【高中英语】阅读专项训练四（解析版）
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【题干】 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The United States is full of cars．They are 41 necessary part of life．
Cars 42 (use) for business．They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way 43 (get) to their jobs． 44 salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products． Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies．
Sometimes small children must 45 (drive) to school． In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile away from the schooI． When the children are too young 46 (walk) too far,their mothers take tums driving them to school． One mother drives on Mondays taking her own children and the 47 ( neighbour) as well．Another mother drives on Tuesdays,another on Wednesdays,and so on．This is called forming a car pool (拼车)． Men also form car pools,with three or four men 48 (take) turns driving to the place 49 they all work．
More car pools should be formed in order to put 50 (few) cars on the road and use less gas．Too many cars are being driven． Something will have to be done about the use of cars．
__________ 42．___________
43．___________ 44．____________
45．__________ 46．___________
47．___________ 48．____________
49．__________ 50．___________
【答案】41．A 42．are used 43．to get 44．When 45．be driven 46．to walk 47．neighbours' 48．Taking 49．where/in which
50．fewer
【解析】41．考查冠词。此处为泛指。
42．考查时态和语态。
43．考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作后置定语。
44．考查状语从句。根据上下文判断为时间状语从句。
45．考查情态动词的被动语态。
46．考查动词不定式。此处为too…to结构。
47．考查名词所有格。
48．考查with的复合结构。
49．考查定语从句。先行词是place，在定语从句中作地点状语。
50．考查比较级。根据语境和后文use less gas判断。
【题干】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
Many language learners think their pronunciation is good enough because their teacher doesn't correct them too often or because other students can 21 them．
Pronunciation is the area which is 22 the least attention to in language leaming． Most teachers 23 just let their students speak and stop them 24 they say something completely wrong． Working on each student's pronunciation in class is just 25 ． Also, the students who are 26 at pronunciation may be afraid that it will embarrass their classmates if they help 27 their mistakes．
If you believe your pronunciation is good enough to 28 because it is good enough for your teacher and other students,you may be 29 when you actually go to a foreign country． One of my friends was the best student in his 30 class in Poland．When he went to America,he found Americans didn't understand 31 0f what he said．
Your pronunciation may still be quite 32 that of a native speaker． If this is the 33 , other people will find it 34 to understand what you're saying and will not be comfortable．
35 , don’t think you can communicate in a foreign language 36 you've tested your skills on real native speakers． 37 for native or near-native pronunciation so that people you talk to can communicate with you 38 ．In order to achieve this goal, there's 39 that you will need to start thinking about your pronunciation and 40 time on it．
21．A．mistake B．watch C．surround D．understand
22．A．fixed B．drawn C．paid D．called
23．A．never B．ever C．even D．usually
24．A．only if B．if only C．even if D．if ever
25．A．fantastic B．Impossible
C．necessary D．important
26．A．poor B．well C．good D．strict
27．A．find out B．work out C．try out D．point out
28．A．communicate B．travel C．pronounce D．exchange
29．A．happy B．Disappointed
C．surprised D．excited
30．A．Polish B．French C．German D．English
31．A．none B．half C．rest D．lot
32．A．near to B．different from
C．far from D．from far
33．A．same B．matter C．case D．fact
34．A．easy B．beneficial C．convenient D．hard
35．A．ln conclusion B．In a word C．On the contrary D．ln short
36．A．when B．until C．unless D．while
37．A．Stand B．Look C．Aim D．Account
38．A．smoothly B．difficultly C．truly D．practically
39．A．no way B．no need C．no doubt D．no wonder
40．A．take B．cost C．spend D．kill
【答案】21．D 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．B 32．B 33．C
34．D 35．A 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．C 40．C
【解析】21．很多语言学习者认为他们的发音已经足够好了，因为老师不经常纠正他们，或其他同学能够听懂他们所说的。mistake弄错；watch观看；surround包围；understand理解，明白。
22．这是本段的主题句。发音是在英语学习中最少被关注的一个方面／领域o pay attention．to关注，符合语境和搭配。
23．从语境可知，多数老师通常会让学生继续说下去，只有当他们完全说错了才会让他们停下来。这是多数老师通常的做法，故用usuallyo
24．only if“只有当……（的时候）"；if only“但愿，要是……多好”；even if“．即使”；if ever“如果有过的话”。从语境看，只有only if合适。
25．在课堂上纠正每个学生的发音是不可能的( impossilole)。另外，发音好的学生可能担心如果指出这些同学的发音错误会让他们难堪。由上下文可知答案。
26．参见上题解析。从that it will embarrass their classmates if they…来看，这里是指发音好的同学。be good at“在……方面好，擅……”。
27．判断…if they help…中they指代“谁”是做此题的关键。从语境知，这里的they指代的是the students who are good at pronunciation，因此，“他们”应该是害怕“指出”同学们的错误，故用polnt out（指出）ofind out找出，查明；work out算出，解决；try out试验。
28．从下文可判断，此处说的是“如果因为对老师和别的学生来说你的发音足够好，你就相信你的发音足够好而能够进行交流（communicate）的话，那么当真正到了国外你也许会感到很吃惊”。本文谈论的主题是“发音”问题，与此相关应是用语言进行“交流”，故选A。
29．参见上题解析。
30．下文谈到他到了美国，结合常识可判断，在波兰时他是“英语”课上（英语）最好的学生。
31．当他到美国时，他说的话美国人听不懂一半。
