课件175张PPT。专题二十六 记叙文型书面表达
专题二十七 议论文型书面表达
专题二十八 说明文型书面表达
专题二十九 应用文型书面表达
第四模块 书面表达目 录第四模块 书面表达第四模块 │ 考情分析 【考纲解读】
书面表达是一个高度综合性的题目,旨在考查考生的英语表达能力,看其是否能够运用所学的英语知识和掌握的技能进行思想交流。该题要求考生根据所给图表、提纲等,应用所学知识将所提示的信息组成行文连贯、文理畅通、语言得体的文章。它不但要求考生有丰富的语言语法知识,而且要有较强的语言表达能力和逻辑思维能力,是一种复合型的题型。 考情分析 【命题透视】第四模块 │ 考情分析 分析近三年的高考试题,可以看出高考书面表达有如下特点:
1.命题理念
“源于生活,高于生活”是英语书面表达近年来始终保持的主旋律。2012年高考书面表达题贴近学生实际生活,写作话题真实,学生有话可写。书面表达情景实用性程度高,每一份试卷都符合学生的认知水平和日常生活经历; 题目设计关注学生成长,注意培养学生良好的道德品质和健全的人格; 另外,所涉及话题关注社会,富有新时代特色,能唤起学生强烈的主人翁意识和责任感。第四模块 │ 考情分析这种贴近生活、立足基础、发扬个性、关注环境的设题理念仍将是未来几年高考书面表达的基本思路。
2.命题方式
试题设置均为半开放式,给考生一定提示的同时,也给考生提供了更为宽广的思维空间,使考生留有很大的自由发挥的余地,这样更能全面和客观地考查考生的语言组织和书面表达的能力。要写出一篇好的文章,考生不仅要精炼地表达所给信息,更加重要的是在自由发挥部分,要有自己独到的见解,要言之有物,言之有理,充分体现出思维的广度和深度。第四模块 │ 考情分析 3.文章体裁
主要的体裁有记叙文、应用文、说明文和议论文,尤以应用文独占鳌头。今年的高考书面表达处处体现了新课改对高考“体现英语教学的交际性、实用性和应用性,提高考生的综合语言运用能力”的要求。依然沿袭以往的风格,强调写作的目的性和实用性。 第四模块 │ 考情分析第四模块 │ 题型探究? 探究点一 提纲型
提纲类写作是近年高考英语书面表达的热点题型,命题人通常以提纲作文的形式考查书信、报道、通知、日记、发言稿、对某人或某物的介绍、欢迎词等。提纲作文的选材范围很广,内容简单易懂,且多是考生熟悉的话题。这类题型的主要特点是要点明确,范围具体。但考生也容易受中文提纲的制约,将书面表达变成了翻译,造成语法结构和词汇上的单调,甚至写出结构不完整的句子。 题型探究 1.试题特征
提纲式作文分为短文提示、要点提示和表格提示。第一种是用汉语给出一段短文提示,要求根据提示写一篇100词左右的短文,所考查的形式灵活多样,如人物介绍、地点介绍等。第二种是要点提示,这是比较常见的一种写作方式,此类题目用汉语提纲列举几个要点,提出写作要求。写作时要首先根据要点确定文章的中心思想,然后围绕中心思想和要点展开合理和适当的联想。第三种是表格提示,出题人用表格的形式给出要点,写作时我们首先要将表格中的要点扩展成一个个完整的句子,然后根据文章的中心话题和要求,把这些要点连句成文。第四模块 │ 题型探究 2.注意的问题
(1)细读提示,认真审题,把握体裁。审题应包括:审体裁,提纲作文的体裁一般有书信、报道、通知、日记等; 定人称; 定时态。
(2)紧扣主题,罗列要点。提纲式写作题“要点”似乎已经定好了,但考生仍要逐个把内容要点完整地列出来。
(3)选词造句,初步成文。在体裁明确、信息全面、要点清晰的基础上,根据要点和重点词汇的句法功能、句子的语法规则,按照提示或说明中所提供的事实和情节发展的顺序选词造句,然后将零散的句子排列成主谓一致、时态呼应、脉络分明、合乎逻辑、内容完整的短文。第四模块 │ 题型探究 3.写作步骤
中文提纲式书面表达是高考最常见的考查形式之一,一般都有较多的文字说明,这样就在一定程度上限制了考生的表述思路。我们可以从下面几个方面入手进行操作。
(1)仔细审题,明确要求
审读所给信息,弄清所要表达的内容,然后对所给信息进行整理,必要的时候可以根据要点适当调整写作顺序,以使文章行文连贯。第四模块 │ 题型探究 (2)提炼要点,写作成文
提纲式书面表达一般都只给出只言片语的提示,而不是完整的表达。此时我们就必须在大脑中将各信息点补充完整,适时使用一些短语和句型,以及各种从句。此时要记住,“有话好好说,有话慢慢说”,不要想着一蹴而就。我们有这样的体验:提纲式书面表达的写作中,我们还没写几句,就感觉所有要点都已经表达完了。在写作中一定注意避免这样的情况,要依据提示的情景将提纲中的每个要点表达清楚,以使你的习作内容完整、要点齐全、内容饱满。这就要求我们在写作时将提示的内容展开叙述,用自己熟悉的英语词汇、短语和句型来表达内容,并在必要的时候添加一些细节,以使上下文连贯。第四模块 │ 题型探究 (3)检查核实,确保无误
在提纲式书面表达的写作中,要注意抓住提示的信息,并注意进行适当发挥。表达中要注意确定句子的时态与语态,注意句式结构的正确和变化多样,适当运用短语、并列句、复合句、介词短语和副词等,以使文章饱满。
例1 [2012?四川卷]
假如你是大学一年级新生李华。开学之初,你的英语老师Ms Li希望了解每位同学的英语学习情况,并征求教学建议。请按以下要点用英语给她写一封信。
1. 对英语学习的认识;
2. 自己目前的英语水平; 第四模块 │ 题型探究 3. 自己英语学习存在的主要问题;
4. 对英语教学的两点建议。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 信的开头和结尾已给出。
Dear Ms Li,
I'm very happy to have you as our English teacher.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
Li Hua第四模块 │ 题型探究【思路点拨】
这是一封英文稿件,写作内容包括五个主要要点:
1. 对英语学习的认识;(一个要点)
2. 自己目前的英语水平;(一个要点)
3. 自己英语学习存在的主要问题;(一个要点)
4. 对英语教学的两点建议。(两个要点)
文章应围绕这五个要点合理展开,可使用适当的词句使文章衔接自然、层次分明。考生需要自己做合理的联想,可根据主题对要点进行适当发挥,内容要切合实际、符合逻辑。第四模块 │ 题型探究One possible version:
Dear Ms Li,
I am very happy to have you as our English teacher.
As the world is becoming a global village, English is getting more and more important, so mastering English means we can see the world through a new window.
My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart, and that I often feel nervous when speaking English. I really hope that you can give me good advice on how to memorize new words. 第四模块 │ 题型探究Another suggestion is to give us more chances to practice speaking. I believe we can make much progress in English with your help.
Thank you!
