2022届高考英语阅读理解实用拿分技巧学案（无答案）

阅读理解36分+技巧
一．阅读理解特点：
答案均匀分布：（适用于不会做的题采用这种方式来猜）
宏观层面大于等于3个ABCD——3：4：4：4
微观层面，21~25 /26~30/ 31~35题，每5个题中至少会出现3个或4个不同选项。
阅读理解的答案来源通常符合“题文同序”的原则。
二．大方向的建议做题步骤：
先题后文；
做一题看下一题；
先做容易的再做难的；一般可先做ABC篇+七选五，最后做D篇，视具体情况而定。
三 . 具体解题步骤：
1.速读题干，划关键词（极端最高级或修饰限定性的表达及人名，地名，大写字母，数字，介词短语，形容词及动宾结构等）
2.返回文中，精确定位（找与题干关键词原词重现的句子，或与其意思高度重合的词或相近的词出现的句子，将这个句子的始末标注出来，注意看其下一句的对象有没有发生转变，如果对象不变，依然可以作为定位句，且往往这个句子就是答案的来源，反之，直接忽略）。注意几点：
a.转折原则的前提条件：转折位于精确定位句内；转折前后主语一致。
b.只能定位到段落的情况，答案往往在首句转折，极端最高级以及强调处。（90%+）
c.文中见了only往往出题，选项见了往往排除。
d.如果某选项不在精确定位处，不需要验证其正误，直接排除。
3.同义替换，得出答案（同义替换包括：同义词/近义词/词性转换/正话反说/反话正说/原词重现/最佳选项等，这些均为正确答案）；
当选项词数在5个以内，先快速读完选项再回到原文定位，可以快速准确排除部分选项。
核心名词或动词或形容词的原词重现/同根词转换通常为答案,形容词>名词>动词，如果同时出现与精确定位句内2个或以上的原词重现，大胆选，通常为正确答案。当选项词数在5个以上时，答案通常同义替换，换句话说；有2个核心动名词重复也大胆选。
错误选项的特点：绝对选项常排除——张冠李戴/无中生有/以偏概全/过于绝对/不忠于原文/极端表态等等。
板块细化：
1.主旨题方法：标志词：best/suitable title, mainly about等等
答案来自于第一段+最后一段及自问自答处；
优先借助其他题目信息辅助解题；
2.推理判断题方法：标志词：imply, purpose, attitude, means, infer, suggest, learn, conclude等；
（1） 适当推理即可，不要过度推理，最佳答案通常是原文信息的同意转述或换句话说；
有时候要挖掘隐藏的重要线索，尤其是代词的指代或逻辑关系；
干扰选项往往是过度推理或无中生有。
3.词义猜测题方法：标志有引号“”
熟悉的表达—答案往往为非字面含义（如nice 微小的）；
陌生的表达（句子除外）——代入法，构词法（辅助），瞻前顾后，以定位句为单位，找关系找对应，选项是动词就在定位句找动词，意境一致为正确答案。
4.细节理解题方法：
如果某题不能按照以上3种类型划分，则为细节理解题——其原则：细节服从主旨
死抠题干；精确定位；同义替换。
阅读的安全感不是来自于读得多，而是来自于读得准；不要自以为是，要想做对题，得看作者这家伙。
一般情况题文同序，但主旨题和态度题不一定符合这原则。
特殊符号重点看：如单条破折号——，两条破折号之间的内容——......——；小括号里的内容；汉语意思；冒号之后等等。
特殊词之后往往是答案：从句引导词之后如，which/who/that/because/if/while......、but, however, instead (of)之前, because (of), also, eventually, finally, all in all, In a word等等。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Welcome to Holker Hall & Garden
Visitor Information
How to Get to Holker
By car: Follow brown signs on A590 from. J36, M6. Approximate travel times: Windermere—20 minutes, Kendal—25 minutes, Lancaster—45 minutes, Manchester—l hour 30minutes
By rail: the nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth. Lancaster and Preston for connections to major cities & airports.
Opening times
Sunday-Friday(closed on Saturday) 11:00 am-4;00pm, 30 March-2nd November.
Admission Charges
Hall & Gardens Gardens
Adults: 12.00 8.00
Gropes: 9.00
Special Events
Producers Market 13th April
Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.
Holker Garden Festival 30th May
The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in the gardening.
National Garden Day 28th August
Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.
Winter Market 8th November
This is an event for all the family! Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.
21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester
A.20 minutes. B. 25 minutes. C.45 minutes. D. 90 minutes.
22. How much should a member of a tour group pay a visit to Hall & Gardens
A. 12.00. B. 9.00. C. 8.00 D. 5.50
23. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show
A. Producers Market. B. Holker Garden Festival
C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market
B
Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port on river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896 Dawson Canada was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897 and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000.
Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warning. An avalanche (雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.
But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never comfortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come. Today, people still come and go to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City - its present population is 762.
24. What attracted the early settlers to New York City
A. Its business culture. B. Its small population.
C. Its geographical position. D. Its favourable climate.
25. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson
A. Two thirds of them stayed there. B. One out of five people got rich.
C. Almost everyone gave up. D. Half of them died.
26. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson
A. They found the city too crowded. B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere.
C. They were unable to stand the winter. D. They were short of food.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. The rise and fall of a city. B. The gold rush in Canada.
C. Journeys into the wilderness. D. Tourism in Dawson.
C
While famous foreign, architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.
Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu a 49-year-old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize -which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture- -on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.
Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Department at the China Academy of Art(CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus （校园）of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.
The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves （曲线）of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.
Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements.
Wang’s works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the1995 Pritzker Prize.
Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “That is only evidence that traditions once existed, “ he said.
“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created, “he said.
“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are," said Wang.
The study of traditions should be combined, with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.
28. Wang's winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are
A. following the latest world trend B. getting international recognition
C. working harder than ever before D. relying on foreign architects
29. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most
A. Its hilly environment. B. Its large size
C. Its unique style. D. Its diverse functions.
30. What made Wang's architectural design a success？
A. The mixture of different shapes. B. The balance of East and West
C. The use of popular techniques D. The harmony of old and new.
31. What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang
A. Spread them to the world. B. Preserve them at museums.
C. Teach them in universities. D. Recreate them in practice.
D
Adults understand what if feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.
I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few large objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund (基金) (our kindergarten is serious about becoming a doctor).
For weeks, I’ve been thinking of bigger, deeper questions. How do we make it a habit for them And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need and use less Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes max. I chose a red rubber ball-simple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.
We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.
32. What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. The more, the better. B. Enough is enough.
C. More money, more worries. D. Earn more and spend more.
33. What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects
A. Saving up for her holiday. B. Raising money for a poor girl.
C. Adding the money to her fund. D. Giving the money to a sick mother.
34. Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd
A. To try out an idea. B. To show a parent’s love.
C. To train his attention. D. To help him start a hobby,.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Take it or Leave it. B. A Lesson from Kids.
C. Live More with Less. D. The Pleasure of Giving.