题型三 还原句子型阅读【2022中考英语三轮复习 题型复习】课件(共54张PPT)

(共54张PPT)
人教版2022中考英语三轮复习
中考题型复习
题型三 还原句子型阅读
命题趋势
解题技巧
典例精讲
跟踪训练
分析近几年中考真题可知，还原句子型阅读主要为6选5型，文体涉及议论文和记叙文，话题包含观点看法、咨询建议等。短文需要还原的句子大致有三种类型：1. 上下文过渡句；2. 对上文单词（短语）可能引起歧义的句子作进一步解释说明；3. 对全文或某一段主旨大意等的概括句。预计2022年还原句子型阅读的考查依然会延续之前的命题特点。
在解答还原句子型阅读理解题时，可以参考以下方法：
一、通读全文，掌握文章大意。考生应先通读全文，尤其是首尾两段，了解文章的主旨大意。
二、分析备选项。通读全文之后，考生应分析各备选项，在理解备选项句意的基础上分析句子中的关键信息。
三、结合语境，填写句子。分析完各备选项之后，考生可根据文章中的关键提示信息选择正确答案。需要注意以下两种常见文体:
如果是记叙文，则通常以事件的发展过程为顺序，根据时间的发展以及上下文之间的逻辑关系确定空格处所缺的句子；如果是说明文，则要根据说明介绍的顺序以及段落中各句之间的逻辑关系确定答案。各句之间的逻辑关系可分为：并列关系、转折关系、因果关系、层递关系、总分关系等。
People think different colors have different meanings．They think some colors can bring them good luck．In Chinese culture， there are some lucky colors． 1.__
Red—Happiness， Success and Good Fortune（命运）
Red represents（代表） fire and is the most popular color in China． 2.__
Red is popular with Chinese people and it is widely used during festivals and important events．
Red things are common in our everyday life．We can see red lanterns，red paper cuttings and so on．3.__Red envelopes（信封） are filled with money and given as gifts during Chinese New Year．
Yellow—Royalty and Power of the Throne
In Chinese culture， yellow stands for royalty and is usually used for the emperor．
The first Emperor of China was known as Yellow Emperor． 4.__
Green—Money and Wealth
Green is a color which has many meanings such as wealth，hope and growth．Green also stands for pure and clean．
5.__ Packaging for some produce is often in green in order to show that the food is not polluted．
A.Colors can influence people’s feelings．
B.Here are the top three of them．
C.People wear red clothes during weddings， festivals and other ceremonies．
D.Banks and restaurants are often painted in green．
E.China was often regarded as “Yellow Earth”， and its mother river is Yellow River．
F.It stands for happiness， beauty， good luck，success and good fortune．
1.首先通读短文，掌握短文大意。考生应着眼于全文，理解其内容、结构和逻辑关系。
2.阅读短文后面所给的选项，做到心中有数,为下一步的解题做好准备。
3.细读全文，推敲所给的信息。读完备选句子后，考生应根据短文内容，对空白处前后的句子，反复细读，找出关键词语，再根据文章结构、逻辑关系做出正确的选择。
4.复读全文，融会贯通。在填入答案之后，把短文从头至尾再读一遍，从语意、语境的角度核查所填句子是否正确，全文意思是否通顺，结构是否合理。
备考跟踪训练
1.（2021,山西）Passage 1
Recently, teenagers face many kinds of problems.Like many of them, I was once troubled with worries and dissatisfaction.Few people could understand my feelings.
1._____
“The problem with your generation is that you always expect to be happy,” my mother once said.
2.____ Shouldn’t we try hard to achieve it？
A
C
But now I have noticed a change in my thinking.I gradually realize what my mother said was correct.Over these years, many studies have shown that we are crazy about happiness and high personal confidence
3._____ In fact, we may often be happier when we stop focusing on happiness.
We should also reset our expectations of the future.Don’t expect miracles（奇迹）, and accept that no matter how hard we try, feelings of failure and unhappiness will appear from time to time.When we feel sad, it’s often because we have learned something painful but important.
