中考英语语法一点通课件——Lesson 13 定语从句

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Lesson 13定语从句abeautifulflower一朵漂亮的花the flowersin the park公园里的花……一朵朋友送给我的花主句从句连词This is a bookI bought yesterday.that定语从句在句中起定语作用，相当于形容词，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句。This is a book.I bought yesterday.a bookthatThis is a book that I bought yesterday.This isa bookthatI bought yesterday.先行词关系词关系词的作用连接主句和从句代替先行词在定语从句中充当句子作用成分定语从句所缺句子成分主语宾语状语关系词关系代词(that,who,whom,which,whose)关系副词(when,where,why)定语who指人主语宾语Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.That is the teacher (who) we talked about last week.关系代词作宾语可以省略whom指人宾语Mr Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see.关系代词who也可以作宾语，但是当关系代词前面有介词时，只能用whom不能用who。Mr Liu is the person whom/whoyou talked about on the bus.=Mr Liu is the personaboutwhomyou talked on the bus.which指物主语宾语The factory which makes computers is far away from here. The film (which) they went to see last night wasboring. that指人主语宾语Thosepeople that/who came to visit this cityhave left. Where is the man that/who/whom I saw this morning The season that/which comes after spring is summer. 指物whose指人定语He has a friend whose father is a doctor. I lost the book whose cover was blue.指物whose+n.指时间状语I still remember the day when I first came to this school. The time when we got together finally arrived.when指地点状语Shanghai is the city where I was born. The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.where指原因状语Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.The reason why he was punished is unknown to us. why定语从句的分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句与主句关系密切，是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉主句的意思将受到削减，中间不用逗号隔开。Tom was the only person that was invited to my office.The man who came here yesterday has come again.非限制性定语从句与主句关系不紧密，只是对先行词的补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思依然清楚，中间用逗号同主句隔开。He didn't pass the exam, which surprised us.关系代词的用法区别只用that的情况当先行词是all, somebody, anybody, nobody, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时。That's all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.He is always the first person that comes to school.先行词同时包括人或物时。The man and his dog that I always meetappear again.I will never forget the people and the places that I visited.当主句是以 who 或 which开头的特殊疑问句时。Who is the girl that spoke to you just now 只用who/which的情况关系代词前有介词时。This is the room in which Tom lives.Can you remember the man about whom we talked last week 在非限制性定语从句中。They have divorced, which is unexpected.He is the student, who always talks in class.关系词如何选择辨别先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因。分析代替先行词的关系词在定语从句中充当的句子成分，是主语、宾语、定语还是状语，缺少主语、宾语、定语选用关系代词；不缺少主语、宾语、定语则缺少状语，这时选用关系副词。判断定语从句是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。The reason which he gave is clearly a lie. (which作宾语)The reason why she refused him is not known. (why作状语)The night which he spent with his friends is wonderful. (which作宾语)The night when he stayed in his family made him happy. (when作状语)沙场大点兵1. Where is the man __________________I saw this morning 2. The season__________________comes after spring is summer. 3. I visited a scientist__________name is known all over the country. 4. I still remember the first day___________I came to this school. 5. He is the fattest man _____________I have ever seen. 6. Shanghai is the city___________I was born.7. I once lived in the house __________roof has fallen in.8. The house__________I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 9. The reason_________he was punished is unknown to us. 10. All the people___________are present burst into tears.that/who/whomthat/whichwhosewhenthatwherewhosewherewhythat/who1.The woman is here now. You talked about her a moment ago.The woman who/that you talked about a moment ago is here now.2. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day.This is the hall which/that we listened the report in the other day.3. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car passed us.The car which/that was going 90 miles an hour passed us.4. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week.I enjoyed reading the book which/that you gave me last week.请把下面两个句子连成一个定语从句1.老师不喜欢课堂上说话的学生。Teachers don't like the students who/that talk in class.2.他上周买的电脑是不是很贵啊？Is the computer which/that you bought last week expensive 3.工人们正在建的那个楼房是我们学校。The building which/that the workers are building is our school.4.他买的那辆车花了他100万美元。The car he bought cost him one million dollars.请用定语从句翻译下面句子