32．你的发音也许仍然与英语为母语的人的发音差别很大。different from与……不同，符合语境。
33．if this is the case是常用语，意为“要是这样，如果这样的话”。
34．要是这样的话（指的是你的发音与生来就说英语的人的发音差别很大），别人将会发现听懂你说的话“很难”。
35．这是作者根据学生的常见问题最后提一点建议，并非作总结，故不能选择in a word。in conclusion在此相当于finally。
36．not．．．until…为常见句型，意为“直到……才……”。
37．从下文的In order to achieve this goal得到暗示。以母语或以接近母语的发音为目标，以便能顺畅地和他人交流。aim for以……为目标。stancl for代表；look for寻找,account for解释。
38．以母语或以接近母语的发音为目标，目的就是能与人顺利地交流。smoothly顺畅地，流利地。
39．There's no doubt that．．．毫无疑问……。为了实现上述目标，毫无疑问你需要开始思考发音问题，并在上面花些时间。no way决不；no need没有必要；no wonder难怪。
40．spend…on…“在……上花费……”，符合搭配和语境。kill time通常表示“消磨时光”；take time的主语往往是“事物”，不是“人”。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
【题干】 A
“Indeed,” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home．”But the father of America was not the father of bug． When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫)． But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language,leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centunes．
The American bug could also be a person, refemng to someone who was crazy about a particular activity． Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like．
Or the bug could be a small machine or object,for example, a bug-shaped car．The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install(安装)an alarm”． Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others' conversations． Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”, and since the 1940s it has been
annoying．
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design． That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison． In 1878 he explained bugs as“little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product． In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering‘a bug’in his invented record player．”
1．We learn from Paragraph l that ________．
A．Americans had difficulty in leaming to use the word bug
B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug
C．the word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth century
D．both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century
2．What does the word“flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Explanation． B．Finding． C．Origin． D．Fault．
3．The passage is mainly concemed with _______．
A．the misunderstanding of the word bug
B．the development of the word bug
C．the public views of the word bug
D．the special characteristics of the word bu,g
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段可知，在18世纪美国人和英国人都使用bug这一单词，故选D项。
2．词义猜测题。根据下文“In 1878 he explained bugs．．．to overcome in developing a successful product”可推断flaw的意思可能是“缺陷，毛病，问题”，故选Do explanation解释；finding调查发现；origin起源，由来。
3．推理判断题。通读全文可知答案为B。
【题干】 B
One day,when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office． It was David． He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly． His head teacher had referred him to me．“This boy has lost his family,” he wrote．“He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others,and I'm very womed about him．Can you help ”
I looked at David ancl showed him to a chair． How coulcl I help him There are problems psychology doesn't have the answer to, and which no words can describe． Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically．
The first two times we met,David didn't say a word． He sat there, only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me． I suggested we play a game of chess．He nodded．After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon—in complete silence and without looking at me． It's not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice．
Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed,took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down． It seemed as if he enjoyed my company．But why did he never look at me
“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,”I thought．“Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering．” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me
suddenly．
“It's your tum,”he said．
After that day,David start．ed talking．He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club． He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university． Now he had really started to live his own life．
Maybe I gave David something．But I also learned that one—without any words—can reach out to another person． All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch,and an ear that listens．
4．When he first met the author, David ______．
A．felt a little excited
B．walked energetically
C．looked a little nervous
D．showed up with his teacher
5．As a psychologist,the author _______．
A．was ready to listen to David
B．was skeptical about psychology
C．was able to describe David's problem
D．was sure of handling David's problem
6．David enjoyed being with the author because he _______．
A．wanted to ask the author for advice
B．needed to share sorrow with the author
C．liked the children's drawings in the office
D．beat the author many times in the chess game
7．What can be inferred about David
