【牛津译林版】讲练结合 模块5 Unit 3 Science versus nature 单元知识与能力提升和达标测评（解析版）

【题干】
They are newcomers after all，so we must help them to themselves to our school．
A．adopt B．adapt
C．avoid D．admit
【答案】B
【解析】句意：他们毕竟是新来这儿的，所以我们必须帮助他们适应我们的学校。考查动词词义辨析。adapt to适应，符合题意，故选B项。A．领养；C．避免；D．承认。
【题干】—What made her so sad She kept crying all the time．
—____to the ball．
A．Without being invited B．Be not invited
C．Not being invited D．Having not been invited
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——什么让她那么伤心？她一直都在哭。——没有被邀请参加舞会。考查动名词作主语。完整的句子结构是Not being invited to the ball made her so sad．
【题干】Before the College Entrance Examination， some students have Shown_____ of tension．Some have trouble in sleeping while others have lost their appetite．
A．anxiety B．marks
C．signs D．remarks
【答案】C
【解析】句意：在高考前，一些学生表现出紧张的迹象。有的睡觉有困难，而有的没有食欲。考查名词词义辨析。A．焦虑；B．分数；C．迹象；D．评论。根据句意，应选C项。
【题干】Lucy pretended to be cheerful，_____nothing about the argument．
A．says B．said
C．to say D．saying
【答案】D
【解析】句意：Lucy假装很开心，关于这个争论什么都没有说。say的逻辑主语是Lucy，两者之间是主动关系。完整的句子应该是．．．and she said nothing about the argument．
【题干】—What do you think of smoking
—Well，just as someone puts _____，smoking kills．
A．this B．it
C．that D．one
【答案】B
【解析】答句句意：正如人们说的那样，吸烟可以要人命。考查代词。it用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词或者动词短语之后，作形式宾语，此类动词还有：enjoy，dislike，like，hate，love等。
【题干】As is well known，many deadly accidents_____ carelessness and irresponsibility．
A．lead to B．result from
C．contribute to D．result in
【答案】B
【解析】句意：大家都知道，很多致命的事故都是由粗心和不负责 任造成的。lead to导致；result from由……导致；contribute to促进；引起；result in导致。
【题干】—Did you punish him for losing your digital camera
—Yes，but I don't think I____．
A．should do that
B．needn't have done that
C．ought not to have done that
D．should have done that
【答案】D
【解析】“本不应该做而做了”用shouldn't have done，本题已经否定前移了，故选D。
【题干】Scientists_____ that if we go on polluting the earth，it will not be fit for us to live on．
A．point out B．turn out
C．try out D．put out
【答案】A
【解析】句意：科学家指出如果我们继续污染地球，它将不适合我们居住。本题考查动词词组辨析。point out“指出”，符合语境。turn out“结果是，证明是”；try out“试验”；put out“扑灭”。故选A。
【题干】On the celebration of the university's 100th birthday，he said， "I have never experienced_____ time here as a graduate of Tsinghua University．"
A．a better B．the best
C．the better D．a best
【答案】A
【解析】句意：在清华大学百年校庆的庆典上，他说：“作为清华大学的毕业生，我从来没有经历过比这更快乐的时间了。”不定冠词+形容词比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。故选A项。
【题干】The plan for a high-rise building was carried out_____ local opposition．
A．instead of B．regardless of
C．on account of D．in addition to
【答案】B
【解析】句意：不顾当地的反对，高层建筑的计划被执行。考查短语辨析。instead of替代，而不是；regardless of不管，不顾；on account of由于；in addition to除了。
【题干】I do hope the film _____ tomorrow will be much more wonderful than the one_____ yesterday．
to show；shown
B．to be shown；being shown
C．to be shown；shown
D．to show；having been shown
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我的确希望明天放的电影比昨天放的电影更精彩。film和show之间是被动关系，第一空是指尚未放映，用不定式的被动形式；第二空指昨天已经放映过，用过去分词形式。
【题干】The photographer needs to charge up the digital camera every day as the battery _____ quickly．
A．shuts up B．ends up
C．runs out D．turns out
【答案】C
【解析】句意：摄影师需要每天给数码相机充电，因为电池很快就会耗光。考查动词短语辨析。shut up闭嘴；end up最终成为，run out用尽；turn out(结果)证明是。
【题干】_____ the program， they have to stay there for another two weeks．
A．Not completing
B．Not having completed
C．Not completed
D．Having not completed
【答案】B
【解析】句意：由于计划还没有完成，他们只好在那儿再待两个星期。考查非谓语动词的否定式。现在分词的完成式表示动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，not用在分词前构成否定式。not having completed the program在句中作原因状语。
【题干】_____，the computer is the greatest invention．
A．With my point of view
B．From my point of view
C．To my point of view
D．At my point of view
【答案】B
【解析】from one's point of view“依某人看来，在某人看来”，固定短语。
【题干】—You know，l met my girlfriend's parents for the first time only yesterday．
—_____ I thought you'd met them before．
A．So what B．Pardon
C．Really D．What for
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你知道吗，就在昨天我才第一次见到我女朋友的父母。——真的吗？我原以为你以前见过他们。考查情景交际。A：那又怎么样（表示对某事不关心）；B：再说一遍；C：真的吗（表示惊讶）；D：为何。A、B、D都不符合语境。故选C项。
【题干】阅读短文，根据短文内容在文章后空格中填入恰当的词。每空不超过3个单词。
Children are used to the parties that consist of junk food，loud music and the like．However， today's environmental condition is serious，so to save our environment，we need to do our bit by making small changes in our activities like planning our kids' birthday parties in an eco-friendly manner．
