally
17. A. lonely B. lovely C. different D. homely
18. A. compared B. combined C. replaced D. mixed
19. A. In case B. Now that C. Only it D. Every time
20. A. in common B. in trouble C. in practice D. in silence
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