【二轮推荐】2013高考英语二轮复习课件(解析版):第1模块-多项选择(湖北专用)(208张)

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名称 【二轮推荐】2013高考英语二轮复习课件(解析版):第1模块-多项选择(湖北专用)(208张)
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科目 英语
更新时间 2013-02-13 14:45:54

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课件208张PPT。专题一 名词
专题二 动词
专题三 动词短语
专题四 形容词与副词
专题五 介词短语第一模块 多项选择目 录第一模块 多项选择第一模块 │ 考情分析  【考纲解读】
  随着新课程改革的不断深入,《新课标》理念逐步深入人心。英语高考无论从形式还是内容上都在进行改革。近几年来湖北省高考英语试题中的“多项选择”题重点考查词汇知识,尤其是英语词汇的用法。从考查内容到考查形式都具有显著的特点。从2007年开始,湖北省站在改革的前沿,率先将这一题型由传统的考查语法知识改为着重考查词汇知识。 考情分析湖北省高考英语考试大纲补充说明对这一部分的具体要求是:每题在一句或两句话中留出一个空白,要求考生从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项,其目的显然是考查学生在特定的语境中对英语词汇和常用短语的掌握和灵活运用的能力。
  【命题透视】
  分析湖北高考多项选择题部分,不难发现以下特点:
  1.“多项选择”题体现了“注重基础、强调运用”的特点。
《教学大纲》明确要求:“教师应杜绝对学生进行单纯语言知识的传授和灌输,应结合他们的生活实际和今后使用英语的需要,通过大量语言实践和有意义的语言运用,帮助他们掌握语言知识、提高语言技能和实际运用英语的能力。”第一模块 │ 考情分析而“多项选择”题正是根据这一要求,做到了知识覆盖面广,考点分布合理。所考查的词类包括了名词、动词、动词短语、形容词和副词以及介词短语等,其中以实词为主。每一道试题都要求考生在特定的语境中理解其特定的含义,进行综合分析、判断才能作出最佳选择。逐步增强试题的综合性,不再考查简单的单个项目的语法知识,而更多地在语境中考查学生英语知识的运用。
  2.“多项选择”题体现了“注重语境,突出能力”的特点。
  题干的设置颇具特色,体现了英语的实用与交际功能,词汇知识的教学是英语教学的出发点,因此,对词汇知识的测试也是英语测试中的重点。第一模块 │ 考情分析词的意义通过语境来呈现,而语境的设置也合情合理,近三年的多项选择题明显反映出这样的特点,较长的题干提供了完整的、内容丰富的语境,信息量充足,命题信度较高,科学规范,要求考生在特定的语境中灵活运用词汇和语言知识来完成特定的任务,培养正确运用语境进行理解和交际的能力。把对词汇知识的考查结合在鲜活的语境中,成为高考命题的趋势与规律。近几年的湖北高考进一步强化语境因素,着重考查考生在一定的语境中运用基础知识的能力。第一模块 │ 考情分析  3.“多项选择”题拓宽了词汇的考查范围,主要体现在考纲内使用频率较低的词汇和增补词汇的考查。
  试题选项大部分都是平时其他考区较少出现的词汇,有些词汇甚至比较生僻或不太常见,但这些词汇都是考纲词汇或湖北考区近年来的考试说明中的补充词汇。比如:2011年考查增补词汇negotiate;2012年考查增补词汇tentatively、subtle等。因此湖北卷该部分对考生的词汇知识和理解能力提出了较高的要求,考查难度明显高于其他考区。第一模块 │ 考情分析  4.“多项选择”题加大了词义的考查力度。
  试题重点在于不同词义的辨析选择方面。除了意义上的辨析选择之外,对于词性的活用和一词多义现象也偶有涉及。比如: 2009年考查词性转移(名词动化)shelter“庇护”;2012年考查polish词义引申(本意为“擦亮,磨光”,引申义为“推敲,润色”。)等。第一模块 │ 考情分析第一模块 │ 应试点睛   湖北高考多项选择题从试题类型看,可分为“语境与词义辨析”和“习语与结构”两大类。在复习过程中,要注意针对《课程标准》所要求掌握的词汇,加强词汇方面的记忆,包括单词及短语的本义、引申义及常见的搭配;全面复习语法知识,重点是复习动词,提高对基础语法知识的运用能力。
  一、 建立词汇概念,勤于总结与归纳
  在备考中要对考纲词汇以及课本基础知识进行地毯式扫描,在脑海中建立一个完整的词汇知识体系。 应试点睛其内容包括:词语意义、同义词和近义词的辨析、反义词、短语及其固定搭配等。要特别重视高频词以及多义词汇的学习积累,比如:get, turn, take, put, go, give, break, come, keep, bring 等,像take就有take up,take off,take on,take in,take over等搭配,它们的意思都要区分清楚。像take这样的动词有很多,肯定经常遇到,要勤于去总结,随时记忆,随时复习,随时扩充。这样既能巩固前期复习的成果,又能逐步扩大词汇量,还能有效地利用每天的零碎时间突破词汇关。此外,在学习中,除了注重词汇基本意义的学习外,还要重视不同语境中词的意义和词性的转化。第一模块 │ 应试点睛  二、 归纳词汇考点,尊重教材和考纲
  湖北高考多项选择题在英语词汇考核方面既强调基础性,又突出实用性和交际性。细看湖北卷近3年的多项选择题,试题中的考点都为教材中常见的词汇,答案选项没有一个是超纲或超教材的。因此我们平时在备考中,练习要忠实于教材,狠抓基础知识的落实和基本技能的培养,系统归纳和梳理词汇知识要点,掌握常见词汇的常见用法即可。同时,对于考纲中有而在平时试卷中出现的频率不高的词汇也应该适当注意。在最后的复习阶段,要有意识地加强对新增词汇和多义词的识记。 新增词汇不仅出现在多项选择题的题干里,还可能出现在阅读文章里;第一模块 │ 应试点睛对于多义词,不仅要记住这些词的常用含义,更要关注其使用较少的或特殊的含义,甚至可以把这类词汇按照词性进行系统的分类,认真比对近几年的高考试题,找出考点的位移变化和考点盲区,并进行针对性的训练。
  总之,湖北英语卷多项选择题给我们的启示是:在学习备考中,不要盲目相信题海战术,而要忠实于教材,狠抓基础知识的落实和基本技能的培养,系统归纳和梳理词汇知识要点。要认真研究,勤于思考,大胆探索,在不断的阅读中领悟词的内涵,加深对词的理解和掌握。要善于将语法、语境和语言文化背景结合起来,多方面提高自己的阅读能力和对文章的欣赏水平。天道酬勤,只要坚持,相信一定会有收获。第一模块 │ 应试点睛专题一 名 词专题一 名 词专题一 │ 专题导读  湖北高考英语多项选择题每年有1—2题考查名词的用法,主要从下面几个方面进行考查:(1)名词在具体语境中的词义辨析,主要是不同词义的名词在特定语境中的最佳选择。(2)词形相似而词义不同的名词词义辨析,如:pattern、procedure、program、perspective。(3)同根词名词词义辨析,如:以-ence为词根的名词,consequence、independence、competence、intelligence等。其他:-tive/-ity/-ture/-ment等。 专题导读(4)名词动化现象,如:trail作名词,意为“痕迹,小径”,作动词,意为“跟踪”;stem作名词,意为“树干”,作动词,意为“起源于”等。(5)名词与介词或动词的搭配。(6)固定句型中名词的运用和辨析。
  在解答名词试题时要注意:准确理解题干语境的含义;注意从搭配、词语的本义、转换意义等多角度去考虑。此外2012年考纲新增补名词也是考查的重点,这类词有:
  compliment  (pl.)问候;赞扬 vt. 赞美,祝贺
  circuit 电路,环行,巡行
  corridor 走廊,通道
  component 组成部分,组件专题一 │ 专题导读prohibition 禁止
dilemma 困境,进退两难的局面
seminar 研究会,讨论会
priority 优先权
dimension 尺寸,尺度
perspective 远景,观点
movables (pl.)家具,动产,个人财产
interval 间隔,休息,间距
highlight 突出,精彩场面vt.使明亮,使显著
recommendation 推荐,介绍;推荐信
heritage 遗产,继承物,传统专题一 │ 专题导读  1.[2012·湖北卷] The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct ________ in applying for a visa.