Li Hua第四模块 │ 题型探究? 探究点二 图画型
图画类材料作文是材料作文的一种特殊形式,是一种变“画”为文的作文方式。这种题型提供给考生的是图画或表格,要求考生在看懂图表的意思后写作文,主要训练和考查考生的观察力、思考力、创造力和表达能力。图画类材料就形式而言大体有漫画和表格两类。漫画是一种夸张变形的艺术表现形式,主要有两种类型:一种是褒贬型漫画,其中以贬义型最为常见,也就是我们所熟悉的讽刺型漫画;而另一类就是哲理型漫画,即让读者在形象或抽象的图画中引发哲理性思考。表格是对某种现象的一种客观统计,它能使读者对这种现象产生客观而全面的思索。图画类材料作文的写作类型有以下几种: 第四模块 │ 题型探究 (1)解说型:要求对图画进行说明、解析。
(2)描述型:对画面所表现的内容进行联想和想象,融合自己的“创作”,并将所构想的故事叙述出来。
(3)评判型:对褒贬型图画或是统计表格所反映的社会现象进行评判。
图画类材料作文,关键是要看懂图,因为立意拟题都离不开对图画的正确理解。第四模块 │ 题型探究 1.试题特征
(1)素材贴近生活。图画类的书面表达一般都是中学生所熟悉的场景,画面生动形象,具有趣味性,体现高考书面表达“生活化”的特点。有时候还附带有英语或汉语说明,考生易获得直观信息。
(2)文体形式多样。 图画式作文有记叙文、说明文和议论文,时态要以图画反映的内容而定。介绍人物或叙述某件事的发展过程,通常用一般过去时; 揭示或反映某个社会现象则用一般现在时。 人称一般根据画面的介绍,用第一人称或第三人称。此类作文一般都会给出关键词、文章的开头或规定场景,写作时要注意画面体现的主题及各画面之间的联系。第四模块 │ 题型探究 2.注意的问题
(1)看图记叙文的写作
看图记叙文的写作要注意把握写作素材的时间、地点、人物,以及事件的叙述,有些还需要叙述从故事中要吸取的教训或受到的教育。故事的叙述可以适当采用倒叙的方式,或按事件的发生顺序进行描写,有时可以适当使用一些对话,但不宜过多。
(2)看图议论文的写作
看图议论文的写作,首先要认真阅读图画,把握图画的意义,有时还要注意其隐含的观点与意图,并联系生活实际进行思考与阐述。第四模块 │ 题型探究议论文的写作要点是:a.观点鲜明,文章一定要有一个明确的中心论点。b.层次分明,一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持,不同层次之间要分明,过渡要清晰自然。c.最后一段一般要总结全文,得出一个符合逻辑的结论,突出中心思想。d.一般采用一般现在时。e.语言简洁有力,一般不采用口语。
(3)看图说明文的写作
对于说明文体的看图作文,要注意观察图画材料,找出所有内容,然后按一定的顺序有条理地阐述。说明文的叙述顺序一般有三种:时间顺序、空间顺序和逻辑顺序(比如按图画反映的数字大小进行叙述)。注意文章开头与结尾的呼应。第四模块 │ 题型探究 3.写作步骤
(1)针对此类题型,考生应仔细阅读图画及文字说明,首先应确定文章体裁。这类文章一般以记叙文或说明文为主。
(2)确定人称。如果以日记、回忆录等形式来写,一般采用第一人称; 如果是以讲故事的形式来写,则一般采用第三人称。但不管用哪种人称,全文都必须一致。
(3)确定时态。根据图画内容及所采用的文章体裁,确定文章所要用的时态。切记全文时态的一致性。第四模块 │ 题型探究 (4)发挥联想要合理、适度。这类文章的说明一般都要求考生做适度的联想和发挥,以便使上下文能更好地连贯起来。但联想和发挥一定要根据图画做到合情合理,不能过多地胡乱联想和发挥。
(5)虚实结合,详略得当。对于图画中的内容,该详细叙述描写的,就必须要详细、具体; 可以一笔带过的就一笔带过。比如图画中所有的时间、数字或言论须一词不漏地写清楚,而有些过程或原因则可适当简略。第四模块 │ 题型探究 例2 [2012?福建卷]
假定你是某中学生英语报的小记者,以下漫画内容是你的所见所闻,请根据要求写一篇英语短文投稿。内容要求:
1.描述漫画内容; 2.发表个人感想。
第四模块 │ 题型探究 注意:
1.短文标题与开头已给出,不计入总词数;
2.考生可适当发挥,使文章内容充实、连贯;
3.词数120左右;
4.文中不能出现考生的具体信息。
参考词汇:告示牌 sign第四模块 │ 题型探究Mind Your Behavior in Public Places
Last Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park.
______________________________________________________
【思路点拨】这是一篇看图作文,属于先叙后议的体裁,要点包括:
1. 描述漫画内容; 2. 发表个人感想。
考生在描述图片内容时,要注意图中所给的文字信息,先描写美景,再描写画中人的不文明行为,让美与丑形成鲜明对比; 发表个人感想时可适当发挥,但内容要符合逻辑,层次要分明,衔接要自然。第四模块 │ 题型探究One possible version:
Mind Your Behavior in Public Places
Last Sunday, I went sightseeing with my friends in the Fairy Lake Park. The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with the sun shining and birds singing. When I was enjoying the fantastic scenery around, something unpleasant caught my eye. A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were the only people in the world. What's worse, they spat and even threw rubbish into the lake, totally ignoring the noticeable sign “No Littering” nearby. What a shame!第四模块 │ 题型探究 Such behavior left me deep in thought. If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will be severely polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin. I think all of us should mind our behavior in public places. Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.第四模块 │ 题型探究? 探究点三 图表型
图表作文是高考书面表达较常见的考查形式之一,要求考生通过对数据、文字内容进行分析,对前后变化、正反观点进行对比,或者对某产品进行介绍,系统而准确地表达出图表所示内容,并得出令人信服的结论,比如用来说明关于生产、销售、发展进程等项目的统计变化。从写作体裁看,主要有说明文、议论文和应用文,时态一般用一般现在时。
1.试题特征
在图表作文的写作中,考生要围绕图表并将有关信息转换为文字形式,这就要求考生具有一定的数据分析和材料归纳能力。图表式作文最大的特点就是所给出的信息集中,第四模块 │ 题型探究给人一目了然的感觉。图表类书面表达的考查形式有两种:表格式和图形式。表格式图表书面表达就是将统计数据或被说明的事物直接以统计表的形式呈现出来。这类题目往往是介绍某种情况或辩论某种观点与看法,这样的体裁以说明文和议论文为主。图形式主要有:
(1)表示数据变化的曲线图。
(2)表示数据大小或数量之间差异的柱状图。
(3)表示总体结构变化的扇形图。
2.注意的问题
(1)图表和数据内容不必全部描述。
(2)善于抓住总的规律、趋势,归纳增减率。 第四模块 │ 题型探究 (3)时态:特定时间用过去时。经常出现的情况或自己的评述用一般现在时。
3.写作步骤
(1)认真阅读和掌握图表提供的信息,以及每一栏上面的小标题的标注,弄清设计者想通过图表来反映的信息、问题或现象。对于曲线图形式,要认真观察坐标系所显示的数据信息,并密切注意交汇在坐标横轴和纵轴上的数字及单位; 对于流程图形式,要按流程顺序进行适当的逻辑想象; 对柱状图和饼式图,要通过宽度相等的柱形的高度差别和各部分所占比例来判断事物的动态发展趋势,关注坐标线的刻度单位及图表旁边的提示说明; 对平面图解形式,要仔细观察,第四模块 │ 题型探究理解图表的真正含义,按一定的逻辑顺序,有层次地进行表述。
(2)在掌握了全部信息的基础上,着手分析这些信息或数据,通过分析对比,找出不同点和相似点。此时就可以开始写作了。写作的时候要注意下面几点:
①开门见山,点明图表要反映的主题。经常使用的词汇有:table, chart, figure; describe, tell, show, represent等。经常用到的句型有:As is shown in the table…/It can be seen from the table that…/It can be concluded from the graph that…/Compared with…/ According to the survey…第四模块 │ 题型探究 ②中间段落对图表的内容进行分析,可采用分类或对比的方法来表现主题,并阐明必要的理由。在叙述中要注意,切忌反复使用同一句型,切忌反复出现图表中的数据,因为这样会使你的文章显得毫无生气。要注意改换叙述的句式,注意使用不同的词语及句式。在描述图表中的变化与发展趋势时常用的短语和句型有:
快速上升:rise, increase; go up; sharply; rapidly; quickly; dramatically
缓慢下降:decrease; reduce; come down; decline; drop; fall slowly/gradually
第四模块 │ 题型探究 描述数据的时候可以用到下面这些表达或词汇:
转折:while; but; on the contrary; however
比较:compared with/to
对比:in contrast to; different from; difference between
类似:similar to; as/the same…as
递进:more than; less than
③结尾对全文进行小结,经常使用的词语及句式有:in a word, in short; generally speaking; It's clear from the …that…; Based on the description above, we can safely draw the conclusion that…第四模块 │ 题型探究 写作此类文体可以遵循如下写作模板:模板1 第四模块 │ 题型探究 模板2 第四模块 │ 题型探究 模板3 第四模块 │ 题型探究 例3 近期某网站就校车安全问题进行了一次社会调查,结果见下图。请根据图示用英语写一篇短文,介绍调查结果并谈谈你的看法,供有关部门参考。词数100左右。
第四模块 │ 题型探究 注意:文章的开头已经给出。
提示词:报废车 abandoned vehicles
Recently, a survey on school buses has been conducted on a website…
【思路点拨】 本文属图表类作文,要仔细读图和图前的文字说明。本文要求考生说明对校车的信任度和对校车的担心的调查结果。基本时态应用一般现在时。从写作步骤来看,行文可分为三段:1)对校车的信任度的数据分析; 2)对校车的担心的数据分析; 3)发表个人的观点或看法。第四模块 │ 题型探究One possible version:
Recently, a survey on school buses has been conducted on a website. As can be seen from the pie chart, only 36.13% of the interviewees trust school buses, while 40.34% of them show their distrust. And still, 23.53% of them are not clear about it.