A．He recovered after months of treatment．
B．He liked biking before he lost his family．
C．He went into university soon after starting to talk．
D．He got friends in school before he met the author．
8．What made David change
A．His teacher's help．
B．The author's friendship．
C．His exchange of letters with the author．
D．The author's silent communication with him．
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．D
【解析】4．推理判断题。由第一段第三句“He kept walking up and down restlessly,his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly（他烦躁地走来走去，面色苍白，双手在微微地颤抖）”可推断出，他进来时有点紧张，故选Co
5．细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically”可知，应选A，作者认为倾听有时是最好的方式。
6．细节理解题。由第五段第一句中作者的推测“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with．．．Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering"可知，应选B。
7．推理判断题。由倒数第二段第三句“He wrote to me afew times．．．about his plan to get into university”可以推断，不久之后他康复了，故选A。 ．
8．细节理解题。由最后一段第二句“But I also leamed that one-without any words-can reach out to、another person”可知，应选D，是作者同David的无声交流改变了David。
【题干】 C
When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines,lowa, he told me about the only time he had been there．lt was in the 1930s, when he was an editor of the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University( SMU) in Dallas,Texas．He also worked． as a professor at SMU,and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease． She couldn't afford the operation because her family was poor．
Her mother ran a boarding house in Galveston,a seaside town near Houston,Texas．She was cleaning out the attic(阁楼) one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript(手稿)．On its top page were the words,“By O．Henry．”It was a nice story, and she sent it to her daughter at SMU,who showed it to my father． My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O． Henry, and he knew that O． Henry had once lived in Houston． So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boarding house, and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident． My father visited an O． Henry expert at Columbia University in New York,who authenticated the story as O． Henry's．
My fathe'r then set out to sell it．Eventually,he found himselfin Des Moines, meeting with Gardner Cowles, a top editor at the Des Moines Register． Cowles loved the story and bought it on the spot． My father took the money to the girl． It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed．
My father never told me what the O． Henry story was about．But I doubt that it could have been better than his own story．
9．Who found the O． Henry's manuscript
A．The girl's mother．
B．The author's father．
C．The girl．
D．The author．
10．Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the attic
A．O． Henry once worked in Houston．
B．O． Henry once stayed in Galveston．
C．O． Henry once moved to Des Moines．
D．O． Henry once taught at SMU．
11．The underlined word“authenticated” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________．
A．named B．treated
C．proved D．described
12．According to the text,why did the author's father go to Des Moines
A．To sell the O． Henry story．
B．To meet the author himseK．
C．To talk with the O． Henry expert．
D．To give money to the girl．
【答案】9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A
【解析】9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可知：一天她母亲在打扫阁楼时，偶然发现了一本布满灰尘的手稿，首页上写着“欧·亨利著”，故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第五句和第六句可知：欧·亨利曾经在Houston居住。因此，这位著名的作家有可能去过海边并且在那所房子里住过，他在那里写了这部小说，然后无意中把手稿落在了那里。故选B项。
11．词义猜测题。根据语境可知，我父亲拜访了在纽约的哥伦比亚大学的一位研究欧·亨利的专家，他证明这部手稿就是欧·亨利的作品o A:命名；B：对待；C:证明；D:描写，故选C项。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段前三句可知：父亲要把这部手稿卖掉，最终他去了Des Moines去见Gardner Cowles，一位Des Moines Register杂志的高级编辑，这位编辑十分喜欢这个故事并且当场买下了它。故选A。
【题干】 D
In eighteen seventy-seven,the American govemment decided to move the Nez Perce Indians from their land． The government had set up a reservation for them in Idaho．Chief Joseph clicl not want to leave the land． It was holy ground． It contained the bones of his father and mother．
However, like his father in earlier times, Chief Joseph knew it would be hopeless to stay and defend the land． There were too few Indians to win a war against the white men．
And so in June of eighteen seventy-seven, the Nez Perce left their home in the Wallowa Valley．They left quickly． They were able to take only a small part of what they owned, and just a few cattle and Appaloosa horses．
When the Indians reached the Snake River,the water was very deep and ran very fast with melted snow from the mountains． Chief Joseph and his people made boats from sticks and dried animal skins to cross the river． While the Indians were busy, a group of white men came and stole some of the cattle waiting at the edge of the river．
The other chiefs demanded that Joseph call a meeting．Two of the chiefs, White Bird and Toohoolhoolzote, spoke for war, but Joseph held a different opinion．
