2022年中考英语语法复习-冠词课件(共32张PPT)

(共32张PPT)
中考语法专题复习
冠词
冠词的概念：
中考考点：
冠词(虚词)，不能单独使用，放在名词之前，用来说明名词指的人或事物。冠词分为不定冠词，定冠词。
1.a / an的使用
2.必用the的情况
3.不用冠词的情况（零冠词）
4.the +形容词时，表一类人，谓语用复数
冠词知识导图
一、不定冠词a/an
（一）区别a: 用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前an: 用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前拓展：原音字母a.e.i.o.u的特殊情况
Aa an apple
Ee an English book/teacher/dictionary/an egg
Ii an idea/an important meeting/an interesting book
Oo an orange/ an official/ an old manan /outgoing girl
Uu a “u”/ a useful book/ a university students
an umbrella/ an unusual story
特别 不规则：an honest person/ an hour/an honor
以元音音素开头的字母：a/e/f/h/i/l/m/n/o/r/s/x
跟踪训练：
__a___ useful book __an___ 11 - year-old boy
__a___ bad apple __an___ ID card
__an___ unusual thing __an___ easy job
__an___ “S” __a___ “U”
__an___ e-mail __an___ idea
（二） 基本用法
1) I bought _______ useful book. ______ book is about how to keep healthy.
2) ________ horse is bigger than a rabbit.
3) I decided to learn ________ second language _______ this term.
4) I hear that it’s quite ______ expensive watch. Let me take ________ look.
a
The
A
a
/
an
a
1.“一个”、
2. “一类”
3.“第一次出现的人/物”
4.a 与序数词连用
5.固定搭配 （补充） a kind of give sb a hand
have a good time have a picnic in a word
have a rest for a while be in a good mood
与 “1”有关
一般用法
1)特指；“这个… 那些…”
this/that/these/those
n. 后面有定语/定从
2) 双方熟悉的
3) 前文提及的
4) 独一无二的
5) the + adj. 表一类人
6) the +序数词、最高级
his fifteenth birthday
7) the + 姓的复数
8) 乐器前
9) 专有名词
特殊用法
固定搭配
二、定冠词the
定冠词：the
一般用法
1) the+比较级， the + 比较级
2) the + 比较级 of the two
3) in the 1980s
4) one of the students
two hundred of the
students
5.习惯用语
特殊用法
固定搭配
固定搭配补充：
at the age of 当...岁时
on the right / left 在右/左边
on the one hand 另一方面
to tell the truth 说实在的
at the beginning/end of 在...开头/结尾
三、零冠词
1. 专有名词、不可数名词 China/Japanese
2.指示代词或物主代词前(this /that/my /your 前）
3. 三餐/球类运动前basketball/breafast/chess
4.年、月、季节、星期、日期、节日(spring)前
5. 交通工具前（by bike/train)
6. 固定搭配（by air/at night)
1-5 CABAB
6-10 DAACB
11-15 ACCDD
跟踪训练
This is ___ useful book. I’ve read it for ___ hour.
2. ___ elephant is much heavier than___ horse.
3. ____ doctor told him to take ____medicine
three times ___ day.
4. Let’s go out for ____ walk.
5. There is ____ woman over there. _____ woman is
Meimei’s mother.
6. _____ sun rises in ____ east.
7. _____ Changjiang River is ____ longest river
in ____ China.