Of those who show their disbelief, 35.2% are afraid of abandoned vehicles being used and 24.3% worry that school buses will be overloaded, which may be the main cause of serious traffic accidents. About 21.30% of them worry that the school buses are not equipped with safety equipment like safety belts. 第四模块 │ 题型探究Another 18.7% blame drivers for breaking the speed limit.
I think effective measures should be taken to ensure the safety of students. More money should be invested to improve the quality of school buses. Meanwhile, all the school buses should be examined regularly.第四模块 │ 题型探究第四模块 │ 应试点睛 一、研读评卷细则,把握评分标准
俗话说“知己知彼,方能百战不殆”。要想写出一篇优秀的书面表达,首先必须要明白的一个问题就是:什么样的书面表达才是优秀的?这个问题涉及评分细则。高考英语书面表达部分的评分细则表面上看比较详细,实际上具有相当大的灵活性。在各个档次里都有一些有弹性的语言,而对于这些有弹性的语言的理解,评卷者只能是把它作为一个总的原则,即在给考生的作品定档时作参考,至于考生的作品到底能得多少分,就要依照具体的情况而定了。 应试点睛因此,把握评分标准尤其是高分书面表达的评分标准是十分必要的。笔者认为,对高考书面表达的评分细则可以从以下几个方面来理解:
1.信息的量。即所要求的要点都在所写的作品之中。
2.信息的质。包括:句式正确,用词得当,语法无误。
3.行文连贯。包括:布局合理,层次清楚,细节严谨,衔接自然。
4.句式丰富。包括:对一些高档的表达方式的运用(如被动句、倒装、强调、非谓语动词和一些从句)。 第四模块 │ 应试点睛 5.书写规范。包括:卷面整洁,大小写、标点运用正确。
在这五点中,最为看重的是句子的结构,因为它是保证读者能顺利读完作者作品的最重要保证。在评价一名考生的书面表达写得如何如何差时,评卷者最爱表明的理由是“没有一、两个正确的句子”,这足以表明他们对于句子的看重。
二、 全面夯实基础,积淀写作能力
1.加强阅读,积累词句。词汇是阅读的前提,阅读是写作的基础。在阅读方面的工夫越深,驾驭语言文字的能力就越强。所以,要写好英语先要读好英语。学生最佳的阅读素材就是教材。教材中的阅读材料都是一些很好的范文,文笔流畅,第四模块 │ 应试点睛语言规范。此外,对于近几年高考中出现的优秀作文范文也要认真记诵,尤其是要记住里面的好词好句。在读的过程中要多留心,无论是带题阅读还是非带题阅读,不能只是满足对语篇的理解,要有效利用这些材料,尤其是对那些用法积极的词汇和一些结构丰富的动词、复现率比较高的名词、形容词和副词的用法给予更多的关注,这样才能真正谙熟词的用法及用词习惯,写作中方能得心应手、游刃有余。
2.加强运用,实践语法。写好书面表达除了拥有丰富的词汇量外,还要有扎实的语法基本功。语法虽然有许多死板的条条框框,但决不能光靠死记硬背,而应加强运用。语法大家张道真先生说过,语法体现在词汇中,而词汇又受语法的制约,第四模块 │ 应试点睛语法好比是骨架,而词汇好比是血肉,两者也是枝与叶的关系,要形成有机的肌体和茂盛的枝叶,必须把两者结合在一起,使之相互依托、相互补充。
总之,在写作备考中应该重点加强学生基础知识的训练。学生在有了大量的语言输入的情况下,才有可能创造性地运用语法规则,最后通过语法能力的提高来促进写作能力的提高。
三、 重视语篇衔接,提高思维蝶变
一篇好的书面表达,不仅要要点完整、表达规范,还需要有把这些内容有机联系起来的语篇衔接手段,即我们常说的关联词、连接性副词以及一些介词和短语。第四模块 │ 应试点睛这些往往是好的书面表达出彩的部分。因为这样的衔接才能使句子之间、段落之间有连贯性和整体性。
有不少的同学认为语篇连接手段是个很高层次的东西,实际上,这些连接手段对于同学们来说并不陌生,常见的语篇连接手段有: 表时间/次序:first, in the first place, second…; 表并列/递进: too, also,as well as, in addition, furthermore; 表举例:for example, for instance;表总结:as a result, in summary, in short等。
第四模块 │ 应试点睛 每年高考书面表达的参考范文所使用的连接手段也较为简单,有些考生的书面表达事实上已经超过了参考范文的水平。只要我们平时注意养成良好的逻辑思维和表达习惯,再掌握一些常用的连接词或短语,考场写作就能得心应手。
四、掌握写作技巧,高分书面表达
书面表达是考查考生综合运用英语能力的一种题型,根据其一般规律,它要求考生对所给情景和要求写一篇书面材料,做到所写的内容符合所给的情景和要求,文理通顺。它既像作文,又不完全是作文,因为考生不能离开情景和要求自行立意、选材,随意发挥。它类似翻译,但又不同于翻译,因为考生必须根据需要进行适当的发挥,因而有较大的灵活性。第四模块 │ 应试点睛所以在做这种题目时,要掌握一个总的原则,即:不漏、不错、不多写、不乱写。具体来说则从以下四个方面去考虑、着手。
1.读题,明确要求,做好必要的准备工作。高考的书面表达题材较多,有给文字背景材料的,有看图作文的,还有两者兼而有之的。对于文字背景材料,考生要仔细阅读,看懂题目要求,并对材料进行必要的删减。文字材料中有的是有用信息,有的是无用信息。不进行必要的删减,则会使做出来的书面表达轻者增加了错误的可能性,重者文不对题、逻辑不清。第四模块 │ 应试点睛 2.组织,进行必要的语言准备。读题工作结束后,考生要就提供的信息或画面进行语言上的组织。这一环节非常重要,对书面表达的流畅和符合逻辑有举足轻重的作用。读题的核心工作是作必要的删减,组织的主要工作是作适当的补充,给框架补“血”补“肉”,使所要写出来的文章意思连贯、语言畅通、逻辑严密。
3.转换,进入实质性的语言加工阶段。要做好这一阶段的工作,关键是掌握几条原则;多用简单句,少用复合句; 多用短句,少用长句; 讲究简明扼要,摒弃繁琐复杂、意思混浊不清。这一阶段是决定得分高低的关键所在。第四模块 │ 应试点睛因此,除了掌握以上重要的原则外,还应在具体操作中注意选择正确的主语人称和动词的时态,多用贴切的固定短语,尽量使用自己“拿手”的句子,留意句子的语法是否符合要求。从更高要求来说,用英语思维并一气呵成地完成书面表达是最佳方法,这是上上策。但对于大多数英语水平尚未达到这一步的考生来说,转换过程中进行有效的控制是非常必要的。只有进行这样的控制,才能有效地控制错误的发生,才能少扣分、多得分。第四模块 │ 应试点睛 4.检查,书面表达的最后一道工序。最后一道工序意味着一旦稍有疏忽,很难再有弥补,也就无法挽回。因此,仔细认真地检查对于最终的得分是十分重要的。在检查过程中应注意以下几个方面:
(1)信息点是否完整,有没有遗漏。根据评分标准,漏信息点是要扣大分的(2-3分)。要细致小心地一一检查,确保无一遗漏。
(2)语法正确。语法包括两个方面,一是词法,二是句法。词法方面主要检查时态、语态、主谓一致、冠词、名词单复数和词语搭配等。句法方面主要检查是否使用一些熟悉句型,特别是尽力使用简单句这一原则贯彻得如何。第四模块 │ 应试点睛 总之,要做好书面表达是一件并非容易的事情,它需要平时的积累,需要考生在平时的英语学习中加强训练,以求水到渠成之功。当然,考前的归纳和总结也十分重要,因为它往往起着事半功倍的效果。第四模块 │ 应试点睛专题二十六 记叙文型书面表达专题二十六 记叙文型书面表达专题二十六 │ 专题导读 英语记叙文的写作一般要求考生根据提示中提供的情景,组织语言材料。要想高分完卷,必须注意:
1. 写作前要根据要求或暗示确定好用什么人称,一般来说,英语记叙文要以“第一人称(I/we)和第三人称(He/She/It/They)”展开叙述。第一人称是从“参与者”的角度进行叙述,第三人称是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述。要根据具体情况合理选用时态和要点。要就事论事,不要画蛇添足,节外生枝。 专题导读 2. 交代清楚记叙文写作的六要素:人物(who/whom)、时间(when)、地点(where)、事由(what)、原因(why)。注意从具体的材料中提炼中心,并根据中心思想选择材料,合理安排情节,注意写作的顺序以及记叙的详略。
3. 注意选择合适的时态和叙述的方法。记叙文一般是叙述已经发生过的事情,因此其基本时态应该是一般过去时。其记叙的顺序包括:
(1)以时间为线索,按时间的顺序展开。常用的话语标志有:afterwards,at the same time,first,then,next,finally,soon,immediately,following等。
(2)以地点为线索,以地点的转移为顺序。专题二十六 │ 专题导读 (3)以事件的发展为线索,或以人物的出现先后展开。
4. 记叙事情时,要注意主题鲜明突出,清楚具体,内容感人深刻。写人时,要抓住典型事例、典型行动和表现。对中心事件和最能表现中心思想的地方要详细叙述, 次要的东西就少写或不写。专题二十六 │ 专题导读 [2012?陕西卷] 假定你是李华。下面的图画描述了教师节那天你们班组织的一次活动,请根据写作要点并参考图画内容,为校刊“英语角”版面写一篇短文。
写作要点:
1.活动的策划;