 A.pattern B.procedure
  C.program D.perspective专题一 │ 真题典例 真题典例  [解析] B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:那位官员坚称Michael没有遵循申请护照的正确程序。procedure(步骤,程序)为最佳答案。pattern模式,花样,样式;program程序,节目,计划;perspective观点,态度,透视法,景观。procedure和program均可表示“程序”,但procedure一般指办事的程序和步骤,而program则多指活动或计算机运行程序。该处应该指的是申请护照的正确程序。专题一 │ 真题典例  2.[2012·湖北卷] It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any ________.
A.symptom B.similarity
 C.sample D.shadow
  [解析] A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:定期检查眼睛以便查清可能没有产生任何(不适)症状的眼疾是很重要的。symptom(症状)为最佳答案。similarity相似性;sample样品;shadow阴影,都不符合句意。专题一 │ 真题典例  3.[2011·湖北卷] “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with ________ clearly in her voice.
  A. anger    B. rudeness
  C. regret    D. panic
  [解析] D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:“Tommy,快跑!快点!房子着火了!”母亲大声叫喊,嗓音里夹杂着一种惊慌。根据语境可知答案为D项,with panic意为“惊慌地”。rudeness粗鲁;anger生气;regret后悔,遗憾。专题一 │ 真题典例  4.[2011·湖北卷] Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big ________, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.
  A. project    B. commitment
  C. competition D. ambition
  [解析] B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:放弃我的工作回到全日制的教育是一个巨大的付出,但现在我知道这是我有生以来做出的最好的决定。a big commitment意为“一个巨大的付出”。其他答案均不合语境。专题一 │ 真题典例  5.[2010·湖北卷] This restaurant has become popular for its wide ________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
  A. division B. area
  C. range  D. circle
[解析] C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这家餐馆越来越出名是由于它做的各种各样的食物适应各种类型的人群。“a range of ”强调一个系列,而“a wide range of”意为“各种各样的”,符合题意。专题一 │ 真题典例 6.[2010·湖北卷] After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide ________for the homeless families.
  A. accommodation B. occupation
  C. equipment    D. furniture
  [解析] A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:地震过后当地政府所做的第一件事就是为无家可归的人们提供住宿。accommodation意为“住处”,符合句意。occupation意为“占用”或者“工作,职业”;furniture意为“家具”;equipment意为“设备,器材”。专题一 │ 真题典例  7.[2012·江西卷] You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________.
A. purpose B. reference
  C. progress D. memory
  [解析] B 考查名词词义辨析。purpose意为“目的,意图”;reference意为“参考,查阅”;progress意为“进步”;memory意为“记忆”。由句意“你最好写下那家饭馆的电话号码以供日后查阅”可知,B项正确。专题一 │ 真题典例  8.[2012·福建卷] —Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
  —Well, you know, English is my ________.So it is my best choice.
  A.strength  B.talent  C.ability  D.skill
  [解析] A 考查名词词义辨析。根据语境,说话人选择在国际旅行社工作是因为英语是其强项。strength强项;talent天才;ability能力; skill技术。专题一 │ 真题典例  9.[2012·江苏卷] — Can I help you with it?
  — I appreciate your ________, but I can manage it myself.
  A. advice   B. question
  C. offer    D. idea
  [解析] C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:“我来帮你好吗?”“很感谢你的提议,但是我自己能行。”offer“提供,提议”,指对方主动提出的帮助,符合语境。advice劝告,建议;question问题;idea想法。专题一 │ 真题典例  10.[2012·全国卷Ⅱ] The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are in great ________ in this city.
  A.quantity   B.progress
  C.production D.demand
  [解析] D 考查名词词义辨析。 前面的popular表示“受欢迎”,所以后面指“大量需要”。quantity数量;progress进步;production生产;demand需要。in great demand大量需要,是一个固定短语。专题一 │ 真题典例  11.[2012·山东卷] My first ________ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
  A. expression B. attention
  C. satisfaction  D. impression
  [解析] D 考查名词词义辨析。 句意:我对他的第一印象就是——他是一个善良而体贴的小伙子。impression意为“印象”,符合句意。expression 表情,表达;attention 注意;satisfaction 满意。专题一 │ 真题典例  12.[2012·四川卷] He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It's just a matter of ________.
  A.luck   B.value
  C.time   D.fact
  [解析] C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他迟早会理解你付出的努力的。这只是个时间问题。根据句意选C。专题一 │ 真题典例  13.[2012·天津卷] You are working too hard. You'd better keep a ________ between work and relaxation.
  A.promise   B.lead
  C.balance   D.diary
  [解析] C 考查名词词义辨析。根据句意“你工作太努力了,你最好在工作与休闲之间找到一个平衡点”可知选C。专题一 │ 真题典例  14.[2012·浙江卷] Your ________ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.
  A.operation  B.growth
  C.performance D.character
  [解析] C 考查名词词义辨析。句意表示“作为学生,如果你能养成反思自己的所学所得的习惯,你的表现将会非常出色”,所以这里performance表示“表现,表演”。operation表示“手术,操作”;growth表示“成长”;character表示“性格”,都不符合句意,所以选C。专题一 │ 真题典例  15.[2011·福建卷] The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major________of global climate change.
  A. result   B. cause
  C. warning D. reflection
  [解析] B 考查名词词义辨析。result结果;cause原因;warning警告;reflection反映。句意:公众环保习惯的缺失被认为是全球气候改变的一个主要原因。因此该题选B。  专题一 │ 真题典例专题一 │ 新题预测  1.In human societies violence has a social ________: it is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order.
  A.element B.contribution
  C.target D.fun_ction
  [解析] D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在人类社会中,暴力行为有着社会作用——它是创造或者毁坏社会秩序的一种策略。element意为“要素;元素”;contribution意为“贡献,捐款”;target意为“目标,对象,靶”;fun_ction意为“职务,功能”。根据句意可知D项正确。 新题预测  2.In the near future, more ________ in the space technology will be made by scientists.
  A. advantages    B. adventures
  C. advances D. advertisements
  [解析] C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:不久的将来,科学家会在太空科技方面取得更大的进步。advantage意为“优点,有利条件”;adventure意为“冒险”;advance意为“前进,进展”;advertisement意为“广告”。根据句意可知C项正确。专题一 │ 新题预测  3.A university town is one where there is no clear________ between the university buildings and the rest of the city.
  A. division B.separation
  C. category D. block
  [解析] B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:大学城就是大学建筑与城市其他部分没有明显分界的地方。division意为“划分,部门”;separation意为“分离,分隔”;category意为“种类,类别”;block意为“街区,木块”。根据句意可知B项正确。专题一 │ 新题预测  4.Even if he has been a teacher for 20 years, Peter has a good and serious attitude towards his work, for which he gains a lot of________.
  A.competence    B.motivation
  C.expectation D.recognition
  [解析] D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:即使彼得当老师已经20年了,他对于自己的工作还是抱着良好认真的态度,这为他赢得了广泛的认可。competence意为“能力,胜任”;motivation意为“动机,积极性”;expectation意为“预料,期望”;recognition意为“认出,赏识”。根据句意可知D项正确。专题一 │ 新题预测  5.Kim Jong-Il, former top leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and the former Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi were both dead at the age of 69. Some people jokingly think that's a(n)________.
  A. accident    B. consequence
  C. symptom   D. coincidence
  专题一 │ 新题预测  [解析] D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:朝鲜民主主义人民共和国前最高领导人金正日和前利比亚领导人穆阿迈尔·卡扎菲都是在69岁去世的,有人开玩笑地认为这是一个巧合。accident意为“事故,意外”;consequence意为“结果,后果,影响”;symptom意为“症状,征兆”;coincidence意为“巧合,一致,同时发生”。根据句意可知D项正确。专题一 │ 新题预测  6.In blind date TV shows, being cruelly or politely rejected is sometimes the price participants have to pay for making an ________ of the love in their eyes.
  A. announcement B. appointment
  C. acquaintance D. alternative
  专题一 │ 新题预测  [解析] C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在电视相亲节目中,被残酷或者礼貌地拒绝有时是参与者为了认识他们眼中的爱人必须付出的代价。announcement意为“宣布,声明”;appointment意为“约会,任命”;acquaintance意为“熟人,相识,了解”;alternative意为“二者择一,供替代的选择”。 make an acquaintance of意为“结识,了解”,根据句意可知C项正确。专题一 │ 新题预测  7.There is an obvious ________ between the cultures of the West and East.
