L28-情态辅助动词一 初中英语词性句法新讲课件(共11张PPT)

(共11张PPT)
情态辅助动词一
Lesson 28：
授课人：曾老师
Can
Wow, the bird can sing an English song.
She can’t sing it in English.
Can you swim
肯定：能力上行
否定：能力上不行
疑问：问能力上行不行
He can drive us to Hangzhou.
He can’t go with me.
Can you go with me
肯定：条件许可(能力也行)
否定：不能、不行
疑问：能不能、行不行
We/You can smoke here.
No one can take it away.
Can we come to your dance
肯定：条件许可(允许同意)
否定：不可以、不行
疑问：能不能、行不行
情态辅助动词：
情态辅助词不多，主要有以下这些，用来表达说话者不同的情绪与态度：
情态辅助动词：
It can be quite cold here in winter.
It can’t be true.
Can he be serious
肯定：极有可能(推测)
否定：极不可能
疑问：真有可能吗？
Can we smoke here
Can you read it for me
Can he get some tea for me now
疑问：征求对方意见
How can I love myself when I look like this
“How can…”表示反问
Can’t you speak it a little loud
“否定+疑问”表示责问反问
Can
Could
He said he could finish it on time.
He said he couldn’t drive us to Hangzhou.
We couldn’t go with you at that time.
He told me we could live here.
作为can的过去式，表述
相同的意思，但could的
强度相对要弱一点
He could have already finished it if you had helped him.
He could sing an English song. (现在不能了)
表示假定(也许能/不可能).
过去式有含与现在情况相反之意
It could be fun to watch them.
It couldn’t be raining tomorrow.
Could it be raining tomorrow
You could do it better.
Do you really think I could get the exact thing I want
肯定：推测较有可能、
本来较有可能
否定：推测几乎不可能
疑问：有可能吗？
情态辅助动词：
Could I use your phone, please
Could you please speak it in Chinese
疑问：委婉征求对方意见
We could write a letter to the director.
I could do it now, if you like.
能与行的情况下提出建议
How could you do that
“How could…”表示责问
Couldn’t you ask Jon to the party
“否定+疑问”表示责问反问
情态辅助动词：
Could
May
You may stand on the chair.
You may hold it.
You may not interfere with me.
肯定：允许同意
否定：不可以、不行
She may come tonight.
He may be a good father but he’s a terrible husband.
He may have been to some of those places.
The list may not be complete.
People who shit on you, may not be your enemy.
肯定：也许有可能(推测)
否定：不太有可能
不一定会
I’m going by bike, and you may go by bus.
肯定：可以(建议)
May I use your computer
May we come to your dance
疑问：征求对方意见
有可能吗/可以吗？
情态辅助动词：
跟can意思相近，
但can语气上更强。
跟can意思相近，
但can语气上更强。
Might
He said he might come the next day.
He said Mary might come the next day.
You might ask him for advice on this matter.
作为may的过去式，表述
相同的意思，但might的
强度相对要弱一点
I thought you might have invited her over.
He might have already finished it if you had helped him.
用于假定(也许可能/不会).
过去式有含与现在情况相
反之意
You might want to consider cycling.
He might come here in time, but I can’t be sure.
Smoking might be banned totally in most buildings.
肯定: 有那么一点可能
(推测)
You might try calling the help desk.
肯定：也许可以(建议)
Might I ask what you’re doing here
疑问：弱弱问一下
情态辅助动词：
Must
We must be honest and faithful to the people.
You must make a clean break with him.
Someone must be responsible for this lose.
You mustn’t fire without my signal.
You mustn’t do that. It's wrong.
What must I do, Mrs. Jones
肯定：因情因势需要
否定：绝对不可以
疑问：有必要/有需要吗？
“You must be Emma.” said the visitor ...
This must be a very difficult job for you.
We must pay a high price for our stupid acts.
He mustn’t be untruthful, or a coward. (懦夫)
They mustn’t stay under the tree.
肯定：肯定/绝对…
(极强推测)
否定：绝对不可以
情态辅助动词：
Need
All you need bring are sheets.
You needn’t finish that work today.
Need I remind you who the enemy is
肯定：必须 (强势的主观意愿)
否定：不必，没必要
疑问：有必要…
情态辅助动词：
Dare
I dare say you know about it already.
I daren’t tell her the truth.
Dare you say it to her
肯定：敢/有胆量…
否定：不敢/没有胆量…
疑问：敢吗/有胆量？
How dare you say I'm unfair
How dare you not tell me you are going to marry her
“How dare…”表示责问
情态辅助动词：
“need, dare”同时也可用作实义动词，区别：
* 做情态助动词时，没有三单、过去式，可直接提前构成疑问，直接加not构成否定。后跟动词原形。
* 做实义动作词时，它有三单、过去式，疑问与否定要借助另外的助动词来帮忙(以do为代表)。后面如果跟动作，
要用带to的不定式。
情态辅助动词：
以“need”为例：
情态助动词：
She need go now.
Need she leave now
She need not come to school at present.
He needn’t worry about us now.
实义动词：
He needs a tool to work it out.
He needs to win this game.
He needed to make a complete break with the past.
Does he need to take the medicine four times a day
He didn’t need to do anything.
She may(will) need to have a rest.