2.教室的布置;
3.活动的内容;
4.你的感想。专题二十六 │ 真题典例 真题典例
注意:
1.短文词数不少于100;
2.开头部分已写好,不计入总词数;
3.可根据情况增减细节,详略得当;
4.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
Ms. Li, our English teacher, must have found it strange on Teachers‘ Day: she did not receive a single greeting card from us students. She would have never thought a complete surprise was waiting for her.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十六 │ 真题典例 【思路点拨】本题是一篇材料作文,也是看图作文,材料和图形比较简单,考生应不难理解,但文章首句已经给出,要求考生续写,这增加了本题的难度和区分度。考生重点要先仔细审题,审题主要包括以下几个方面:(1)主体时态;(2)主体人称;(3)内容要点。尤其是对于内容要点的把握要准确到位。再者考生需注意尽可能使句子表达形式多样化,尽量使用一些较复杂的句式结构和较高级的词汇,以提高书面表达的档次和可读性。专题二十六 │ 真题典例One possible version:
Ms. Li, our English teacher, must have found it strange on Teachers' Day: she did not receive a single greeting card from us students. She would have never thought a complete surprise was waiting for her.
As Teachers' Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. On the afternoon of September 10, some of us decorated our classroom with paper flowers and balloons, and others went to buy cakes, drinks and fruits. The blackboard was decorated with beautiful words, which read “Happy Teachers' Day!”专题二十六 │ 真题典例 Entering the classroom, Ms. Li was surprised to find we were standing in line, clapping hands and saying loudly “Happy Teachers' Day!” Wang Hua, our monitor, presented her with the prepared flowers. Some of the girls sang songs for Ms. Li, and three boys showed their Gongfu talent. Before we left, we enjoyed a new English song by Ms. Li.
Ms. Li spent a wonderful time with us, but we know that we cannot thank her enough for all her hard work and guidance.专题二十六 │ 真题典例专题二十六 │ 新题预测(一)
假设你是红星中学高二(1)班的学生李华,下面四幅图描述了你从加拿大短期学习归来发生的一件事。请根据图片的先后顺序,写一篇周记,记录下此事。
注意:1.周记的开头已为你写好。
2. 词数100左右。 新题预测 Last Sunday, I came back to Beijing after a short-term study in Canada.
______________________________________________________
One possible version:
Last Sunday, I came back to Beijing after a short-term study in Canada.
Early in the morning, I arrived at the airport. After claiming my luggage, I hurried to the exit where my parents were anxiously waiting for me. How nice it was to see them again!
As soon as I arrived home, I started unpacking my suitcase. I was taking out my stuff when a book caught my eyes. 专题二十六 │ 新题预测It was borrowed from the school library when I studied in Coldwater School. Indeed, I was careless. What could I do? Thinking for a while, I finally came up with a solution. Immediately, I got online and searched for the school address. Having successfully found it, I wrote a letter to apologize, sincerely expressing my great regret. After lunch, I went to the nearby post office. With the letter enclosed, I mailed the book back to Coldwater School by EMS, hoping it would reach the school library as quickly as possible.
When everything was done, I breathed a sigh of relief.专题二十六 │ 新题预测(二)
假设你是李华,暑假期间你们将组织由外国学生参加的中国城市多元文化之旅活动——“Discovering China”,你刚到北京的美国朋友Tom 来信询问活动有关事宜。请你根据以下要点,给他写一封回信:
1.活动目的;
2.日程安排:(1)时间:一周; (2)路线:昆明—井冈山—上海—苏杭;
3.发出邀请。专题二十六 │ 新题预测 注意:
1.词数100左右; 开头已经给出,不计入总词数。
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
From your letter I know it's the first time for you to be in my country and you are eager to know what China is really like. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十六 │ 新题预测One possible version:
Dear Tom,
From your letter I know it's the first time for you to be in my country and you are eager to know what China is really like.I'm glad to tell you that an exploring trip titled “Discovering China” is to be organized in the summer vacation. I think it's a good chance for you to learn more about China.I hope you can experience Chinese culture in every aspect.
First, we'll fly to Kunming, a popular tourist destination for its beauty and mild temperature. Then we'll head for Jinggangshan, which is a former revolutionary base 专题二十六 │ 新题预测as well as a natural beauty spot.After a one-day visit there, we'll board a downstream ship on the Yangtze River to Shanghai, and meanwhile we can enjoy the great scenery alongside.A famous saying goes, “Just as there is paradise in heaven,there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth”,so a two-day visit to these two cities is a must.The whole trip will last a week.
