【2022高分攻略】高考英语二轮复习学案（通用版) 19 完型填空之夹叙夹议文（原卷版+答案+解析卷）

【2022高分攻略】高考英语二轮复习学案(通用版)
专题十九 完型填空之夹叙夹议文（解析卷）
黑龙江 哈尔滨 邱尚瑛
【考纲解读】
高中英语完型填空部分在高考试卷中占有重要地位，很多的完形填空往往在平淡的叙述中蕴含深刻的人生哲理.因此，考生不但要理解文章的字面意思，还需要挖掘文章的内涵。这类文章是高考英语完形填空中最有难度的，也是高频的一类体裁。
对于夹叙夹议类完形填空，需要抓住作者要说明的观点或者作者要阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类型题目的关键，而作者叙述所发生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想服务的。考生需要注意：教材是知识点的载体，不管考试的试题如何变化，无论试题难度有多难，考查内容都来自课本。所以，考生要坚持以教材为主，以课文阅读为主线，逐步消化其中的词汇知识，夯实基础，全面提高其英语听、读、写的能力。
【考点剖析】
【相关知识点连接】
一、夹叙夹议类完型填空的特点
在完型填空题中的夹叙夹议类型中，一般情况下，作者会首先叙述一件事情，在叙述的过程中或结束之后发表自己的见解或者由此事件引出一个深刻的社会话题。夹叙夹议类完型填空比记叙文类的多了一层思考。
这类文体比较的显著特点是具有记叙与议论的双重性，首句往往是简单的描述一个事件，而后展开对此社会现象的讨论，并引发深层次的思考。 夹叙夹议类的选材具有教育意义，语言用词地道，蕴含着深刻的寓意，可读性强。此类题一般有以下特征：
1. 先叙述自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后真对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
2. 先提出一种观点或看法。然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。
3. 提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步的总结和升华。
二、夹叙夹议类完形填空的命题规律
夹叙夹议类完形填空的命题规律是：作者先叙述自己的某一个生活经历或者观点，然后针对这一事件或围绕这个观点用具体的事例加以说明，有时候可能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明，来表达自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。 夹叙夹议类型的完型填空文章常有以下结构特点：
1. 事例--观点 作者先说自己的经历或遇到的一件事情，然后针对这个事情来展开自己的看法。
2. 观点--事例 作者先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这个观点用具体的事例说明。
3. 观点--事例--观点 作者提出一种观点，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述自己的观点。
三、夹叙夹议类完型填空的解题技巧
1. 分析结构、理解观点
注意借助文章结构，体会记叙与议论的关系，抓住作者的观点明确文章的结构，从而理解作者的思路。
2. 重视首句、把握主题
此类题型的首句常是文章的关键句或主题句。所以，要注意通过首句判断文章的中心与作者的写作意图，从而理解全文。
3. 叙议兼顾 、理解内涵
在夹叙夹议文中，叙述与议论是一个有机的整体，叙述是议论的基础，议论是叙述的升华。因此，在解题时，注意作者叙述的目的是为了议。考生必须注意要将故事与哲理联系起来，结合作者对人物心理和行为的叙述理解议论的内涵。
4. 观察转换、理清逻辑
解题时要抓住记叙与议论的转换，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，准确把我语境，据此注意词语的辨析。从而根据所理解的作者观点而找出正确答案。
【强化训练】
1. （2021年高考 浙江1月卷）
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 6 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA．Three months later I 7 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 8 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of 9 . my worries had gone. Everyone was so 10 and like-minded that it was very 11 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 12 . We had to 13 everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 14 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 15 a stairway out of rock. This 16 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never 17 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 18 of knowing that my 19 will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 20 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 21 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 22 part of my tent.
23 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 24 . I think I am much 25 for having taken part in the project.
6．A．calculate B．negotiate C．advertise D．research
7．A．imagined B．introduced C．enjoyed D．found
8．A．annoyed B．surprised C．scared D．excited
9．A．arriving B．sleeping C．thinking D．walking
10．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
11．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy
12．A．tour B．project C．campaign D．course
13．A．drop B．make C．carry D．buy
14．A．nice B．safe C．long D．quick
15．A．build B．test C．clean D．guard
16．A．helped B．ended C．allowed D．meant
17．A．hunted B．trained C．seen D．fed
18．A．Satisfaction B．ambition C．expectation D．intention
19．A．work B．memory C．record D．story
20．A．left B．caught C．attacked D．separated
21．A．boiling B．average C．normal D．freezing
22．A．tidy B．dry C．new D．soft
23．A．By the way B．Regardless of that C．Needless to say D．In either case
24．A．survived B．resisted C．escaped D．recovered
25．A．smarter B．stronger C．happier D．busier
【答案与解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述的是作者通过网上查询信息得到去科罗拉多国家森林当志愿者的机会，虽然期间作者经历了暴雨中帐篷漏水，为狮子上下山而搭建台阶的繁重工作等磨难，但是，仍然感谢这个经历让自己变得更坚强。
6．D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我开始在网上查询并且发现“美国志愿者”。A. calculate计算；B. negotiate协商；C. advertise登广告；D. research研究。根据前文的“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”可知：作者在网上研究有哪些可以做志愿者的信息。所以，选D。
7．D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：三个月后，我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。A. imagined想象；B. introduced介绍；C. enjoyed喜欢；D. found发现。根据前文“I began to 6 on the Internet…”可知：作者之前还在网上查阅，三个月后自己就动身了。所以，选D。
8．C 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：一想到我要和一群陌生人一起住三个月，我很害怕。A. annoyed烦恼的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. scared害怕的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后面“my worries had gone.”可知：我一开始很担忧。所以，选C。
9．A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：然而，到达15分钟里我的担忧就消失了。A. arriving到达；B. sleeping睡觉；C. thinking思考；D. walking行走。根据“feel at home”得知到达目的地不久，作者就不担心了。所以，选A。
10．B 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. confident自信的；B. friendly友好的；C. energetic活力的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“and like-minded”可推断，作者感觉大家都很友好。所以，选B。
11．D 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：每个人都如此友好和志趣相投以至于很容易有宾至如家的感觉。A. funny搞笑的；B. good好的；C. lucky幸运的；D. easy容易的。根据 “that like-minded”和“feel at home”得知大家都很友好并且志趣相投，感觉到家的温暖很容易。所以，选D。
12．B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：我被派往科罗拉多国家森林开始头8天的项目A. tour游览；B. project项目；C. campaign活动；D. course课程。根据下文“for having taken part in the project”可知：这说的是当志愿者的项目，原词复现。所以，选B。
13．C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我们必须带上需要的东西走到三英里外我们工作的地方。A. drop掉下；B. make制作；C. carry携带；D. buy购买。根据下文“with a heavy pack”可知，作者他们要背负着必需品走。所以，选C。