4.____ At the same time, we should learn how to deal with them better than trying to make them disappear.
D
F
5.____ As my mother tried to teach me all those years ago, “Prepare for the worst, hope for the best, and be unsurprised by everything in between.”
A.Neither could my parents.
B.We should keep the stress off ourselves.
C.Surely happiness was the purpose of living.
D.That may make us less satisfied with our lives.
E.Happiness arrives when we are least expecting it.
F.So it’s necessary for us to accept sad feelings as part of life.
E
2.Passage 2
The COVID-19 epidemic is still spreading rapidly throughout the world. Luckily, it is under control in China with the efforts of our government and all the people. However, we should still be careful in our daily life. There’re some rules for us to follow.
Get vaccinated （打疫苗）
Since there’s still no special medicine to cure（治愈） COVID-19,
1.____ The government is providing available vaccine for everyone in our country. If you’re over 18 years old and in good health, you can get vaccinated near your community. 2.____
E
C
Wear masks
People have been used to wearing masks since the epidemic broke out. It is summer now, maybe wearing masks in hot weather makes you feel uncomfortable. However,3.____
So whenever you go out, don’t forget to put on your mask. You may look cooler with a mask on!
Wash your hands
4. _____ Especially when you get home from school or work, or return from any other public places, the first thing you should do is to turn on the tap（水龙头）, pick up the soap and wash your hands completely.
F
A
Keep safe social distance
You’d better not go to crowded places. The summer vacation is beginning. If you have to go to the stores, movies, parties, supermarkets, etc, besides wearing masks, remember to keep social distance.5._____
Anyway, take good care of yourself and live a safe and happy life!
D
A.Wash your hands as often as possible.
B.we don’t need to do anything about it.
C.What’s more, it is free!
D.Avoid getting too close to other people.
E.the vaccine is the most important way to prevent it.
F.it is still a good way to stop the virus（病毒） from spreading among people.
3.Passage 3
A mind map is basically a tool that connects information around a central subject. It can help you make a knowledge bank to solve problems. A student recently said, “I thought mind mapping would take a lot of time to do but in fact it saves me time. 1._____”
How to make a mind map Now follow these steps for making wonderful mind maps.
2._____ Why Because starting in the center lets your brain spread out in all directions and express itself more freely and naturally.
D
A
Use a picture for your central idea. Why Because a picture is worth a thousand words and helps you use your imagination. 3.____ It helps get your attention and makes you work excitedly!
Connect your main branches （分支） to the central picture and connect your second-and-third-level branches to the first and second levels, etc. Why Because your brain works by connection. 4.____ If you connect the branches, you will understand and remember a lot more easily.
Use one key word every line. Why Because every single key word can make you learn more clearly and easily.
F
C
5.____ Why Because each picture, just like the central picture, is also worth a thousand words. So, if you have 10 pictures in your mind map, they are already worth 10,000 words of notes.
Try to use more colors. Why Because colors are as exciting to your brain as pictures. Color adds great energy to your creative thinking, and is fun!
A.Start in the center of a page.
B.Use pictures as many as possible.
C.A central picture is more interesting.
D.I don’t have to read my notes over and over again.
E.Making a mind map is not as easy as you can think.
F.It likes to connect two, or three, or four things together.
B
4.Passage 4
The Dragon Head-raising Festival
China is a country with a long and rich history. 1.____ The Double Second Festival （the Dragon Head-raising Festival or Longtaitou Festival） is one of them. This special day is on the second day of the second month of the Chinese lunar calendar. It stands for the start of spring and farming. It falls on March 14th this year.
The dragon plays an important role in Chinese culture. Dragon culture is one of the most popular cultures in China.2._____ People celebrated the Dragon Head-raising Festival with many customs about the dragon in ancient times.
C
D
On the special day, people put ashes in the kitchen. 3.____ People believed that if the dragon went into their houses, they could have a good luck all year round and have a good harvest in autumn. On the special day, people ate special food. 4._____ For example, people ate noodle called “dragon whiskers noodle” and dumplings called “dragon ears”. On the special day, people sent gifts to each other, picked vegetables, welcomed wealth and went on a spring outing.
