高考英语语法一点通课件——Lesson 12 倒装结构

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倒装结构主语谓语谓语主语主语谓语动词be动词/助动词/情态动词正常语序倒装语序由于句子结构的需要或为了表示强调，把全部谓语或者部分谓语置于主语前面的结构形式，称之为倒装句。谓语主语全部倒装主语谓语动词be动词助动词情态动词部分倒装倒装的意义适应一定语法结构的需要，主要构成疑问句。May I come in Was the People's Liberation Army founded in 1927 为了强调某一部分，而把这部分放到句首，构成倒装。Never have I been late for school this term.So early did he come to school that no other students came.全部倒装地点副词或时间副词如here、there、now、then等或者表示地点的介词短语，置于句首时，谓语动词为不及物动词go、come,run,stand,lie等时，用完全倒装结构。Here comes the bus.There goes the bell.Away went the runners.There stood a desk against the wall.Among these people was his friend Jim.By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.当主语是代词时，不用倒装结构。Here you are.There she goes.表语置于句首，倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。Present at the meeting are leaders, teachers and students.Gone are the days when he lived poorly.On the table are books, pens and living things.The last to leave the office was the worker.部分倒装否定副词或否定副词词组作状语，位于句首时要倒装，不居句首时，则用正常语序。如：never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,barely,little,not,nowhere,not a bit,not often,not until,no sooner,on no account,at no time,by no means,not on any account,on no consideration,in no circumstances,in no way,in no case,hardly/scarcely/…when,no sooner…than…,not only…but also…等。Never does he fail in the exam.On no account will he give up.Not until the result of exam came out did she feel relaxed.Hardly had he arrived when it began to rain.（倒装）He hardly had arrived when it began to rain.（正常语序）“only +状语”位于句首表示强调时用倒装，如果不放在句首或虽在句首但不修饰状语时用正常语序。Only by bus can we get there.Only in this way can you solve it.Only then did I realize my fault.Only when he failed did he know he hadn't studied hard.We knew he hadn't studied hard only when he failed.Only you can help her.在”so…that…”和”such…that…”引导的结果状语从句中，当so和such位于句首时，用倒装结构。She was such a good girl that she was popular with us.Such a good girl was she that she was popular with us.The force of explosion was such that the window was broken.Such was the force of explosion that the window was broken.He was so clever a boy that his parents were proud of him.So clever a boy was he that his parents were proud of him.He runs so fast that others can't catch up with him.So fast does he run that others can't catch up with him.as/though引导的让步状语从句常用倒装结构，其结构一般为“形容词（副词、动词、名词、分词、介词短语）+ as/though +主语+谓语”。Girl as she is, she is brave.Strange though it appears, it is true in fact.Lookup and downas Idid, I saw nothing.表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用“so/neither/ nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”这样的倒装句式。so用于肯定句中, neither/nor用于否定句。He can sing English songs, and so can I.He didn't see the film, and neither did I.She likes music, and so do I.She hasn't read it, and nor have I.“so+主语+谓语”结构表示同意对方所说的话。"It was cold yesterday." "So it was.""Father, you promised." "Well, so I did."虚拟条件从句中的谓语部分含有were、had或should时，可把它们放到句首，省去连词if，形成倒装句。Were I in your position, I would do the same.Had I followed your advice, I would have succeeded.Should you go, I would accompany you.1. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.　A. didn't I realize B. did I realize C. I didn't realize D. I realized2.____ today,he would get there by Sunday.A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leave3. ____, I will not buy it.A. Much as do I like it　 B. As much I like it　C. Much as I like it　 D. As I like it much4. --- You have an English class every day except Sunday.　---_____.A. So we have B. So we do C. So have we D. So do we5. _____ and caught the mouse.A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumpedC. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat