8B Unit1 Past and present Grammar 课件
文档属性
| 名称 | 8B Unit1 Past and present Grammar 课件 |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 263.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2013-02-05 16:22:15 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
课件21张PPT。8 B Unit 1 Past and present
Grammar (A)
Present perfect tenseEddie has lived with Millie since he was born.埃迪自从出生以来，一直和米莉住在一起。Eddie has lived with Millie for four years. Eddie has eaten my food.埃迪已经和米莉居住在一起四年了。埃迪吃了我的食物。（“居住”这个动作从出生一直延续到现在，可能还要继续延续下去。）（“居住”这个动作从4年前延续到现在，可能还会继续延续下去。）Eddie ate my food and now Hobo has nothing to eat.一、现在完成时的含义（1）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。 如for、since 等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）时间状语的表达方法有两种: 1.Eddie has lived with Millie for 4 years.2.Eddie has lived with Milliesince he was born.since 2006for: + 一段时间 for a year, for two weeks, for three years...
过去的某一时刻, since last week, since 2008…
Since 一段时间+ago, since 9 years ago, since 3 days ago…,
+点时间 一般过去时态的时间状语从句：since you came，
since he moved here, since I was born…
since 4 years ago.Let’ try!用since或for填空：
1.I have been at this school ____________ more than two years.
2. She has worked in the factory ___________ ten years ago.
3. Mr. Green has lived in the city ____________ he was born.
4. His father has been a party member ___________ twenty years.
forforsincesince（2）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达) 通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just(句中）, already(句中，句末）, before(句末）, yet（句末）, never（句中）, ever（句中）,recently(句末)等状语连用。例如：
1.Eddie has just eaten my food. (Eddie已经吃了我的食物。）
2.I have never heard of that before.（我以前从未听说过那件事）
3. Have you ever ridden a horse?（你曾经骑过马吗？）
4.She has already finished the work.
（她早已经完成这个工作了。）
5.We haven’t finished our homework yet.
(我们还没有完成作业呢。)
二、现在完成时的构成（1）肯定句：I/We/You/They + 助动词have + p.p(过去分词）+其它。
He/She/It + 助动词has + p.p(过去分词）+其它。e.g.
They ______________ their homework. (finish）
He ______________his homework. （finish)have finished
has finished（2）否定句I/We/You/They+have not / hasn’t +p.p(过去分词）+其它。
He/She/It +has not / hasn’t +p.p(过去分词）+其它。e.g.
They _______________ their homework yet (还未）. (finish）
He _______________ his homework yet. （finish)haven’t finished
hasn’t finished(3)一般疑问句及回答---Have+I/you/we/they+p.p(过去分词）+其它？
---Yes, I/you/we/they have.
---No, I/you/we/they haven’t.
---Has +she/he/it+p.p(过去分词） +其它？
---Yes, she/he/it has.
---No, she/he/it hasn’t.
e.g.
_______you _______the film?(watch)
Yes, I _______.
_______your father ________the film?(watch)
No, he _______.Have watched
haveHas watched
hasn’t (4)特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+p.p(过去分词）+其它？e.g.
The girl has learned English for 6 years.
I have eaten two apples for breakfast.
How long has the girl learned English?
What have you eaten for breakfast?
三、 过去分词的构成(A) 规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
work---worked---worked, visit---visited---visited
(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived ,
(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i” ，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied, cry---cried---cried
(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped, drop---dropped--dropped
dump??(B) 不规则动词的过去分词(Page121)四、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。
而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。
2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
◎ 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等具体的时间状语。
◎ 现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, ever, never, just, already,yet,in the past/last few years等不确定的时间状语。
I bought a new computer last week.——只强调动作发生在过去。
I have bought a new computer.——不强调动作什么时候发生，只强调现在的结果是拥有了一台新电脑。Let’s try! I’m sure you can do it well!1.I _________(see) the 3D film Avatar. It’s amazing!
I _________(see) it one month ago. 2.--Is your grandfather still alive? --No, he _____already ______(die).
--When _______he _______(die)? --He _______last year(die). 3.I _______just _______ (hear) of the earthquake in Tangshan.
--The earthquake?
--Yes, it _________(happen) on March 6th, three days ago.4.Mr. Li _______(begin) to work in this factory in 1990.
He ___________ (work) in the factory for 20 years.5. The Greens _________(live) in China since
they _______(move) here in 2003.have seensawhas dieddid diediedhave heardhappenedbeganhas workedhas livedmovedMaking sentences (page 14):1.They ____________(finish) their homework.