The first idea for the "green" birthday party is selecting a“green" location．You can put some choices in front of your child like gardens，parks and farms and let him or her select one for the party．The benefit of choosing a natural outdoor location is that it doesn't require much decoration，which will save your money．Also，it'll bring your child close to nature．
Secondly，go "green" while you're listing out the required materials for the party．Use reusable and recyclable materials like cloth table covers instead of plastic． For decorations， avoid plastics by using natural things like plants，candles，etc．What's more，you can avoid using paper invitations and invite people by sending e-mail
invitations to them．
Thirdly，plan the food according to the green theme．Serve delicious but healthy food to the guests．Fruits，vegetables and nuts can be the most appropriate parts in party food as they taste great，and are extremely healthy．Home-made cakes will also serve the purpose very well．
Lastly， conduct“green“ activities． For giving children a learning experience，take them on a trip to the nearest farm and let them see the working system there．After the learning experience，let them play together in a park．Also children can make up stories which you can write down for them．These written pages will be colored by the kids and will be their return gifts．
Plan a unique but wonderful birthday party for your kid and enjoy it．lf we all contribute to this cause，soon we'll see our earth back in her green coat．
1 for Our Kids
●Reason
Today's 2 makes it necessary to plan our kids' birthday parties in an eco-friendly way．
● 3
◎Selecting a “green“ location
Letting your child choose a natural outdoor location，which not only saves money but also allows your kid to get 4
◎Using " green" materials
． Using natural materials that can be 5
． Inviting people to the party by 6 instead of using paper invitations
◎Planning the food based on 7
． Preparing delicious but healthy food like fruits， vegetables and nuts
． 8 at home
◎ 9
． Taking children to a farm or park t0 10
． Taking down stories created by children，which will be their return gifts after being colored
● Benefits
Planning a unique but wonderful birthday party helps save the earth．
【答案】1．Eco-friendly／“Green”Birthday Party
2．serious environmental， condition
3．Ideas／Methods
4．close to nature
5．reused and recycle
6．sending e-mails
7．the green them
8．Making cakes
9．Conducting“reen”activities
10．learn or play
【解析】1． 由第一段中的kids'birthday parties in an eco-friendly manner可知答案。
2．由第一段中的today's environmental condition is serious可知答案。
3．答案出现在第二段的首句。
4．答案出现在第二段的末句。
5．由第三段中的Use reusable and recyclable materials可知答案。
6．答案出现在第三段的末句。
7．答案出现在第四段的首句。
8．由第四段中的Home-made cakes可知答案。
9．答案出现在第五段的首句。
10．据第五段的内容作答。
【题干】阅读下面的短文并用英语回答问题 （请注意问题后的字数要求 ）。
[1] Nowadays the cost of a new car has fallen in real terms so that it is cheaper than ever to own one，and better road conditions have also attracted more drivers．The result is overcrowding on the
road system，which is one of the problems the local governments are faced with．
[2] When people travel to other towns，the problem might be relieved by getting them to park outside the town．Buses could be provided to take them into the centre．These Park and Ride projects
are increasingly popular in the UK．At Southerton，for example，a council-funded project led to a 15% drop in city centre traffic over five months．
[3] What the council found， though， was that the project proved somewhat unpopular with shop owners in the area outside the centre．Many of their shops relied on passing car drivers for some of their trade．As the number of people driving past dropped，so did their incomes．
[4] Making car driving expensive is another way of_____________．Road taxes tend to mean that people use their cars less．Fining drivers who are in areas where cars have been．banned can also tend to encourage them to leave their cars behind．
[5] However，one thing has to be got right for any solution to succeed．lf we expect people to give up the habit of driving，we must give them an alternative they can rely on．Constant delays，unannounced changes to the timetable and sudden cancellations all discourage people from using public transport．People will only see it as a real choice if the buses and trains are on time．
1．What causes overcrowding on the road system according to Paragraph l （no more than 12 words）
