L73-复合句之宾语从句 初中英语词性句法新讲课件

(共9张PPT)
复合句--宾语从句
Lesson 73：
授课人：曾老师
宾语从句的类型及构成方式：
① 陈述句转过来的宾语从句。比如：
He says (that) he will go back to England soon.
I am afraid (that) this poor dog will die soon.
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
▲ 需要注意的问题：
1. 主句为现在时基调，则从句可以用任何时态。
2. 主句如果是过去时基调，则从句原则上也要用过去时基调。
He said that he would go back to England soon.
He told me that was what he wanted.
He told me that boy was quite smart.
宾语从句的类型及构成方式：
▲ 如果从句表述自然规律与生活哲理时(即以前这样，现在仍然还这样)，则仍用现在时。比如：
They thought (that) money is always something.
My mother told us (that) a horse is bigger than a dog.
▲ 标签词“that”如果在从句中作宾语时可以省略，其它情况则不可以。比如：
He told me (that) that was what he wanted.
He told me (that) that boy was quite smart.
宾语从句的类型及构成方式：
② 一般疑问句转过来的宾语从句。比如：
Lily asked if/whether it would rain the next day.
Tell me if it is your bag.
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
▲ 需要注意的问题：
1. 宾语从句中既可以使用标签词“whether”，也可以使用标签词“if”。
2. 只有“whether”才可以和“or not”搭配使用。
宾语从句的类型及构成方式：
▲ 需要注意的问题：
1. 从句的语序永远是陈述句的语序。
2. 主句为现在时，则不要求从句跟主句时态保持一致。
2. 主句为过去时，宾语从句中的时态原则上要与主句保持一致。但也要考虑具体情况，比如表述自然规律
时就不用过去时，否则会立生歧义。
③ 特殊疑问句转过来的宾语从句。比如：
Do you know what time their plane leaves
Can you tell me who is our English teacher
Did you know how they got to the airport
Can you guess how much we spent during the trip
Could you tell me where the nearest bus station is
Who knows why he was late
Do whatever you want to do.
宾语从句的情况：
A. 及物动词的宾语从句。比如：
He says that he will go back to England soon.
Do you know what time their plane leaves
Who knows why he is late
Do whatever you want to do.
B. 介词的宾语从句。比如：
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
C. 动词词组后的宾语从句。比如：
I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip
宾语从句的情况：
D. V4句型中的宾语从句。比如：
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
They discovered what they had learned (to be) valuable.
这种情况下，常用“it”来指代宾语从句，而将宾从放到后面：
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.
He feels it a pity that his son hasn’t got the first prize.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him.
We all think it strange that she doesn’t want to go.
We all think it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this matter.
▲ 上述情况下，标签词“that”不可以省略。
宾语从句其它注意事项：
在表达个人意见或想法时，常将否定前置到主句中，语气上更客气些。比如：
I don’t think he will come to my party.
I don’t think you are right, are you
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he
I don't believe they have finished their work yet, have they
这种情况不就不需要前置：
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he
宾语从句其它注意事项：
▲特别注意不定式短语作目的状语这种结构：
1. We did what we could you.
A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps
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2. --‘We’ll do what we can English well this term.’ --‘It’s high time for you to work hard. ’
A. study B. to study C. be studied D. be studying
3. Before he went abroad, he spent as much time as he English.
A. could learning B. learned C. could to learn D. could learn
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