中考英语语法一点通课件——Lesson 5 动词

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Lesson 5动词动词表示动作和状态的词动词的分类实义动词表示行为、动作或状态的词，具有实在的意义，又称为行为动词。如：play, give, listen助动词帮助实义动词构成各种时态和句型的动词。如：do, does, did, will系动词用来帮助说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的动词。如：be, look, smell, taste, sound, feel, become, get情态动词表示说话人情感和态度的词，后面接实义动词原形。如：can,may, must, need实义动词HelearnsEnglish well.He islearningEnglish in the classroom.HelearnedEnglish when he was a student.He wantsto learnEnglish.实义动词分类一及物动词vt不及物动词vi后面必须跟宾语，意义才完整的实义动词，叫做及物动词。visit, see, give, tell, wash, watch, buy, hear, thank, spend, keepgo, die, fall, run, fly, jump, speak, listen, happen本身意义完整，后面不用跟宾语的实义动词，叫做不及物动词。实义动词分类二延续性动词瞬间性动词所表示的动作可以在一段时间内持续进行的动词。sleep, study, work, live所表示的动作不可以在一段时间内持续进行，一发生就结束的动词。die, leave, fall,go, come助动词beWe are working hard in the garden.Look, some girls are singing in the classroom.do/does/didHe doesn’t like to have hamburgers.Did you live in Shanghai will/shallI will call you this evening.What shall we do next week have/has/hadHe has learned English for 10 years.Had you finished the work before he came back 系动词状态类系动词beTheyarestudents.Heisill.感官类系动词look, sound, smell, taste, feelThis kind of paperfeelssoft.This flowersmellssweet.The applestastegood.变化类系动词become, get, turn, go,comeThe day isbecomingshorter and shorter.You aregettingfatter.The leavesturnyellow in autumn.系动词+名词/形容词保持类系动词keep, stay, remainHe alwayskeptsilent at class.The windowstayedopen all the night.情态动词can/could能够、会He can swim.The old man could jump high years ago.表示请求、允许，“可以”Can I use your telephone ---Could you lend your car to me ---Of course, I can.may/might表示请求、允许，“可以”You may go home now.---May I go now ---No, you mustn’t/can't.表示推测，意为“可能、也许”He may be at home.They might come tomorrow.must表示必须，否定式为mustn't，意为“禁止”We must study hard.You mustn’t play with fire.表示推测，意为“一定”，只用于肯定句中，否定句中用can’tThe man over there must be my father.That girl on the playground can’t be my sister.以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答用must，而否定回答则用needn't或don't have to，意为”不需要、不必”，而不能用mustn't。---Must I hand in the homework now ---No, you needn’t / don’t have to.needneed作情态动词，用于否定句和疑问句中，用need提问时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t--Need I come here tomorrow ---Yes, you must / No, you needn’t (don’t have to).need作行为动词，构成否定句和疑问句时要用助动词do, does, didThe work needs a lot of people.You don't need to go too early.shall/shouldshall用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见Shall I open the window Shall we have lunch at a restaurant should 用来表示义务、责任，意为“应该”The children should listen to their parents.will/wouldwill表示请求、询问或意愿Will you help me with my English would用来表示过去的意愿或委婉的询问Would you like to come to my party 主观客观must强调主观意愿have to强调客观需要We must study hard at school.The sun is setting and I have to go home.had betterhad better do sth.最好做某事You had better come back early.had better not do sth.最好不做某事You had better not take off your coat.沙场大点兵1. These oranges taste_____.　A. to be good B. to be well C. wellD. good2. ---May I take this book out ---No, you___.A. can’t B. may not C. needn’t D. aren’t3. ---Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad ---Thanks, but you___, I am full.A. may not B. must not C. can’t D. needn’t4. The top students in our class can’t work out this problem, so it____be very difficult.A. may B. must C. can D. need5. The flowers in the garden ____ sweet.　A. soundB. taste C. becomeD. smell6. He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill.A. can B. shallC. must D. has to7. ___ I take this one A. May B. WillC. Are D. Do8. The children___ play football on the road.A. can't B. canC. mustn't D. must9. ---Must I do my homework at once ---No, you___.A. needn'tB. mustn'tC. can'tD. may not10. His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.A. has not toB. don't have toC. haven't toD. doesn't have to