____________________________________________________________________
2．What should people do when traveling to other towns according to the Park and Ride projects （no more than 14 words）
____________________________________________________________________________
3．Why were some shop owners unhappy about the project （no more than 10 words）
____________________________________________________________________________
4．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4．（no more than 8 words）
____________________________________________________________________________
5．Why are people unwilling to use public transport according to Paragraph 5 （no more than 8 words）
____________________________________________________________________________
【答案】1．The reduced/lowered cost of a new car and better road conditions．
2．They should park outside the town，and take the bus to the centre．
3．Their incomes dropped because fewer people drove past．
4．encouraging people to use public transport more/encouraging people to use their cars less/relieving the problem( of overcrowding)
5．Because public transport is not reliable/satisfactory．
【解析】1．根据第一段第一句话中的the cost of a new car has fallen及and better road conditions可知答案。
2．根据第二段的描述：…by getting them to park outside the town．Buses could be provided to take them into the centre．可知答案。
3．根据第三段的最后一句话可知开车路过的司机少了，于是这些路边店主的收入就下降了。这样他们就不高兴了。
4．注意空格前是介词of，后跟”．-ing形式作宾语。后面提出提高开车上路的税收和对乱停放车辆司机的处罚，这些都是鼓励人们少开私家车而改为乘坐公交车以便缓解交通拥挤。
5．最后一段列举了公共交通的几个缺点和劣势，人们认为只有公共交通真的准时了，公共交通才会成为人们出行的选择。所以人们觉得公共交通不可靠。
语法填空
【题干】 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was in a parking lot when a man approached me asking for help with 1 （direct）．He couldn't find his hotel．I showed him 2 （ exact） where he needed to go．He mentioned he had tried going there， 3___ he just couldn't locate his hotel．After reading his 4 （inform），l showed him the way．He thanked me with a big smile，shook my hand and left．As I drove I realized something was wrong with the way-he must have been___5 the wrong city! I should find him． Unfortunately，because it was the rush hour，the chances of ___6__（find） him were little．But I thought I'd give it a try．I parked my car and gave much 7 （consider） to what else I could do．Just then he drove right by；I was still 8 （confuse）about where he was．When I stopped before him，he couldn't believe it．“ 9 do you find me “ he asked．”I'm not sure，but I figure out you are in the wrong city!"I showed him the right city，and after 10 （ many） smiles，laughs and a handshake，we parted．
____2．____3．____4．____5．
____7．____8____9．____10．
【答案】1．Directions 2．Exactly 3．but
4．Information 5．In 6．Finding 7．consideration
8．Confused 9．How 10．more
【解析】1．从后面的He couldn't find his hotel．可知那个人想知道他要去的方向，此处给出的是动词direct，而前面是介词with，所以此处要用名词形式；并且此处要用其复数形式，因为问的是他通往旅馆的“方向”，所以此处要用directions。
2．前面的showed为动词过去式，修饰动词要用副词，所以此处要用exactly。
3．前面的He mentioned he had tried going there和后面的he just couldn't locate his hotel之间是转折关系，所以要用but。
4．前面的his是形容词性物主代词，所以后面要用名词，动词inform的名词形式为information。
5．考查介词。此处表示在错误的城市里，故填in。
6．由于of是介词，所以其后要用动名词形式，因此填finding。
7．前面是gave much，所以此处要用consider的名词形式，也就是consideration。
8．作者对那个人在什么地方感到“迷惑”，此处给出的词是动词，要用其形容词形式，也就是confused。
9．How从上文可以看出作者认为在交通高峰期找到那个人是很难的，当作者找到那个人后，那个人想知道作者是“如何”找到的，所以此处要用how。
10．此处要用many的比较级形式more。
完型填空
【题干】Canadian smartphone maker Research In Motion（ RIM） ，which makes the BlackBerry，says it's back．The company is 16 to reclaim a market it once dominated by 17 two new devices．The last few years has been a painful time for the company as customers deserted its platform in 18 of newer and more 19___ devices．This may be the company's last chance to 20 a vital player in an increasingly crowded marketplace．
Two brand new devices are perhaps a fresh 21 for a company that has seen its global market share 22 _from 20 percent three years ago to just over 3 percent today．
For BlackBerry CEO Thorsten Heins，it's another chance to remake the faded 23 ．"We have 24 been on a journey of transformation，not only a journey to transform our business and our brand， 25 one that I truly 26 will transform mobile communications into true mobile computing，"he said．
The company promises the same 27 level of network security the BlackBerry is known for， 28 a fast new browser and a more intuitive operating system．The Zl0 29 much like the touch-screen phones popularized by its competitors（竞争者） ，but the Z10 maintains the " qwerty" keyboard that has become