5.____ Today people rush to have their hair cut, especially have their children’s hair cut on the Dragon Head-raising Festival. They want to make themselves have new looks and have a good year.
A
F
E
A.The food was usually named after the dragon.
B.Why is it called “dragon lifting its head”
C.It has many colorful holidays and festivals.
D.Chinese people call themselves the “descendants（传人）of the dragon”.
E.They thought the dragon could be led into their houses with the help of the ashes.
F.Even though many of the customs have faded away, the tradition of cutting hair is reaching new heights.
5.Passage 5
Lots of students are too busy doing their homework to help out with housework.So, many parents want to know if they should give their children chores.Well, there’s no need to worry. 1.____
First, doing chores helps children learn to be independent.Parents can’t stay by their children’s side all the time. 2._____ And these skills will help them be ready for the day when they go to college or take care of their own houses.
3.____ When children finish a chore, they will not only take pride in a job well done but also have confidence in their ability to do things well.
B
G
F
Third, doing chores makes it possible for children to develop good relationships with their family, friends and partners.Doing chores together with family can make children more caring for their family.And they begin to learn their responsibility in a family or a group. 4._____ They will know that if they work together as a team, things will be completed quicker and better.
5._____ Yes! And it should be on the top of the list.Now, my friends, are you ready to help？
D
A
A.Should children do chores？
B.Chores are good for children.
C.What chores should children do？
D.That helps them build team spirit.
E.Children can not do chores without their parents’ help.
F.Second, doing chores helps children build self-confidence.
G.Children need to learn the necessary life skills to be independent.
6.Passage 6
Is there a connection between music and language According to recent studies, the answer is yes: 1. ____ Here, we look at two examples.
A recent study by researcher Kraus shows that playing a musical instrument can improve a person’s hearing ability. 2. ____ The people in the first group were musicians, while those in the second group had no musical training. The musicians were able to hear the talking person more clearly.
C
F
3. _____ Think about violinists in an orchestra（管弦乐团）. When the violinists play with the group, they hear their own instrument and many others, too. But the violinists must listen closely to what they are playing, and pay no attention to the other sounds. In this way, musicians are able to focus on certain sounds, even in a room with lots of noise.
D
Schlaug, a doctor at Harvard Medical School, works with stroke（中风） patients. Because of their illness, these people cannot say their names, addresses, or other information normally. However, they can still sing. 4.____Why does this work Schlaug isn’t sure. Music seems to make different parts of the brain work, including the damaged（损坏的） parts. This might help patients to use that part of the brain again.
Music improves concentration(注意力), memory, listening skills, and our overall language abilities. 5. _____ Playing an instrument or singing can help us do better in school and keep our brain sharp (敏锐的) as we get older. Music is not only enjoyable, it’s also good for us in many other ways.
A
E
A.It can even help sick people get better.
B.Music helps people solve some hearing problems.
C.Music improves certain language abilities in the brain.
D.Musicians hear better because they learn to pay attention to certain sounds.
E.Schlaug was surprised to find that singing words helped his patients to speak.
F.In his study two groups of people listened to a person talking in a noisy room.
7.Passage 7
If a friend gives us a hand when we are in need, it’s a good idea to write him a thank-you note.1. ____
“People don’t seem to walk around giving thanks to people quite often,”Amit Kumar from University of Texas said.2. ____ And how do people feel when they receive one
Kumar and his team asked some students to write a thank-you note to another person by email. Then, they asked both the writer and the receiver how sending or receiving these notes made them feel.
F
C
They found that the students didn’t like to write the notes because they felt like they had to think too much about them.3. _____
The receiver, however, enjoyed the notes. “When you are a receiver, you focus on the warmth of the note.”Kumar says. “How heartfelt was it How friendly and warm ”
The writers also thought the receiver might be shy for receiving a thank-you note.4. ____ “The receiver feels quite happy.”Kumar says. “They don’t really feel shy at all.”
