中考英语语法一点通课件——Lesson 11 宾语从句

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Lesson 11宾语从句什么是复合句（主从句）“从”即“从属”主句从句连词I thinkhe is a studentthat主句从句连词I thinkhe is a studentthat宾语从句一个句子用来作宾语，这个句子就称之为宾语从句，宾语从句常放在及物动词或者介词后边。宾语从句的引导词that陈述一个事实仅起到连接作用没有意义可以省略He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn't know (that) she is seriously ill.whether/if“是否”下列情况下只能用whether：1、whether...or/or not结构中。2、whether to do sth.3、介词+whetherLily asked if/whether she liked it.I want to know if (whether) he lives there.Can you tell me whether the train has left or not I don't know whether to accept or refuse.I am not interested in whether you like the plan or not.讲述一个不确定的、悬而未决的事情仅起到连接作用宾语从句用that还是whether/if引导，取决于主句中谓语动词的意义，有些动词传达的是一种确定的事实，则用that引导；另外一些动词表示疑问意义，则用whether/if引导。say/think/believe/hope/hear/know/tell/expect/be sure/be afraid+thatwonder/ask/doubt/want to know/don't know/not sure/can you tell me+whether/ifwh-词疑问代词：who,whom,what,which,whose疑问副词：when,where,why,how(在宾语从句中充当某一个句子成分)Do you know who they are waiting for He askedwhat he would do next.Can you tell mehow I can get to thebus stop I don't know whyhe gets angry.宾语从句的语序陈述句语序主语+情态动词/be动词/实义动词疑问句语序情态动词/be动词/助动词+主语典型例题1---Do you know _______now ---In the People's Hotel．A. where is Tom workingB. where did Tom workC. where Tom is workingD. where Tom worked典型例句2I can't understand _________.A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas meansC. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas mean宾语从句的时态若主句为一般现在时或一般将来时，则从句的时态不限可视句子意义使用所需要的任何时态。I know that he smoke a lot in the past.I wonder whether it will rain tomorrow.若主句是一般过去时，从句必须用过去时态中的某一种（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时）。I knew she had swept the floor already.He asked if I was doing my homework this time yesterday.若从句叙述的是客观真理、自然现象或永恒不变的规律时，则不受主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在时。Our teacher told us light travels much faster than sound.They knew the sun is much bigger than the earth then.宾语从句中的否定转移I don't think the book is worth buying．我认为这本书不值得买。He doesn't believe they have finished their work．我相信他们并未完成他们的工作。We don't expect they will have everything done．我们希望他们没有把事全做完。我认为鸡不会游泳。 误：I think chickens can not swim.正：I don’t think chickens can swim.宾语从句中的简化I've no ideawhat we're going to do next.= I've no ideawhat to do next.Could you tell mehow I can get to the post office = Could you tell mehow to get to the post office I thinkit is difficult to solve the problem.=I thinkit difficult to solve the problem.宾语从句在一定条件下，可以简化为“特殊疑问词+不定式”或“it +形容词+不定式短语”。沙场大点兵1. Call you tell me why _______ yesterday A. you didn't come B. did you not comeC. didn't you come D. you don't come2. He said that they _______ Yunnan.A. have been to B. had gone to C. have gone to D. has gone to3. Can you tell me _______ yesterday A. what they do B. what they didC. what do they do D. what did they do4. Do you know what _______ this time yesterday A. they are doing B. are they doing　C. they were doing D. were they doing5. He wanted to know how long _______ in hospital.A. she is staying B. she had stayed C. did she stay D. she stay6. He told me that he _______ to London the next day.A. would go B. go C. went D. has gone7. He said that light _______ much faster than sound.A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is traveling8. Can you tell me _______ the meeting will begin A. what B.that C. when D. where9. I don't know if he_______tomorrow. If he_______tomorrow, please tell me.A.will come; arrives B.comes; arrives C.comes; will arrive D.will come; will arrive10. The children said _____they ______themselves very much.A. if; enjoy B. why; enjoyed C. where; enjoy D. that; enjoyed