8. Are you going to do it ____second time
a
an
An
a
The
the
a
a
a
The
The
the
The
the
/
a
作业本冠词 P144
单选
1-5 BCCAD 6-10 BAACC
11-18 DDAB BCDD
语篇
A 1-4 BAAB
B 1. time 2. how 3. better 4. Make
5. clearly 6. because 7. on 8. means
中考语法专题复习
数词
考点：
1.基数词的表达-大的数字
2.序数词的写法
3.时间，分数、百分数
4.基数词和序数词的基本意义和用法
5.不定冠词与数词的应用。
表示数目的多少或顺序次第的词叫数词
一、基数词，序数词的表达
eleven; twelve;
three- thirteen-thirty
four-- fourteen-forty
five-- fifteen-- fifty
eight- eighteen- eighty
nine-- nineteen--ninety
基数词的写法：
1. 1-12单独记
2. 13-19：个位+teen
特殊:13 thirteen 15 fifteen 18 eighteen
3. 20-90：个位+ty
特殊: 20 twenty 30 thirty
40 forty 50 fifty 80 eighty
4. 几十几：十位-个位
31 thirty-one 99 ninety-nine
序数词的写法
一变first, 二变second,三变third
四以后全加th, 八去t，九去e，
ve要用f替，y变i, th前有个e
写出序数词：
five→_______ twelve→__________
twenty-two→ __________
twenty-three →__________
sixty→__________
fifth
twelfth
tweney-second
sixtieth
tweney-third
二、基数词的用法
1. 基数词在句中主语，宾语，定语，表语，同位语。
The two opened the box happily .（主语）Four students are playing volleyball outside.（定语）They three tried to finish the task before sunset.（同位语）
Class One
Grade Nine
Row Five
Lesson Ten
Page Six
Room Twenty-five
Class 1
Grade 9
Row 5
Lesson10
Page 6
Room 25
Class One
Grade Nine
Row Five
Lesson Ten
Page Six
Room Twenty-five
the first class
the ninth grade
the fifth Row
the tenth lesson
the sixth page
the 25th room
2.编号表达Tips:
1)基数词在前，名在后，首字母大写；
2）可与阿拉伯数字转换
3）可与序数词转换，但未直接交换，且不大写
in 1985
in the 1980s
in the 19th century
在 1985年
在二十世纪八十年代
在19世纪
3.年份，年代表达Tips:
1) the
2）年代表达的中英互译
小试牛刀：
in the 1870s ___________________
in the 15th century __________________
在17世纪50年代 ____________________
在十九世纪七十年代
在15世纪
in the 1650s
a. 顺读法 （时针数+分针数）
7:05 ___________8:25 ____________
9:30 ______________
b. 逆读法
11:55 __________
11:55 __________
10:15 __________
10:45 _________
c. 整点 12:00____________
分钟 past 点时
分钟≥30 to+下一时钟
at _______ 5 o'clock
seven 0 five
eight twenty-five
nine thirty
a quarter past ten
a quarter to ten
five past eleven
five to twelve
twelve o'clock
about
/half past nine
4.时间表达:
1)It's five o'clok now.
____________________________
2)We will arrive in Australia at five o'clock.
____________________________
d.对钟点提问用：What's the time
What time is it.
对时间状语提问用 when/what time+一般疑问句
Exercises:
Tom got home at half past six.
__________________________________
What time is it now
When/what time will you arrive in Australia
When/what time did Tom get home
tens /hundreds/thousands/millions of...+复数名词（表不定数，several/some...
four ________ eight _________
five ___________
T or F:
1) five hundreds students （ ）
2) two hundred of people （ ）
3) several thousand visitors （ ）
4) thousands of fans （ ）
5) two hundred of the tourists （ ）
5.“数位名词复数+of”短语
hundred
thousand
million
F
F
T
T
T
辨析：
two hundred tourists
hundreds of tourists
two hundred of the tourists
根据语境和汉语意思理解确定答案，不要形成定势思维
These are _________ of students in this school. The number of them is nine _________.However, six ____________ them are from foreign countries.
hundreds
hundred
hundred of
T or F:
1) It's five-minute drive from my home to school. ( )
2)It's five minutes' drive from my home to school. ( )
3)That is a six-meters-wide bridge. ( )
4)That girl is eight-year-old. ( )
易错点： a.名词必须为单数
b.只能做定语
c.an 8/11/18/80
6. "数-名-形”→复合形容词
a
T
F
F
F
meter
She is an eight-year-old girl.
eight years old.
1)That is a six-meters-wide bridge. ×
2)That girl is eight-year-old. ×
7. "数-名-形”→复合形容词
That girl is eight years old.
That bridge is 6 meters wide.
This year, he is ____ , and today is his ________ birthday. (40)
Let's take the lift to the ________ (two) floor.
1）含义
2）结构
forty
fortieth
second
三、基数词&序数词区分
1) 1984, 8,10 → ____________
2)那个大眼睛的小女孩出身在1990年4月11日。
That girl with big eys was born ____ _______ ___,1990.
3)Today is March 23rd, 2015.对划线部分提问）
3）. 日期表达（具体某一天）
Tips:1) 月,日，年
2）日期→序数词阿拉伯数字+末尾两个字母，1st, 2nd,3rd, 11th,12th..
2015,3,23→
1998,7, 2→ July 2nd,1998
August 10th,1984
on
April 11th
March 23rd, 2015
What's the date today
4）.百分数、分数表达
1)％→percent; 小数点→point
2)分基在前；母序在后；母大于1加S
3)做主语时取决于？
65％→
79％→
ninety-six point eight percent →
13.14→
25％→
50％→
75％→



sixty-five percent
seventy-nine percent
96.8％
one fourth & a quarter
one sencond & a/one half
three fourths&three quarters
thirteen point one four
1) One third of the water ______ (be) polluted last year.
2) Nowadays fity-four percent of the poor ______ (have) no place to live in.
3) About seventy-one percent of the earth ______ (be) covered with water.
百分数、分数做主语，谓语动词取决于被修饰的名词。
was
have
is
the water
the poor
the earth
thanks!