【牛津译林版】讲练结合 模块5 Unit 3 Science versus nature part 2(解析版)

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名称 【牛津译林版】讲练结合 模块5 Unit 3 Science versus nature part 2(解析版)
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更新时间 2022-04-11 15:42:19

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【题干】With a lot of difficulties _____,they went to the seashore and had a good rest.
A.settling B.to settle
C.settled D.being settled
【答案】C
【解析】句意:大量的难题被解决了,他们去海边好好放松一下。考查非谓语动词。根据后面they went to the seashore and had a good rest可知动作已经完成,再根据difficulties和settle之间是被动关系,故用过去分词。
【题干】An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are____ it.
A.against B.for
C.to D.with
【答案】A
【解析】句意:意见达成一致看来是不可能了,因为大多数委员会成员都表示反对。本题考查介词的基本用法。against反对;for为了;to向,对;with和。根据句意应选择A项。
【题干】The students started their exciting journey in balloons _____by jets of hot gas.
A.drove B.to drive
C.driven D.driving
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。balloons与drive之间是被动关系,所以选择过去分词driven。
【题干】____ the big snake,the little girl stood under the tree ____ to death.
A.Seeing ; frightening
B.Seeing ; frightened
C.Seen; frightened
D.To see ; frightening
【答案】B
【解析】
句意:看到这条大蛇,这个小女孩站在树下吓得要死。考查非谓语动词。第一空the little girl和see之间是主动关系,用现在分词表示伴随;第二空be frightened to death被吓得要死。
【题干】You can't predict everything.Often things don't____ as you expect.
A.run out B.break out
C.work out D.put out
【答案】C
【解析】句意:你不可能预测所有事情,通常事情并不像你所想象的那样发生。work out成功地发展;run out用完;break out突然爆发;put out扑灭,生产。
【题干】With the college entrance examination approaching, students should____ to stay energetic.
A.work out B.pull out
C.give out D.figure out
【答案】A
【解析】句意:随着高考的临近,学生们应该锻炼身体从而保持精力充沛。work out计算出,锻炼身体;pull out出站;give out分发;figure out弄明白。故选A项。
【题干】My father warned me____ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.
A.by B.on
C.for D.against
【答案】D
【解析】句意:爸爸提醒我不要去西海岸,因为那里挤满了游客。本题考查介词辨析。warn sb against doing sth =warn sb not to do sth警告/提醒某人不要做某事,故选D。
【题干】It was a real race____ time to get the project done.Luckily,we made it.
A.over B.by
C.for D.against
【答案】D
【解析】 句意:完成这项工程真的是在与时间赛跑。但幸运的是,我们成功了。本题考查介词辨析。over time随着时间的流逝,against time争分夺秒,by the time到……时候,for a time暂时,一度。
【题干】They have already had some everyday words_____ to the new edition of the dictionary.
A.Adding B.add
C.added D.to add
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他们早已经把一些日常用语添加到词典的新版本中了。everyday words与add之间是被动关系,故选C项。
【题干】The furniture,with its modem style and bright colors,suits modem houses and their gardens,but looks___ in the garden of a traditional home.
A.out of question B.out of order
C.out of sight D.out of place
【答案】D
【解析】句意:这件家具具有现代化的风格和明亮的颜色,很适合现代化的房子和花园,但是放在一个传统住宅的花园里就显得有些格格不入。考查介词短语辨析。out of place表示“不在合适的位置,不适当,格格不入”;out of question表示“不成问题”;out of order表示“工作不正常的,不按次序的,违反会议规程的”;out of sight表示“看不见,在视野之外”。
【题干】Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks____ in disasters.
A.turn down B.turn out
C.break down D.break out
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在灾难中无线网络瘫痪的时候,老式电话起到重要作用。本题考查动词短语辨析。A.拒绝,关小(声音);B.结果是;C.出故障;D.爆发(战争,打斗等)。
【题干】—You look upset.What's the matter
—I had my proposal _again.