14．C 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：可能看起来不远，但是在35度高温下，背着沉重的物品，我的腿就像着火了似的。A. nice好的；B. safe安全的；C. long长的；D. quick快的。根据前文“walk three miles”可知：作者他们走的路程不远。所以，选C。
15．A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我的工作是用岩石建一个阶梯。A. build建造；B. test测试；C. clean清洁；D. guard保卫。根据下文“climbing up and down the side of a mountain.”可知，作者在狮子栖息地建一个阶梯供狮子攀爬。所以，选A。
16．D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：这意味着狮子能在山上栖息地通过阶梯爬上爬下。A. helped帮助；B. ended结束；C. allowed允许；D. meant意味。根据“climbing up and down”可知，台阶修好了意味着狮子可以爬上爬下。所以，选D。
17．C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：虽然我应该说他们只被听说过，从没被亲眼见过。A. hunted捕猎；B. trained训练；C. seen看到；D. fed喂养。根据前文“although I should say they were only heard”可知，作者以前没有见过。所以，选C。
18．A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. satisfaction满意；B. ambition雄心；C. expectation期待；D. intention意图。根据上文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，我修的台阶成型了，我很满意。所以，选A。
19．A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：知道我的作品将会在未来的几年里出现在那片山坡上，我的满足感是巨大的。A. work工作，作品；B. memory回忆；C. record记录；D. story故事。根据上文的“My job was to”“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修台阶是我的工作。所以，选A。
20．B 考查动词词义辨析 句意：但是在最后一晚，我们被困在雷雨中。A. left离开；B. caught捉住；C. attacked袭击；D. separated分离。根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent”可知：作者他们被困在雷雨中。所以，选B。
21．D 考查形容词短语辨析 句意：温度接近零度。A. boiling煮沸的的；B. average平均的；C. normal正常的；D. freezing冰冻的。根据下文“trembling”得知温度很低。所以，选D。
22．B 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：我不得不后半夜在帐篷干的那一块地方发抖。A. tidy干净的；B. dry干的；C. new新的；D. soft软的。根据上文“thunderstorm”和后文“part of my tent”可知：帐篷里进了水，作者蜷缩在帐篷干的地方。所以，选B。
23．C 考查介词短语词义辨析 句意：不用说我受了很多苦。A. By the way顺便问一下；B. Regardless of that尽管这样；C. Needless to say 不用说；D. In either case在这两种情况下。根据前文给狮子栖息地建造台阶和下雨天帐篷漏水可知，作者当志愿者时受了很多苦。所以，选C。
24．A 考查动词辨析 句意：但是我知道不论人生中面对什么，我都在这，我都活了下来。A. survived生存；B. resisted反抗；C. escaped逃离，抓牢；D. recovered恢复。根据上文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.”可知，作者认为再多苦都可以坚持下来，挺过去。所以，选A。
25．B 考查形容词比较级词义辨析 句意：我认为因为参加这个项目我更强壮了。A. smarter更聪明的；B. stronger更强壮的；C. happier更快乐的；D. busier更忙碌的。根据前文“But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there.可知作者感觉经历让他更强壮。所以，选B。
2. （2020年高考 天津卷）
Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant___16___- -loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be___17___in a clever way. The___18___ Chat benches.
Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her___19___. The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who ___20___made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about “f 31,000. Jones was___21___ when she said that she didn’t actually___22___ being cheated. “Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.
This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely ___23___ people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he___24___ to do something about it. He_____25_____ the police department to allow him to _____26_____ a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that_____27_____: “HAPPY TO CHAT”. Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and_____28_____ conversations.
The idea is catching on_____29_____There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n)_____30_____ outcome from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully _____31_____-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help_____32_____ the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.
This effort is not just a(n) _____33_____ at being community minded- -it’s also a _____34_____ measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.
The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that_____35_____ those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future.
16. A. choice B. discovery C. visit D. promise
17. A. experienced B. suffered C. prevented D. felt
18. A. solution B. puzzle C. excuse D. intention
19. A. pleasure B. prize C. credit D. money
20. A. eventually B. frequently C. previously D. occasionally
21. A. ashamed B. shocked C. excited D. amused
22. A. mind B. forgive C. risk D. enjoy
23. A. active B. lonely C. cautious D. stubborn
24. A. learned B. refused C. pretended D. decided
25. A. forced B. ordered C. convinced D. taught
26. A. put away B. make out C. tear apart D. set up
27. A. read B. claimed C. meant D. implied
28. A. formal B. joyful C. awkward D. crazy
29. A. randomly B. slowly C. quickly D. purposefully
30. A. positive B. disappointing C. correct D. embarrassing
31. A. realized B. examined C. discussed D. formed
32. A. break down B. put up C. keep off D. take out
33. A. glance B. attempt C. knock D. attack
34. A. heart-breaking B. risk-taking C. face-saving D. crime-cutting
35. A. forbids B. appoints C. encourages D. troubles
【答案与解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了艾什莉·琼斯警探在英国的一个警察局工作。他最近有了一项重大发现——孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。琼斯警探通过设置“聊天长椅”帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。“聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，它不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。
16. B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. choice选择；B. discovery发现；C. visit参观；D. promise许诺。下文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes说孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。这是一项重大的发现。所以，选B。
17. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：他最近有了一项重大发现--孤独是一个严重的社会问题，它会导致抑郁甚至犯罪，但它可以用一种聪明的方法加以阻止。A. experienced经历；B. suffered遭受；C. prevented阻止；D. felt 感觉。根据下文Chat benches.可知对于这一社会问题，有阻止的方法。所以，选C。
18. A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：解决方案？长椅上聊天。A. solution解决方案；B. puzzle谜；C. excuse借口；D. intention目的。根据下文的回答Chat benches可知这里是询问”解决方案是什么”。 所以，选A。
19. D 考查名词词义辨析 句意：琼斯是在与一位被骗了钱的老妇人交谈后产生这个想法的。A. pleasure快乐；B. prize奖品；C. credit信用； D. money钱。根据下文and then she lent him about 31，000可知这位老妇人被骗了钱。所以，选D。
20. A 考查副词词义辨析 句意：这位女士每天早上都会接到一个陌生人的电话，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友，然后她就借给了他大约31万英镑。A. eventually 最后；B. frequently频繁地；C. previously先前；D. occasionally偶尔。下文说这位老妇人借给了这个陌生人大约31万英镑，由此可知，他最终让她相信他是她的朋友。所以，选A。
21. B 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. shocked震惊的；C. excited兴奋的；D. amused愉悦的。按照正常的逻辑，一个人被骗了很多钱，她一定会很生气。然而，这位老妇人却说她不介意。所以琼斯很震惊。所以，选B。
22. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：当这位老妇人说她实际上并不介意被骗时，琼斯很震惊。A. mind介意；B. forgive原谅；C. risk冒险；D. enjoy享受。根据下文老妇人说的话 “Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end，” she said.可知她并不介意被骗。所以，选A。
23. B 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：这使琼斯得出结论，在他的社区中有太多极度孤独的人，他们很容易成为欺骗的目标。A. active积极的；B. lonely孤独的；C. cautious小心的； D. stubborn顽固的。上文老妇人说:“否则，我几个星期都不会跟别人说话”，结合下文，琼斯创建了“聊天长椅”可知在他的社区中，有太多极度孤独的人。所以，选B。
24. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：所以他决定做点什么。A. learned学习；B. refused拒绝；C. pretended假装；D. decided决定。下文He…the police department to allow him to…a couple of“chat benches”in two of their local parks.描述了琼斯采取的实际行动，由此可知，琼斯决定做点什么。所以，选D。
25. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立几个”聊天长椅”。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. convinced说服；D. taught教。下文说他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”，由此可知，他是说服了警察局。所以，选C。
26. D 考查动词短语辨析 句意：他说服了警察局允许他在当地的两个公园里设立了几个“聊天长椅”。A. put away放好；B. make out辨认出；C. tear apart把……弄乱；D. set up设立。根据a couple of“chat benches”in two of their local parks.可知是在当地的两个公园里设立几个“聊天长椅”。 所以，选D。
27. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：然后，他在每张长椅上挂了一块彩色的牌子，上面写着:“聊天愉快”A. read写着；B. claimed宣称；C. meant意味；D. implied暗示。根据“HAPPY TO CHAT”可知这是牌子上写的内容。表示“牌子上写着……”应用动词read，所以，选A。
28. B 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：就在张贴告示几天后，他发现人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。A. formal正式的；B. joyful愉快的； C. awkward尴尬的；D. crazy疯狂的。下文说琼斯的想法已经完全实现了，结合琼斯创建“聊天长椅”的初衷以及牌子上所写的内容“快乐聊天”，可知人们坐在那里，进行着积极愉快的交谈。所以，选B。
29. C 考查副词词义辨析 句意：这个想法很快就流行起来了。A. randomly随便地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. quickly很快地；D. purposefully有目的地。根据“There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England.”可知这个想法很快就流行起来了。所以，选C。
30. A 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。A. positive积极的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. correct正确的；D. embarrassing使人尴尬的。根据Jones' idea has been fully…-the“HAPPY TO CHAT”benches help…the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.可知琼斯的想法已经完全实现了“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。因此，推断出所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。所以，选A。
31. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。A. realized实现；B. examined检查；C. discussed讨论；D. formed形成。下文说“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。由此可知，琼斯的想法已经完全实现了。所以，选A。
32. A 考查动词短语辨析 句意：“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。A. break down打破； B. put up提供；C. keep off不接近；D. take out取出。上文说所有参与的人都从参与中获得了积极的结果。由此可知“聊天愉快”长椅帮助打破了人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。所以，选A。
33. B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A. glance一瞥； B. attempt尝试；C. knock敲打；D. attack攻击。琼斯设置的“聊天长椅”是一个新颖且有趣的尝试。所以，选B。
34. D 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。A. heart-breaking令人心碎的；B. risk-taking冒险的；C face-saving顾全面子的；D. crime-cutting减少犯罪的。根据上文loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes以及那位被骗了钱的老妇人的悲惨经历，可知这不仅仅是一种社区意识的尝试，也是一种减少犯罪的措施。所以，选D。
35. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：“聊天长椅”是一个很棒的新项目，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。A. forbids禁止；B. appoints任命；C. encourages鼓励；D. troubles麻烦。根据The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project 以及上文“聊天长椅”所产生的积极效果，可知“聊天长椅”，鼓励所有年龄段的人在未来相互交流和了解。所以，选C。
3.（2020年高考 新课标Ⅲ卷）
As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, ___41___ can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in， ___42___their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll ___43___ that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then ___44___ it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the ___45___ in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a ___46___ colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep ___47___.
I remember the first really ___48___ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was. ___49___ absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather ____50____ that she became a “regular”. After a while, she ____51____ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat ____52____, and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on ____53____ people.
That taught me a valuable ____54____ and I pass it on to the people who ____55____ in the market. Don’t take it ____56____. If a customer is rude or difficult， just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not ____57____.” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get ____58____. If you do， you won’ be able to ____59____ it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ____60____ everyone’s day.