  A. content     B. contract
  C. contrast D. contact
  [解析] C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:东西方文化间有着明显的差别。content意为“内容,含量”;contract意为“合同,契约”;contrast意为“对比,差别”;contact意为“接触,联系”。根据句意可知C项正确。专题一 │ 新题预测  8.As the quality of the city's air continues to give rise to ________, the residents are encouraged to set off fewer fireworks.
  A.concerns     B.compromise
  C.descriptions D.emergency
  [解析] A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:随着城市空气质量持续引起担忧,居民被鼓励少放烟火。concern意为“担心,忧虑”;compromise意为“妥协,和解”;description意为“描述”;emergency意为“突发事件”。根据句意可知A项正确。专题一 │ 新题预测  9.It's reported that Steve Jobs passed away on Wednesday Oct. 5, 2011. What's your ________ of the loss that his death has brought about to Apple?
  A. association   B. assumption
  C. assessment D. appointment
  [解析] C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:史蒂夫·乔布斯于2011年10月5日去世,对于他去世给苹果公司带来的损失你看法如何?association意为“协会,联合”; assumption意为“假定,设想”; assessment意为“评价,评估”; appointment意为“约会,任命”。根据句意可知C项正确。专题一 │ 新题预测  10.Jobs once described his ________ as trying to make products that were at “the intersection(相交) of art and technology”.
  A.technology  B.geography
  C.biology D.philosophy
  [解析] D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:乔布斯曾描述他的人生哲学就是努力去生产“艺术和科技结合”的产品。technology工艺,技术;geography地理学;biology生物学;philosophy哲学,人生哲学,宗旨,见解。 专题一 │ 新题预测专题一 │ 备用习题  1.Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional________.
  A. consequence B. independence
  C. competence D. intelligence
  [解析] C 考查名词词义辨析。A项意为“结果”;B项意为“独立”;C项意为“能力”;D项意为“智力”。根据句意“老师们必须不断地更新他们的知识,目的是始终保持他们的专业能力。”可知选C合适。 备用习题  2.What's the________, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn't make an effort to help himself?
  A.sympathy B.theme
  C.object   D.point
[解析] D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:依你之见,如果他自己不努力帮助自己的话,帮他还有什么意义?A项“同情”;B项“主题”;C项“物体,目标”;D项“重点,意义”;根据题意可知答案选D。专题一 │ 备用习题  3.There's a ________ in our office that when it's somebody's birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.
 A. tradition  B. balance
  C.concern D. relationship
  [解析] A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们办公室有一个传统,当有人过生日的时候,他们会买一个蛋糕和大家一起分享。tradition“传统,惯例”,符合句意。balance平衡;concern担心,忧虑;relationship关系;均不符合句意。专题一 │ 备用习题  4.Anyway,I can't cheat him—it's against all my________.
  A.emotions B.principles
  C.regulations D.opinions
  [解析] B 考查名词词义辨析。由句意“无论如何我不能欺骗他——这违背了我的(做人)原则”可知,此处选principles,表示“避难所,原则,原则性”。emotion表示“情感”;regulation表示“规矩,规则”;opinion表示“观点,看法”。专题一 │ 备用习题  5.My flight was late and I missed the ________.  
 A. connection B. condition
  C. organization D. cooperation
  [解析] A  考查名词词义辨析。句意:航班晚点,我没赶上转机。connection 联运;转车;转机。
专题一 │ 备用习题  6.After designing some experiments, they were able to clarify the________ by which bees communicate information that they use to find and fetch food.
  A. procedure B. access
  C. method   D. approach
  [解析] A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他们在设计了一些实验之后,终于能阐明蜜蜂找到食物以及去取食物的信息交流的步骤。procedure步骤,手续;access通道,入口,接近,进入,一般与介词to搭配;method办法,方式;approach接近,临近,途径,方式,方法。从语境看,这里表示交流寻找、发现和去取食物的信息,表示“步骤”,因此选A。专题一 │ 备用习题  7.Those who suffer from headache will find they get ________ from this medicine.
 A. relief B. safety
 C. defense D. shelter
  [解析] A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。relief 表示“缓解,减轻,解除”。 safety表示“安全,保险”;defense 表示“防御,防护”; shelter表示“避难所,掩蔽,保护”。专题一 │ 备用习题  8.The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good________.
  A. expectation B. reputation
  C. contribution D. civilization
  [解析] B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这名医生精于心脏病的治疗,并且从不收取病人的任何礼物,因此他的口碑很好。reputation 意为“名声”,符合句意。其他:expectation期望;contribution贡献;civilization文明。专题一 │ 备用习题  9.Nowadays senior high school students are burdened with too many________, which is making them less and less confident.
  A. motivations B. expectations
  C. amusements D. opportunities
  [解析] B  考查名词词义辨析。句意:如今的高中学生肩负着他人太多的期待,这使他们越来越不自信。motivation动机,目的;expectation期待,预期;amusement娱乐;opportunity机会,时机。语境提到他们“肩负着”,那么不是负担着“动机”、“娱乐”或“机会”,而是肩负别人对他们的“期待”,因此选B。专题一 │ 备用习题  10.The teacher wants his students to know more about modern science and tries hard to develop a(n)________ about nature among his students.
  A. curiosity B. habit
  C. ability  D. independence
  [解析] A  考查名词词义辨析。句意:那位老师想让他的学生更多地了解现代科学,努力培养学生对大自然的好奇心。空后又有介词about,所以推出本题选A,表示“好奇心”。habit习惯;ability能力;independence独立性。专题一 │ 备用习题专题二 动 词专题二 动 词专题二 │ 专题导读 动词考查面广、灵活度强,是高考试卷的热点,也是湖北卷的必考点。每年全国各地高考试题有关核心词汇的考查达几十题,而湖北卷一般为2题。设题主要是给出四个含义不同的动词来测试考生在具体语境中对动词意义的理解和运用能力。湖北多项选择题对动词的考查有如下特点:(1)主要考查动词的词义辨析,但较少涉及动词的近义词词义辨析。(2)考查内容包括常见动词的常见意义,一词多义,以及词类转换和词义拓展,如:sniff vt.意为“闻,嗅”,可以引申为“嗤之以鼻”等。 专题导读  总之,湖北卷对动词的考查难度在逐渐增大,学习时要注意对高考词汇表中常见动词的多种意义加以巩固,并学会利用语境展开适当的联想,注意词义和词性在不同语境中的迁移和变化。此外,2012年考纲新增补动词也是考查的重点,这类词有:
  condemn 谴责
  contradict 反驳,否认
  convert 使转变,使改变
  demonstrate 说明,论证,示威
  deposit 使沉淀,存放
  emerge 出现,涌现,冒出专题二 │ 专题导读  exaggerate 夸大,夸张
  withdraw 收回;撤退
  squeeze 榨,挤;压榨
  polish 磨光
  reckon 估计,猜想,认为
  slap 掴,拍
  sponsor 发起,资助,赞助 专题二 │ 专题导读  1.[2012?湖北卷] Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and ________ every page of my draft.
  A.approved B.quoted
C.polished D.folded
[解析] C 考查动词词义辨析。题空处意为:导师给我的论文草稿每一页都修改、润色了。polish 润色,修改;approve赞成,同意;quote引用,引证;fold折叠,A、B、D三项均不符合题意。
专题二 │ 真题典例 真题典例  2.[2012?湖北卷] Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to________ our school's campaign “Help the Needy”, which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.
  A.sponsor    B.launch
C.organize D.plan
  [解析] A 考查动词词义辨析。根据题意,两名律师捐赠了五万美元资助我校的“帮助需要的人”的活动,可知最佳答案为A(赞助,资助)。launch发射,发起;organize组织;plan计划,均不符合题意。专题二 │ 真题典例  3.[2011?湖北卷] Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful but they may also ________ our thinking.
  A. direct    B. limit
  C. change D. improve
  [解析] B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果我们想要成功,知识和学习都是重要的,但是,它们也许也会限制我们的思维。direct指导,引导;improve提高,改善;change改变,变化。根据语境只有B项“限制”符合句意。专题二 │ 真题典例  4.[2011?湖北卷] The minister said, “ We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we'll never ________ with criminals.”