A.turned over B.turned on
C.turned off D.turned down
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——你看上去不高兴,怎么了?——我的建议又被拒绝了。本题考查动词短语辨析。此人不高兴是因为建议再次遭到拒绝,turn clown拒绝,故选择D项。turn over翻身;turn on打开;turnoff关掉。
【题干】While staying in the village,James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything____.
A.in return B.in common
C.in turn D.in place
【答案】A
【解析】句意:在村庄停留期间,James无私地和村民分享他所拥有的一切,不要求任何回报。考查介词短语辨析。A:作为回报,作为回应;B:共有;C:轮流,依次;D:在正确位置。根据句意选A。
【题干】Cats and tigers are animals of the cat family,so cats____ tigers in many ways.
A.are similar to B.are similar from
C.are different from D.are different to
【答案】A
【解析】句意:猫和老虎都属于猫科动物,因此,猫和老虎在很多方面很相似。考查形容词短语。be similar to与……相似,符合题意。故选A项。
【题干】The form cannot be signed by anyone____ yourself.
A.rather than B.other than
C.more than D.better than
【答案】B
【解析】句意:此表格必须由你本人签字。本题考查短语辨析。本题易错选A。A.而不是;B.除了;C.超出,不仅仅;D.胜于。设空处意为“除了(你自己)”,故答案为B项。
【题干】Young adults____ older ones are more likely to prefer sports and become enthusiastic sports fans.
A.other than B.more than
C.less than D.rather than
【答案】D
【解析】句意:是年轻人而不是老年人更有可能喜欢运动而且成为热情的运动迷。other than除了;more than多于;less than少于;rather than而不是。
【题干】Mary spent____75 years washing and ironing other people's clothes.
A.other than B.rather than
C.better than D.more than
【答案】D
【解析】句意:Mary花了超过75年的时间为别人清洗和熨烫衣物。本题考查短语辨析。other than除了;rather than而不是;better than比…一好;more than多于。
【题干】Mother always complains that children____ their shoes very quickly.
A.find out B.wash out
C.wear out D.set out
【答案】C
【解析】句意:妈妈总是抱怨孩子们很快就穿破了他们的鞋。考查短语辨析。find out意为“找出,查明”;wash out意为“洗净”;wear out意为“用坏,穿破”;set out意为“动身,出发”。根据语境判断,此处用C选项最为合适。
【题干】Hard work and lack of sleep have_____her beauty and youth in recent years.
A.worn out B.tried out
C.made out D.sent out
【答案】A
【解析】句意:最近几年的辛苦工作和缺少睡眠耗尽了她的美丽和青春年华。wear out用坏,耗尽;try out试验;make out辨认出,应付;send out分发,发出。根据句意可知选A项。
小试身手
【题干】It is very important for us parents to be____ in educating children.
A.common B.similar
C.consistent D.available
【答案】C
【解析】句意:对于我们父母来说在教育孩子方向保持一致是非常重要的。考查形容词辨析。common共同的;similar相似的;consistent 一致的;available有空的,可利用的。根据句意选C项。
【题干】Relations between brothers and sisters,parents and children, usually have_____ intelligence,and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on genetic factors.
A.common B.considerate
C.similar D.permanent
【答案】C
【解析】句意:兄弟与姐妹,父母与子女之间往往都有着相似的智力,这明显表明智力取决于遗传因素。common普通的,共同的;considerate善解人意的;similar相似的;permanent永恒的,持久的。【题干】____in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
A.To found B.Founding
C.Founded D.Having founded
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这所学校建立于20世纪早期,并一直激励孩子们热爱艺术。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。非谓语动词与句子主语为逻辑上的被动关系,故排除A.B.D三个选项。
【题干】_____from the top of the tower,the south foot of the mountain is 8 sea of trees.
A.Seen B.Seeing
C.Having seen D.To see
【答案】A
【解析】句意:从塔顶往下看,南边的山脚下是一片树的海洋。本题考查分词作状语。分词作状语,其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。主语the south foot of the mountain与see在逻辑上为被动关系,四个选项中只有A项表被动。
【题干】In some languages,100 words make up half of all words____ in daily conversations.