BlackBerry's trademark．
Besides the technical and cosmetic （外观上的） updates， Heins says the company will no longer be called RIM or Research In Motion．
"Our customers use a BlackBerry，our 30 work for Black-Berry and our shareholders are owners of BlackBerry．From today on，we are BlackBerry 31 in the world，"he said．
Shareholders will be watching if customers 32 the new devices．The company's stock has dropped as much as 90 percent in the last four years as it lost 33 to competitors．But company shares have doubled in the last four months as anticipation（预期） 34 for the new models．
Analysts say the new devices could make or 35 a company，which many people praise for starting the technological revolution in smartphones．
16．A．refusing B．trying C．urging D．pretending
17．A．introducing B．reviewing C．rejecting D．discovering
18．A．favor B．charge C．honor D．defense
19．A．popular B．expensive C．complicated D．familiar
20．A．replace B．react C．remain D．reset
21．A．record B．dilemma C．end D．start
22．A．lose B．increase C．rise D．fall
23．A．brand B．trade C．technique D．phone
24．A． specially B．definitely C．doubtfully D．essentially
25．A．and B．or C．but D．so
26．A．agree B．believe C．suspect D．deny
27．A．high B．average C．backward D．normal
28．A．except for B．regardless of
C．apart from D．along with
29．A．sounds B．smells
C．looks D．finds
30．A．employees B．consumers C．relatives D．competitors
31．A．however B．whenever
C．nowhere D．everywhere
32．A．adapt B．adjust
C．adopt D．advocate
33．A．land B．ground
C．soil D．earth
34．A．dropped B．changed
C．remained D．grew
35．A．desert B．abandon
C．break D．deny
【答案】16．B 17．A 18．A 19．A 20．C 21．D 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．C
30．A 31．D 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．C
【解析】16．根据上文内容RIM又回来了，作为一个企业，卷土重来就意味着要尽力开拓市场。try to do尽力做某事，符合语境。refuse拒绝；urge敦促；pretend假装。
17．作为一个手机生产商，想要重新开拓市场，只有通过推出新的产品。introduce原意为“介绍”，此处意为“将……投放市场”，符合本题题意。review复习，回顾；reject拒绝，抵制；discover发现。
18．根据语境，最近几年公司日子不好过，顾客支持其他品牌更新的、更受欢迎的设备，从而放弃了黑莓。in favor of支持，赞成，符合题意。in charge of管理，掌控；in honor of为向……致敬；in defense of保卫……。
19．黑莓被淘汰的原因就是消费者支持更新的、更受欢迎的设备。popular受欢迎的，符合题意。expensive昂贵的；complicated复杂的；familiar熟悉的。
20．根据上文内容，黑莓想要通过推出新产品重新开拓市场，这或许是它保住自己在这日益拥挤的市场上的地位的最后一次机会。
21．根据上文黑莓公司要重新开拓市场，因此它新推出的两款设备对该公司来说是新的开始。start开始，开端，符合题意。
22．黑莓公司全球的市场份额从三年前的20qv到现在的仅3%多一点，这明显是个下降，故选fall“下降”。
23．黑莓作为以前的一个知名品牌，而今由于市场份额的下降，品牌的知名度正在变小。而现在又是重塑这一已经衰落的品牌的机会。faded brand已经衰落的品牌。
24．黑莓要重塑品牌，必须进行转变，因此公司的CEO说他们肯定已经在转型的路上。definitely肯定地，符合题意。specially特别地；doubtfully怀疑地；essentially必要地。
25．结合前文not only可知此处选but，构成not only．．．but( also)…结构，表示“不仅……而且……”。
26．他们的转变不仅仅表现在业务和品牌上，他还相信这种转变是把手机交流转变成真正的移动电脑。这是黑莓CEO所坚信的内容，故选believe“相信”。agree同意；suspect怀疑；deny否定。
27．根据后文内容，以前的黑莓以网络安全性能著称。现在公司承诺同样高水平的网络安全保证。故选high“高的”。
28．跟同样高水平的网络安全一起被提供的还有全新的高速浏览器和更直观的操作系统。along with与……一道，符合题意。
29．结合后文内容，黑莓Zl0看上去像触屏手机，但它还保留了传统的标准键盘，这已经是黑莓的品牌标志，故选C，look看起来。sound听起来；smell闻起来；find发现。
30．根据上下文内容，顾客使用黑莓，持股者是黑莓的主人，那么为黑莓工作的应该是该公司的雇员，故选A，employee雇员。Consumer消费者；relative亲戚；competitor竞争者。
31．根据黑莓CEO所说的话：从今天起，在世界的每个地方我们都是黑莓。故选everywhere“每个地方”。
32．持股者非常关心公司的业绩，因此他们将会关注新产品的销量，也就是说会观察顾客是否会选用这款新的设备。故选adopt“采用”。adapt改编，适应；adjust调整；advocate提倡，主张。
33．在过去的四年里黑莓的股票下跌了90%，其根本原因就是黑莓在市场竞争中不敌他们的竞争对手。故选lose ground to“输给”。其余选项均搭配不当。
34．在过去的四个月里，由于对新型黑莓手机的期望在增长，公司股票又翻倍了。故选D，grow增长。drop下降；change改变；remain保留。
35．分析人士说新的设计能够成就一个公司，也能够毁掉一个公司。根据常识一个新产品成功就能成就一个公司，失败就能毁掉一个公司。故选break“破坏”。desert遗弃；abandon放弃；deny否认。
阅读理解
【题干】 Most damagingly，anger weakens a person's ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour．The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger．
Not everyone experience anger in the same way；what angers one person may amuse another．The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces．In contemporary culture，physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated．We no longer regard duels（决斗） as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person's awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another．
Anger can be identified in the brain，where the electrical activity changes．Under most conditions，EEG（脑电图） measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal（额叶前部） areas．Behaviourally this corresponds to the general evenhanded disposition（意向 ） that most of us possess most of the time．But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren't balanced and，as a result of this，we're likely to react．And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions，