Some of the young men in White Bird's group were very angry． That night,they rode into the countryside and killed eleven white persons．
During all his years as chief, Joseph had tried to keep the peace． Now he saw there was no hope．Although he and his young men had taken no part in the killings,he knew that the white men would blame all of the Indians．Chief Joseph said, “I would have given my own life if I could have undone the killing of the wite men．”
Many Nez Perce fled． Chief Joseph remained, because his wife was about to have a baby．After she gave birth, he and his family joined the others in White Bird Canyon to the south．
Joseph wanted to lead the people to safety in the flat lands of Montana．But the United States army quickly sent horse soldiers to follow them．
They were extremely tired when they reached White Bird Canyon．An Indian carrying a white flag walked forward to meet them．A soldier shot him．
With that shot, the war between the Nez Perce and the United States began．
13．Why didn't Chief Joseph want to leave the land
A．He thought the reservation in Idaho wasn't satisfying．
B．He didn't want to be separated from his parents．
C．He had special feelings for the land．
D．He didn't want to live with the white men．
14．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Before they left．their home,the Nez Perce had only a few cattle and Appaloosa horses．
B．Chief Joseph and his people were unwilling to cross the deep nver．
C．When the Indians reached the Snake River,it was very hard for them to cross it．
D．While the Indians were waiting by the river, a group of white men stole some of their cattle．
15．From the passage we can infer that ______．
A．Chief Joseph knew it would be hopeless to defend the land
B．some Indians often killed white men
C．Chief Joseph was afraid of white men
D．conflicts often happened between the Indians and the white
【答案】13．C 14．C 15．D
【解析】13．细节理解题。由第一段最后两句可知。
14．细节理解题。由第四段第一句可知C项正确。从第三段最后一句可知他们迁徙时只能带走少量的财物与牲畜，而非A项所说的他们迁徙前就只有少量的牲畜；文中并未提到他们不愿过河，故B项错误。从第四段最后一句中While the Indians were busy…可知D项中waiting一词不正确。
15．推理判断题。通读全文可知印第安人与白人经常发生冲突。conflict意为“冲突，斗争”。A项在第二段中明确提到，并非推断；文中并未提到B项内容；第二段中提到Chief Joseph知道与白人对抗无异于以卵击石，为了保全家人和族人的性命，不得已才被迫迁徙；此外，由倒数第四段可知Chief Joseph并不惧怕白人，而是为族人的命运担忧，因此C项不正确。
【题干】 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking Training
●Get a coach
16 , so get help．Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses,here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you．
●Focus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well． Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well． 17 , so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do．
● 18
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts,walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about． 19 ．As far as we're concemed,there are basically no hard ancl fast rules about public speaking．Your audience can be your friends．
●You are a special person not a clone
Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits． 20 ．Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not．
A．You aren't like anybody else
B．You already do lots of things well
C．Tum your back on too many rules
D．Check the rules about dos and don'ts
E．Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough'
F．The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep
G．So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse
【答案】16．E 17．B 18．C 19．G 20．A
【解析】16．根据逗号后的so get help可推断出该句应该是表达： public speaking是困难的，因此要得到帮助。
17．根据后面一句话的表达：好的公共演讲培训应该帮你发扬你做得好的东西，而不是告诉你不该去做什么。由此推断出答案为B项：你已经把很多事情做得很好了。
18．根据该段中的walk away可以推断出作者让我们对这样的培训班断然拒绝，故选C项：拒绝太多的规则。
19．前一句话说道：你的脑子里已经装满了你要讲的东西，因此再试图把一整套规则强行塞进去会使得情况更加糟糕。故选G项。
20．根据下句话中的bring out your personality可以推断出此处表达：你和别人不一样。故选A项。
【题干】 假设你校英语社团举办以“讲求文明，从我做起”为主题的征文活动，请你以“On the Way to School”为题，写一篇英语短文。
内容主要包括：1．遵守交通法规；
2．注意举止文明。
注意：1．词数120左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息；
4．短文的题目已为你拟好，不计入总词数。
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【范文】One possible version:
On the Way to School
These days, breaking trafficrules and littering are not uncommon, causing serious harm to life and the environment． Changing this situation requires considerable efforts． As for me, it
should start on my way to school．
I will keep traffic rules in mind all the way． If Iride a bike, I'll always keep to the right and never cross aroad until the traffic light tums green． If l walk, I'll never forget to use the pedestrian crossing． Meanwhile, I will regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean．Not only will I keep from littering and spittirig anywhere, but also I will help clean up the roadside whenever possible． I hope my behavior will make a difference．
The United States is full of cars．They are 41 necessary part of life．
Cars 42 (use) for business．They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way 43 (get) to their jobs． 44 salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products． Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies．
