L21-不定代词 初中英语词性句法新讲课件(共13张PPT)

(共13张PPT)
不定代词
Lesson 21：
授课人：曾老师
不定代词的分类(一)：
* 不明确指代哪个人的，比如：
somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, everybody, everyone, no one
* 不明确指代哪个东西/事情/地点的：
thing(s), something(s), anything, everything, nothing
somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere
* 既可以用来指代人，又可以用来指代东西/事情的：
one, none, other, another, all, each, both, either, neither, some, any, little, few, half,
such, lot(s), many, much, whichever…
不定代词的分类(二)：
如果按照词性用法去分，不定代词可以分成二类：
* 只能用作代称词的：
somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, everybody, everyone,
thing(s), something(s), anything, everything, nothing
somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere
* 既可以用作代称词的，也可以用作限定词的：
one, other, another, all, each, both, either, neither, some, any, little, few, half, such, lot(s),
many, much, most, enough, rest, …
不定代词的双重词性：
some
any
little
few
half
many
much
both
either
all
each
名称词性：
some of us …
Don't worry about any of this.
You see very little of this wine these days.
Those are a few of my suggestions.
Two halves make a whole.
Don't take so many.
I lay awake for much of the night.
Both of these women have …
Do either of you smoke or drink heavily
All of the food has gone.
Each of the answers is worth 20 points.
限定词性：
some students …
I didn't eat any meat.
I had little money and a little free time...
Few people understand the difference.
She was half Italian and half English.
You made too many mistakes.
There was too much traffic that …
Both women were French.
His offices on either side were empty.
All five men are hard workers.
Each answer is worth 20 points.
不定代词的双重词性：
such
enough
rest
most
one
全部数词
…
名称词性：
Such is my first day in London.
Enough has been said on this subject.
I’m not doing this job for the rest of my life.
Most of my friends are Christian.
This is one of the mistakes.
to make up a four at tennis.
…
限定词性：
Why are you in such a hurry
Is there enough room for me
I just watched the rest part of the film.
I like most vegetables.
There’s only one thing we can do.
There are four bedrooms in this house.
…
Other、another的用法：
The one is …, the other (= the other one) is … (目标对象只有二个)
He is taller than any other boy in his class. (对比时要排除自己）
Some girls are reading, some others (= some other girls) are dancing.
I can speak English with many other students there.
“other”既可作为代称词用，也可作为限定词用。指从“二者”这个角度来指“其它的…”：
Please give me another cup of coffee. （目标对象数>2)
We need another computer. (= a new one)
We've still got another forty miles to go. (= a further)
I got another of those calls yesterday.
“another”词性用法一样，但指“多个情况下的另外任意一个…”：
“-ever”代称词：
You can email to whomever.
例句：
I don't want to hear anything, whatever it is.
▲ 注意：这些词不再有任何疑问的意思，所以不应该被称作疑问代词。
whoever
whomever
whatever
whichever
用来指无论什么人(主格形式)
也用来指无论什么人(宾格形式)
用来指无论什么事
用来指无论哪一个
也可归入人称代词
也可归入人称代词
也可归入物称代词
既可以是人称代词，也可以是物称代词
Do whatever you want.
也可以将“you want”看作是定语从句，用来修饰“whatever”。
Marry whomever you like.
也可以将“you like”看作是定语从句，用来修饰“whomever”。
其它代称词：
1. 部分名称词(有点象量化词)可以看作是代称词：
a group of soldiers
a team of football
The police are questioning them.
a room of students
a bowl of rice, a cup of tea, …
a piece of paper, …
“group”指代士兵们
“team”指代足球球队或队员们
“team”指代警局的警察们
“room”指一屋的学生
“bowl, cup”都可以看作是代词
“bowl, cup, piece”可以看作是代词
2. 表示颜色的名词可以用作代称词，比如：
Give me a black pen, I don’t want red. (“red”指代红色的笔)
其它代称词：
3. 下面这些词也可以看作是代称词(形容词代称名词)，比如：
If enough of you are interested, we’ll organize a trip to the theatre.
“enough”指代足够的人，相当于“enough persons”。
Now I have got a car of my own.
“own”指我自己拥有的东西，相当于“own things”。
Emails reveal how Hunter Biden tries to cash in big on behalf of family with Chinese firm.
“big”指大额数量，相当于“big quantity”。
请参考名动同形章节。
其它代称词：
4. 数词可以用作代称词：
Two of us finished the work.
Hundreds of people came to visit them.
Lots of the boys like to play football.
Half of the work is already finished.
“two”指代我们中的两个人(数量确定，哪二个不确定)
“hundreds”指代几百号人，注意可用复数形式
“lots”指代好几个扎堆的男孩群，注意可用复数形式
“half”指代一半的工作
▲ 特别提醒：数词用作代词，且需要特指情况：
Our house is the one next to the school.
Mary and Betty are my friends. I found there is no difference between the two in characters.
生词填空练习：
Driving in the mountains of my home can be very interesting at times. Today I was driving home and taking in the fall scenery. I smiled as I glanced at the changing leaves on the trees. They had become as bright and beautiful as the flowers in spring. Just as I drove past a wonderful, red male tree I saw a large doe(小鹿) bounding(蹦蹦跳跳) across the road ahead of me. Knowing what might be coming next, I put on the brakes(刹车) and my car screeched to a halt(停下来).
I stared at the frightened, frozen fawn(幼鹿) and waited while its mom came back to get it. I smiled as I watched the ran down the hill and disappeared in the woods. ...
选择填空练习：
1. They have planted trees.
A. one hundred of B. two hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundreds
2. About the villagers lost their homes in the floods.
A. thousand B. three thousand of C. three thousands D. thousands
其它代称词：
5. 用在从句或特殊不定式中，“what, which, whose”也是代称词(没有疑问之意)：
What he did is very important for us.
I don’t know who did this.
I don’t know what to do.
He doesn’t know which to choose.
Do you know whose this camera is
▲ 注意：下列句子中的“what, which , whose”不是代称词，它们属于名称词的限定词：
What subject is your favorite
Which class are you in
Whose camera is this
I don’t know what subject to choose.
Please don’t care which class they are in.
Tell me whose camera will be better.
“what”指代他做过的“事情”
“who”指代做过这件事情的那个“谁”
“what”指代要去做的“事情”
“which”指代要选择的“那一样东西”
“whose”指代“谁的相机”
其它代称词：
6. 用在非疑问句中的“when, where, why, how”也可以看作是代称词(而不是副词)：
When she will leave is still a secret.
Could you tell me where the nearest bus station is
Do you know how we can get to the airport
Who knows why he is late
“when”指代某个时间
“where”指代某个地点
“how”指代某种方式方法
“why”指代某种原因
▲ 详情请参阅：从句中标签词的名称性