whether positive or negative．
Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour：we move closer to people we like．Most negative emotions，in contrast，are associated with avoidance behaviour：we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious．But anger is an exception to this pattern．The angrier we are，the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger．This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as offensive anger：the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger．This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry（不对称） of EEG activity．Interestingly，this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy（同感） towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response．In defensive anger，in contrast，the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation．
1．The "duels" example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger____．
A．usually has a biological basis
B．varies among people
C．is socially and culturally shaped
D．influences one's thinking and evaluation
2．What changes can be found in an angry brain
A．Balanced electrical activity can be spotted．
B．Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas．
C．Electrical activity corresponds to one's behaviour．
D．Electrical activity agrees with one's disposition．
3．Which of the following is typical of offensive anger
A．Approaching the source of anger． B．Trying to control what is disliked．
C．Moving away from what is disliked．
D．Feeling helpless in the face of anger．
4．What is the key message of the last paragraph
A．How anger differs from other emotions．
B．How anger relates to other emotions．
C．Behavioural responses to anger．
D．Behavioural patterns of anger．
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D
【解析】1．推理判断题。根据该段中关于“决斗”的描述：在当代文化背景下，愤怒的情绪通过肢体去表达通常被认为对社会有害而不被容忍。由此我们推断出“决斗”这种发泄愤怒的方式是一种特定文化下的产物，同时也是在某一种社会环境下出现的。由此可知“愤怒”的表达方式是在一定文化和社会背景下形成的，答案为C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段的But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren't balanced．．．可知：当我们愤怒的时候，脑电图就会显示我们额叶前部的左右部分不再平衡。所以答案为B项。
3．A细节理解题。根据第四段中的The angrier we are，the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger．即我们越愤怒就越有可能去接近让我们愤怒的目标，可知答案为A项。
4．D主旨大意题。根据该段的前两句话中的approach behaviour和avoidance behaviour可知最后一段就是描述了人们在愤怒时的不同表现形式，所以答案为D项。
【题干】 A
In 1943，when I was 4，my parents moved from Coeur d'Alene，Idaho，to Fairbanks，Alaska，where adventure was never very far away．
We arrived in the summer，just in time to enjoy the midnight sun．All that sunlight was fantastic for Mom's vegetable garden．Working in the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off，so she didn't care much about my bedtime．
Dad was a Railway Express agent and Mom was his clerk．That left me in a mess．I usually managed to find some trouble to get into．Once I had a little fire going in the dirt basement of a hotel．I had tried to light a barrel（桶） of paint but couldn't really get a good fire going．The smoke got pretty bad，though，and when I made my exit，a crowd and the police were there to greet me．The policemen took my matches and drove me home．
Mom and Dad were occupied in the garden and Dad told the police to keep me，and they did! I had a tour of the prison before Mom rescued me．I hadn't turned 5 yet．
As I entered kindergarten， the serious cold began to set in．Would it surprise you to know that I soon left part of my tongue on a metal handrail at school
As for Leonhard Seppala， famous as a dog sledder （驾雪橇者） ，I think I knew him well because I was taken for a ride with his white dog team one Sunday．At the time I didn't realize what a superstar he was，but I do remember the ride well．l was wrapped（包裹） heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather．
In 1950，we moved back to Coeur d'Alene，but we got one more Alaskan adventure when Leonhard invited us eight years later by paying a visit to Idaho to attend a gathering of former neighbors of Alaska．
36．What can be inferred about the author's family
A．His father was a cruel man．
B．His parents didn't love him．
C．His parents used to be very busy．
D．His mother didn't have any jobs．
37．What happened when the author was 4
A．He learned to smoke．
B．He was locked in a basement．