Sometimes small children must 45 (drive) to school． In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile away from the schooI． When the children are too young 46 (walk) too far,their mothers take tums driving them to school． One mother drives on Mondays taking her own children and the 47 ( neighbour) as well．Another mother drives on Tuesdays,another on Wednesdays,and so on．This is called forming a car pool (拼车)． Men also form car pools,with three or four men 48 (take) turns driving to the place 49 they all work．
More car pools should be formed in order to put 50 (few) cars on the road and use less gas．Too many cars are being driven． Something will have to be done about the use of cars．
__________ 42．___________
43．___________ 44．____________
45．__________ 46．___________
47．___________ 48．____________
49．__________ 50．___________
【答案】41．A 42．are used 43．to get 44．When 45．be driven 46．to walk 47．neighbours' 48．Taking 49．where/in which
50．fewer
【解析】41．考查冠词。此处为泛指。
42．考查时态和语态。
43．考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作后置定语。
44．考查状语从句。根据上下文判断为时间状语从句。
45．考查情态动词的被动语态。
46．考查动词不定式。此处为too…to结构。
47．考查名词所有格。
48．考查with的复合结构。
49．考查定语从句。先行词是place，在定语从句中作地点状语。
50．考查比较级。根据语境和后文use less gas判断。
【题干】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
Many language learners think their pronunciation is good enough because their teacher doesn't correct them too often or because other students can 21 them．
Pronunciation is the area which is 22 the least attention to in language leaming． Most teachers 23 just let their students speak and stop them 24 they say something completely wrong． Working on each student's pronunciation in class is just 25 ． Also, the students who are 26 at pronunciation may be afraid that it will embarrass their classmates if they help 27 their mistakes．
If you believe your pronunciation is good enough to 28 because it is good enough for your teacher and other students,you may be 29 when you actually go to a foreign country． One of my friends was the best student in his 30 class in Poland．When he went to America,he found Americans didn't understand 31 0f what he said．
Your pronunciation may still be quite 32 that of a native speaker． If this is the 33 , other people will find it 34 to understand what you're saying and will not be comfortable．
35 , don’t think you can communicate in a foreign language 36 you've tested your skills on real native speakers． 37 for native or near-native pronunciation so that people you talk to can communicate with you 38 ．In order to achieve this goal, there's 39 that you will need to start thinking about your pronunciation and 40 time on it．
21．A．mistake B．watch C．surround D．understand
22．A．fixed B．drawn C．paid D．called
23．A．never B．ever C．even D．usually
24．A．only if B．if only C．even if D．if ever
25．A．fantastic B．Impossible
C．necessary D．important
26．A．poor B．well C．good D．strict
27．A．find out B．work out C．try out D．point out
28．A．communicate B．travel C．pronounce D．exchange
29．A．happy B．Disappointed
C．surprised D．excited
30．A．Polish B．French C．German D．English
31．A．none B．half C．rest D．lot
32．A．near to B．different from
C．far from D．from far
33．A．same B．matter C．case D．fact
34．A．easy B．beneficial C．convenient D．hard
35．A．ln conclusion B．In a word C．On the contrary D．ln short
36．A．when B．until C．unless D．while
37．A．Stand B．Look C．Aim D．Account
38．A．smoothly B．difficultly C．truly D．practically
39．A．no way B．no need C．no doubt D．no wonder
40．A．take B．cost C．spend D．kill
【答案】21．D 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．D 31．B 32．B 33．C
34．D 35．A 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．C 40．C
【解析】21．很多语言学习者认为他们的发音已经足够好了，因为老师不经常纠正他们，或其他同学能够听懂他们所说的。mistake弄错；watch观看；surround包围；understand理解，明白。
22．这是本段的主题句。发音是在英语学习中最少被关注的一个方面／领域o pay attention．to关注，符合语境和搭配。
23．从语境可知，多数老师通常会让学生继续说下去，只有当他们完全说错了才会让他们停下来。这是多数老师通常的做法，故用usuallyo
24．only if“只有当……（的时候）"；if only“但愿，要是……多好”；even if“．即使”；if ever“如果有过的话”。从语境看，只有only if合适。
25．在课堂上纠正每个学生的发音是不可能的( impossilole)。另外，发音好的学生可能担心如果指出这些同学的发音错误会让他们难堪。由上下文可知答案。
26．参见上题解析。从that it will embarrass their classmates if they…来看，这里是指发音好的同学。be good at“在……方面好，擅……”。
27．判断…if they help…中they指代“谁”是做此题的关键。从语境知，这里的they指代的是the students who are good at pronunciation，因此，“他们”应该是害怕“指出”同学们的错误，故用polnt out（指出）ofind out找出，查明；work out算出，解决；try out试验。
28．从下文可判断，此处说的是“如果因为对老师和别的学生来说你的发音足够好，你就相信你的发音足够好而能够进行交流（communicate）的话，那么当真正到了国外你也许会感到很吃惊”。本文谈论的主题是“发音”问题，与此相关应是用语言进行“交流”，故选A。
29．参见上题解析。
30．下文谈到他到了美国，结合常识可判断，在波兰时他是“英语”课上（英语）最好的学生。
31．当他到美国时，他说的话美国人听不懂一半。
32．你的发音也许仍然与英语为母语的人的发音差别很大。different from与……不同，符合语境。
33．if this is the case是常用语，意为“要是这样，如果这样的话”。
34．要是这样的话（指的是你的发音与生来就说英语的人的发音差别很大），别人将会发现听懂你说的话“很难”。
35．这是作者根据学生的常见问题最后提一点建议，并非作总结，故不能选择in a word。in conclusion在此相当于finally。
36．not．．．until…为常见句型，意为“直到……才……”。
37．从下文的In order to achieve this goal得到暗示。以母语或以接近母语的发音为目标，以便能顺畅地和他人交流。aim for以……为目标。stancl for代表；look for寻找,account for解释。
38．以母语或以接近母语的发音为目标，目的就是能与人顺利地交流。smoothly顺畅地，流利地。
