高考英语语法一点通课件——Lesson 15 省略句

(共29张PPT)
省略句为什么要省略避免重复，让语言更加简洁非代替式省略主语的省略Sit down, please.Give me the pen, will you (It/That) sounds great.(I) beg your pardon.表语的省略—Is your father a worker —Yes, he is (a worker).—Are you well today —Yes, I am (well).“主语+谓语”的省略Although (he is) a boy six yearsold, he knows a lot.If (you are) interested in a subject, you will learn it well.“主语+动词+宾语”的省略—For whom you bought the birthday present —For my mother (I bought the birthday present).名词短语中中心词的省略A bird in hand is worth two (birds) in bush.He is the first (student) to come into class and the last (student) to leave.所有格后名词的省略He stayed at his grandpa's (house) for a week.She bought the coat at Mary's (shop).两个名词并列时，第二个名词前的冠词可省略。Both the rich and (the) poor should enjoy the same right.Is ita pen or (a) pencil 并列结构中，相同句子成分的省略I like noodles but my husband hates (noodles).My mother goes to work by bus and my father (goes to work) by car.I like English more than (I like) math.Hismotherloves him more than his father (loves him).You can go there by bus or (by) train.关系代词的省略He is the man (that/who/whom) I met yesterday.The pen (that) I picked up on the road had gone.关系副词的省略By the time (when) he was six, he had set his life-long aim.I still remember the first day (when) I went to school.Every time (when) I see the picture, I will recall my childhood.用在某些表示时间名词后，关系副词可省略，如：the time,every time,each time,the moment等。当先行词为way时，关系副词常常省略。I appreciate the way (that/in which) you teach us.He plays basketball the way (that/in which) his father does.代替式省略do用来代替动词或动词加其它成分。Tom runs faster than John does (=runs).Did you water the flowers today Yes, I did (=watered the flowers).He didn’t pass the driving test, but I wish he had done (=passed the driving test).to在省略结构中代替不定式，常同want,try,expect,hope,like,refuse,forget,remember,wish,mean,intend等连用。Maybe I have hurt him, but I don't mean to (hurt him).I asked him to lock the door, but he forgot to (lock the door).He is a doctor but he doesn't wantto be(a doctor).—Has he already found a job —Yes, he is likelyto have(already found a job).so可以代替单词、词组或句子，作call,expect,think,believe,suppose,guess,hope,do,fear,imagine,hear,say,tell,be afraid等宾语，not用以代替否定的句子，用法与so相似。He is my best friend and I do hope he can remain so (my best friend).The hero sacrificed his own life to save a girl and so I've heard. (The hero sacrificed his own life to save a girl.)He says she is a good mother but I think not(I don't think so).do so,do that和do it代替“动词+宾语”或“动词+状语”。He said he would read English books, but he didn’t do so (=read English books).His mother told him to get up early, but he didn’t do so (=get up early).He wants to make a visit and I also want to do it.She tries to find a good job and finally she does that.one和ones代替可数名词This coat is a little big. Can you give me a bigger one Please give me another one.介词的省略动名词前in的省略It is no use/good (in) doing sth.There is no use/point/hurry/good (in) doing sth.be busy (in) doing sth.spend/lose/waste time/money/energy (in) doing sth.have difficulty/trouble/hard time (in) doing sth.当表语为size、age、color、height、weight、length、volume、width、shape等时，其前的of可以省略。The two pairs of shoes are (of) the same size.These boxes are (of) the same weight.状语从句中的省略主从句主语一致状语从句中谓语动词含有be动词将状语从句的主语连同be动词一起省略。但是由after、before、because等引导的状语从句一般要改成介词短语的形式，用动名词being代替省去的be（因为after、before本身就可作为介词，而because的介词短语为because of）。Because he was ill, he didn't go to school.Because of being ill, he didn't go to school.Before he was admitted, he entered.Before being admitted, he entered.After he was caught by the police, the thief admitted.After being caught by the police, the thief admitted.When(she was)cooking, she thought of her mother.If(the man was)more interested in his job, he would be promoted to a higherpositionin the company.While(you are)on the top of the mountain, you can have a wonderful view of the whole city.Although(he was)beaten by his father, he didn't cry.He is fatter than(he is)ever.When(they are)ripe, apples turn red and yellow.主从句主语一致状语从句谓语动词是纯do的形式（即do、does、did、have done、has done、had done这几种形式，do不可和其它助动词或情态动词连用）时，可以将状语从句的主语省略，将相应的谓语变为非谓语，即doing或having done两种形式（因为状语从句的主语在谓语中没有be动词的情况下，只可能是主动关系，不可能是被动关系），而且引导状语从句的连词一般都可省。状语从句中谓语动词不含有be动词When he walked in the park, he met his old friend.When walking in the park, he met his old friend.Walking in the park, he met his old friend.Although he had succeeded a lot, the man remained modest.Although having succeeded a lot, the man remained modest.Having succeeded a lot, the man remained modest.主从句主语不一致当主从复合句的主语不一致时，当省略掉连词以后，要保留各自的主语不可省略。把从句的谓语动词变为非谓语动词形式。Because he was late for school, his teacher punished him.He being late for school, his teacher punished him.When the boy does a lot of housework, his mother is very happy.The boy doing a lot of housework, his mother is very happy.After the plan has been made, they are busy with the project.The plan having beenmade, they are busy with the project.状语从句中it is的省略当it is在状语从句中出现的时候，it is常可以省略。You can call me when (it is) necessary.If (it is) possible, I will go abroad.Don’t do it unless (it is) needed.独立主格结构中的省略独立主格中的being和having been常可省略。The football game (being) over, many people poured into the road.The last table (having been) booked, he changes his mind.当独立主格中being done表示“正在被做”时，being不可省略。Food being cooked, I fell asleep.当独立主格结构的逻辑主语是it、there时，being不可省略。It being cloudy, we can’t go hiking.There being no buses, he has to walk home.1.The boy wanted to ride his bike in the street, but his mother told him _____.A. not toB. not to doC. not do it D. do not to2. _____, I will help you with your work.A.If am possible B.If it possible C.If possible D. Possible3. —How are you getting on with your work —Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as_____.A. plans B. planning C. planned D. to plan4. —Are you a volunteer now —No, but I _____. I worked for the City Sports Meeting last year.A.used to B.used to be C.used to do D.was used to5. ___ the road, you don’t forget to look both ways.A. As cross B. While crossedC. While crossing D. Cross