C．He was arrested by the police．
D．He nearly caused a fire accident．
38．Which of the following is true
A．Leonhard was good at driving dog sleds．
B．The author spent his whole childhood in Alaska．
C．Leonhard often visited the author's family after 1950．
D．The author suffered a lot while taking the dog sled in Alaska．
39．What is the author's purpose of writing the text
A．To look back on his childhood with adventures．
B．To describe the extreme weather of Alaska．
C．To express how much he misses Leonhard．
D．To show off his pride in making trouble．
【答案】36．C 37．D 38．A 39．A
【解析】36．推理判断题。根据第三段的描述“父母忙于工作没时间管我，于是我就自己去找一些麻烦”可推断出作者的父母当时很忙，所以答案为C项。
37．细节理解题。根据第三段的描述“我试图点燃一桶油漆，可是火没有真的着起来，倒是冒出了很多的烟，就连警察都到了现场”可知在作者4岁那年差点酿成一场火灾，所以答案为D项。
38．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的描述“那个时候我不知道他到底是多大的一个超级明星，但是我分明记得他驾驶雪橇的技术很好”可知答案为A项。
39．主旨大意题。作者写本文是在回忆自己在阿拉斯加度过的那段充满冒险的童年时光，通过几个印象深刻的例子突出了作者对那段时光的留恋，所以答案为A项。
【题干】 B
Similar things continuously happened in Haiti and Chile．Thousands of people were buried in the earthquake and lost their lives．What if we could have warned them People are always trying hard to find a way of preventing building collapsing （倒塌）． Better materials and technology help，but are not a solution．Just like humans，a building has its own life circle from " birth" to " death"．If we know when a building is going to collapse，we can repair it in advance or get out before it falls．
Now，scientists at the University of Illinois have developed a material that turns red before it breaks．The invention could be used in things like climbing ropes，or bridge supports．The secret behind the color-changing material is a type of molecule （分子）．A molecule is a group of atoms held together by chemical bonds（化学键）．Imagine you and your friends standing in a circle，holding hands．Each person stands for one atom，your hands represent the bonds，and the entire circle represents a molecule．If one person lets go．of his or her hands，the molecule changes color．The research team put the molecule into a soft material．When the researchers stretched（拉紧） the material，it turned bright red a few seconds before it broke into two pieces．When they repeatedly stretched and relaxed the material，without breaking it，it only turned a little red．
The major problem is，light can get rid of the red color．When the team shone a bright light on the molecule，the broken bond was fixed，and the color disappeared．lf bright light keeps the red color from appearing，the material's warning system will be useless．Scientists still have a lot of work to do before the color-changing molecule can be used outside the lab．
40．The passage mainly talks about_____．
A．a way of preventing buildings from breaking down
B．a way of warning before buildings collapse
C．a series of earthquakes in Haiti and Chile
D．a newly-discovered structure of a molecule
41．According to the passage，we can conclude that_____．
A．scientists have found the life circle of buildings from "birth" to "death"
B．there are problems to solve before putting the new material to use
C．bright light makes the red color visible to human eyes
D．the new material is unlikely to be used in building bridges
42．The color-changing molecule can_____．
A．remind people to leave buildings before they fall
B．help building materials get stretched if necessary
C．prevent the earthquake from killing people
D．make building materials much stronger
43．The warning system is based on the fact that_____．
A．red color won't show up when it meets bright light
B．a building has its own life circle
C．a material with a certain type of molecule can turn red when stretched
D．the broken bond will fix itself when a molecule meets bright light
【答案】40．B 41．B 42．A 43．C
【解析】40．主旨大意题。本文从海地和智利发生地震的事实引出建筑物倒塌前发出预警的话题，下文紧接着介绍了一种在断裂之前颜色会变红但仍处于研发阶段的新型材料，所以本文主要讲的是在建筑物倒塌之前的一种预警方式。
41．B推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句的内容可知这种新型材料在应用之前还有许多问题需要解决。
42．A推理判断题。第二段中提到这种新型材料在断裂之前会出现明显的颜色变化，而造成颜色变化的根本原因是一种分子的颜色发生了改变，由此可推断这种能够改变颜色的分子可以提醒人们在建筑物倒塌之前离开。
43．细节理解题。结合第二段第三句以及其后的内容可知警报系统依据的是含有一种拉伸时能变成红色的分子的物质。
【题干】 C
People aren't walking any more-if they can figure out a way to avoid it．
I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel．The journey is a matter of 281 steps．But I used the car．And I wasn't in any hurry，either．I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness：motorosis．