2. Mr and Mrs Li ____________ (not come) back yet.
3. John __________(play) this computer game a few times.
4. We ____________(not see) that film yet.
5. Mr Dong ____________(repair) over ten bicycles since last
Monday.
6. You _____________(not visit) me for a long time.
Keys: 1.have finished 2. haven’t come 3. has played
4. haven’t seen 5. has repaired 6. haven’t visitedChat time (page 15):Millie: (1)_____ you ____(see) any exhibitions recently, Sandy?
Sandy: No, I (2)_______. What about you?
Millie: Well, I (3)________(see) one. I saw it at the history museum last week.
Sandy: What’s it about?
Millie: I (4)_____________(forget) the title. It’s about changes in Beijing over the past century（世纪）.
Sandy: Oh, yes. I (5)__________(hear) about it.(6)_____ your cousin _____(go) with you?
Millie: No, he (7)______. He (8)________(be) very busy this week.
Have seenhaven’thave seenhave forgottenhave heardDidgodidn’t has beenSandy: Did you enjoy the exhibition?
Millie: Yes, I did. I (9)_______(learn) a lot about Beijing’s past and present. It’s a good exhibition and I (10)____________(decide) to see it again. Do you want to go with me?
Sandy: Sure, I won’t miss it this time.
learnthave decidedLet’s try!1. She has already cleaned the kitchen. (改为否定句)
→She __________ cleaned the kitchen ___________.
2. They have visited some interesting places in China. (改为一般疑问句)
→___________ they _____________ ___________ interesting places in China?
3. The poor dog has died.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答）
→_________the poor dog _________? -No, it __________.
4. They have borrowed ten books from the library. (对划线部分提问)
→_________ _________books __________ they _________ from the library?
5. I have ever been to the Great Wall. (改为否定句)
I ________ ________ been to the Great Wall.
6. They have studied here since they moved to the city. (对划线部分提问)
___________ ___________ _________ they _________ here?
hasn’t yetHave visited anyHas died hasn’tHow many have borrowedhave neverHow long have studiedConclusion：
现在完成时的含义
现在完成时的构成
现在完成时过去分词的构成
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别Homework：
1.朗读课本对话。
2.背诵不规则动词的过去分词。
3 预习课本P16-17.That’s all for today!
Thanks for listening!
Have a nice day!
Bye!Who?Where?When?What?How old?
Grammar (A)
Present perfect tenseEddie has lived with Millie since he was born.埃迪自从出生以来，一直和米莉住在一起。Eddie has lived with Millie for four years. Eddie has eaten my food.埃迪已经和米莉居住在一起四年了。埃迪吃了我的食物。（“居住”这个动作从出生一直延续到现在，可能还要继续延续下去。）（“居住”这个动作从4年前延续到现在，可能还会继续延续下去。）Eddie ate my food and now Hobo has nothing to eat.一、现在完成时的含义（1）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。 如for、since 等引导的时间状语。（注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词）时间状语的表达方法有两种: 1.Eddie has lived with Millie for 4 years.2.Eddie has lived with Milliesince he was born.since 2006for: + 一段时间 for a year, for two weeks, for three years...
过去的某一时刻, since last week, since 2008…
Since 一段时间+ago, since 9 years ago, since 3 days ago…,
+点时间 一般过去时态的时间状语从句：since you came，
since he moved here, since I was born…
since 4 years ago.Let’ try!用since或for填空：
1.I have been at this school ____________ more than two years.
2. She has worked in the factory ___________ ten years ago.
3. Mr. Green has lived in the city ____________ he was born.
4. His father has been a party member ___________ twenty years.
forforsincesince（2）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。(汉语中常用“已经”、“过”、“了”等表达) 通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just(句中）, already(句中，句末）, before(句末）, yet（句末）, never（句中）, ever（句中）,recently(句末)等状语连用。例如：
1.Eddie has just eaten my food. (Eddie已经吃了我的食物。）
2.I have never heard of that before.（我以前从未听说过那件事）
3. Have you ever ridden a horse?（你曾经骑过马吗？）
4.She has already finished the work.
（她早已经完成这个工作了。）
5.We haven’t finished our homework yet.
(我们还没有完成作业呢。)
二、现在完成时的构成（1）肯定句：I/We/You/They + 助动词have + p.p(过去分词）+其它。
He/She/It + 助动词has + p.p(过去分词）+其它。e.g.
They ______________ their homework. (finish）
He ______________his homework. （finish)have finished
has finished（2）否定句I/We/You/They+have not / hasn’t +p.p(过去分词）+其它。
He/She/It +has not / hasn’t +p.p(过去分词）+其它。e.g.
