L19-名称的修饰词 初中英语词性句法新讲课件(共12张PPT)

(共12张PPT)
名称的修饰词
Lesson 19：
授课人：曾老师
修饰名称的词有：名词，动名词，形容词，现在分词，过去分词
名称的前置修饰：
▲ 这些词在修饰名称时一般前置。但用来修饰不定代词时要后置。
▲ 部分表语形容词在修饰名称时必须后置。
介词短语、形容词短语、不定式短语、分词短语修饰限定名称时必须后置
名称的后置修饰限定：
▲ 部分表语形容词在修饰名称时必须后置。
属性特性限定：
a love story
a paper box
a bus stop
a girl friend
a carton film
the police station
an English book
some rain drops
1. 前置形容修饰词：
动作用途限定：
a swimming pool
the waiting room
the reading room
a washing machine
a sleeping car
an operating table
1. 前置形容修饰词：
现代分词限定：
a crying baby
a raining day
a running pig
a burning tree
the exciting news
some boiling water
过去分词限定：
a broken car
the risen sun
a used bike
a warmed heart
wasted money
some boiled water
形容描述限定：
some black stones
those lovely children
a nice lady
a fast train
the latest news
an interesting story
exciting
interesting
growing
boring
following
developing
excited
used
worried
crowded
retired
developed
令人兴奋的
有趣的
日益增长的
令人厌倦的
下列的
发展中的
兴奋的
用过的/二手的
担忧的
拥挤的
退休的
发达的
其实，英文中有好些现在分词/过去分词已演化为固定的形容词，比如：
1-1. 分词的形容修饰词性：
1). 前置修饰词多个并列同时出现，顺序根据具体情况而定。比如：
1-2. 前置形容修饰词的排序：
一个著名的美国作家： 可以说成：a famous American writer
也可以是：an American famous writer (意思不会相差太大)
2. 形容修饰词后置：
people here
the boys there
1). 表述性形容词必须后置。比如：
the newspaper today
the weather tomorrow
soldiers still alive
a woman married
a dog ahead
any way possible
▲ 英文中有好些表述性的形容词无法用作前置定语。比如：
afraid, alone, awake, alive, asleep, aware, ill, sure, sorry, fond, worth, …
所以：
不能说：an afraid boy
要说成：a frightened boy
不能说：an alone dog
要说成：a single dog
不能说：a sure answer
要说成：a certain answer
5. 形容修饰词后置：
something enough/strange/wonderful/important/necessary/more…
anything enough/strange/wonderful/important/necessary/more…
nothing serious/important/strange/necessary/more…
somebody/nobody here/there/else/more…
someone/anyone here/there/else/more…
what important/serious/else/more…
2). 形容词修饰限定不定代词与部分代词时，必须后置。比如：
6. 常见的形容修饰词：
7. 名称限定词与修饰词的区别：
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool that gives an indication of whether someone is of a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a (person) weight
in KG by their height in meters squared, and ...
person’s
My brother is in the (school) tennis team. I am proud of him.
school
8. 形容词与动名词在修饰上的区别：
70% of the top 100 crops that feed 90% of the humans population reply on bees for pollination
(授粉). Without them, these plants would stop existing. This can have a (harm)
effect on the food chain.
harming