A.using B.to use
C.having used D.used
【答案】D
【解析】句意:在有些语言中,100个词就占了日常对话用词的50%。本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。非谓语动词和words是逻辑上的被动关系,而四个选项中只有D项表示被动,故答案为D项。
【题干】You cannot accept an opinion____ to you unless it is based on facts.
A.offering B.to offer
C.having offered D.offered
【答案】D
【解析】句意:你不能接受别人提供给你的意见,除非它有事实依据。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。首先排除C项,因为该形式一般不作定语;因为非谓语动词与其逻辑主语an opinion为被动关系,故排除A、B两项,选D。
【题干】The witnesses____ by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.
A.questioned B.being questioned
C.to be questioned D.having questioned
【答案】A
【解析】句意:警察刚才询问的证人对这次斗殴事件给出的描述大相径庭。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。空格处非谓语动词和逻辑主语witnesses之间是被动关系,排除D项;又根据题干中的just now可知动作已完成,故选A项。
【题干】After completing and signing it,please return the form to us in the envelope____.
A.providing B.provided
C.having provided D.provide
【答案】B
【解析】句意:在填完表格并署名以后,请把它放在被提供的信封里返还到我们这里。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。设空处的非谓语动词和envelope是被动关系,且作后置定语,故选B。
【题干】When_____ for his views about his teaching job,Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A.asking B.asked
C.having asked D.to be asked
【答案】B
【解析】句意:当被问及对教学工作的看法时,菲利普说他发现教学工作非常有趣而且很值得做。考查过去分词作状语。主语Philip与ask之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词。When asked...相当于状语从句When he was asked...。
【题干】“It's such a nice place." Mother said as she sat at the table_____ for customers.
A.to be reserved B.having reserved
C.reserving D.reserved
【答案】D
【解析】句意:妈妈坐在为客人们预订的桌子旁时说:“这真是一个好地方。”此题考查非谓语动词作定语。空格处的非谓语动词和逻辑主语table之间是被动关系,故用过去分词。A项表示将来的动作;B项和C项都是主动形式,故排除。
【题干】 Time,_____correctly,is money in the bank.
A.to use B.used
C.using D.use
【答案】B
【解析】句意:时间,如果被正确使用,就犹如银行中的存款。考查非谓语动词作状语。主语time与use为逻辑上的被动关系,四个选项中只有B项表示被动,故为答案。Used correctly相当于条件状语从句if it is used correctly。
【题干】 _____with care,one tin will last for six weeks.
A.Use B.Using
C.Used D.To use
【答案】C
【解析】句意:如果小心使用,一罐可维持6个星期。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。空格处的非谓语动词与逻辑主语one tin之间为被动关系,故选择C项。
【题干】 Before driving into the city,you are required to get your car _____.
A.washed B.wash
C.washing D.to wash
【答案】A
【解析】句意:开车进入市区之前,你必须把汽车洗一洗。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语。car与wash之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语,构成“get sth done”的结构,表示“使某物被……”。
【题干】 The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if _____regularly,can improve our health.
A.being carried out B.carrying out
C.carried out D.to carry out
【答案】C
【解析】句意:实验表明,如果有规律地进行适量的锻炼,就能够改善身体健康状况。本题考查省略句。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致且从句中有系动词be时,可省去从句中的主语和系动词be,本题中完整的条件状语从句应该为if it is carried out regularly,省略后可得知答案为 C项。
【题干】 Tsinghua University, _____ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
A.found B.founding
C.founded D.to be founded
【答案】C
【解析】句意:清华大学,创办于1911年,是许多杰出人物的母校。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。首先排除found,因为found作“创办”讲时为动词原形,不能作定语;被修饰词Tsinghua University与found(创办)为被动关系,故排除B项;C项表被动且完成;D项表将来。根据题意可知C项为正确答案。founded in 1911在句中相当于非限制性定语从句which was founded in 1911。
【题干】They might just have a place_____ on the writing course-why don't you give it a try
A.leave B.left
C.leaving D.to leave
【答案】B
【解析】句意:写作课程他们可能还有一个名额——你为什么不试试呢?本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。宾语a place与leave(剩下)为逻辑上的被动关系,故答案为B项。
【题干】When we saw the road____ with snow,we decided to spend the holiday at home.