  A. negotiate   B. quarrel
  C. argue    D. consult
  [解析] A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:这位部长说:“我们已经做好准备和那些合法党派进行讨论了,但是我们是永远不会和那些犯罪的人谈判的。”argue讨论,辩论,争辩;consult咨询,查阅;quarrel吵架,争吵。根据语境只有A项“谈判”符合句意。专题二 │ 真题典例  5.[2011?湖北卷] Clinical evidence began to ________, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.
  A. operate   B. strengthen
  C. approve D. accumulate
  [解析] D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:临床证据开始增多,表明与之前在试验动物身上的预测相比,这种新药将会运用于更加广泛而有用的活动中去。strengthen加强;approve赞成;operate动手术,操作。根据语境只有D项“积累”符合句意。专题二 │ 真题典例  6.[2010?湖北卷] Duty is an act or a course of action that people ________ you to take by social customs, law or religion.
  A. persuade B. request
  C. instruct D. expect
  [解析] D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:义务是人们根据社会习惯、法律或宗教,期望某人应采取的某行动或一连串的行动。expect sb. to do sth. 意为“期待/希望某人做某事”。专题二 │ 真题典例  7.[2010?湖北卷] Just as the clothes a person wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time, his house ________ his personality.
  A. resembles B. strengthens
  C. reflects    D. shapes
  [解析] C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:就好像一个人穿什么,吃什么,以及和什么样的人交往能反映人的个性一样,一个人的住房也是如此。要选一个表示“反映”的词,就是reflect。resemble相似;strengthen加强,巩固; shape塑造。专题二 │ 真题典例  8.[2012?江西卷] We were all agreed that the cottage would________ a perfect holiday home for the family.
A. make B. turn
  C. take D. have
  [解析] A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们都认为那间(乡村)小屋可以成为这个家庭的一个极好的假日之家。make意为“使成为”,符合语境。turn意为“使改变方向,转动”;take意为“带走”;have意为“有”。专题二 │ 真题典例  9.[2012?全国课标卷] If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will ________ her.
  A.persuade B.promise
  C.invite   D.support
  [解析] A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果她不想去,你说什么都不能说服她。根据句意选A。persuade说服;promise许诺;invite 邀请; support支持。专题二 │ 真题典例  10.[2012?天津卷] Parents and children should communicate more to ________ the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.
  A.open      B.narrow
  C.widen     D.leave
  [解析] B 考查动词词义辨析。根据后面的 “…so that they can understand each other better”可知选narrow(缩小)。专题二 │ 真题典例  11.[2012?浙江卷] According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to ________ from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.
  A.differ   B.shrink
  C.fail    D.decline
  [解析] D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:根据科学家的观点,我们的大脑能力在22岁达到顶峰,然后从27岁开始逐渐下滑。differ表示“与……不同”;shrink表示“收缩”;fail表示“失败”,都与语境不符。故选D项。专题二 │ 真题典例  12.[2011?安徽卷] As the story________, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered.
  A. begins   B.happens
  C. ends    D. develops
  [解析] D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:随着故事的发展,关于那个奇怪的人物的真相慢慢地被发现了。空白处应填develop,表示“发展”。专题二 │ 真题典例  13.[2011?福建卷] I'd prefer to________ my judgement until I find all the evidence.
  A. show    B. express
  C. pass    D. reserve
  [解析] D 考查动词词义辨析。根据语境“我在找到所有的证据之前宁愿保留自己的判断。”可知选D。专题二 │ 真题典例  14.[2011?江苏卷] —Are you still mad at her?
  — Not really, but I can't________ that her remarks hurt me.
  A. deny       B. refuse
  C. reject D. decline
  [解析] A 考查动词词义辨析。A项意为“否认”;B项意为“拒绝”;C项意为“拒绝,抵制”;D项意为“下降,谢绝”。根据句意“你仍然生她的气吗?”“不完全是,但是我无法否认她的评论伤了我。”可知选A项。专题二 │ 真题典例  15.[2011?辽宁卷] You are old enough to________your own living.
  A.win B. gain
  C. take D. earn
  [解析] D 考查动词搭配。earn one's living的意思是“自谋生计”,符合句意“你已经足够成熟了,应该自谋生计了”。专题二 │ 真题典例专题二 │ 新题预测  1.The organizing committee announces that tickets at the Grand Stadium are limited and will be ________ to those who apply first.
  A. advocated B. allocated
  C. approved D. acquired
  [解析] B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:组委会宣称大体育场的票有限,将分配给先申请的人。advocate意为“提倡,主张”;allocate意为“分派,分配”;approve意为“批准,赞成”;acquire意为“获得,学到”。根据句意可知B项正确。 新题预测  2.To be honest, we ________ that there have been dreadful mistakes and inexcusable mistreatment in the past, but we have learned a lot from them.
  A. appreciate     B. accumulate
  C. assess D. acknowledge
  [解析] D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:说实话,我们过去的确是犯过可怕的错误和不可饶恕的暴行,但从中我们也获益颇多。appreciate意为“欣赏,感激”;accumulate意为“积累,增加”;assess意为“评定,估算”;acknowledge意为“承认”。根据句意可知D项正确。专题二 │ 新题预测  3.Scientists haven't ________ the cause but believe it may be the result of several factors in combination.
  A.distinguished B.declared
  C.recognized D.identified
  [解析] D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:科学家们还没确定原因,但相信这可能是由于几个因素结合的结果。distinguish意为“区别,辨认,使显著”;declare意为“宣布(声明),申报”;recognize意为“承认,认出,意识到”; identify意为“鉴定,识别,认同”。根据句意可知D项正确。专题二 │ 新题预测  4.Your plan, as well as his, sounds original. But the company, I think, won't ________ either of them, for they are unrealistic.
  A. abolish B. comment
  C. approve D. overlook
  [解析] C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:你和他的计划听起来很新颖,但我认为公司不会赞成任何一个,因为它们都不切实际。abolish意为“废除,消灭”;comment意为“评论,注释”;approve意为“批准,赞成”;overlook意为“俯瞰,忽视”。根据句意可知C项正确。专题二 │ 新题预测  5.In a formal football match, each team can have three players to ________ their teammates when necessary.
  A. replace   B. substitute
  C. represent D. exchange
  [解析] B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在正式的足球比赛中,每个队可以有三名队员在必要时作替补。substitute意为“替代,顶替”,符合句意。replace意为“替换,调换”;represent意为“代表”;exchange意为“交换”。专题二 │ 新题预测  6.Three years ago, a society was set up to ________ the endangered animals and plants from dying out in this area.
  A. obtain    B. preserve
  C. observe D. deserve
  [解析] B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:三年前,一个协会被建立起来保护这个地区的濒临灭绝的动植物。obtain意为“获得,得到”;preserve意为“保护,保存”;observe意为“观察,遵守”;deserve意为“应受,值得”。 preserve from意为“保护……使不受害或损失”,根据句意可知B项正确。专题二 │ 新题预测  7.Their lack of qualifications ________ them to a lifetime of boring, usually poorly-paid work.
  A.devoted     B.referred
  C.condemned D.classified
  [解析] C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:资历不够使他们一辈子只能做枯燥低薪的工作。devote意为“致力于;奉献给”;refer意为“参考,谈及”;condemn意为“谴责,使……注定,判刑”;classify意为“分类;归类”。根据句意可知C项正确。专题二 │ 新题预测  8.To maintain national balance, the government has ________ a policy of encouraging college graduates to take positions in rural areas.
  A. observed B. abandoned
  C. adopted D. modified
  [解析] C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:为维持国家的平衡,政府已经采取政策,鼓励大学毕业生在农村地区就业。observe意为“观察,遵守,注意到”;abandon意为“抛弃,放纵”;adopt意为“采用,收养”;modify意为“修改,更改”。根据句意可知C项正确。专题二 │ 新题预测  9.The copyright administrative authorities may take away their illegal income or ________ a fine on them.
  A. expose B. impose
  C. oppose D. suppose
  [解析] B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:著作权行政管理部门可能收走他们的非法收入或者对他们处以罚款。expose意为“揭露,使面临,使暴露”;impose意为“推行,强加,征收”;oppose意为“反对,对抗”;suppose意为“假设,认为”。根据句意可知B项正确。专题二 │ 新题预测  10.Do not fear them; for there is nothing covered that will not be ________, and nothing hidden that will not be made known.