I earnestly invite you to join us.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua 专题二十六 │ 新题预测专题二十六 │ 备用习题(一)
1.假设你是光明中学高三 (1) 班的学生李华,今天学校组织了消防演习。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,写一篇英语日记,叙述整个演习过程,并谈谈自己的感想。
注意: 1.日记的开头已为你写好。
2.词数不少于60。
备用习题 This morning, our school held a fire drill.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
This morning, our school held a fire drill.We were listening to the teacher attentively in the math class when we heard the fire alarm from the speaker on the wall.The teacher stopped teaching immediately and organized/instructed us to leave the classroom in order.When we got into the passageway, we found we were surrounded by smoke everywhere.专题二十六 │ 备用习题It was choking and our tears ran down.We students bent down, covered our mouth with handkerchiefs, and ran downstairs rapidly into the open air on the playground, just as we had been taught before.
When we came back to our classroom, we gave a summary of this fire drill.I think fire disasters are often seen on TV and read about in the newspaper.We should know the skill to escape from the fire in case of emergency.专题二十六 │ 备用习题It was choking and our tears ran down.We students bent down, covered our mouth with handkerchiefs, and ran downstairs rapidly into the open air on the playground, just as we had been taught before.
When we came back to our classroom, we gave a summary of this fire drill.I think fire disasters are often seen on TV and read about in the newspaper.We should know the skill to escape from the fire in case of emergency.专题二十六 │ 备用习题(二)
今年暑假7月26日你参加了学校组织的“伦敦游学”活动。请根据以下五幅图,写一篇发言稿,在班里向同学们介绍你的游学活动。
专题二十六 │ 备用习题 注意:1.发言稿的开头和结尾已经写好。
2.词数100左右。
参考词汇:Big Ben大本钟;London Eye伦敦眼摩天轮;home-stay family住宿家庭。
Good morning, everyone.It was an honor to have been selected to go on a study tour to Britain.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十六 │ 备用习题One possible version:
Good morning, everyone.It was an honor to have been selected to go on a study tour to Britain.On the morning of July 26th,we arrived at Heathrow Airport, where we were warmly welcomed by our home-stay families.Then we went to different families where we had traditional English food and chatted happily.Later we went to Westminister College to attend a presentation about the school .A professor gave us a vivid introduction and we learned a lot about that school.In the following days we visited some famous scenic spots such as Big Ben and London Eye.专题二十六 │ 备用习题We took many photos there.On the last day we had a farewell party at which students from China and Britain gave fantastic performances including songs and dances.
From the study tour, we have improved our speaking skills and also we have got a better understanding of British culture.
That's all.Thank you.专题二十六 │ 备用习题(三)
假定你是李华,今年春节期间和几个同学乘坐新开通的高速火车从海口到三亚旅游。请根据以下要点写一篇日记。
要点:
1. 高速火车舒适、快速,从海口到三亚只用了一个半小时;
2. 沿途处处有美景;
3. 你心情愉快并且交了一些新朋友;
4. 觉得高铁有助于促进海南的发展;
5. ……专题二十六 │ 备用习题 要求:1. 词数100左右,内容可适当发挥;
2. 开头已为你写好(不计入总词数)。
February 4, MondaySunny
During the Spring Festival, my classmates and I took the high-speed train to Sanya.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十六 │ 备用习题One possible version:
February 4, Monday Sunny
During the Spring Festival, my classmates and I took the high-speed train to Sanya.The moment we got on the new high-speed train which had just been put into use,we all became very excited.While we were traveling, what impressed me most was that the train was so fast and comfortable that we were able to reach the destination in just one and a half hours.On the way we could enjoy many fine views. What’s more,we made some new friends.专题二十六 │ 备用习题 Having experienced the unforgettable train trip,I do feel from the bottom of my heart that the high-speed train will definitely benefit us a lot.Firstly,it will make it more convenient for people to travel around. Secondly, it will help to promote the tourism and economic development in Hainan. 专题二十六 │ 备用习题专题二十七 议论文型书面表达专题二十七 议论文型书面表达专题二十七 │ 专题导读 议论文是高考英语试卷中最常考查的文体之一。一般选取考生所熟悉的社会上的热点、焦点问题,通过剖析事物来论述事理、发表意见或提出主张。在具体的写作中要求通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非,确定其观点的正确或错误,树立或否定某种观点或主张。近几年的高考书面表达中,议论文的命题形式是以文字提纲、图画和表格的方式来呈现写作材料的。写作方法主要是三段式作文法。 专题导读 所谓三段式作文法,就是将一篇书面表达按三段的写作模式布局谋篇,即开头、正文、结尾。三段式写作模式思路清晰、结构分明,是考生提高自己的作文档次的最佳选择。
1.第一段开门见山直奔主题,提出要解决的问题或观点,或者交代清楚时间、地点、人物、事件。
2.第二段摆出事实或提出论据,或者把事情发展的经过详细写出来。该部分条理要清楚,过渡要自然,也就是评分细则所要求的“有效地使用语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑,完全达到预期的写作目的”。 为了迅速把握句与句、段与段的连接方式,很有必要熟记表示各种逻辑意义的过渡词语。专题二十七 │ 专题导读 3.最后一段,得出结论。可以有三种方式:
(1)重复中心思想,回到文章开头提出的中心思想或主题上,达到再次肯定和强调的效果。
(2)引用。用格言或名人名言总结全文。既言简意赅,又有较强的说服力。
(3)得出结论。文章最后用几句话概括全文内容,并进一步肯定文章的中心思想或作者观点。专题二十七 │ 专题导读 写作此类文体可以遵循如下的写作模板:
模板1.(1)观点对比专题二十七 │ 专题导读 模板1.(2)观点对比专题二十七 │ 专题导读 模板2:好处与坏处的对比专题二十七 │ 专题导读 模板3: 问题与建议专题二十七 │ 专题导读 模板4: 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。专题二十七 │ 专题导读 模板5:给出一个观点,要求考生反对这一观点专题二十七 │ 专题导读 模板6:解决方法题型
要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径:1.问题现状;
2.怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)。专题二十七 │ 专题导读 模板7:说明利弊题型
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状,再对比事物本身的利弊,有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发,最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)
1.说明事物现状; 2. 事物本身的优缺点(或一方面); 3. 你对现状(或前景)的看法。专题二十七 │ 专题导读专题二十七 │ 专题导读 [2012?浙江卷]
你校正在进行“英语读书周”活动。该活动要求学生摘录名言佳句(quote)并相互交流。以下是某同学摘录的句子:“Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.”。请按下列要求用英语写一篇100-120个词的短文:
1. 针对摘录句中的观点谈谈你的看法;
2. 举例说明理由。
注意:短文的开头已给出(不计入总词数)。专题二十七 │ 真题典例 真题典例 In the English Reading Week, one of my classmates recommended a quote to us, which goes like this:“Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十七 │ 真题典例 【思路点拨】 从文章体裁分析,这是较典型的议论文写作,主要让考生就名言Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.展开议论,发表自己对该名言的看法。同时结合要点提示看,文章属于半开放式的写作,所以考生要补充一定的自我看法、评述和建议。文章可以从三方面入手,第一部分讲述英语读书周活动的内容(部分已经给出);第二部分重点讲述考生自己对该名言的看法和评述,如用I can't agree more with the view来表示非常赞同;第三部分则要用一定的事例来进一步阐述,并说明理由,如可以以名人Lincoln为例。专题二十七 │ 真题典例在写作过程中,要注意好词好句的运用,如可以使用such as, opportunity, attitude, determination, in other words, for example, limited, be regarded as, inspiring figures, therefore, in one's hands等重要词汇。句式要多样,如可以用名词性从句It is true that…;状语从句等。专题二十七 │ 真题典例One possible version:
In the English Reading Week, one of my classmates recommended a quote to us, which goes like this:“Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you.” I can't agree more with this view. It's true that our future is determined by many things, such as opportunities and help from others, but our own attitude, determination, and hard work play a more important role. In other words, we are the master of our own future.