They _______________ their homework yet (还未）. (finish）
He _______________ his homework yet. （finish)haven’t finished
hasn’t finished(3)一般疑问句及回答---Have+I/you/we/they+p.p(过去分词）+其它？
---Yes, I/you/we/they have.
---No, I/you/we/they haven’t.
---Has +she/he/it+p.p(过去分词） +其它？
---Yes, she/he/it has.
---No, she/he/it hasn’t.
e.g.
_______you _______the film?(watch)
Yes, I _______.
_______your father ________the film?(watch)
No, he _______.Have watched
haveHas watched
hasn’t (4)特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+p.p(过去分词）+其它？e.g.
The girl has learned English for 6 years.
I have eaten two apples for breakfast.
How long has the girl learned English?
What have you eaten for breakfast?
三、 过去分词的构成(A) 规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
work---worked---worked, visit---visited---visited
(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived ,
(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i” ，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied, cry---cried---cried
(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped, drop---dropped--dropped
dump??(B) 不规则动词的过去分词(Page121)四、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。
而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。
2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
◎ 一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等具体的时间状语。
◎ 现在完成时的时间状语有：for, since, ever, never, just, already,yet,in the past/last few years等不确定的时间状语。
I bought a new computer last week.——只强调动作发生在过去。
I have bought a new computer.——不强调动作什么时候发生，只强调现在的结果是拥有了一台新电脑。Let’s try! I’m sure you can do it well!1.I _________(see) the 3D film Avatar. It’s amazing!
I _________(see) it one month ago. 2.--Is your grandfather still alive? --No, he _____already ______(die).
--When _______he _______(die)? --He _______last year(die). 3.I _______just _______ (hear) of the earthquake in Tangshan.
--The earthquake?
--Yes, it _________(happen) on March 6th, three days ago.4.Mr. Li _______(begin) to work in this factory in 1990.
He ___________ (work) in the factory for 20 years.5. The Greens _________(live) in China since
they _______(move) here in 2003.have seensawhas dieddid diediedhave heardhappenedbeganhas workedhas livedmovedMaking sentences (page 14):1.They ____________(finish) their homework.
2. Mr and Mrs Li ____________ (not come) back yet.
3. John __________(play) this computer game a few times.
4. We ____________(not see) that film yet.
5. Mr Dong ____________(repair) over ten bicycles since last
Monday.
6. You _____________(not visit) me for a long time.
Keys: 1.have finished 2. haven’t come 3. has played
4. haven’t seen 5. has repaired 6. haven’t visitedChat time (page 15):Millie: (1)_____ you ____(see) any exhibitions recently, Sandy?
Sandy: No, I (2)_______. What about you?
Millie: Well, I (3)________(see) one. I saw it at the history museum last week.
Sandy: What’s it about?
Millie: I (4)_____________(forget) the title. It’s about changes in Beijing over the past century（世纪）.
Sandy: Oh, yes. I (5)__________(hear) about it.(6)_____ your cousin _____(go) with you?
Millie: No, he (7)______. He (8)________(be) very busy this week.
Have seenhaven’thave seenhave forgottenhave heardDidgodidn’t has beenSandy: Did you enjoy the exhibition?
Millie: Yes, I did. I (9)_______(learn) a lot about Beijing’s past and present. It’s a good exhibition and I (10)____________(decide) to see it again. Do you want to go with me?
Sandy: Sure, I won’t miss it this time.
learnthave decidedLet’s try!1. She has already cleaned the kitchen. (改为否定句)
→She __________ cleaned the kitchen ___________.
2. They have visited some interesting places in China. (改为一般疑问句)
→___________ they _____________ ___________ interesting places in China?
3. The poor dog has died.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答）
→_________the poor dog _________? -No, it __________.
4. They have borrowed ten books from the library. (对划线部分提问)
→_________ _________books __________ they _________ from the library?
5. I have ever been to the Great Wall. (改为否定句)
I ________ ________ been to the Great Wall.
6. They have studied here since they moved to the city. (对划线部分提问)
___________ ___________ _________ they _________ here?
hasn’t yetHave visited anyHas died hasn’tHow many have borrowedhave neverHow long have studiedConclusion：
现在完成时的含义
现在完成时的构成
现在完成时过去分词的构成
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别Homework：
1.朗读课本对话。
2.背诵不规则动词的过去分词。
3 预习课本P16-17.That’s all for today!
Thanks for listening!
Have a nice day!
Bye!Who?Where?When?What?How old?