(共10张PPT)
名词短语的构成
Lesson 36:
授课人:曾老师
课前测试:
1. 群山环绕的一个村庄: .
2. 这里的那些懒婆娘们: .
3. 无啥其它重要的事情: .
4. 树上无一颗桔子: .
5. 一个身无分文的可怜的老头子: .
6. 几匹从我身边飞奔而过的马: .
7. 受邀参加这个会议的所有嘉宾: .
名称词短语表述翻译:
8. 没父母亲陪着的、跟在一辆公交车后面朝着学校方向走过去的几个小男孩:
.
1. 名词短语的构成:
名词短语是以名称词为中心主词、再结合各类修饰限定辅词组合而成的短语。
那么,名词短语的“组合公式”是怎么样的吗?
我们先以”girl”为例进行说明:
girl:
只代表女孩的概念通称,并没有具体指到哪一个具体实在的女孩
a girl:
名词短语,指一个女孩 (没有明确指定哪一个)
a Chinese girl:
指一个中国或汉族的女孩
a beautiful Chinese girl:
指一个漂亮的中国女孩
a beautiful Chinese girl from Shanghai:
指一个来自于上海的漂亮的中国女孩
2. 简易版的名称短语:
一类前置限定词
名称中心词
+
a(n)/the
this/that
these/those
my/your/his/her/our/their/…
few/a few/some/any/many/…
one/two/three/four/…
no
his
…
book
man
desks
teacher(s)
students
tree(s)
money/tree(not a tree)/trees(not any trees)
spelling/writing
…
简易版的名词短语有二部分组成:
3. 标准版的名称短语:
a(n)/the
this/that
these/those
my/your/his/her/our/their/…
few/a few/some/any/many/…
one/two/three/four/…
no
…
interesting
strange
cheap
English
American
tall
pocket
…
book
man
desks and chairs
teacher(s)
students
tree(s)
money
…
一类前置限定词
二类前置限定/修饰词
+
名称中心词
+
标准版的名词短语有三部分组成:
4. 扩大版的名称短语:
一类前置限定词
二类前置限定/修饰词
+
名称中心词
+
后置限定/修饰词
+
an
this
these
their
some
one
no
a
the
…
interesting
warm-hearted
cheap
Science
American
burning tall
pocket
beautiful Chinese
best
…
book
man
desks and chairs
teacher
students
tree
money
girl
films
…
about Africa
famous for dancing
in our classroom
standing over there
invited to our school
without any leaves
with me
in red
this year
…
扩大版的名词短语有四部分组成:
5. 非标版的名称短语:
一类前置限定词
二类前置限定/修饰词
+
名称中心词
+
后置限定/修饰词
+
/
/
some
each
a
/
/
/
/
...
/
/
/
/
/
/
cartoon
heated
some
...
grandparents
answers
cars
coin
room
something
films
water
girls
...
from different countries
to this question
(imported) from Japan
with blood
to live in
to eat
this year
in this bottle
afraid of snakes
...
非标版的名词短语可以省略一类或(和)二类:
6. 名称词的后置限定短语:
对名称词进行后置限定的短语有:
1. 介词短语
2. 形容词短语
3. 现在分词短语
4. 过去分词短语
5. 动词不定式
6. 具有修饰限定词的名词短语
a car under the tree
the girls afraid of snakes
the guests attending the meeting
the guests invited to this meeting
something to do, a room to live in
a meeting this afternoon
测试题解答:
1. 群山环绕的一个村庄: .
2. 这里的那些懒婆娘们: .
3. 无啥其它重要的事情: .
4. 树上无一颗桔子: .
5. 一个身无分文的可怜的老头子: .
6. 几匹从我身边飞奔而过的马: .
7. 受邀参加这个会议的所有佳宾: .
名词词短语表述翻译:
8. 没父母亲陪着的、跟在一辆公交车后面朝着学校方向走过去的几个小男孩:
.
a village among mountains
nothing else important
those lazy women here
no orange on the tree
a poor old man without any money
all the guests invited to this meeting
a few(several) horses running past(by) me
several small boys to the school after a bus without their parents
测试题解答:
There is a bookshelf (有) many books in the room.
with