A.block B.to block
C.blocking D.blocked
【答案】D
【解析】句意:当我们看到马路被大雪堵住时,我们决定在家度过假期。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。非谓语动词的逻辑主语为road,两者为被动关系,故此题选择D项。
【题干】 Lying in bed,I listened to the heavy rain____ the window,____.
A.striking;worry
B.hitting; worried
C.knocking; worrying
D.beating; worried
【答案】D
【解析】句意:躺在床上,我听着大雨敲打着窗户,感到很担心。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,第一空在句中作宾补,第二空作状语。worrying用于物,worried用于人,由此结合句子的主语,可排除A和C;hit侧重有目标地猛击,不合题意,而beat指连续地打击或者敲打,与题意相符。故答案为D项。
【题干】Little Tom becomes very____ in chemistry and he finds it very____.
A.interested; interested
B.interested; interesting
C.interesting;interesting
D.interesting; interested
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。interested表示感兴趣的,interesting表示令人感兴趣的。由此可知,B项符合题意。
【题干】So far nobody has claimed the money____ in the library.
A.discovered B.to be discovered
C.discovering D.having discovered
【答案】A
【解析】句意:到目前为止,还没有人认领在图书馆里发现的钱。本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。money与discover之间为逻辑上的被动关系,故排除C、D两项;B项表将来,故被排除;A项表被动且完成,故为正确答案。
【题干】 The players _____from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
A.selecting B.to select
C.selected D.having selected
【答案】C
【解析】句意:人们期待着从全国范围内挑选出来的运动员们在今午的夏季运动会上给我们带来荣誉。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。select(挑选)与其逻辑主语the players之间为被动关系,故用过去分词。A、B、D三项是表示主动的非谓语动词形式,故被排除。
【题干】 Claire had her luggage _____ an hour before her plane left.
A.check B.checking
C.to check D.checked
【答案】D
【解析】句意:Claire在飞机起飞前一小时对行李进行了安检。本题考查非谓语动词。本句中luggage与check为被动关系,所以用过去分词,构成have sth done结构。故答案为D项。
【题干】 _____an important role in a new movie,Andy has got a chance to become famous.
A.Offer B.Offering
C.Offered D.To offer
【答案】C
【解析】句意:Andy被提供了在一部新影片里扮演一个重要的角色的机会,他有机会出名了。考查非谓语动词。动词offer与句子主语是逻辑上的被动关系,用过去分词作状语表示被动和已经发生的动作。
【题干】 The island, ____ to the mainland by a bridge,is easy to go to.
A.joining B.to join
C.joined D.having joined
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这个岛由一座桥和大陆连着,很容易去的。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。island和join之间是被动关系,故需用过去分词。joined to the mainland by a bridge相当于一个定语从句which is joined to the mainland by a bridge。
【题干】 Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _____of his own dreams.
A.Reminding B.to remind
C.Reminded D.remind
【答案】C
【解析】句意:迈克尔把姚明的画像挂在床边,目的是提醒自己记住自己的梦想。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。宾语himself与remind为逻辑上的被动关系,故答案为C项。
【题干】Mrs.White showed her students some old maps____ from the library.
A.to borrow B.to be borrowed
C.borrowed D.borrowing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:怀特老师把从图书馆借来的几张旧地图展示给她的学生们看。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。maps和borrow之间是逻辑上的被动关系,而且表示已经发生的动作,因此用过去分词作定语。
【题干】While waiting for the opportunity to get _____,Henry did his best to perform his duty.
A.promote B.promoted
C.Promoting D.to promote
【答案】B
【解析】句意:亨利在等待获得升职机会的同时,尽力做好自己的本职工作。考查非谓语动词。promote和逻辑主语Henry是逻辑上的被动关系,故使用过去分词,故选B。
【题干】Clearly and thoughtfully____,the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
A.writing B.to write
C.written D.being written
【答案】C
【解析】句意:由于表达清楚,思想有深度,这本书激起了那些想寻求他们自己的答案的学生的自信心。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。因为主语the book和非谓语动词之间是逻辑上的被动关系且表示完成,所以用过去分词作状语。
【题干】Amie Salmon,disabled,is attended throughout her school days by a nurse____ to guard her.