41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
【答案与解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一位生意人，遇到过各种各样让人抓狂的顾客，有一个难缠的顾客，一开始对每件事都不满意，结果居然成了常客。最后顾客告诉作者，因为自己和丈夫分居了，于是把气撒到其他人身上，这让作者学到了宝贵的一课，那就是要学会淡化和难缠顾客之间的矛盾，否则，当事情发展成不愉快的场面时，结果只会毁了每个人的一天。
41. B 考查名词词义辨析 句意：但就像任何一个你喜欢的人一样，顾客也会让你抓狂。A. shopkeepers店主；B. customers顾客；C. salespersons售货员； D. receptionist接待员。根据上文I care deeply about my customers可知作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让自己抓狂。所以，选B。
42. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：他们会冲进来，说手提包被偷了。A. saying说；B. pretending假装；C. guessing猜测；D. replying回答。结合后文their handbag’s been stolen可知此处是指说的内容应用say。所以，选A。
43. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. agree同意；B. promise承诺；C. imagine想象；D. swear发誓。顾客冲进作者的店里，信誓旦旦地说自己的包是忘在了更衣室里。所以，选D。
44. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：他们会发誓说他们把它忘在更衣室里了，搞得一团糟，然后发现它一直在他们的车里。A. forget忘记；B. decide决定；C. discover发现；D. assume假设。结合后文it had been in their car all the time可知顾客一开始说包忘在了更衣室，结果最后发现包一直在他们自己的车里。所以，选C。
45. D 考查名词词义辨析 句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. foods食物；B. catalogues目录；C. belongings所有物；D. goods商品。结合后文in the shops可知此处指的是商店里的商品。其它选项不符合语境。所以，选D。
46. A 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：他们会试用商店里一半的商品，只想要一种你没有那种特别颜色的存货。A. particular特别的；B. different不同的；C. matching相配的；D. natural自然的。结合上文the only style you don't have left in a可知顾客试了店里一半的商品，结果想要的只是那种有特别颜色（particular）没有存货的款式。其它选项带入不符合语境。所以，选A。
47. B 考查动词词义辨析 句意：我知道店员会有多沮丧，但我努力说服他们保持微笑。A. fighting打架；B. smiling微笑；C. waiting等待；D. changing改变。结合上文可知，一些顾客有一些很无厘头的要求和行为，面对这种情况，虽然店员会很沮丧，“但是”转折，与“沮丧”情感色彩相反，结合选项，B项“微笑”符合句意。所以，选B。
48. D 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：我还记得我们在Covent Garden遇到的第一个难缠的顾客。A. generous慷慨的；B. polite礼貌的；C. careless粗心的；D. difficult难缠的，困难的。结合后文nothing was right可知这位顾客对一切都不满，很难缠。所以，选D。
49. B 考查动词短语辨析 句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. curious about好奇；B. displeased with对……不满意；C. patient with对……有耐心；D. uncertain about对……不能肯定。结合后文nothing was right可知这个顾客对一切都不满意。所以，选B。
50. C 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：她对每件事都很不满意，没有什么是对的，令我相当惊讶的是，她居然成了“常客”。A. relaxed放松的；B. delighted高兴的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。结合上下文可知这位顾客对每件事都不满意，但她居然成了“常客”，这让作者感到很惊讶才对。所以，选C。
51. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：不久，她为自己一开始的行为道歉。A. searched搜索；B. argued争论；C. prayed祈祷；D. apologized道歉。顾客一开始很难缠，对一切都不满，结果后来成了常客，她开始为自己一开始的行为道歉。apologize for为某事道”。所以，选D。
52. B 考查介词短语辨析 句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. by chance偶然；B. by herself她独自地；C. on purpose故意地；D. on duty值班。结合上文She had split up with her husband the week before， was living in a flat可知女顾客和丈夫分居了，因此现在是独自住在一套公寓里。所以，选B。
53. C 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：她一周前和丈夫分居了，现在一个人住在一套公寓里，因为她觉得实在难以应付，就把气撒在别人身上。A. rude粗鲁的；B. such这样的；C. other其他的；D. lonely寂寞的。结合上文since she'd found it too much to cope with， she'd taken it out on可知她难以应付这样压力，于是决定把气撒在其他人身上。other people其他人。所以，选C。
54. A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. lesson课程，教训；B. trick诡计；C. skill技能；D. trade贸易。结合后文作者的感悟，可知这件事让作者学到了宝贵的一课。所以，选A。
55. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：这给我上了宝贵的一课，我把它传授给了在市场上工作的人。A. work工作；B. shop购物；C. meet会面；D. quarrel争吵。结合后文in the market可知是指在市场上工作的人。所以，选A。
56. C 考查副词词义辨析 句意：别太在意。A. kindly亲切地；B. secretly秘密地；C. personally亲自地；D. casually随便地。结合后文作者指出不要让自我妨碍了你，要淡化这种情绪可知此处作者想说的是不要太在意这些事。短语take it personally在意，把这些放在心上。所以，选C。
57. D 考查副词词义辨析 句意：也许她的孩子不太好。A. ready迅速地；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. well好地。根据上文Maybe she’s had a row with her husband可知此处列举的是顾客家中有不好的事情发生的情况。所以，选D。
58. B 考查介词短语辨析 句意：一定要淡化它，不要让你的自我妨碍你。A. out of sight看不见；B. in the way妨碍，挡道；C. behind the scene幕后；D. above the law凌驾于法律之上。上文作者提到不要太在意这些顾客，要淡化这种不好的情绪，不要让自己的自我妨碍了自己。所以，选B。
59. C 考查动词词义辨析 句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. stress强调；B. expect期待；C. handle处理；D. blame责备。结合本段内容主要是在说明如何处理粗鲁难缠的顾客的问题。所以，选C。
60. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：如果你这样做了，你将无法处理它，整个事情发展成一个不愉快的场面，毁了每个人的一天。A. ruins毁灭；B. makes制作；C. starts开始；D. saves拯救。结合上文the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that可知一旦事情发展成不愉快的场面，那么最终只会毁了每一个人的一天。所以，选A。
4.（2020年高考 江苏卷）
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___36___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____37____ in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931， he had no ___38___ of knowing that his life was to change ____39____. The class experiment that day was to ____40____ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____41____， the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ____42____ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it， the container ___43___， leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later， his parents ____44____ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______45______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as ______46______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There， he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______47______ public speaker.
Later， he worked in Africa， where many people suffered from ______48______ for lack of proper treatment. For him， it was one thing to _____49_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue _____50_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ______51______ Wilson made to preventing the ______52______.