39．There's no doubt that．．．毫无疑问……。为了实现上述目标，毫无疑问你需要开始思考发音问题，并在上面花些时间。no way决不；no need没有必要；no wonder难怪。
40．spend…on…“在……上花费……”，符合搭配和语境。kill time通常表示“消磨时光”；take time的主语往往是“事物”，不是“人”。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
【题干】 A
“Indeed,” George Washington wrote in his diary in 1785, “some kind of fly, or bug, had begun to eat the leaves before I left home．”But the father of America was not the father of bug． When Washington wrote that, Englishmen had been referring to insects as bugs for more than a century, and Americans had already created lightning-bug(萤火虫)． But the English were soon to stop using the bugs in their language,leaving it to the Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth centunes．
The American bug could also be a person, refemng to someone who was crazy about a particular activity． Although fan became the usual term, sports fans used to be called racing bugs, baseball bugs, and the like．
Or the bug could be a small machine or object,for example, a bug-shaped car．The bug could also be a burglar alarm, from which comes the expression to bug, that is, “to install(安装)an alarm”． Now it means a small piece of equipment that people use for listening secretly to others' conversations． Since the 1840s, to bug has long meant “to cheat”, and since the 1940s it has been
annoying．
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or other design． That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison． In 1878 he explained bugs as“little problems and difficulties” that required months of study and labor to overcome in developing a successful product． In 1889 it was recorded that Edison “had been up the two previous nights discovering‘a bug’in his invented record player．”
1．We learn from Paragraph l that ________．
A．Americans had difficulty in leaming to use the word bug
B．George Washington was the first person to call an insect a bug
C．the word bug was still popularly used in England in the nineteenth century
D．both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the eighteenth century
2．What does the word“flaw” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Explanation． B．Finding． C．Origin． D．Fault．
3．The passage is mainly concemed with _______．
A．the misunderstanding of the word bug
B．the development of the word bug
C．the public views of the word bug
D．the special characteristics of the word bu,g
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段可知，在18世纪美国人和英国人都使用bug这一单词，故选D项。
2．词义猜测题。根据下文“In 1878 he explained bugs．．．to overcome in developing a successful product”可推断flaw的意思可能是“缺陷，毛病，问题”，故选Do explanation解释；finding调查发现；origin起源，由来。
3．推理判断题。通读全文可知答案为B。
【题干】 B
One day,when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office． It was David． He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly． His head teacher had referred him to me．“This boy has lost his family,” he wrote．“He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others,and I'm very womed about him．Can you help ”
I looked at David ancl showed him to a chair． How coulcl I help him There are problems psychology doesn't have the answer to, and which no words can describe． Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically．
The first two times we met,David didn't say a word． He sat there, only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me． I suggested we play a game of chess．He nodded．After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon—in complete silence and without looking at me． It's not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice．
Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed,took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down． It seemed as if he enjoyed my company．But why did he never look at me
“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with,”I thought．“Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering．” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me
suddenly．
“It's your tum,”he said．
After that day,David start．ed talking．He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club． He wrote to me a few times, about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university． Now he had really started to live his own life．
Maybe I gave David something．But I also learned that one—without any words—can reach out to another person． All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch,and an ear that listens．
4．When he first met the author, David ______．
A．felt a little excited
B．walked energetically
C．looked a little nervous
D．showed up with his teacher
5．As a psychologist,the author _______．
A．was ready to listen to David
B．was skeptical about psychology
C．was able to describe David's problem
D．was sure of handling David's problem
6．David enjoyed being with the author because he _______．
A．wanted to ask the author for advice
B．needed to share sorrow with the author
C．liked the children's drawings in the office
D．beat the author many times in the chess game
