L35-说明其它各种关系的介词 初中英语词性句法新讲课件

(共21张PPT)
说明其它各种关系的介词
Lesson 35：
授课人：曾老师
说明其它各种关系的介词：
1. 界定方式方法的：

on (foot), by (bus/air/train/boat…), in (English/this way),
make money through the internet, …
call me at 139 9087 ...
learn the piano under Mr. Smith, learn a lot from his grandpa.
2. 界定对象内容的：

(be good) at (learning English…)
do well in sth.
(be busy) in (doing sth.)
(be interested) in (sth.)
(have difficulty/trouble) in (doing sth.)
(help sb.) with (my homework)
(be angry) with sb.
agree with sb.
(talk) with sb. about (sth.)
(advice) on (how to learn English)
I didn’t have a lot of money a big house and I was a single mum three young kids.
说明其它各种关系的介词：
3. 界定目标方向的：

(walk) to/towards (me/the school)
(come) from (Korea), from my opinion,
She climbed up the flight of steps.
Go down the street.
Walk along the street.
He tries to do his job to the best of his ability.
说明其它各种关系的介词：
To用于对象的部分短语：

We are looking forward to visiting the city.
Pay attention to (your) spelling.
He devoted himself to seeking for a way to cure cancer.
Reporters should stick to investigating the facts.
I am used to getting up early.
Once you want to do something, you must get down to doing it well.
He gives his life to helping the poor.
My wife has a great dislike to smoking.
Working people everywhere object to paying taxes.
People are opposed to planting trees there.
Scientists tries to apply the new technology to farming.
说明其它各种关系的介词：
4. 界定目的原因的：

(buy a flower) for (him)
(a hat) for (his grandpa)
(an idea) for (solving this problem)
Thank you for your help
because of the storm
…
6. 界定节奏频率的：

(go to visit my parents) every (week)
5. 界定涉及内容的：

... talk of his mum.
You speak of her with hate. (= relating to)
He doesn’t like to talk about his private life.
7. 界定条件依据或假设的：

They may go camping, depending on the weather.
In case of urgency, call the police.
说明其它各种关系的介词：
8. 界定数量额度的：

It costs about $10.
It’s less than a mile to the beach.
It weighed between nine and ten kilos.
Snow is falling all over the country.
He’s over sixty.
We cannot accept children above the age of 10.
The temperatures remained below freezing all day.
The situation is beyond/under our control.
* There are stories of people buying a painting in an antique shop for peanuts only to find out it’s actually
worth thousands of pounds.
说明其它各种关系的介词：
9. 界定伴随一起的：

(go) with (a dog/him…), (live in an island) without (any tools).
With these words, he left the office.
With the help of this machine, we can make a new product.
I’ve got a three-day holiday including New Year’s Day.
Besides the two novels, I have bought two CDs. (=including)
We work every day except Sunday. (=not including)
There are nothing but books in the room. (= if not including)
说明其它各种关系的介词：
10. 界定顺序排位的：

He arrived before me.
Two boys were ahead of us.
For the first time in my career, I was failing.
He walked out, and Louise went after him.
She sat down next to him on the sofa.
I'm warning you for the last time. Stop talking!
11. 界定工具渠道的：

write with (a pen)
by (bus/air/train/boat…)
说明其它各种关系的介词：
12. 界定让步退让的：

After all, she is your boss. (毕竟)
She’s tall for her age.
In any case, book the tickets first.
Don’t change those files in any way.
The bridge must be repaired within three days at any costs ( price, risk). (不管任何代价)
A well-educated man would not do it for anything. (无论如何，无论为了什么)
In spite of all the difficulties, we finished the work ahead. (不管所有的困难)
Despite a heavy rain, we still decide to go on with the journey.
Despite what you think, I do need this job. I have no money.
说明其它各种关系的介词：
13. 界定姿式轨迹的：

He took his foot off the desk.
(go) through/along/across (the street)
14. 界定意义结果的：

This suggestion will lead to an argument.
a key to this lock, the key to success
说明其它各种关系的介词：
15. 界定相似类同的：