  A.criticized B.defined
  C.estimated D.revealed
  [解析] D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:不要害怕他们,因为掩盖的事没有不被揭露的,隐藏的事没有不被知道的。criticize意为“批评,评论”;define意为“给……下定义,明确”;estimate意为“估算,估价”;reveal意为“揭示,透露”。根据句意可知D项正确。
专题二 │ 新题预测专题二 │ 备用习题  1.You‘d better wash the shirt in cold water, or the color will________. 
  A.lose B.go C.run D.drop
  [解析] C 考查动词词义辨析。根据语境,你最好在凉水里洗这件衬衣,否则它会褪色。其中run是指“褪色,掉色”。 备用习题  2.William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to________.
  A.disappear B.fall
  C.fail   D.damage
  [解析] C 考查动词词义辨析。fail在这里表示“衰退”。B项有一定的干扰性,fall一般指“落下,下降”,而从was beginning to表示“逐渐”来看,我们可以排除B项。专题二 │ 备用习题  3.I admit I made a lot of mistakes in the work,and I will ________responsibility for them.
  A.secure   B.assume
  C.decline   D.accept
  [解析] B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我承认在工作中我犯了许多错误,我会为之承担责任。此处assume意为:承担(责任)。专题二 │ 备用习题  4.Nancy asked Smith to take tea with her. He________, fearing to cause her inconvenience.
  A.ignored B.declined
  C.resisted D.cancelled
  [解析] B ignore 表示“不顾,不理,忽视”,含有视而不见、不加理会等含义;decline 表示“下降,衰退,谢绝”;resist 表示“反抗,抵制;抗,耐,拒受……的影响”;cancel 表示“取消,废除”。语境提到“请他喝茶”和“害怕带来不方便”,可见这里表示谢绝了对方的盛情邀请,因此选B。专题二 │ 备用习题  5.When I arrived I saw the place was already ________ by two strangers in uniforms.
  A. conquered B. occupied
  C. possessed D. owned
  [解析] B 考查动词辨析。语境表示这个地方已经被别人占领了,用动词occupy表示“占据,占有,占领”。专题二 │ 备用习题  6.It is required that all traffic participants should________the traffic rules to make traffic safer and faster.
 A. perform B. observe
  C. support D. possess
  [解析] B 考查动词辨析。此处observe the traffic rules为固定表达,意为“遵守交通法规”,据此选B项。专题二 │ 备用习题  7.The middle-aged man said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to ________ his acceptance in writing.
  A.confirm  B.convey
  C.convince D.consider
  [解析] A 考查动词词义辨析。confirm承认;确认;convey传递;convince说服;consider考虑。根据句意选A。专题二 │ 备用习题  8.In our school students are ________ according to how much they know and how old they are.
  A.classified     B.combined
 C.condemned D.betrayed
  [解析] A 考查动词词义辨析。此处classify意为:分类。句意:在我们的学校,学生按他们知道的多少和年龄分班。专题二 │ 备用习题  9.From facts, scientists have ________ that more energy is being absorbed from the sun, throwing the earth's energy “out of balance”.
  A. confirmed   B. concluded
  C. concentrated D. centred
  [解析] B 考查动词词义辨析。此处concluded意为:得出结论。confirm承认,确认;concentrate集中(注意力),聚精会神;centre把……放在中央。专题二 │ 备用习题  10.Hearing that most of the members voted against her, she ________ a smile.
 A.wore   B. managed
  C.performed D.controlled
  [解析] B 考查动词词义辨析。此处manage a smile意为:强作笑脸。wear穿着,戴着;perform表演;control控制。专题二 │ 备用习题专题三 动词短语专题三 动词短语专题三 │ 专题导读  湖北高考英语多项选择题对动词短语的考查平均每年都有1—2题。此类试题有如下特点:(1)只考查短语的含义,不考查语法的变化。(2)答案选项的呈现形式日趋复杂化和多样性,无明显的规律和特征。主要包括三种形态:①以动词为词源,展开介词或副词的变化;②以介词或副词为词源,展开动词的变化;③动词与介词、副词交叉搭配。其中,第三种设题方式逐渐成为热点。 专题导读在动词短语的测试中,绝大多数为基础动词的考查,出现频率较高的词有:get,turn,make,put,go,give,break,cut,come,look,keep,bring,show,pick,hold,fall,carry,pull,catch,call,take等。
  在备考过程中要注意对动词短语进行归纳、比较,熟练掌握常见动词短语的基本含义以及转换意义。比如动词短语pick up在词典上就有近十种含义,再比如call up可表示“(从计算机上)调出(信息)”,只有全面掌握动词短语的常见含义,做题时才能明白动词短语的不同意思,并且能区别相似短语的意义,从而选出正确答案。 专题三 │ 专题导读  1.[2012?湖北卷] Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to ________ his courage.
  A.hold up B.keep up
C.set up D.take up
  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。根据句意“这个男孩独自走在黑暗中,吹着口哨以保持(继续)前进的勇气”,所以最佳答案为B(保持,使不低落)。hold up举起,支撑,使停顿;set up建立;take up拿起,占用,开始做,从事;A、C、D三项均不符合题意。专题三 │ 真题典例 真题典例  2.[2012?湖北卷] I'm so glad you've come here to ________ this matter in person.
  A.lead to B.see to
C.turn to D.refer to
  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:很高兴您能亲自来这里处理这件事情。所以最佳答案为B(处理,料理)。lead to 导致,通向;turn to转向,求助于;refer to查阅,谈论,提及,均不符合题意。专题三 │ 真题典例  3.[2011?湖北卷] The government has taken measures to ________ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
  A. take down   B. bring down
  C. hand down  D. tear down
  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格,以保持市场的稳定。tear down拆除;hand down传递,流传;take down拆卸,记录。根据语境只有B项“使……降低”符合句意。专题三 │ 真题典例  4.[2010?湖北卷] Had she________her promise, she would have made it to Yale University.
  A. looked up to B. lived up to
  C. kept up with D. come up with
  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果她当年履行了自己的诺言,她就会进入耶鲁大学了。look up to抬头看,尊重;keep up with跟上;come up with想出;提出。只有live up to“履行,实行”符合题意。专题三 │ 真题典例  5. [2012?江西卷] I've ________ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school.
A. come into B. gone into
  C. got into D. run into
  [解析] C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:我已经养成了从学校回家时顺路拜访我祖父母的习惯。get into意为“养成,学会,习惯于”,符合语境。come into意为“进入;参加”;go into意为“进入;从事;调查”;run into意为“猛撞;偶然遇见;遇到(困难)”。专题三 │ 真题典例  6.[2012?安徽卷] The athlete's years of hard training ________ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
  A. went on B. got through
  C. paid off D. ended up
  [解析] C 考查动词短语辨析。pay off意为“得到好结果,取得成功”。专题三 │ 真题典例  7.[2012?福建卷] You had better ________ some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.
  A.set aside   B.take up
  C.put away   D.give out
  [解析] A 考查动词短语辨析。句意:你最好每天留出一些时间运动以保持充沛的精力。set aside留出,拨出;take up占据;put away收起来;give out分发。专题三 │ 真题典例  8.[2012?江苏卷] — OK, I've had enough of it. I give up.
  — You can't ________ your responsibilities.
  A. run off with B. run up against
  C. run out of  D. run away from
  [解析] D 考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知答句表示“你不能逃避责任”,故run away from“躲避,逃避”正确。run off with偷走;与……私奔;run up against偶遇;run out of用完。专题三 │ 真题典例  9.[2012?课标全国卷] Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can ________ almost every word her teacher says.
  A.put out B.put down
  C.put away D.put together
  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。put out熄灭; put down记下,写下;put away收拾,放好;put together放在一起。句意:玛丽非常擅长在课上记笔记。她几乎能把老师说的每个词都写下来。专题三 │ 真题典例  10.[2012?辽宁卷] Rod loves ________ clocks. However, he never manages to put them together again.