7．What can be inferred about David
A．He recovered after months of treatment．
B．He liked biking before he lost his family．
C．He went into university soon after starting to talk．
D．He got friends in school before he met the author．
8．What made David change
A．His teacher's help．
B．The author's friendship．
C．His exchange of letters with the author．
D．The author's silent communication with him．
【答案】4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．D
【解析】4．推理判断题。由第一段第三句“He kept walking up and down restlessly,his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly（他烦躁地走来走去，面色苍白，双手在微微地颤抖）”可推断出，他进来时有点紧张，故选Co
5．细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically”可知，应选A，作者认为倾听有时是最好的方式。
6．细节理解题。由第五段第一句中作者的推测“Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with．．．Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering"可知，应选B。
7．推理判断题。由倒数第二段第三句“He wrote to me afew times．．．about his plan to get into university”可以推断，不久之后他康复了，故选A。 ．
8．细节理解题。由最后一段第二句“But I also leamed that one-without any words-can reach out to、another person”可知，应选D，是作者同David的无声交流改变了David。
【题干】 C
When I told my father that I was moving to Des Moines,lowa, he told me about the only time he had been there．lt was in the 1930s, when he was an editor of the literary magazine of Southern Methodist University( SMU) in Dallas,Texas．He also worked． as a professor at SMU,and there was a girl student in his class who suffered from a serious back disease． She couldn't afford the operation because her family was poor．
Her mother ran a boarding house in Galveston,a seaside town near Houston,Texas．She was cleaning out the attic(阁楼) one day when she came across an old dusty manuscript(手稿)．On its top page were the words,“By O．Henry．”It was a nice story, and she sent it to her daughter at SMU,who showed it to my father． My father had never read the story before, but it sounded like O． Henry, and he knew that O． Henry had once lived in Houston． So it was possible that the famous author had gone to the beach and stayed in the Galveston boarding house, and had written the story there and left the manuscript behind by accident． My father visited an O． Henry expert at Columbia University in New York,who authenticated the story as O． Henry's．
My fathe'r then set out to sell it．Eventually,he found himselfin Des Moines, meeting with Gardner Cowles, a top editor at the Des Moines Register． Cowles loved the story and bought it on the spot． My father took the money to the girl． It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed．
My father never told me what the O． Henry story was about．But I doubt that it could have been better than his own story．
9．Who found the O． Henry's manuscript
A．The girl's mother．
B．The author's father．
C．The girl．
D．The author．
10．Which of the following might explain the fact that the manuscript was found in the attic
A．O． Henry once worked in Houston．
B．O． Henry once stayed in Galveston．
C．O． Henry once moved to Des Moines．
D．O． Henry once taught at SMU．
11．The underlined word“authenticated” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________．
A．named B．treated
C．proved D．described
12．According to the text,why did the author's father go to Des Moines
A．To sell the O． Henry story．
B．To meet the author himseK．
C．To talk with the O． Henry expert．
D．To give money to the girl．
【答案】9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A
【解析】9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可知：一天她母亲在打扫阁楼时，偶然发现了一本布满灰尘的手稿，首页上写着“欧·亨利著”，故选A项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第五句和第六句可知：欧·亨利曾经在Houston居住。因此，这位著名的作家有可能去过海边并且在那所房子里住过，他在那里写了这部小说，然后无意中把手稿落在了那里。故选B项。
11．词义猜测题。根据语境可知，我父亲拜访了在纽约的哥伦比亚大学的一位研究欧·亨利的专家，他证明这部手稿就是欧·亨利的作品o A:命名；B：对待；C:证明；D:描写，故选C项。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段前三句可知：父亲要把这部手稿卖掉，最终他去了Des Moines去见Gardner Cowles，一位Des Moines Register杂志的高级编辑，这位编辑十分喜欢这个故事并且当场买下了它。故选A。
【题干】 D
In eighteen seventy-seven,the American govemment decided to move the Nez Perce Indians from their land． The government had set up a reservation for them in Idaho．Chief Joseph clicl not want to leave the land． It was holy ground． It contained the bones of his father and mother．
However, like his father in earlier times, Chief Joseph knew it would be hopeless to stay and defend the land． There were too few Indians to win a war against the white men．
And so in June of eighteen seventy-seven, the Nez Perce left their home in the Wallowa Valley．They left quickly． They were able to take only a small part of what they owned, and just a few cattle and Appaloosa horses．
When the Indians reached the Snake River,the water was very deep and ran very fast with melted snow from the mountains． Chief Joseph and his people made boats from sticks and dried animal skins to cross the river． While the Indians were busy, a group of white men came and stole some of the cattle waiting at the edge of the river．
The other chiefs demanded that Joseph call a meeting．Two of the chiefs, White Bird and Toohoolhoolzote, spoke for war, but Joseph held a different opinion．