He is like his father.
He walks just like his father.
16. 界定替代替换的：

He drove the car instead of his mother.
We just had soup instead of a full meal.
16. 方式手段：

I want to finish this on my own.
I like to be on my own sometimes.
说明其它各种关系的介词：
18. 界定状态情况的：

A new railway station is under construction.
Under the leadership of the Party, we are living a happy life.
It was the hottest July on record.
The boys are in red. ... people in hurry. She looked at me in surprise.
17. 界定赞成反对的：

You are in favor of the plan, are not you
Fight against cancer.
Are you for or against the proposal
He gave speeches about his story against difficulties.
说明其它各种关系的介词：
19. as结构：

Treat me as a friend. She is elected as the monitor of our class.
The main points are as the followings ...
Please fill in the form as below, if you need to apply for this job.
You copy this from an existing activity, as shown above.
It's not that difficult. As a matter of fact, it’s quite easy.
Steve, as usual, was the last one to arrive.
He made one big mistake, and, as a result, lost his job.
as expected / reported / planned / written in ...
As to who travels the most, a study found that those from America topped the list. 话题指向某方面
As for the traveling habits, Russian prefer exploring historical places. 话题针对某方面
说明其它各种关系的介词：
20. by结构：

I met her by chance at the airport.
This is caused by accidents at sea or land.
This novel is by Shakespear.
I finish the work all by myself.
2021年1月高考浙江卷：
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI(体重指数) increased
2.1 in women and men.
▲The Central Bank has lowered interest rates (利率) by 2 percent.
▲The value of artwork can increase by handsome sum.
by
说明其它各种关系的介词：
21. in the name of... 结构：

Let me thank you in the name of us all.
In the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost, Amen.
Where in the name of Heaven have you been
22. to one’s surprise 结构

To my surprise, all the questions were different.
To my pleasure, my brother found a good job.
To my sadness, my dog finally died.
To his mother's joy, he won the first prize.
说明其它各种关系的介词：
23. under the help of ... 结构

How to achieve success under the help of entrepreneur investments(创业投资)
24. of great use 结构

You will find that this book is of great use in learning English.
This matter is of great importance to us.
The shoes are of 4 different sizes.
A college education is of great value in one's life.
说明其它各种关系的介词：
25. prefer ... to ... 结构， prefer ... than ... 结构
I prefer the quiet countryside to the noisy cities.
Some people prefer talking to doing.
I prefer to work rather than sit there doing nothing.
介词的种类还有很多，
这里就不一一例举了。
26. would rather ... than ... 结构

Kids would rather play than study.
I’ve got a three-day holiday including today.
It typically takes a day or two, depending on size.
Call me if you have any problems regarding your work.
"Can’t you tell me " he said, pointing to young Murphy.
Cassie went into the office, following her teacher.
Cassie went into the office, followed by her teacher.
She’s very active, considering her age.
We often provide our kids with footballs, thinking they may like them.
Judged from your dress, you must be somebody.
有些分词，比如象“including, depending, regarding”等，经过演化后已被当作介词来使用。
比如：
分词转变过来的介词：
After their homework finished, the children went out to play football.
With the candles still burning, he fell asleep.
If time permitting, we'll do another two exercises.
When I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head.
As his computer being occupied, he has nothing to do but wait.
Since all his work having been finished, he left his office.
While working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
连词+分词短语，也可以看作是介词短语。比如：
连词转变过来的介词：
“after”本身是介词
“with”本身是介词
“if”可看作是介词
“when”可看作是介词
“as”可看作是介词
“since”可看作是介词
“while”可看作是介词
be busy (in) doing sth.
spend… (in) doing sth.
have difficulty (in) doing sth.
have trouble (in) doing sth.
“in”的省略：
He has been waiting (for) 3 hours.
The rain lasted (for) a whole(整个的) afternoon.
We haven’t seen each other (for) a long time.
She’s visited China (for) many times.
“for”的省略：
We will see you (on) Tuesday.
I lost my key (on) that day.
The door will open (on) tomorrow.
“on”的省略：
How often do you write (to) your parents
These flowers are going to be given (to) the winners.
“to”的省略：
介词的省略：
常见介词解析：