Writing a thank-you note does have such a big influence on others.5. _____ Simple and small changes in our everyday lives can make a big difference to the way we treat other people and how we feel.
E
A
D
A.If people knew this, they would do it more often.
B.Thank-you notes can show our great love.
C.Why are people shy about sending thank-you notes
D.They worried about what to say and how to say it.
E.But this was not true.
F.However, how many of us actually sit down to do this
8.Passage 8
Do you know which social app Chinese young people use a lot now？ 1.____ Some users use Tik Tok (抖音) and Kuaishou. They think it is fun to share short videos about their lives, while others have other purposes as well.
A l2-year-old user named Elsa has about 2.7 million fans on Tik Tok. The girl has shared videos about her dancing studies since last July. 2._____ “I feel really glad to share happiness with people by short videos,” said Elsa.
B
D
As some videos are about the latest news, a group of users depend on them to get information. To some other users, they have a different purpose. “Because I can’t spend many hours watching a whole video and I’m not a very patient person, 3._____ I prefer to watch short videos of wonderful parts in programs,” said Wang Zhihao.
4.____ “Killing time is the main reason for me to watch the short videos, but many are almost the same, so I think it is a waste of time. What’s more, I really don’t like the videos which show strange even dangerous things,” said Wen Nan, another college student.
F
A
Recently, something else has happened. Some videos are telling people what products are worth buying. 5.____ So they should think twice. Some short videos even sell bad products, but these sellers won’t let you get your money back.
A.I don’t like waiting for a program to end.
B.“Short videos” are certainly the most popular.
C.But after they buy the products, they may regret soon.
D.One of the videos won her about one million fans.
E.I can make money with short videos.
F.However, some young Chinese feel bored with some short videos.
C
9.Passage 9
Nirmal Purja has set several world records after climbing the world’s 14 highest mountains in less than seven months.
1._____ Though he was born 1,600 meters above sea level, he didn’t climb any serious mountains until he was 29.
But Mr. Purja, now 36, was trained to be strong. He used to be a soldier in the British army, where he had special training for fighting in very cold weather.2.____
A
F
There are only 14 mountains in the world that are higher than 8,000 meters. Mr.Purja had already climbed several of them. 3._____ The old record for climbing the 14 mountains was seven years, ten months and six days. It was set by South Korean climber Kim Chang-ho in 2013.
Mr.Purja named his challenge“Project Possible”. 4.____ On October 29, just a little more than six months after he started, Nirmal Purja had finished climbing the 14th mountain.
Though Mr. Purja completed his challenge unbelievably quickly, it wasn’t easy.For example, during one day of climbing Shishapangma, Mr. Purja and his team climbed for 15 hours nonstop. 5.____
C
E
D
Mr.Purja believes his strong physical condition and his training as a soldier helped him.
He hopes his efforts will inspire others.“People are only limited（限制） by their imagination,” he says.“If you don’t dream, then you won’t do it.”
A.Mr. Purja was born in Nepal, in the Himalayas.
B.He had completed five more climbs in Pakistan.
C.He began on April 23, by climbing Annapurna in Nepal.
D.His goal was to climb all of them in less than seven months.
E.They had to deal with winds as fast as 75 kilometers per hour.
F.In 2018, he left there to follow his dream of mountain climbing.
10.Passage 10
Storytelling has caught the human imagination for thousands of years.People everywhere have told stories to amuse, to teach, to remember, and just to pass the time.People started telling stories long before writing was invented.
1.____ But people all over the world still tell one another stories out loud.A person who can tell a good story nearly always finds listeners.
E
Before people developed writing, storytelling was the most important way to pass along information.Anything a culture wanted to protect—its beliefs, its history, and its traditions—had to be told out loud.Each generation would tell the culture’s stories to the next.2._____ Knowledge passed on in this method is called the spoken tradition. Even cultures that know how to write still pass along some information in this way.