Wilson received several international ______53______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a _____54_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______55______ our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
37. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
38. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure
39. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely
40. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
41. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus
42. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
43. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
44. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed
45. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to
46. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic
47. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
48. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
49. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
51. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
52. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential
53. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
54. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision
55. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits
【答案与解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议类型的文章。因为一次意外，威尔逊失明了。但是，他并没有抱怨命运的不公，而是努力地学习，接受教育。他通过自己的努力帮助很多人恢复了视力，获得了很多国际大奖。他的例子告诉我们：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。
36. A 考查动词词义辨析 句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情 看法。A. depends依靠；B. holds握，持有；C. keeps保持；D. reflects反映。结合空后的介词on可知，仅仅擅长某件事并有激情是不够的。成功从根本上“取决于”我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。depend on：取决于。所以，选A。
37. C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生事情的看法。A. dilemmas进退两难的处境；B. accidents意外事故；C. events事，事件；D. steps脚步，步骤。从全文最后一句“He proved that it’s not what happens to us that 55 our lives-it’s what we make of what happens”可知，我们对所发生的事情的看法决定了我们的生活。空处对应what happens(发生的事)。所以，选C。
38. A 考查名词词义辨析 句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. way方法，方式；B. hope希望；C. plan计划；D. measure措施。John Wilson“无法”预知将会发生的事情。所以，选A。
39. D 考查副词词义辨析 句意：1931年的一个雨天，当12岁的约翰·威尔逊走进他的化学教室时，他根本不知道自己的生活将彻底改变。A. continually不断地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. gracefully优雅地；D. completely完全地。结合下文可知，一场意外导致他失明，这场意外“完全”改变了他的生活。所以，选D。
40. B 考查动词词义辨析 句意：那天的课堂实验是为了展示加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。A. direct指导，引导；B. show展示；C. advocate提倡，倡导；D. declare宣布。那天的课堂实验的目的是“展示”加热一个盛水的容器会如何使空气冒泡到表面。所以，选B。
41. C 考查副词词义辨析 句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. Anyway无论如何，不管怎样；B. Moreover而且；C. Somehow不知怎么地；D. Thus因此。不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。所以，选C。
42. A 考查副词词义辨析 句意：不知怎么的，老师给威尔逊加热的容器误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。A. mistakenly错误地；B. casually随意地；C. amazingly令人惊奇地；D. clumsily笨拙地。老师“误”在容器里装了更容易挥发的东西而没有装水，结果导致了爆炸的发生。所以，选A。
43. B 考查动词词义辨析 句意：当威尔逊把它加热时，容器爆炸了，导致威尔逊失明。A. erupted爆发，喷出；B. exploded爆炸；C. emptied腾空，掏空；D. exposed揭露，使暴露。因为容器内装的不是水，而是更容易挥发的物质，所以，当威尔逊把它加热时，容器“爆炸”了，导致Wilson失明。故选B。
44. B 考查动词词义辨析 句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. deserved值得，应得，应受；B. attempted视图，尝试；C. cared关心，在乎；D. agreed同意。孩子失明了，身为父母，他们当然要“试图”找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。所以，选B。
45. D 考查动词短语辨析 句意：两个月后，当威尔逊出院回家时，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对发生在他们生活中的灾难。A. submitted to提交，服从……；B. catered for迎合；C. impressed on给……留下印象；D. happened to发生。这场事故“发生”在了威尔逊一家人的生活中。所以，选D。
46. D 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：但威尔逊并不认为这次事故是灾难性的。A. fantastic极好的；B. extraordinary不同寻常的；C. impressive给人深刻印象的；D. catastrophic灾难性的，毁灭性的。根据上文his parents 44 to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had 45 their lives以及结合生活常识，失明对于任何一个人来说都是一场灾难。根据but转折可知，威尔逊并没有将这场事故看作是“灾难性的”。所以，选D。
47. A 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：在那里，他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成为了一名出色的演说家。A. accomplished才华高的，有成就的；B. crucial至关重要的，关键性的；C. specific特定的，具体的；D. innocent无辜的，天真的。前一句提到威尔逊很快学会了盲文，并在伍斯特盲人学院继续接受教育。结合该句中的not only…but also…可以推知，他不仅是个好学生，而且是个非常好的公共演说家。选项中只有A选项表达此意。所以，选A。
48. C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。A. deafness聋，听力不佳；B. depression沮丧；C. blindness瞎；D. speechlessness哑口无言。结合后文中的“And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the 51 Wilson made to preventing the 52 ”可知，很多人因为威尔逊的努力而复明。所以可以推知，在非洲，有很多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而“失明”。所以，选C。
49. D 考查动词词义辨析 句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. decide决定；B. abandon抛弃；C. control控制；D. accept接受。根据上文中的“But Wilson did not regard the accident as 46 . He learned braille(盲文)quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There， he not only did well as a student but also became a(n) 47 public speaker”可知，威尔逊失明之后，他没有抱怨命运的不公，反而努力进取，由此推知，他“接受”了自己失明的事实。所以，选D。
50. B 考查连接词词义辨析 句意：对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而在事情可以如此容易地解决的情况下，让事情继续下去则完全是另一回事。A. until直到；B. when在……情况下，当……时候；C. unless如果不；D. before在……之前。在很容易解决那么多人失明的情况下，让他们继续失明下去完全是另一回事。when表示“在……情况下”。所以，选B。
51. C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都可以恢复视力了。A. opposition反对；B. adjustments调整，调节；C. commitment奉献，投入；D. limitations限制。根据前文中的“This moved him to action”可知，威尔逊行动起来，努力地去预防那些可以预防的情况。因为他的“奉献”，很多人恢复了视力。该空和53空后的great contributions呼应。所以，选C。
52. A 考查形容词词义辨析 句意：因为威尔逊努力地去预防可预防的情况，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人都能够恢复视力了。A. preventable可预防的，可阻止的；B. potential潜在的，有潜力的；C. spreadable(黄油等)容易被涂开的；D. influential有影响力的。结合空前的prevent可知，威尔逊努力地去预防“可以预防的”情况。所以，选A。
53. C 考查名词词义辨析 句意：威尔逊因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。A. scholarships奖学金；B. rewards奖励，回报；C. awards奖，奖品；D. bonuses红利，津贴。因为他的巨大贡献，威尔逊获得了几个国际“大奖”。所以，选C。
54. D 考查名词词义辨析 句意：他失明了，但找到了视野。A. fortune运气，财富；B. recipe食谱，秘诀；C. dream梦，梦想；D. vision视野。根据前文叙述可知，虽然威尔逊失明了，但是他却通过努力，帮助了很多人，为世界做出了巨大贡献。由此推知，他虽然看不见，但是他的“眼界”开阔，做到了很多人都做不到的事情。所以，选D。
55. B 考查动词词义辨析 句意：他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情。A. distinguishes区分，辨别；B. determines决定；C. claims宣称；D. limits限制。结合第一段中的“Success 36 fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the 37 in our lives”可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中发生的事情的看法。即：并不是发生的事情“决定”我们的生活，而是我们对发生的事情的看法“决定”了我们的生活。所以，选B。
5. （2019年高考 全国1卷）
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They ___41___ with them lots of waste. The ___42___ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the ___43___ of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories， I’m ___44___ about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
However， I soon ___45___ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of ___46___ among tons of rubbish. I find a ___47___ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are ___48___ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be ___49___.
The best of a Kilimanjaro ___50___, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are ___51___ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ___52___ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ___53___ go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ___54___ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather __55__ -low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ___56___ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland ___57___: gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. ___58___ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ___59___ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro ___60___ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.
