2022年中考英语语法-句子成分简析课件（11张ppt）

(共11张PPT)
句子成分 Sentence Elements
许定俊 Sven Xu
01
请输入标题文字
主语
1
词性
谓语
2
宾语
3
表语
4
宾语补足语
5
定语
6
状语
7
同位语
8
句子成分
名词
1
动词
2
形容词
3
副词
4
数词
5
连词
6
代词
7
介词
8
01
主语 Subject
主语：句子所叙述的主体表示所说的是谁或是什么。
1. The apples are delicious.
2. She is my sister.
3. Eight is a lucky number.
5. Smoking is unhealthy.
6. The rich should help the poor.
7. What he said was not true.
1. 名词或名词短语 2. 代词 3. 数词 4. 不定式(to do) 5. 动名词(V-ing) 6. 名词化的形容词 7. 主语从句
4. To see is to believe.
02
谓语 predicate
谓语：动词充当。表示动作或具有的特征。
简单谓语
复合谓语
a. 由情态动词(can, should …)或助动词(be, have …)+动词
b. 系动词(be动词，感官动词look, sound, feel …)加表语
I like English.
1. He can speak French.
2. The baby is crying.
3. I have finished the homework.
4. Has he come back
1. Your idea sounds great.
2. You are students.
03
宾语 object
宾语：动作的对象或承受者。放在及物动词或介词后。
1. I like English.
2. I am looking for him.
3. -How many pens do you have
-I have six.
4. I want to drink some water.
5. He enjoys playing basketball.
6. The rich should help the poor.
1. 名词 2. 代词 3. 数词 4. 不定式(to do) 5. 动名词(V-ing) 6. 名词化的形容词 7. 宾语从句
7. I think (that) he is right.
04
表语 predicative
表语：1. 名词 2. 代词 3. 形容词 4. 数词 5. 动词不定式 6. 动名词 7. 介宾短语 8. 从句 9. 现在分词 10. 过去分词
1. He is my friend.
2. The book isn’t mine.
3. The man looks worried.
4. He was the first to come to school every day.
5. His job is to answer the phone.
6. His hobby is swimming .
表语：放在系动词（be动词；感官动词look, sound, feel, taste, smell；变化类become； 持续性keep等）后，说明主语的特征。
7. My hometown is among mountains.
8. It seems that she didn't like me.
9. I am surprising that you don’t know him.
10. She is frightened.
05
宾语补足语 object complement
宾语补足语：有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有一个其他的句子成分，来补充说明宾语的意义。
宾语补足语：1. 名词 2. 形容词 3. 副词 4. 介词短语 5. 动词不定式 6. 现在分词 7. 过去分词 8. 从句
1. We call him Jack.
2. They painted the wall white.
6. We saw him entering the room.
7. I want your work done on time.
5. I asked him to come on time.
3. Let the fresh air in.
4. He found everything in good order.
8. We will make our city what your city is now.
06
定语 attributive
定语：1. 名词 2. 代词 3. 形容词 4. 副词 5. 数词 6. 介词短语 7. 动名词 8. 动词不定式 9. 现在分词 10. 过去分词 11. 从句
1. This is an apple tree.
2. My aunt lives in Canada.
3. That’s a good idea.
4. People there are very friendly.
5. She spent seven days on the beach.
6. The boy under the tree is John.
定语：用来说明名词。放在名词前面成为“前置定语”，放名词后“后置定语”。
7. He may be in the reading room.
8. He has a lot of work to do.
9. The sleeping boy is only three years old.
10. This university, founded in 1911, is very famous.
11. The man who is speaking there is his father.
07
状语 adverbial
状语： 1. 介词短语 2. 副词 3. 形容词 4. 不定式 5. 现在分词 6. 过去分词 7. 从句
2. He writes carefully.
1. I lost my phone in the school yesterday.
3. They went home, cold and hungry
状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作的特征，叫做状语。
状语的种类很多，可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件和让步等。
方式
地点
时间
4. He turned his head around to look at her.
6. Seen from here, the school is very beautiful.
7. If you study hard, you will make progress.
5. Leaving the office, I met him.
多个状语
08
同位语 appositive
“给老娘我滚过来！”
同位语：一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。
1. Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.
2. Yesterday I talked to my English teacher, Mr. James.
3. We Chinese people are brave and hard-working.
THANK YOU