  A.taking apart B.giving away
  C.making up  D.turning off
  [解析] A 考查动词短语辨析。从put them together我们知道,Rod喜欢拆钟表,而take apart就是“拆开”的意思。句意:Rod喜欢拆钟表,然而他从来不能成功把钟表再安装起来。give away分发,捐赠,泄露某事或出卖某人;make up组成,化妆,虚构;turn off关闭。专题三 │ 真题典例  11.[2012?全国卷Ⅱ] We ________ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
  A.set about  B.set up
  C.set out   D.set down
  [解析] C 考查动词短语辨析。 根据句意空白处表示“开始做某事”,用set out to do sth。 set about与其意义相同,但是后面跟动名词形式;set up建立;set down 写下,记下。专题三 │ 真题典例  12.[2012?陕西卷] He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system ________.
  A.broke in B.broke up
  C.broke out D.broke down
  [解析] D 考查动词短语辨析。break in打断,闯入;break up结束,散开,分解;break out爆发;break down崩溃,垮掉,出毛病,抛锚。句意:他不得不时不时地停下来擦去额头上的汗水,因为空调出毛病了。故选D。专题三 │ 真题典例专题三 │ 新题预测  1.Over the years she had tried her best to ________ the terrible memory, but it was not an easy task.
  A. live on B. block out C. bring back D. call up
  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:多年来她一直想要封闭那段可怕的回忆,但这一点儿都不容易。live on意为“靠……过活,以……为主食,继续存在”; block out意为“挡住,遮住,忘掉,抹去(不愉快的事)”;bring back意为“带回来,使记起,使恢复”; call up意为“给……打电话,使想起”。根据句意可知B项正确。 新题预测  2.The rise in the use of the wood fuel has ________ the disappearance of forest and the loss of habitats for pandas.
  A. relied on B. resulted from
  C. set off D. contributed to
  [解析] D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:木头燃料使用的增加导致了森林的消失和熊猫栖息地的减少。rely on意为“依靠,信赖”;result from意为“起因于”;set off意为“出发,使爆炸,激起”;contribute to意为“促成,为……捐款/撰稿”。根据句意可知D项正确。专题三 │ 新题预测  3.It's surprising that your brother ________ Russian so quickly—he hasn't lived there very long.
  A.picked up  B.looked up
  C.put up    D.made up
  [解析] A 考查动词短语辨析。pick up此处意为“(无意之间、偶然地)学会”;look up意为“(在书籍中)查找”;put up意为“举起;张贴;搭建”;make up意为“构成;编造”。句意:令人惊奇的是,你弟弟这么快就学会俄语了——他在那儿生活的时间并不长。根据句意选A。专题三 │ 新题预测  4.Don't be so discouraged. If you ________such feelings, you will feel better next time.
  A. carry on B. get back
  C. break down D. put away
  [解析] D 考查动词短语辨析。句意:不要这么沮丧,如果你能收起这些情绪,下次你会感觉好些的。carry on意为“继续进行”;get back意为“取回来,恢复”;break down意为“打破,把……分解,崩溃”;put away意为“收拾,放好,打消”。根据句意可知D项正确。专题三 │ 新题预测  5.Without any better alternatives, the committee eventually accepted his scheme, though still skeptical whether it would ________.
  A.pick up B.set out
  C.pay off D.take in
  [解析] C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:没有更好的办法,委员会最终接受了他的方案,尽管能否成功仍值得怀疑。pick up意为“捡起,接人,(偶然)学会”;set out意为“出发,开始”;pay off意为“偿清(欠款等),取得成功,有报偿”;take in意为“接受,理解,包括,欺骗”。根据句意可知C项正确。专题三 │ 新题预测  6.Armed with the information you have gathered, you can ________ preparing your business plan.
  A.set out    B.set about
  C.set off   D.set up
  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:收集到信息后,你能够开始准备你的商业计划了。set about表示“开始做,着手做……”,其后跟动名词形式。set out意为“开始从事……”,后接to do;set off表示“出发;使爆炸;引起(某反应)”;set up表示“搭建”,都与语境不符,所以选B项。专题三 │ 新题预测  7.If you ________ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
  A. come across B. care about
  C. look for   D. focus upon
  [解析] A 考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果你碰到有瑕疵的自行车,但是你仍然想买下它,就让店员降低价格。come across“碰到,偶然遇到”;care about“关心;在乎”;look for“寻找”;focus upon“使集中于……”。
专题三 │ 新题预测  8.He can't seem to ________ to a steady job; every two years or so he quits it, moves to another city and starts again.
  A.settle down   B.settle in
  C.settle up    D.settle on
  [解析] A 考查动词短语辨析。句意:他似乎不能找一份固定的工作安定下来,大概每隔两年他就放弃,搬去另一个城市重新开始。settle down意为“安下心来,定居,习惯于某种生活方式或职业”;settle in意为“迁入,适应”,不与to搭配;settle up意为“付清,还清欠款”;settle on意为“选定”。根据句意可知A项正确。专题三 │ 新题预测  9.According to today's paper, the fine weather will ________ for a few days. Let's go picnicking this weekend, OK?
  A.stay up   B.keep up
  C.clear up D.make up
  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:根据今天的报纸,好天气会持续几天。我们这周末去野餐,好吗?stay up意为“熬夜”;keep up意为“保持,继续”;clear up意为“打扫,清理,(天气)放晴”;make up意为“组成,编造,化妆”。根据句意可知B项正确。专题三 │ 新题预测  10.Born into a family with three brothers, David was________ to value the sense of sharing.
  A. brought up B. turned down
  C. looked after  D. held back
  [解析] A 考查动词短语辨析。句意:戴维家有三兄弟,所以他在成长过程中珍视分享意识。bring up意为“教育,养育”。 专题三 │ 新题预测专题三 │ 备用习题  1.The company is discussing the new idea that you________for increasing sales.
  A.came up to B.came up with
  C.came along D.came across
  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:公司正在讨论你提出来的增加销售的新理念。此处come up with意为“提出”。 备用习题  3.We should know that we can only reach the top if we are ready to ________ and learn from failure.
  A.deal with    B.stick to
  C.carry on   D.go with
  [解析] A 考查动词短语辨析。此处deal with意为“处理,对付”。句意:我们应知道:如果我们准备好对付失败并且从失败中吸取教训,我们就能到达顶点。专题三 │ 备用习题  3.We should know that we can only reach the top if we are ready to ________ and learn from failure.
  A.deal with B.stick to
  C.carry on D.go with
  [解析] A 考查动词短语辨析。此处deal with意为“处理,对付”。句意:我们应知道:如果我们准备好对付失败并且从失败中吸取教训,我们就能到达顶点。专题三 │ 备用习题  4.Elizabeth took up writing while she was at college and regularly________the college magazine, which benefited her later career a lot.
  A.waited for   B.appealed to
  C.contributed to D.came for
  [解析] C 考查动词短语辨析。此处contribute to the college magazine意为:给大学杂志投稿。
专题三 │ 备用习题  5.[2011?江苏卷] —You look upset. What's the matter?
  —I had my proposal________ again.
  A. turned over   B. turned on
  C. turned off   D. turned down
  [解析] D 考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“移交”;B项意为“打开”;C项意为“关闭”;D项意为“拒绝”。根据句意“你看上去很沮丧。出什么事了?”“我的提议又被拒绝了。”可知选D项。专题三 │ 备用习题  6.You can't predict everything. Often things don't ________ as you expect.
  A.run out  B.break out
  C.work out D.put out
  [解析] C 考查动词短语辨析。句意:你不能预料到所有的事情;有些事情的结果往往和你料想的不一样。A项“用光”;B项“爆发”;C项“产生结果;解决;制定”;D项“扑灭;出版”,根据句意答案选C。专题三 │ 备用习题  7.The exam results will be________on Friday afternoon.
  A. put down B. put off
  C. put up  D. put away
  [解析] C 考查动词短语辨析。put down 写下,放下,镇压;put off 延期,推迟;put up 举起,张贴,公布,搭建;put away 放好。根据句意“考试结果会在周五下午公布”可知答案为C。专题三 │ 备用习题  8.I can________ the house being untidy,but I hate it if it's not clean.
  A.come up with B.put up with
  C.turn to D.stick to
  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。说话人表达的是“我可以忍受房子不整洁,但是……”。put up with在这里的意思是“忍受”。其他选项中,come up with想出;turn to转向,求助于,翻到;stick to坚持。专题三 │ 备用习题   9. They are broadening the bridge to ________ the flow of traffic.