It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune （免疫的 ） ，for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs．At that time，we regarded 25 miles as a good day's walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as a sign of strength and skill．It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship．And the effect was lasting．When I was 45 years old I raced-and beat-a teenage football player the 168 steps up the Statue of Liberty．
Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle-aged persons as bad for the heart．But a well-known British physician，Sir Adolphe Abrahams，pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper exercise．A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly．And walking is an ideal form of exercise-the most familiar and natural of all．
It was Henry Thoreau．who showed mankind the richness of going on foot．The man walking can learn the trees，flowers，insects，birds and animals， the significance of seasons， the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world．He cannot learn in a car．
The car is a convenient means of transport，but we have made it our way of life．Many people don't dare to approach Nature any more；to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat．To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete road．And much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green．
I say that the green of forests is the mind's best light．And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting．
44．What is the national sickness
A．Walking too much．
B．Traveling too much．
C．Driving cars too much．
D．Climbing stairs too much．
45．What was life like when the author was young
A．People usually went around on foot．
B．People often walked 25 miles a day．
C．People used to climb the Statue of Liberty．
D．People considered a ten-hour walk as a hardship．
46．The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that_____．
A．middle-aged people like getting back to nature
B．walking in nature helps enrich one's mind
C．people need regular exercise to keep fit
D．going on foot prevents heart disease
47．What is compared to" a steel river" in Paragraph
A．A queue of cars．
B．A ray of traffic light．
C．A flash of lightning．
D．A stream of people．
【答案】44．C 45．A 46．B 47．A
【解析】44．细节理解题。由第二段最后一句I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness：motorosis．可知，国民的通病就是开车太多。
45．细节理解题。由第三段中for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs可知，作者小时候的传统就是无论去哪里都靠两条腿，故选择A项。
46．推理判断题。根据第五段的描述可知，步行可以使人更好地了解自然和自我。由此可推断作者引用Henry Thoreau的例子就是为了证明步行能丰富人的思维。故选B。
47．词义猜测题。由画线词后面的内容“thundering on a concrete road在混凝土路面上轰隆隆地移动”可猜测出，作者在这里把a steel river比作川流不息的车队。
【题干】 D
Facebook-A Social Network Website
Most young people know that Facebook is a free access to Internet social networking websites popular among teenagers and adults，too．It was founded by a Harvard University student named Mark Zuckerberg and launched on Feb．4，2004．Initially，it was intended only as a networking site for Harvard's campus community，
providing a handy tool to help everyone on campus-students，faculty，and other staff-get to know each other．Almost immediately，it expanded to include Stanford，Columbia，and Yale Universities，and then several more Ivy League Schools（带青藤学校 ）． Now， Facebook has developed into a vast social network for anyone over the age of 13，with more than 65 million active users．
As the name suggests，faces are an integral（必需的） part of the website，and of social networking，too，one could say．Facebook．com is the top Internet site for uploading photos，with 14 million photos uploaded every day! People continue to expand their personal profiles with photos，though a feature that allows blogging was soon added to the site．Some of the other features now include a Marketplace site， allowing users to post free classified ads． Similarly，under other network headings，people can let others know about events and post videos．There is even a way to send friends virtual "gifts"—such as a happy face balloon，heart-shaped boxes of
virtual chocolates，and dog bones from Facebook's virtual gift shops!In this way，Facebook has increased in popularity and broadened its usership，and it has increased its value for the owner．So far，Zuckerberg has declined to sell his site （ competitor networking site Myspace．com was sold to News Corp） even though he has received
offers of up to a billion dollars!