Take Abraham Lincoln for example. He was born in a poor family, and only received a limited education in his childhood. 专题二十七 │ 真题典例Yet through his painstaking efforts, he changed not only his own fate but also the history of America. Even to this day, Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures in the world. Therefore, I firmly believe that our future is in our own hands.专题二十七 │ 真题典例专题二十七 │ 新题预测(一)
一个好的学生应该具有许多优秀品质(如下图所示),你认为哪个或哪两个是最重要的呢?为什么?请分析原因,并结合自己的生活实际,记下你的感悟,写一篇100词左右的短文,适当增加内容并发表自己的看法。
新题预测One possible version:
Being passionate, honest and hard-working, a good student is always listening and learning. Personally speaking, I strongly believe that honesty is of utmost importance among dozens of good qualities.
There is a proverb saying “Honesty is the best policy”, and it seems true. The most important element in human relationships, whether business or personal relationships, is trust. 专题二十七 │ 新题预测 Here is one of my secrets. I once lied to my parents because of my poor sores. Having known the real fact from teachers, they praised and encouraged me, showing their deep love. Later days, my conscience swallowed me, growing as I told lie after lie in an effort to conceal my original deceit. I gave it up, and chose to be frank. Wows! It is better to stick to the truth!
From then on, I have kept the following in my minds: If it is not true, don't say it. If it is not right, don't do it. Honesty is not only the best policy, but also a principle, which is absolutely essential for the good and happy living of life.专题二十七 │ 新题预测(二)
最近我校举办了一次英语书法比赛。大部分同学积极参与,但少数同学书写不好,也不愿改善。请你根据以下提示,给21st Century写一篇短文,分析该现象产生的原因并发表自己的看法。专题二十七 │ 新题预测 注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头已给出,不计入总词数。
In order to arouse the students' interest in English learning and enrich our school life, …
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十七 │ 新题预测One possible version:
In order to arouse the students' interest in English learning and enrich our school life, we held an English Handwriting Competition. Many students took an active part in the activity.
However, some students who are poor at handwriting don't want to improve their handwriting. The reasons are as follows:
On one hand, they think that there is no need to waste time improving their handwriting because they can just use a computer. On the other hand, they believe that they are too busy with their studies to find time to practice. 专题二十七 │ 新题预测Besides, practicing handwriting is so difficult that they can't make great progress in a short time.
In my view, students' beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial to themselves. What's more, good handwriting is always appreciated by people, especially by teachers. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on this aspect in future.专题二十七 │ 新题预测专题二十七 │ 备用习题(一)
你校正在开展“共建和谐校园”活动,你们班就“学生该做什么,不该做什么”进行了讨论,请根据讨论内容写一篇英语短文。 备用习题 注意:1.词数120~150。
2.不能逐字翻译;可适当增加内容,使文章行文连贯。
3.文章开头已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:spit(v.)吐痰; a harmonious campus和谐校园
The Harmonious Campus Project has become part of the education in our school.As for students, how should we behave ourselves?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十七 │ 备用习题One possible version:
The Harmonious Campus Project has become part of the education in our school.As for students, how should we behave ourselves?
In our daily life, it is essential for us to form some good habits.First of all, we should be honest and faithful to others.Never tell lies or cheat in the examinations.Secondly, respect each other.Don't be selfish or hurt others' feelings when talking.Thirdly, you have to avoid some bad habits, such as being late for school, throwing rubbish here and there or spitting in public.专题二十七 │ 备用习题In general, it's our duty to protect our own environment.
In my opinion, we all hope that we will be a civilized student, do all that we should do, and do as much as we can to build our school into a harmonious campus.专题二十七 │ 备用习题(二)
目前,有些家长为了能让孩子早日成才,不顾孩子的喜好,往往把自己的兴趣强加给孩子,强迫孩子去学这个、学那个,结果事与愿违。观察下面图片,结合你身边的事例,以“Dream and Reality”为题写一篇短文,谈谈你对培养孩子成才的看法。
专题二十七 │ 备用习题 注意:
1.标题及开头已写好,不计入总词数;
2.文中不能出现考生的具体信息;
3.词数要求120左右。
Dream and Reality
Nowadays, there is an increasing tendency for parents to design the future for their children.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十七 │ 备用习题One possible version:
Dream and Reality
Nowadays, there is an increasing tendency for parents to design the future for their children.Regardless of the children's interest, some parents want them to attend all kinds of classes, laying a heavy burden on their shoulders.As a result, the children almost have no time to play.
A typical case is my neighbor Mr.and Mrs.Wang.They want their child to be an artist.They choose a music class on Saturday and a painting on Sunday for the child.In fact, the child has no interest at all.专题二十七 │ 备用习题The child is kept busy all day.After a few years their efforts are in vain.
I think parents should let their children develop their talent by their own choice and interests and give them enough time and space to learn what they want to.Children should be encouraged to get close to nature.We should help children turn their dream of enjoying the beauty of nature into reality.Only in this way can children have a happy and enjoyable life.专题二十七 │ 备用习题(三)
请根据下图所展示的内容及你对此图的理解用英语写一篇短文。短文应包括:
1.对图片内容的概括性描述;
2.看了图片后的感想;
3.怎样回报父母对你的爱。
注意:
1.建议参照图中文字及文章
开头所给提示,并作必要的发挥。
2.词数150左右。开头已经写好,但不计入总词数。
3.作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。专题二十七 │ 备用习题 We all know that our parents' love for us is beyond description.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
We all know that our parents' love for us is beyond description.Wherever we are, they love us for no reason, but how do we show our love for them in return?
As the picture shows, the boys know their own, their friends' and even their idols' birthdays very well. Yet when asked about their parents' birthdays, neither of them can give a correct answer.专题二十七 │ 备用习题Sure enough, this picture just gives us an extreme example.But what the picture tries to tell us is that we shouldn't ignore our parents' love.They sacrifice so much bringing us up! They work hard to provide us with all that we need, but seldom do we ever think of how we can repay them for their love.
What this picture reminds me of is that when we receive our parents' love, we shouldn't just take it for granted.Instead, we should try our best to think what we can do in return.We should work hard at our lessons, in the first place, to live up to their expectations, which I believe will make them happy.专题二十七 │ 备用习题专题二十八 说明文型书面表达专题二十八 说明文型书面表达专题二十八 │ 专题导读 说明文是以说明为主要表达方式,要求用简洁明快的语言来解说事物、阐明事理,从而给读者提供知识的一种文体。近几年高考说明文多数以图表、表格或文字的形式给出提示,并往往融合在应用文体中进行考查,一般分为:场所路线介绍; 事物介绍; 方式方法或计划安排介绍三大类。在写作时要求语言简明扼要、通俗易懂,说明过程讲究层次性和条理性。写作时要注意: 专题导读 (1)要注意写作顺序。要特别讲究文章的层次和条理,能反映客观事物本身逻辑顺序。对于不同的说明对象,在组织结构上可按时间、空间、结构顺序、工艺程序、计划安排等来写。
(2)注意说明方法。可采用举例、比较、对比分析、叙述的方式来描述,可采取先举例、后总结或者先总结、后举例的结构模式。不需要发表主张,抒发个人情感。
(3)这种文体通常用第三人称,时态以一般现在时为主。专题二十八 │ 专题导读 [2012?山东卷]
假设你是新华中学的学生李华,不久前在学校举办的英语竞赛中获得一等奖。校报请你写一篇稿件刊登在英文版面上,介绍你课外学习英语的经验。请根据以下提示用英语写一篇短文:
1. 参加英语角的益处;
2. 坚持写英语日记的作用;
3. 英文阅读网站(EnjoyReading)对你的帮助。专题二十八 │ 真题典例 真题典例 注意:1. 词数:120-150;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十八 │ 真题典例 【思路点拨】作文可以分为三部分,第一部分点出写作主题,比如:I'm glad I have won the first prize in the English Contest, which was the result of my after-class English learning. 第二部分介绍学习经验,从提示的三个要点入手:参加英语角的益处;坚持写英语日记的作用;英文阅读网站(EnjoyReading)对你的帮助。在具体的写作中要注意写出这三个方面给你的英语学习带来的益处。同时还要注意层次性。第三部分总结全文,升华主题。专题二十八 │ 真题典例One possible version:
As a high school student, I consider English as a very important subject. In order to learn it well, apart from English classes, I took an active part in the English Corner and other after-class English activities, which benefit me a lot.