41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
43. A. position B. age C. face D. name
44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
【答案与解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有4万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了垃圾，破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑，想一探究竟。当他来到这里，他发现当地环保措施很到位，同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。
41.D 考查动词辨析 句意：他们带来了很多的垃圾。由“lots of waste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。A. keep保持；B. mix混合；C. connect联系；D. bring带来。所以，选D。
42.C 考查名词辨析 句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40，000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。A. stories故事；B. buildings建筑物；C. crowds人群；D. reporters记者。所以，选C。
43. C 考查名词辨析 句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。A.position位置；B.age年龄；C. face外貌；D. name名字。所以，选C。
44. B 考查形容词辨析 句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。A. silent 沉默的；B. skepetical怀疑的；C. serious严肃的；D. crazy疯狂的。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故be skepetical about“对……怀疑”符合句意。所以，选B。
45. A 考查动词辨析 句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。A. discover发现；B. argue争论；C. decide决定；D. advocate提倡。由“much has changed ”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。所以，选A。
46. C 考查名词辨析 句意：我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。A.equipment装备 ；B. grass 草C. camps 营地；D. stone石头。由下文“at camps”可知，本句属于原词再现。所以，选C。
47. D 考查形容词辨析 句意：我发现了一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。A. remote遥远的；B. quiet安静的C. tall高的; D. clean干净的。由“with tolilet at camps and along the paths”可知，营地里和路边都有厕所。所以这是一座干净的山。所以，选D。
48. C 考查形容词辨析 句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。A. new新的；B. special特殊的；C. significant相当大的；D. necessary必要的。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失。这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。所以，选C。
49.A 考查动词短语辨析 句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。A. paying off还清，报偿；B.spreading out伸展；C. blowing up爆炸；D. fading away；逐渐消退。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明：……做的努力似乎正在得到回报。所以，选A。
50.B 考查名词辨析 句意：在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。A. atmosphere氛围；B. experience经历；C. experiment实验；D.sight视力。所以，选B。
51.D 考查动词辨析 句意：山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritual space”可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。A. studied学习；B. observed观察；C. explored探索；D. regarded认为。be regarded as“被视为……”符合句意。故D选项切题。
52. A 考查名词辨析 句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。A. view景色 ；B.quality质量 ；C. reason原因；D. purpose目的有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。所以，选A。
53.B 考查名词辨析 句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色尤为明显。A. scientists科学家；B. climbers 登山者；C. locals当地人； D. officials官员。故A选项切题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。所以，选B。
54.D 考查动词短语辨析 A.holding on to抓住；B. going back to回到（原来的话题）；C. living up to履行；D. giving way to向……让步。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，让位于大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。 giving way to“向……让步”符合句意。所以，选D。
55.A 考查动词辨析 句意：再往上走，天气变了--低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。A. changes改变；B. clears放晴；C. improves提高；D.permits允许。由“low clouds”可知，生态系统不同，天气也是不同的，是变化的。所以，选A。
56. C 考查动词辨析 句意：我从站的地方数出了十二种绿色。A. match匹配；B. imagine想象；C. count数；D.add增加。由“twelve shades of green”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。所以，选C。
57.B 考查名词辨析 句意：海拔4000米以上是高山寒漠:砾石、石头和岩石。A. village村庄； B. desert 沙漠，荒地;C. road马路；D.lake湖 。由“grave，stones and rocks”可知，拔4000米以上是高山寒漠。所以，选B。
58. D 考查副词辨析 句意：海拔4000米以上是高地沙漠:砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。A.Obviously明显地;B.Easily容易地;C.Consequently结果；D.Finally最后地。所以，选D。
59. A 考查形容词辨析 句意：很明显，你爬进了一个类似北极的地带，那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。A. permanent.永久的；B.little小的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.artifical人造的。由“arctic -like zone”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。所以，选A。
60.B 考查动词辨析 句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？A. enjoy享受；B.deserve值得；C. save挽救;D. acquire获得。这里作者在疑问乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。所以，选B。
6.（2019年高考 天津卷）
I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus，which was now speeding in the dark to some______16______station.
The____17____moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the_____18_____of that little wallet？The credit cards，the driver's license，the cash，all lost to the bus.
Two hours later，back at my house，I heard a knock on the door. My husband _____19_____it while I was on the phone in the dining room. "Does Jennifer live here？" I heard a lady say. In my husband's hand was my wallet，with not a penny_____20_____. She left before I could ____21____ make it to the door to offer my thanks.
After sharing the story online，I heard from someone，who ____22____ the lady as Erin Smith. Without ___23___ ，I called to thank her. She said she ____24____ my wallet on a bus seat. She_____25_____that going to a stranger's house was a ____26____ move，but she decided to take the chance. "If I were in that ____27____ I would want someone to try to find me，" she said.
This one stranger responded beautifully to my small ____28____ ，but she actually wasn't the only one. Right after Erin ____29____ my wallet on the bus，she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum（论坛），trying to see ____30____ anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face. I've never ____31____ words with those moms beyond small tall，but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divided than ever，but that's not how the people I_____32_____tend to act.