  A.put off   B.speed up
  C.turn on    D.work out
  [解析] B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:他们正在加宽桥梁以提高车流的速度。put off推迟,延期;speed up(使)加快速度;turn on打开(开关、电器等);work out计算出,解决,制定,锻炼,以某种方式发展。根据句意只有B项符合语境。专题三 │ 备用习题  10.Some insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
  A. take in    B. take off
  C. take on   D. take out
  [解析] C 考查动词短语辨析。take in“吸收;欺骗”;take off “脱掉;起飞;成名”;take on“呈现,显现”;take out“拿出,取出”。句意:一些昆虫可以呈现它们周围环境的颜色来保护自己。故选C。专题三 │ 备用习题专题四 形容词与副词专题四 形容词与副词专题四 │ 专题导读  湖北卷多项选择题对形容词和副词的考查主要是词义辨析,不包括形容词与副词其他方面的用法。此类试题有如下特点:(1)试题难度和题数在适当增加,所考查的词汇相对较生僻、不常用。很多试题尽管选项含义不同,却很难根据句意迅速确定答案。(2)试题更强调语境理解能力的考查。几乎每个题干都比较长,有丰富的语境和适当的干扰。在复习备考中,要全面掌握考纲要求的词汇,对于出现频率不是很高的以及拼写较长的形容词、副词要尤其引起重视。此外,2012年考纲新增补的形容词和副词也是考查的重点,这类词有: 专题导读abnormal 不正常的,变态的
authentic 真实的,可靠的,可信的
contradictory 互相矛盾的,对立的
controversial 争论的,争议的
deliberate 故意的,小心翼翼的,不慌不忙的
enormous 巨大的,庞大的
consistent 始终如一的,持续的,一致的
optional 可以选择的
parallel 平行的
random 随机的专题四 │ 专题导读sniff 嗤之以鼻的
subtle 微妙的,精巧的
superb 壮丽的,超等的
tentative 暂定的,不确定的,不果断的
ultimate 最后的,最终的
virtually 实际上,事实上
deliberately 审慎地,蓄意地,故意地
stiffly 呆板地,顽固地,僵硬地 专题四 │ 专题导读  1.[2012?湖北卷] Whether the buildings in this area should be pulled down has remained ________; people are still looking for other possible solutions.
 A.unchallenged B.relevant
  C.controversial D.contradictory
  [解析] C 考查形容词词义辨析。根据后面语境“人们仍然在寻找其他可能的解决方案”可知controversial(引起争议的,有争议的)最符合题意。unchallenged未受到挑战的;relevant相关的;contradictory矛盾的,均不符合题意。专题四 │ 真题典例 真题典例  2.[2012?湖北卷] “Perhaps we need to send for Dr.Smith to see what we can do about it,” Father suggested ________ to his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem.
 A.tentatively B.thoughtlessly
 C.definitely D.rudely
  [解析] A 考查副词词义辨析。根据句首的perhaps可知父亲提建议并不是十分肯定,tentatively (试探性地,不肯定地)为最佳答案。thoughtlessly粗心大意地,欠考虑地;definitely无疑地,确定地;rudely 粗鲁地,均不符合题意。专题四 │ 真题典例  3.[2012?湖北卷] Can you tell the ________ difference between the words “require” and “request”? I sometimes get puzzled by their meanings.
 A.dramatic B.regional
 C.apparent D.subtle
  [解析] D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据句意:您能告诉我“请求”和“要求”的细微差异吗?subtle(细微的)最合题意。dramatic戏剧的;regional地区的;apparent表面的,明显的,均不符合题意。专题四 │ 真题典例  4.[2011?湖北卷] The old engineer's eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was ________,though slow.
  A. shaky    B. heavy
  C. casual D. steady
  [解析] D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这位工程师的双眼仍然神采奕奕,即便满脸已经布满了皱纹。在穿过这个房间的时候,尽管走得很慢,但是却很平稳。shaky颤抖的;casual随便的,非正式的;heavy沉重的。根据语境只有D项“平稳的”符合句意。专题四 │ 真题典例  5.[2011?湖北卷] An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person's character; however, they are not always ________.
  A. practical   B. avoidable
  C. permanent D. beneficial
  [解析] C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:一个不快乐的童年也许会对一个孩子的个性产生一些消极的影响;然而,这种影响也不是长久的。practical实际的,实践的;avoidable可以避免的;beneficial有利的,有益的。根据语境只有C项“永久的”符合句意。专题四 │ 真题典例  6.[2011?湖北卷] The state-run company is required to make its accounts as ________ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.
  A. transparent B. reasonable
  C. secure D. formal
  [解析] A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:国有企业被要求让它的账目都要尽可能地透明,让它的员工监督钱的用处。reasonable合理的;secure安全的;formal正式的。根据语境只有A项“透明的”符合句意。专题四 │ 真题典例  7.[2010?湖北卷] In this lecture, I can only give you a purely ________ view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
  A. private B. personal
  C. unique D. different
  [解析] B 考查形容词词义辨析。C表示“独特的”,D表示“不同的”,只有A和B比较接近。根据词义可以快速排除C和D。private表示“私人的,私下的”; personal表示“个人的”, personal view表示“个人观点”。专题四 │ 真题典例  8.[2010?湖北卷] Mistakes don't just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason and then making the mistake becomes________.
  A. favorable B. precious
  C. essential D. worthwhile
  [解析] D 考查形容词词义辨析。worthwhile表示“值得的,有价值的”,表示犯错误是值得的。A表示“喜爱的,赞同的”;B表示“珍贵的”;C表示“本质的”。专题四 │ 真题典例  9.[2010?湖北卷] If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my ________ reaction will be to tell the police.
  A. physical B. immediate
  C. sensitive D. sudden
  [解析] B 考查形容词词义辨析。physical表示“身体的”; sudden表示“突然的”; sensitive表示“敏感的”,只有immediate表示“立刻,马上”,等同于at once。根据词义可得出答案。故选B。专题四 │ 真题典例  10.[2010?湖北卷] I wasn't blaming anyone; I ________ said errors like this could be avoided.
  A. merely B. mostly
  C. rarely D. nearly
  [解析] A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:我并没有责怪任何人,我只是说类似这种错误是可以避免的。merely意为“仅仅,只不过”符合句意表达。mostly大部分地,通常地;nearly几乎; rarely很少地,几乎不。专题四 │ 真题典例  11.[2012?安徽卷] Interest is as ________ to learning as the ability to understand, even more so.
  A. vital    B. available
  C. specific D. similar
  [解析] A 考查形容词词义辨析。vital意为“极重要的”。句意:兴趣对学习来说和理解能力一样重要,甚至更重要。专题四 │ 真题典例  12.[2012?福建卷] —Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind?
  —Sorry. I returned it to the library just now. Maybe it is still ________.
  A.available  B.affordable
  C.acceptable D.valuable
  [解析] A 考查形容词词义辨析。句中说话人刚把书还回图书馆,可能还可以借到。available可得到的,可借到的;affordable负担得起的;acceptable可接受的;valuable有价值的。专题四 │ 真题典例  13.[2012?山东卷] Be ________ —you can't expect me to finish all this work in so little time.
  A. reasonable B. confident
  C. creative D. grateful
  [解析] A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:理性一点吧,你不能指望我在这么短的时间内干完所有的活儿。reasonable“明理的,理性的”,符合题意。confident有信心的;creative有创造性的;grateful感激的。专题四 │ 真题典例  14.[2012?天津卷] The secretary arranged a(n) ________ time and place for the applicants to have an interview.
  A.important   B.spare
  C.public    D.convenient
  [解析] D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:秘书安排了一个方便的时间和地点让申请人进行一次面试。convenient方便的。专题四 │ 真题典例  15.[2012?浙江卷] The research lacks ________ evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.
  A.solid   B.fierce
  C.severe   D.potential
  [解析] A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:该研究缺乏有力的证据,因此其结论值得怀疑。solid意为“固定的,有力的”,符合语境。fierce表示“激烈的”;severe表示“严重的”;potential表示“潜在的”,都不符合语意,故选A项。专题四 │ 真题典例专题四 │ 新题预测  1.The suspect is expected to be brought to justice, as another ________ witness has promised to come in court.