In the English Corner, I meet many friends, who share the same interest with me. Besides, sometimes, some foreigners are glad to join us. By talking with them, my oral English improved a lot. I also find it useful to keep English diaries. I keep on doing it these years and it is helpful to my English. As a saying goes, practice makes perfect. 专题二十八 │ 真题典例Only by practice will we make more progress. Finally, some good English study websites contribute a lot to my improvement. Through these websites, I can read some classic English passages, poems and stories. What’s more, I can learn some learning skills and methodologies, which play an important part in my study process.
All in all, every road leads to Roma, but I believe hard work pays off.专题二十八 │ 真题典例专题二十八 │ 新题预测(一)
报纸和网站是当今两大主要媒体。请根据下表内容,以 “Newspapers and Websites” 为题,用英语写一篇短文,简要介绍这两种媒体的优缺点。 新题预测 注意:
1. 短文必须包括表中所有内容,可以适当发挥;
2. 词数100左右。
参考词汇:更新update; 音频audio; 视频video
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十八 │ 新题预测One possible version:
Newspapers and Websites
Newspapers and websites are two major new media in the world today, both of which can provide us with lots of news and information. But they're different in some ways.
Newspapers enjoy a longer history and often come out daily with more reliable news and information. They can be carried and read almost anywhere you like. So many people like reading them. But they can only contain texts and photos.
专题二十八 │ 新题预测 On the other hand, websites are quite new and popular, especially among young people. Websites have not only texts with pictures but also audios and videos, which makes stories more interesting. What's more, they are updated from time to time. So the latest news is always seen on websites instead of in newspapers. But it is not quite convenient for people without a computer connected with the Internet to get information from websites.专题二十八 │ 新题预测(二)
随着网络的发展,电子贺卡越来越受到人们的青睐,特别是青年一代。请根据以下提示,阐述电子贺卡的优越性。
1. 可播放动画和声音;
2. 传递速度快;
3. 形式多样;
4. 节省人力和资金;
5. 有利于环保;
6. ……专题二十八 │ 新题预测 注意:1. 文章必须包括以上要点,但不要逐条翻译,可适当发挥,使文段连贯通顺。
2. 词数100左右。
生词提示:电子贺卡electronic card (e-card);动画 animation
短文的开头已经给出(不计入总词数)。
With the development of the Internet, more and more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper ones to their friends and relatives when an important holiday comes.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十八 │ 新题预测One possible version:
With the development of the Internet, more and more people tend to send electronic cards instead of paper ones to their friends and relatives when an important holiday comes.
Compared with the traditional cards, electronic cards are more lively and interesting. They can give not only pictures but sound and animation. Besides, it is faster to send an e-card. The next advantage is that there are many websites online where there are varieties of cards for you to choose from. Most importantly, with the popularity of the e-cards, less paper is used in making paper cards, which does good to our environment. 专题二十八 │ 新题预测 Finally because of the convenience of the Internet, a lot of man-power and money can be saved.
In short, there are many advantages of using e-cards. I hope that sending greetings by using e-cards will be accepted by more people, not only the young ones.专题二十八 │ 新题预测专题二十八 │ 备用习题(一)
请根据下图写一篇100~120词的短文。你的短文应包括下列要点:
1.简要描写图画内容;
2.说明图画含义;
3.表达你的观点。
注意:1.短文的标题和开头
已给出(不计入总词数);
2.参考词汇:spoil 宠坏 备用习题Too Much Care Spoils a Child
As is shown in the picture above, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version:
Too Much Care Spoils a Child
As is shown in the picture above, the blooming plant is being destroyed by over-watering.Often people do things with good intentions, but the result may be quite different.Such can also be the case with us while we grow up.专题二十八 │ 备用习题 To spare us the kind of hardships they had in their childhood, our parents tend to offer us too much care, for example, making beds, washing clothes and even carrying school bags for us.They are doing all these without knowing that they are actually spoiling us.As children, what we really need is to experience difficulties and take challenges so that we can learn from our own mistakes and grow to be independent.
Only in this way can we become stronger to shoulder our due responsibilities.专题二十八 │ 备用习题(二)
假如你是王霞,你的美国朋友Ashley说她将在三月初来中国。请你根据下表提供的信息为她推荐两个旅游景点。词数:120左右。专题二十八 │ 备用习题 Dear Ashley,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Wang Xia
One possible version:
Dear Ashley,
I am glad to hear that you are coming to China at the beginning of March.I'd like to recommend Qingdao and Minshan Mountain to you.专题二十八 │ 备用习题 Dear Ashley,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Wang Xia专题二十八 │ 备用习题One possible version:
Dear Ashley,
I am glad to hear that you are coming to China at the beginning of March.I'd like to recommend Qingdao and Minshan Mountain to you.
Qingdao is a beautiful coastal city and a wonderful place to spend summer.The climate there is very mild and can make you feel very relaxed and comfortable.
专题二十八 │ 备用习题 The other is Minshan Mountain.It is famous for its beautiful scenery and long history.There are many old famous temples on Minshan Mountain.If you are interested in climbing mountains and visiting temples, it is definitely worth seeing.
As for the cost, a five-day tour around Qingdao may cost you 1,000 yuan, while a four-day tour of Minshan Mountain could cost around 500 yuan.
I hope you will have a good trip!
Yours sincerely,
Wang Xia专题二十八 │ 备用习题(三)
根据以下图画,写一篇英语短文,描述今昔通信方式的变化,以及这些变化给人们生活带来的影响。
注意:
1. 不少于120词;
2. 文章开头已给出,
不计入总词数。
Great changes have taken place ________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十八 │ 备用习题One possible version:
Great changes have taken place in the way people communicate with each other from a long distance. In the past, people wrote letters to exchange information with each other. Later on, they could talk with each other on public telephone. Now more and more people use their own mobile phones to communicate and instead of writing on the paper they e-mail to each other on the computer. With the help of the 3G technology, some even can talk face to face. 专题二十八 │ 备用习题As a result, people find it quicker and easier to communicate,but at the same time some people feel that they become poorer in writing, and the relationship between each other becomes not so close as before. 专题二十八 │ 备用习题专题二十九 应用文型书面表达专题二十九 应用文型书面表达专题二十九 │ 专题导读 应用文是高考英语书面表达最常见的一种考查体裁。它接近考生的生活实际,易于表达,能充分考查考生的写作水平。其内容常以解说事物为主,要求把事物的性质、对象、目的、发生的时间和地点等情况表达清楚,使读者对此事物有一个完整、准确的了解。常见的应用文有书信(包括电子邮件)、通知、日记、便条、启事、演讲稿等,其中以书信最为常见。书信一般可分为两大类:商业书信和私人书信。 专题导读从内容上看书信的种类很多,主要包括致歉信、致谢信、笔友信、慰问信、投诉信、邀请信、介绍信、自荐信、求职信、读者请求的解答信及其答复读者的信等。
目前高考应用文的考查一般是提供简单的格式,不需要考生在格式上多动脑筋,因此考生只需把主要精力投入到行文中即可。在应用文的写作中应注意:
1.力求语言实用、平实、简洁、准确,句子不宜过长,这样读者(或听众)就可以快速捕捉到文章表达的基本信息,如:时间、地点、参加人、理由、或者是活动内容等。
2.根据不同的文体采用不同的人称和时态,如日记一般用过去时,通知用一般现在时和将来时等。 专题二十九 │ 专题导读 [2012?课标全国卷]
假定你是李华,从互联网上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡(Singapore)举办夏令营,欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。
内容主要包括:
1.自我介绍(包括英语能力);
2.参加意图(介绍中国、了解其他国家);
3.希望获准。专题二十九 │ 真题典例 真题典例 注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.邮件开头和结尾已为你写好。
Dear Sir or Madam,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Regards,
Li Hua专题二十九 │ 真题典例 【思路点拨】随着时代的发展,电子邮件越来越受广大中学生的欢迎,所以写电子邮件是中学生常做的事,这种形式的写作贴近学生生活,使他们感到熟悉。考生写作时应注意:
1. 结构上:采用三段成文,第一段引出话题;第二段自我介绍,参加意图;第三段表达愿望:希望获准。
2. 时态:以一般现在时为主。
3. 人称:第一人称。
4. 注意恰当使用一些连词,使文章自然、流畅。
5. 适当使用一些高级句型和词汇以提高作文档次。专题二十九 │ 真题典例One possible version:
Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I read the announcement of the summer camp in Singapore that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. I know that you welcome students from different countries and I'd like to take part in it. 专题二十九 │ 真题典例 I've been learning English for 10 years, and I speak fluent English. What is more, I'll be able to tell students from other countries about China and learn about their countries as well. I hope I will be accepted as a member of your summer camp.