A
3.____ In other cultures only special storytellers were trusted to do this important job.A culture’s best storytellers had good memories.They could also make the stories very interesting, so people would listen and remember them. Sometimes people would sing the stories or tell them in the form of poems. 4.____
However, stories told aloud change over time as different people tell them.A storyteller might change a story in order to make it better.Or a teller may simply not remember all the details of a story.Unlike written stories, the spoken tradition is not created by any one person.
5._____ Sometimes the stories are collected and written down long after they have been created.
D
B
C
A.In this way the stories were passed along.
B.In some cultures everyone would pass along the stories.
C.Songs and poems can both make stories easier to remember.
D.Instead, a whole culture helps shape the changing stories throughout history.
E.Today stories are also written down in books and acted out in movies, TV shows, and plays.
11.Passage 11
Here are some good suggestions for you to learn English well.
1.____ Even if there is no one around to speak to, talk to yourself. Name things as you pass them. This simple language learning skill will help you understand these everyday words.
Talk to your friends you know in English. 2._____ They may understand you even if they don’t speak it.Simple expressions like“Good morning!” in English will make those sentences more natural to you.Your friends may even start to learn a few sentences as well.
E
A
3._____ You’ll hear the language used in a real situation and this will help you judge（判断）the pronunciation even better. You will also come to further understand and better enjoy the culture behind the language.
The easiest language learning skill is to try! Don’t be afraid to make mistakes when you speak and write English. In fact, you will learn as much from your mistakes as you will learn from your success. 4.____
It’s a good way to find an English club. It’s helpful to speak with other people who are still going through the course of learning English. 5.____
F
B
D
A.Explain to them you are practicing it.
B.They will give you lots of learning skills.
C.You can speak Chinese with your friends.
D.Listen to English songs when you are free.
E.The best way to get better at English is to speak it.
F.Never let the fear of making any mistakes hold you back.
12.Passage 12
Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. 1._____ You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules： be honest, be generous（慷慨的）, be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another.If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. 2.____
A
F
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course. Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, your hobbies and interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. 3.____ They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. 4._____ So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.
E
D
5.____ But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding.
A.To have a friend, you must learn to be one.
B.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C.No two friendships are ever exactly alike.
D.Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem.
E.These can be valuable to a friend.
F.Good friends always trust one another to speak and act honestly.
C
13.Passage 13
A Better Way to Start Your Day
Whether you love mornings or not, they’re a fact of life.If you hate them, here are some ways to make them less awful.If you’re a morning person, these tips can make mornings even better!
1._____ Be sure to get an adequate （足够的） amount of sleep.Most people need seven or eight hours of sleep to feel their best during the day.If you must get up at 5 a.m. or 6 a.m., go to bed early to get your eight hours.Turn off the TV, computer or smart phone and hit the hay.When you get enough sleep, you won’t feel sleepy.You can get out of bed on time.That will make your day better, too.
Turn on some music in the morning.Play any tunes you like.It doesn’t matter.2.____ You’ll feel much happier as you start the day.
E
D
3._____ As your mother said, breakfast is the most important meal of the day.Your body is out of fuel （燃料） by morning.You need some to help you control your blood-sugar.That affects your mood （情绪） and energy for the day.
Don’t watch TV or read a newspaper first in the morning.Your brain is fresh and ready to work on new things.Don’t fill it up with negative （消极的） information about the world and its problems.Instead, read something inspiring（鼓舞人的） or uplifting.4._____
G
A
Avoid answering QQ or WeChat first thing.Use that precious （宝贵的） morning time to get some exercise, eat breakfast and enjoy life.Check QQ or WeChat last before you leave your house.Then you’ll only have time to check the most important messages.5.____
Every day is a new day—enjoy it!
C
A.A good breakfast can make your day.
B.Do something interesting or go to sleep.
C.Your day will start better if you take time for the important things.
D.A good morning starts the night before.
E.Just turn on something that makes you feel good.
F.Listen to soft music and drink a cup of tea.
G.This will give you positive thoughts to start your day.
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