But sometimes success can lead to a downfall of sorts! Facebook is not without controversy．Ironically（其有讽刺意味的是） ，at least one university has blocked access to the site， saying that logging onto Facebook violates its acceptable use policy．The government of Ontario blocked access to the site for its public employees
in 2007．Privacy is a big problem．In some cases， the identities of people，such as those involved in crimes as victims，are released to the public through posts on such sites，even before the permission of the police．There are instances of embarrassing or even unlawful． materials being posted， resulting in real damages to people's reputations，sometimes with tragic results．
Moreover，as some people have become more and more interested in chatting with their new online friends，their real-life relationships have suffered．Psychologists are seeing an increase in problems among people who are addicted to such sites．Criticisms against the use of these social networking sites are now occurrinng，and oncedevoted fans of sites like Facebook are committing" Facebook Suicide"-saying virtual goodbye to their virtual friends and returning to their real life and enjoying the real warmth and rewards that only face-to-face friendship can offer．
48．What's the initial purpose of founding Facebook
A．To develop it into a vast social network．
B．To provide a free access to Internet websites．
C．To help people get to know each other easily．
D．To offer a study tool for everyone on campus．
49．What is the author's major concern about Facebook
A．Addicts returning to real-life friendship．
B．Crime victims suffering from tragic results．
C．Devoted fans committing "Facebook Suicide"．
D．Personal information leaking through Facebook．
50．Which of the following words can best describe the author's attitude
A．Objective． B．Ironical．
C．Optimistic． D．Doubtful．
【答案】48．C 49．D 50．A
【解析】48．细节理解题。根据第一段第三句Initially，it was intended only as a networking site for Harvard's campus community，providing a handy tool to help everyone on campus-students，faculty．and other staff-get to know each other．可知，创建Facebook的最初目的是帮助人们彼此了解，C项符合原文表述。
49．细节理解题。根据第三段第五句Privacy is a big problem．以及后面的例子可知，作者主要关注的是隐私问题，大量的个人信息通过Facebook泄露，故选D项。
50．主旨大意题。通览全文，文章介绍了Facebook网站的建立、优势和缺点以及对人们生活的影响等方面，所有描述都没有掺杂作者个人的情感喜好，因此可以推断作者的态度较为客观。objective客观的；ironical嘲讽的；optimistic乐观的；doubtful怀疑的。故选A项。
【题干】假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意，请给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容）。
注意：1．词数100左右。
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．参考词汇：住宿-accommodation
Dear Sir／Madam，
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
【范文】
Dear Sir／Madam，
①I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation．I've seen your ad，and I'd like to know something more about your six-we course．②First，when will the course start and how many class hours are there per week ③Besides，I wish there would not be too many students in a class．④I’d also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included．Would there be host family or university dormitory？
I am looking forward to your early reply．
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
【题干】 调查显示，中国长江江豚（ finless porpoise）受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，目前总数不足1000只。假设你是李华，现请用英文给WWF（世界自然保护基金组织）写一封信，请他们关注这一状况并提供帮助。内容应包括：
●说明写信目的
●简述江豚现状
●希望WWF如何帮助（比如：资助江豚保护项目等）
●表示感谢并期待回复
注意：（1）词数不少于80；
（2）书信格式及开头均已给出（不计入总词数）。
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm a student from Chongqing，China．______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【范文】
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm a student from Chongqing，China．I am writing to keep you informed of something about the severe situation that finless porpoises，a kind of rare and lovely animals,，are faced with presently．
It's because of human activities that finless porpoises are endangered．It's amazing that there are merely less than l,000 finless porpoises living in China．Thus，it’s high time that immediate measures should be taken．Don't you think so If possible，I hope you can help us by funding our project aimed at protecting finless porpoises．With your　financial aid，I am convinced more finless porpoises will survive．I would appreciate it greatly if you considered my application．
Looking forward to your early reply．
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
【题干】前不久，学校学生会向高三学生发出倡议：十八岁的生日时，请为你们的父母做一件事。同学们积极响应，纷纷表达自己的做法。请根据以上信息，以“Something Special for Parents”为题用英语写一篇100—120词的短文。内容包括：
1．描述以上有关学生会倡议的信息和同学们的反应；
2．作为一名高三学生的你的做法及理由。
注意：1．短文的标题和开头已给出（不计入词数）；
2．可以适当增加内容。
Something Special for Parents
Not long ago，Student Union in our school advocated that．．．
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
【范文】
One possible version：
Something Special for Parents
Not long ago， Student Union in our school advocated that Senior Three students should do something special for their parents on their 18th birthday．All the students were actively in response to it and most of them have come up with their ideas．Some choose to　write a letter，saying it's the best way to express their appreciation　as well as love for their dearest parents．Others prefer to cook a big　meal to show that they've already grown up．
As for me，I tend to do up hair，wash feet and cut fingernails　for my parents．By doing what parents have been doing for me I can　really know how much love they devote to bringing me up．Also，being eighteen years old means it's time that I should take responsibility to take care of them．