Looking forward to your reply!
Regards,
Li Hua 专题二十九 │ 真题典例专题二十九 │ 新题预测(一)
假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Jim要来中国旅游,向你询问外国人如何在中国买火车票。请写一封邮件,给予答复。要点如下:
1. 火车票采用实名制,外国人需凭护照购买。
2. 购买方式:
(1)电话预订(上网查阅当地订票服务电话)
(2)网络订购(http://www.12306.cn )
(3)窗口购票(当地预售点、火车站售票处) 新题预测 注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头已为你写好。
参考词汇:实名制火车票real-name ticket
Dear Jim,
I am glad to hear that you are coming to travel in China.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十九 │ 新题预测One possible version:
Dear Jim,
I am glad to hear that you are coming to travel in China. It is important for you, a foreigner, to keep the following in mind to make your journeys smooth and enjoyable.
For railway journeys, we have to buy real-name tickets, in which basic personal information is included. So a foreigner is supposed to use the passport. You can get your ticket in three ways. First, you can book on the phone. Search online or consult the locals for the number. 专题二十九 │ 新题预测Second, visit the official website http://www.12306.cn to buy tickets online. Finally, you can also go to a nearby booking office or choose ground service at the railway station.
I hope this information can be of great help to you. Wish you a wonderful trip in China.
Yours,
Li Hua专题二十九 │ 新题预测(二)
假设你是李华,是我校一名高三学生。最近你收到来自友好学校的朋友Paul的邀请,请你下个月去他们学校参加文化交流活动并介绍中国的传统绘画。 但是你和其他高三学生一样在忙于高考,不得不谢绝他的邀请。请根据下面的要点给Paul用英语写一封回信。
要点: 1. 谢绝Paul的邀请;
2. 说明你的理由;
3. 推荐你的同学Anna参加,并说明原因。专题二十九 │ 新题预测 注意: 1.词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 信的开头已为你写好(不计入总词数)。
参考词汇:National College Entrance Examination 高考
Dear Paul,
Thank you very much for your invitation. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二十九 │ 新题预测One possible version:
Dear Paul,
Thank you very much for your invitation.
I'd love to accept it and take this opportunity to introduce traditional Chinese painting to foreign friends, but I'm sorry to inform you that I can't. The reason is that I, together with my classmates, am busy preparing myself for the coming National College Entrance Examination, which is very important for me.
I strongly recommend my friend Anna, who is the most suitable choice to take my place next month. 专题二十九 │ 新题预测She began to learn painting at an early age and has a good knowledge of traditional Chinese painting, which, combined with her active personality and perfect spoken English, will help make your activity a success.
Sorry again for any inconvenience caused by my absence and all the best wishes to you.
Yours,
Li Hua专题二十九 │ 新题预测专题二十九 │ 备用习题(一)
假如你是李华,某校高三年级学生,你想给曾经教过你的外教Alan写一封邮件请教在英语学习上遇到的一些问题。主要内容包括:
1.英语成绩不理想;
2.恐难进入心仪大学;
3.花时多,成效少;
4.…… 备用习题 要求:1.不要逐条翻译,可适当发挥,以使行文通畅;
2.词数:120左右。
Dear Alan,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua专题二十九 │ 备用习题One possible version:
Dear Alan,
Recently I'm faced with some difficulties in learning English which has been bothering me continuously.Hardly have I seen any progress in my English study even though I have spent quite a lot of time on English every day.No matter how hard I try, I would never get good grades in the exams.I began to realize how serious the situation would be.I feel so worried that I always blame myself for it.To improve the situation, I have discussed it with some of my teachers and classmates.专题二十九 │ 备用习题They have done their best to help me, but I am still not confident.Nowadays, it has even become such a headache for me that being admitted to my dream university seems impossible.I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice.Thank you.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua专题二十九 │ 备用习题(二)
假如你是某家英语报社的编辑,昨日收到一位中学生读者王丽的来信。请根据来信内容和所给要点写封回信。
Dear editor,
I'm a hard-working girl and want to perform well in every exam.But in the exams I always feel anxious and make the mistakes that I should have avoided.I am really worried about it.What can I do to improve my performance in the exams?
Yours,
Wang Li专题二十九 │ 备用习题 内容提示:1.正确认识考试的意义;
2.要学会缓解考试焦虑;
3.善于总结以前的错误,不懂的可以问老师和同学;
4.考前不要熬夜,要保证充足的睡眠;
5.考试时注意合理分配时间并尽量抽出几分钟时间检查。
要求:1.词数100左右,开头语已为你写好;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。专题二十九 │ 备用习题Dear Wang Li,
It‘s good that you know what prevents you from getting satisfactory scores in exams.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Editor专题二十九 │ 备用习题One possible version:
Dear Wang Li,
It's good that you know what prevents you from getting satisfactory scores in exams.I would like to offer you some tips.
First and foremost, it‘s important for you to have a right attitude towards exams.They are only a means of checking how you are getting along with your studies, so there is no need to worry too much about the results.You should also learn to relieve test anxiety such as listening to music or taking outdoor exercise. What's more, learning from the mistakes you've made in the past exams is an effective way to avoid making the same ones next time.专题二十九 │ 备用习题If you have problems that you can't solve, you'd better turn to your teachers and classmates for help.Besides, enough sleep can make you energetic and enable you to perform well in an exam.Therefore, during the period of exams, you should not stay up too late.Last but not least, when you attend an exam, plan how to distribute your time according to the number of questions.Spare a few minutes to review your paper so that you can spot some silly mistakes.
Enjoy the challenge each new exam brings.I believe that a good learning study habit will eventually help you gain success.
Editor专题二十九 │ 备用习题(三)
假如你是李华,你的美国朋友Mike 写信给你,想多了解《星光大道》这个电视节目的情况。请你给他写一封回信,并鼓励他去参加这个节目。
内容包括:
1.《星光大道》在中国是家喻户晓的节目;
2.它是大众节目,想展示才艺的人都可以参加;
3.表演形式:唱歌、跳舞、演奏乐器或其他才艺表演;
4.一个叫“郝歌”的非洲朋友在2006年还在节目中获得了三等奖;
5.鼓励他也去参加这个节目。专题二十九 │ 备用习题 注意:1. 100词左右;
2.可适当发挥;
3. 开头的句子已给出(不计入总词数)。
参考词汇:talent show才艺表演
Dear Mike,
I am very glad that you are interested in the CCTV programme Avenue of Stars. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best,
Li Hua专题二十九 │ 备用习题One possible version:
Dear Mike,
I am very glad that you are interested in the CCTV programme Avenue of Stars. This programme is a household name in China, which is intended for ordinary people who want to show their talent in performance, including foreign friends. There are various forms of performance, such as singing, dancing, playing musical instruments and other kinds of talent shows. 专题二十九 │ 备用习题Many people have become famous through this programme, especially an African singer named Hao Ge, who loves music. He could sin