Some of the young men in White Bird's group were very angry． That night,they rode into the countryside and killed eleven white persons．
During all his years as chief, Joseph had tried to keep the peace． Now he saw there was no hope．Although he and his young men had taken no part in the killings,he knew that the white men would blame all of the Indians．Chief Joseph said, “I would have given my own life if I could have undone the killing of the wite men．”
Many Nez Perce fled． Chief Joseph remained, because his wife was about to have a baby．After she gave birth, he and his family joined the others in White Bird Canyon to the south．
Joseph wanted to lead the people to safety in the flat lands of Montana．But the United States army quickly sent horse soldiers to follow them．
They were extremely tired when they reached White Bird Canyon．An Indian carrying a white flag walked forward to meet them．A soldier shot him．
With that shot, the war between the Nez Perce and the United States began．
13．Why didn't Chief Joseph want to leave the land
A．He thought the reservation in Idaho wasn't satisfying．
B．He didn't want to be separated from his parents．
C．He had special feelings for the land．
D．He didn't want to live with the white men．
14．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Before they left．their home,the Nez Perce had only a few cattle and Appaloosa horses．
B．Chief Joseph and his people were unwilling to cross the deep nver．
C．When the Indians reached the Snake River,it was very hard for them to cross it．
D．While the Indians were waiting by the river, a group of white men stole some of their cattle．
15．From the passage we can infer that ______．
A．Chief Joseph knew it would be hopeless to defend the land
B．some Indians often killed white men
C．Chief Joseph was afraid of white men
D．conflicts often happened between the Indians and the white
【答案】13．C 14．C 15．D
【解析】13．细节理解题。由第一段最后两句可知。
14．细节理解题。由第四段第一句可知C项正确。从第三段最后一句可知他们迁徙时只能带走少量的财物与牲畜，而非A项所说的他们迁徙前就只有少量的牲畜；文中并未提到他们不愿过河，故B项错误。从第四段最后一句中While the Indians were busy…可知D项中waiting一词不正确。
15．推理判断题。通读全文可知印第安人与白人经常发生冲突。conflict意为“冲突，斗争”。A项在第二段中明确提到，并非推断；文中并未提到B项内容；第二段中提到Chief Joseph知道与白人对抗无异于以卵击石，为了保全家人和族人的性命，不得已才被迫迁徙；此外，由倒数第四段可知Chief Joseph并不惧怕白人，而是为族人的命运担忧，因此C项不正确。
【题干】 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking Training
●Get a coach
16 , so get help．Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses,here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you．
●Focus on positives
Any training you do to become more effective at public speaking should always focus on the positive aspects of what you already do well． Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well． 17 , so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do．
● 18
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts,walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about． 19 ．As far as we're concemed,there are basically no hard ancl fast rules about public speaking．Your audience can be your friends．
●You are a special person not a clone
Most importantly, good public speaking training should treat you as a special one, with your own personal habits． 20 ．Your training course should help you bring out your personality, not try to turn you into someone you're not．
A．You aren't like anybody else
B．You already do lots of things well
C．Tum your back on too many rules
D．Check the rules about dos and don'ts
E．Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough'
F．The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep
G．So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse
【答案】16．E 17．B 18．C 19．G 20．A
【解析】16．根据逗号后的so get help可推断出该句应该是表达： public speaking是困难的，因此要得到帮助。
17．根据后面一句话的表达：好的公共演讲培训应该帮你发扬你做得好的东西，而不是告诉你不该去做什么。由此推断出答案为B项：你已经把很多事情做得很好了。
18．根据该段中的walk away可以推断出作者让我们对这样的培训班断然拒绝，故选C项：拒绝太多的规则。
19．前一句话说道：你的脑子里已经装满了你要讲的东西，因此再试图把一整套规则强行塞进去会使得情况更加糟糕。故选G项。
20．根据下句话中的bring out your personality可以推断出此处表达：你和别人不一样。故选A项。
【题干】 假设你校英语社团举办以“讲求文明，从我做起”为主题的征文活动，请你以“On the Way to School”为题，写一篇英语短文。
内容主要包括：1．遵守交通法规；
2．注意举止文明。
注意：1．词数120左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息；
4．短文的题目已为你拟好，不计入总词数。
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【范文】One possible version:
On the Way to School
These days, breaking trafficrules and littering are not uncommon, causing serious harm to life and the environment． Changing this situation requires considerable efforts． As for me, it
should start on my way to school．
I will keep traffic rules in mind all the way． If Iride a bike, I'll always keep to the right and never cross aroad until the traffic light tums green． If l walk, I'll never forget to use the pedestrian crossing． Meanwhile, I will regard it as my duty to help keep our environment clean．Not only will I keep from littering and spittirig anywhere, but also I will help clean up the roadside whenever possible． I hope my behavior will make a difference．