  A.secure B.reliable
  C.punctual D.respectful
  [解析] B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:预计嫌疑犯会被绳之以法,因为另一个可靠的证人许诺出庭作证。secure意为“安全的,牢固的,有把握的”;reliable意为“可靠的,真实可信的”;punctual意为“准时的,严守时间的”;respectful意为“有礼貌的,谦恭的”。根据句意可知B项正确。 新题预测  2.Although some children spend too much time playing online games, the reasons are not ________ to completely forbid them to use the computer.
 A. sufficient  B. compulsory
  C. alternative D. tolerant
  [解析] A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:尽管有些孩子花太多的时间玩网络游戏,这些原因并不足以完全禁止他们去使用电脑。sufficient意为“足够的,充分的”;compulsory意为“强制的,义务的”;alternative意为“两者择一的,供选择的”;tolerant意为“宽容的,容忍的”。根据句意可知A项正确。专题四 │ 新题预测  3.Rome was not built in a day. You should set ________goals and work hard to achieve them.
  A.alternative B.considerable
  C.subjective D.realistic
  [解析] D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:伟业建成非一日之功。你应制定切合实际的目标并努力实现它们。alternative两者择一的,可供选择的;considerable相当的;subjective主观的;realistic切合实际的。专题四 │ 新题预测  4.After six months' training, the whole team is ________ in form, and is expected to be able to get through to the final.
  A. superb  B. automatic
  C. cautious D. enthusiastic
  [解析] A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:6个月的训练之后,整个队伍状态极佳,有望一直打进决赛。superb意为“极好的,高质量的”;automatic意为“自动的,无意识的”;cautious意为“小心的,谨慎的”;enthusiastic意为“热情的”。根据句意,只有A项能用来描述经过训练即将参加比赛的队伍的状态。专题四 │ 新题预测  5.Many doctors complain that they don't have ________ working hours, for they have to wait for patients all day long in the hospital.
 A. particular  B. specific
  C. flexible D. adequate
  [解析] C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:许多医生抱怨他们没有灵活的工作时间,因为他们不得不整天在医院等待病人。particular意为“特殊的,挑剔的”;specific意为“明确的,特定的”;flexible意为“灵活的,易弯曲的”;adequate意为“足够的,适当的”。根据句意可知C项正确。专题四 │ 新题预测  6.Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ________ respected.
  A.especially B.equally
  C.naturally D.normally
  [解析] B 考查副词辨析。根据语境,任何人,无论是官员还是公交司机,都应该受到同等尊敬。故本题选B。专题四 │ 新题预测  7.We used to see each other ________, but I haven't heard from him since last year.
  A.especially  B.regularly
  C.particularly   D.approximately
  [解析] B 考查副词辨析。especially特别地,专门地;regularly定期地(表示频率);particularly特别,尤其;approximately近似地,大约。本题的关键词是but, haven't heard from, since last year,这说明我们过去是定期见面的。句意:我们过去定期见面,但是自从去年我就失去了他的音讯。专题四 │ 新题预测  8.Once each year the spacecraft will be awakened for about 50 days to ________ test the systems, make course corrections and calibrate its scientific instruments.
  A. widely    B. thoroughly
 C. entirely D. extensively
  [解析] B 考查副词词义辨析。句意:太空船每年会被唤醒一次,为期约50天,以彻底检查系统、修正航道、校准科学仪器。widely意为“广泛地”;thoroughly意为“彻底地”;entirely意为“完全地,全部地”;extensively意为“广泛地,大规模地”。根据句意可知B项正确。专题四 │ 新题预测  9.With time and patience, you'll ________ come to realize that the Southern American football is different from the European football in many ways.
  A. sensitively  B. immediately
  C. automatically D. gradually
  [解析] D 考查副词词义辨析。句意:只要有时间和耐心,你会逐渐意识到南美的足球和欧洲足球在很多方面存在差异。题干中的time和patience说明“认识”是一个逐渐的过程,所以选D项。sensitively意为“易感知地;神经过敏地”;immediately意为“立即,直接地”;automatically意为“自动地,机械地”;gradually意为“逐渐地”。专题四 │ 新题预测  10.In a sense, no country, big or small, should object to the trend of peace and development, ________ creating trouble to others.
  A. constantly    B. eventually
  C. finally D. immediately
  [解析] A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:从某种意义上说,任何一个国家,不论大小,不应该反对和平与发展的潮流,不断地给别的国家造成困扰。constantly意为“不断地,经常地”;eventually意为“最后,终于”;finally意为“最后,最终”;immediately意为“立即,直接地”。根据句意可知A项正确。                专题四 │ 新题预测专题四 │ 备用习题  1.As long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses, all the strange beliefs are________to go out of our life.
  A.necessary   B.important
  C.difficult    D.bound 备用习题  [解析] D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:只要我们坚持在公众中传播科学知识,所有的奇怪的信仰一定会从我们的生活中消失。A项意为“必要的,必需的”,B项意为“重要的”,C项意为“困难的,艰难的”,D项意为“注定的”。从语意和搭配看,这里用固定短语be bound to do sth,表示“注定做某事”,故选D项。专题四 │ 备用习题  2.China needs to strike a balance between maintaining a(n) ________ fast and stable development and economic structural adjustment.
  A.relatively B.seemingly
  C.approximately D.environmentally
  [解析] A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:中国需要保持相对稳定快速的发展和经济结构调整相适应的平衡。专题四 │ 备用习题  3.The house, which is large and is surrounded by trees and flowers, is________what she longs for.
  A.directly B.extremely
  C.skillfully D.exactly
  [解析] D 考查副词词义辨析。 directly直接地; extremely 极端地;skillfully熟练地; exactly确切地。专题四 │ 备用习题  4.I didn't like her at first, but in the end I ________ got quite fond of her.
  A.exactly  B.fluently
  C.frequently D.actually
  [解析] D 考查副词词义辨析。此处actually意为“的确”。句意:我起初不喜欢她,可最后我的确很喜欢她。专题四 │ 备用习题  5.I expressed my opposition directly and I didn't want to give you a (n)________impression.
  A.urgent  B.illegal
  C.impolite D.false
  [解析] D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我直接提出反对的意见,因为我不想给你一个虚伪的印象。A 项意为“迫切的,紧急的”;B项意为“非法的”;C项意为“无礼的”;D项意为“不正确的,虚伪的”。专题四 │ 备用习题  6.Letters to the editor must carry the writer's full name, which indicates that writers are held________for what they say.
  A.considerate B.reasonable
  C.independent D.responsible
  [解析] D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:写给编辑的信必须有作者的全名,这就表明,作者必须为他们所写的内容负责。considerate体贴的,体谅的;reasonable合理的;independent独立的;responsible负责的,承担责任的。结合语意判断选D。专题四 │ 备用习题  7.I should consider myself failing my duty if I didn't take________action at that moment.
  A.sudden   B.general
  C.personal   D.immediate
  [解析] D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:如果那时我不立即采取行动的话,我应该认为自己失职。sudden突然的;general一般的;personal个人的;immediate立即的。
专题四 │ 备用习题  8.Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have ________ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.
  A.heavy B.smooth
  C.flexible D.complex
  [解析] C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在外工作的母亲们应该有灵活的时间以便照看孩子们。表示“灵活的”用flexible。heavy沉重的; smooth光滑的,滑顺的; complex复杂的,难懂的。专题四 │ 备用习题  9.I'm quite sure that it is________ impossible for me to fulfill the task in only two days without anyone to help me.
  A.absolutely B.approximately
  C.hardly   D.desperately
  [解析] A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:我很确定,在没有任何人帮助的情况下,仅仅两天内完成这项任务对我来说是完全不可能的。absolutely 完全地,绝对地;approximately 大约地,大概地;hardly 几乎不;desperately拼命地,绝望地。专题四 │ 备用习题  10.When I saw Mum nod________to me,I calmed down and went on with my acting.
  A.encouragingly B.amazingly
  C.increasingly    D.accordingly
  [解析] A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:当我看见妈妈朝我点头鼓劲时,我镇定下来继续表演。amazingly吃惊地;increasingly逐渐地,不断增加地;accordingly因此,相应地,只有A项符合句意。 专题四 │ 备用习题专题五 介词短语专题五 介词短语专题五 │ 专题导读  湖北卷对介词的考查主要是考查介词短语辨析,不涉及单个介词的考查,题数每年一道。此类试题有如下特点:(1)题干结构呈复杂化、综合化的特点,题干用词都在20词左右。(2)试题难度不大,主要考查介词短语的主要意义?