A.to appoint B.appointing
C.appointed D.having appointed
【答案】C
【解析】句意:Amie Salmon是一个残疾人,在上学期间她一直由一名指定的护士照顾。考查非谓语动词作定语。名词nurse和appoint之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故选C。
【题干】The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras____ to our shop for quality problems.
A.returning B.returned
C.to return D.to be returned
【答案】B
【解析】句意:生产商会定期来收回因质量问题退回我们店的照相机。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。cameras和return之间是被动关系,并且是已经完成的动作,所以要用过去分词。故选B项。
【题干】Everything____,I’m sure I made a right decision.
A.taken into consideration
B.taking into consideration
C.to take into consideration
D.take into consideration
【答案】A
【解析】句意:每件事都被考虑在内,我确定我作出了正确的决定。考查独立主格结构。从句子结构分析,两句话之间是逗号,但是没有连词,说明前面是独立主格结构,用逻辑主语+非谓语动词构成,因为everything和take into consideration之间是被动关系,用过去分词,选A项。
【题干】Last summer we visited the abandoned farms____ over a hundred years ago.
A.building B.to be built
C.built D.being built
【答案】C
【解析】句意:去年夏天我们参观了废弃的农场,它们是在一百多年前建立的。考查非谓语动词。根据句子的语境和时间状语over a hundred years ago可知动作已经发生,故用动词的过去分词表被动。
【题干】You will see the products of Liu Ling alcohol____ on every avenue of Baoding.
A.advertise B.advertising
C.advertised D.having advertised
【答案】C
【解析】句意:你在保定的每条大街上都能看到刘伶醉酒的广告。本题考查非谓语动词。此处是用过去分词表被动。故选C项。
【题干】 The rare fish, _____from the cooking pot,has been returned to the sea.
A.saved B.saving
C.to be saved D.having saved
【答案】A
【解析】句意:那条从烧锅里被救出来的罕见的鱼已被放回到海中。fish和save之间是逻辑上的被动关系,过去分词表被动和完成,故填saved。
【题干】 A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano.
A.to question B.to be questioned
C.questioned D.questioning
【答案】C
【解析】句意:许多被询问的学生说他们是被迫练习弹钢琴的。此题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。students和question之间是被动关系,故排除A、D两项;B项表示要被询问,不符合语境;C项表示被询问过的,符合句意。
【题干】I'm calling to enquire about the position____ in yesterday's Chin,a Daily.
A.advertised B.to be advertised
C.advertising D.having advertised
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我打电话来是想询问一下有关昨天在《中国日报》上刊登的招聘职位的情况。本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。空格处作position酌定语,与position在逻辑上是被动关系,根据句意“职位已在昨天的报纸上被刊登”,表示被动且完成,故A项符合题意。
【题干】Children____ to difficult situations are better at handling those tasks.
A.exposing; challenging
B.exposed ; challenged
C.exposed; challenging
D.exposing ; challenged
【答案】C
【解析】句意:体验过困境的孩子更擅长应对那些具有挑战的任务。第一空考查短语be exposed to,意思为“体验,接触”;challenging挑战性的。
【题干】The educational problem we are looking forward to seeing _____ should have attracted the attention of the whole country.
A.to solve B.solving
C.solved D.solve
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我们期待看到这个教育问题被解决,而它本应该引起全国各地的注意。考查非谓语动词。the educational problem和solve之间是被动关系,故选C项。
【题干】 At the routine office meeting,the headmaster insisted that the problems____ paid special attention to.
A.referred to being B.refer to being
C.refer to be D.referred to be
【答案】D
【解析】
句意:在办公例会上,校长坚持认为涉及的问题应该被格外重视。考查非谓语动词和虚拟语气。本题中insist后接(should+)动词原形,而refer to与the problems之间是被动关系,所以要用过去分词。故选D项。
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