___33___，I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone ____34____what almost anyone would have done，finding my house on a bitterly cold night，and for that I was extremely ____35____ .
16. A. accessible B. hidden C. unknown D. convenient
17. A. face-saving B. brain-washing C. eye-catching D. heart-stopping
18. A. parts B. contents C. details D. ingredients
19. A. ignored B. answered C. examined D. interrupted
20. A. missing B. returned C. remaining D. abandoned
21. A. still B. ever C. yet D. even
22. A. selected B. appointed C. identified D. defined
23. A. delay B. alarm C. regret D. invitation
24. A. moved B. placed C. opened D. spotted
25. A. disagreed B. complained C. calculated D. recommended
26. A. selfless B. risky C. slow D. personal
27. A. site B. direction C. situation D. atmosphere
28. A. crisis B. danger C. threat D. failure
29. A. got rid of B. made use of C. had control of D. took possession of
30. A. if B. where C. how D. when
31. A. recalled B. exchanged C. repeated D. whispered
32. A. encounter B. follow C. consult D. accompany
33. A. Going away B. Turning around C. Looking back？ D. Coming along
34. A. into B. against C. over D. beyond
35. A. longing B. enthusiastic C. concerned D. grateful
【答案与解析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，Erin捡到了作者的钱包，在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还钱包。作者深受感动。文章叙述了事情的来龙去脉和作者的感受。
16. C 考查形容词辨析 根据前文的“fear seized me. My wallet was gone.”可以推知，作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，而汽车正在开往某个作者未知的地方，这使得找回钱包的希望渺茫，因此作者心生“恐惧”。所以，选择C (unknown)。
17. D 考查形容词辨析 根据上一段中的“fear seized me”可以推知，作者发现丢了钱包之后的第一感觉是“害怕”。之后，作者开始在内心计算找回钱包里的那些东西所需要的时间和钱数。该空应和fear表达的意思相近，D. heart-stopping切题：令人心跳停止的，惊心动魄的。所以，选择D。
18. B 考查名词辨析 该空指下文中提到的“the credit cards， the driver’s license, the cash”，这些都是钱包里装的东西。选B(content)：所含之物，所容纳之物。以，选择B。
19.B 考查动词辨析 两小时后有人敲门，丈夫去应门。B选项（answer）切题：应（门）；接（电话）；应答。所以，选择B。
20. D 考查动词辨析 结合下文的陈述可知，那位女士捡到了作者的钱包，她拾金不昧，将钱包完璧归赵。由此可以推知，该处指“钱包里的钱一分也没有丢失”。A选项（missing）切题：不见的，丢失的。所以，选择B。
21. D 考查副词辨析 作者甚至还没有来得及到门口感谢那位女士，她就离开了。该空表示“even甚至”，所以，选择D。
22. C 考查动词辨析 在网上分享了这个故事之后，作者收到了某个人的来信，这个人确认了那位女士是Erin Smith。C选项(identify)切题：确认，认出，识别。所以，选择C。
23. A 考查动词辨析 找到了那位拾金不昧的女士，作者当然要“马上，毫不耽搁地”打电话去感谢对方。A选项（delay）切题：耽搁，延迟。所以，选择A。
24. D 考查动词辨析 作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，Erin是在一个座位上发现了它。该空表示“发现”，选D选项(spot)：发现，认出。所以，选择D。
25. C 考查动词辨析 根据文章最后一段中的“a bitterly cold night”可知，这件事发生在一个寒冷的晚上。同时，Erin又不认识作者。由此推知，该句应指：Erin估计去一个陌生人的家是一个冒险的举动。C选项（calculate）正确：估算，估计，预料。所以，选择C。
26. B 考查形容词辨析 根据下文中的转折词but可知，该句和she decided to take the chance（她决定冒险）是转折关系。那么该句应指去一个陌生人家是一个冒险的举动。B选项（risky）正确：冒险的。所以，选择B。
27. C 考查名词辨析 该句叙述的是Erin当时的想法：“如果我处在那种情况下（指丢了钱包这种情形），我希望有个人努力地找到我”。该空表示“情况，情形”，选C选项（situation）：情况，情形。所以，选择C。
28.A 考查名词辨析 作者丢了钱包，对于作者来说，这是一个“危机，危难时刻”。选A选项（crisis）：危机，危难时刻。所以，选择A。
29. D 考查动词短语辨析 Erin捡到了作者的钱包，在归还作者之前，钱包在Erin的手里，Erin暂时“拥有，占有”作者的钱包。D选项正确。take possession of意为“拥有，占有”。所以，选择D。
30. A 考查连词辨析 Erin把作者的驾照图片发到一个论坛里，想看看是否有人认识作者。该空表示“是否”，选A选项if是否。所以，选择A。
31. B 考查动词辨析 根据后面的转折词but可知，该句和后面一句（她们想帮忙）转折关系，由此推知，该句指：除了闲聊，作者和那两位妈妈从来没有说过话，即：从未和她们“交换过词语”。B选项（exchange）正确：交换，互换。所以，选择B。
32. A 考查动词辨析 作者曾经读到这样的说法：人们比以往更加四分五裂，即：人们不像以前那样团结，不像以前那样互相帮助了。但是，作者遇到的这些人的行为方式不是那样的。上文中提到的Erin，two moms都是作者遇到的人。故A选项（encounter）正确：偶遇，遇到，邂逅。所以，选择A。
33. C 考查动词短语辨析 回顾发生的这件事，作者感到很幸运：有人想帮助一个陌生人。C选项（look back）正确：回顾，追忆。所以，选择C。
34.D 考查介词辨析 根据倒数第二段中提到的“people are more divided”可以推知，一般人在捡到别人的钱包后，都不会像Erin那样亲自归还失主。因此该句指：Erin的所作所为远远超越了其他人的行为。该空表示“超过，超越”，选D选项（beyond）：超过，超越。所以，选择D。
35. D 考查形容词辨析 Erin在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还作者的钱包，作者对此非常感激。D选项（grateful）正确：感激的。所以，选择D。
7.（模拟练习-1）
At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 16 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of 17 but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my 18 .
When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me 19 . I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with this 20 weight any more.
That year, I 21 a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her 22 story - she had not only 125 lost pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.
23 by her story, I created the As We Heal (痊愈), the World Heals 24 . My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 25 a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the world 26 me as the perfect solution.
27 I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would 28 the same difficulties that beat me before. While the 29 hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed down the right 30 . I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began 31 in from hundreds of people.
Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician（内科医生）, I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and 32 meals. My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise 33 .
A year later, I 34 my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is 35 and enormous.
16. A. add B. mix C. kill D. share
17. A. diets B. drinks C. fruits D. dishes
18. A. height B. ability C. wisdom D. weight
19. A. temporarily B. recently C. seriously D. secretly
20. A. ideal B. extra C. normal D. low
21. A. attended B. organized C. recommended D. mentioned
22. A. folk B. success C. adventure D. science
23. A. Surprised B. Amused C. Influenced D. Disturbed
24. A. project B. business C. system D. custom
25. A. in search of B. in need of C. in place of D. in support of
26. A. scared B. considered C. confused D. struck
27. A. As B. Until C. If D. Unless
28. A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside
29. A. excitement B. joy C. anger D. fear
30. A. row B. hall C. path D. street
31. A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping
32. A. heavy B. full C. expensive D. healthy
33. A. regularly B. limitlessly C. suddenly D. randomly
34. A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped
35. A. stressful B. painful C. meaningful D. peaceful
【答案与解析】
这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述自己减肥成功的经历。作者通过给自己制定目标，然后坚持不懈地努力去战胜困难，不仅减肥成功，而且募集了50，000美元的资金，实现了自己的既定目标。通过这次经历作者也认识到自己投入到了意义巨大的事情上。
16.C 考查动词辨析 根据下文的并列成分to make myself feel better(为了使我自己感觉更好)可以判断出前句是扼杀不好的感觉。A. 增加；B. 混合；C. 扼杀；D. 分享。所以，选C。
17.A 考查名词辨析 根据At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. 和上文Worried about my health可知本句表示：我尝试了不同种类的饮食，但都没有起作用。A. 饮食；B. 饮料；C. 水果；D. 菜。根据句意可知，所以，选A。
18.D 考查名词辨析 根据上文I tried many different kinds of 17 but nothing worked.可知下文是：我开始觉得我对自己的体重无能为力。A. 身高；B. 能力；C. 聪明；D. 体重。所以，选D。
19.C 考查副词辨析 根据上文可知作者减肥没有成功，由此可知本句为：当我五十岁时，我的体重问题严重影响了我。A. 临时地；B. 近期；C. 严重地；D. 秘密地。所以，选C。
20.B 考查形容词辨析 根据前句可知下文是：我不想我的余生带着这些额外的体重。A. 理想的；B. 额外的；C. 正常的；D. 低的。所以，选B。
21.A 考查动词辨析 根据宾语a seminar(一个研讨班)可知，我参加了一个研讨班。A. 参加；B. 组织；C. 推荐；D. 提到。所以，选A。
22.B 考查名词辨析 根据下文she had not only lost 125 pounds， but also raised $25，000 for homeless children.可知，研讨会的一个领导和我分享了她的成功故事。A. 民间；B. 成功；C. 探险；D. 科学。所以，选B。
23.C 考查非谓语 根据上文的成功故事和下文I created the As We Heal(痊愈)， the World Heals 24 .可知，我被她的故事所影响。A. 感到惊讶；B. 感到高兴；C. 被影响；D. 被打扰。所以，选C。
24.A 考查名词辨析 根据下文My goal was ...可知，我创建了这个As We Heal(痊愈)， the World Heals项目。A. 工程，项目；B. 生意；C. 系统；D. 风俗习惯。下文30空后的句子中的project是提示。所以，选A。
25.D 考查介词短语辨析 根据上文raise $50,000可知，此处表示“为了支持三十年前为了结束饥饿而创办的一项活动”。A. 为了寻找；B. 需要；C. 代替；D. 为了支持。所以，选D。
26.D 考查动词辨析 根据主语This combination of healing myself and healing the world可知，我认为这种既治愈自己又治愈世界的结合似乎是一个完美的解决方案。根据句意和关键词as判断出这是考查固定短语：sth. strikes sb某人想到/认为……是……，所以，选D。
27.A 考查连词辨析 根据主句I was filled with the fear... 我充满了恐惧……可知：此处是“当我开始我的个人体重项目时”。A. 当……的时候；B. 直到；C. 如果；D. 除非。所以，选A。
28.B 考查动词短语辨析 根据上文fear和下文the same difficulties that beat me before可知，我充满了恐惧，害怕遇到以前打败我的同样的困难。A. 克服，战胜；B. 遇到；C. 寻找；D. 把……放到一边。所以，选B。
29.D 考查名词辨析 根据上文I was filled with the fear that ...可知，尽管恐惧围绕在我的脑海。A. 兴奋；B. 快乐，高兴；C. 生气；D. 恐惧。所以，选D。
30.C 考查名词辨析 有迹象表明我正走向正确的道路。A. 排；B. 大厅；C. 路；D. 街道。所以，选C。
31.B 考查动词辨析 根据上文It worked perfectly可知，捐款从几百人那里涌入。break in 闯入；flood in 大量涌入；jump in 跳进；step in 步入。所以，选B。
32.D 考查形容词辨析 根据上文hired a fitness coach可知，我开始每餐吃少量且健康的食物。A. 重的；B. 满的；C. 贵的；D. 健康的。所以，选D。
33.A 考查副词辨析 根据exercise可知，我的募集资金的中心也给了我新的激励，让我定期锻炼。A. 定期地；B. 无限度地；C. 突然地；D. 随意地。所以，选A。
34.B 考查动词辨析 根据上文第四段第二句和下文I lost 150 pounds and raised $50，000! 可知，我实现了我的目标。A. 制定；B. 实现，达到；C. 错过；D. 使降低。所以，选B。
35.C 考查形容词辨析 句意：我感觉到我被给予了第二次生命来做有意义的大事。A. 有压力的；B. 疼痛的；C. 有意义的；D. 和平的。根据上文的成功可以判断出选项C正确。所以，选C。
8. （模拟练习-2）
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it 36 to have too much
I 37 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 38 a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it ___39____.
When I got into college, things 40 . I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this 41 there was no sense of 42 to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became 43 . Once that happened, I just kept 44 my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was 45 really late at night to get my work alone.
One day I 46 a former classmate of mine who was 47 a lot of money running a sideline (副业). Since his regular job was 48 , I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time. He said without the job， he would 49 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 50 .He said that if he 51 the job， he would lose his 52 to work and succeed.
So, try 53 your time with other work. This is why there is a 54 that if you want something done， ask a 55 person to do it.
36. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible
37. A. remember B. admit C. understand D. expect
38. A. watched B. loved. C. coached D. played
39.A. at last B. right away C. of course D. mattered
40.A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered
41.A. extra B. difficult. C. valuable D. limited
42.A. duty B. achievement C. urgency D. direction
43.A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit
44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling
45. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off
46. A. met B. helped C. treated D. hired
47. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making
48. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding
49.A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply
50.A. childhood B. college C. town D. business
51.A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept
52. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way
53.A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading
54. A. message B. story C. saying D. fact
55. A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind
【答案与解析】
作者通过亲身经历告诉我们：拥有太多时间就会拖延做事情，时间紧迫反而能合理安排时间把事情做好。
36.D 考查形容词辨析 句意：我们都听说过时间比金钱更有价值，但是拥有的时间太多可能会把事情做好吗 A. true真实的；B. fair公平的；C. strange奇怪的；D. possible可能的。可能的：表示作者的疑问，所以，选D。
37.A 考查动词 此处表示回忆起高中时自己的生活。A. remember记得；B. admit承认；C. understand理解；D. expect期望。回忆起：remember back，所以，选A。
38.D 考查动词辨析 此处指自从我进行团体体育锻炼后多数时间在学校。A. watched观察；B. loved热爱；C. coached训练；D. played玩，进行体育锻炼： play sport，所以，选D。
39.B 考查固定短语辨析 句意：因为在校时间多，在家做作业的时间就少了，所以在家时必须马上写作业。A.at last最后；B. right away立刻，马上；C. of course当然；D. mattered要紧的、重要的事。下文do my school work immediately给了提示，所以，选B。
40.C 考查动词辨析 句意：大学生活和高中生活不一样，所以说发生了改变。A. happened发生；B. repeated重复；C. changed改变；D. mattered要紧。根据常识可知，发生变化了。所以，选C。
41.A 考查形容词辨析 此处指大学里有许多额外的时间。A. extra额外的；B. difficult困难的；C. valuable有价值的；D. limited有限的。所以，选A。
42.C 考查名词辨析 句意：大学里没有马上做作业的紧迫感，与高中时抓紧时间做作业形成对比。A. duty责任；B. achievement成就；C. urgency紧急；D. direction方向。所以，选C。
43.D 考查名词辨析 由于不着急写作业，所以后来就形成了等的习惯。A. burden负担；B. relief救济；C. risk冒险；D. habit习惯。所以，选D。
44.A 考查动词辨析 句意：我就不断地把学习往后推，越推越远。（calling）呼唤）与上文的waiting呼应，指形成等的习惯后， A. pushing推；B. taking拿；C. setting放置；D. calling呼唤。根据常识可知答案。所以，选A。
45.B 考查动词短语辨析 根据late at night可知是熬夜，此处指作业等到最后熬夜完成。A. hanging out挂出，常去某处；B. staying up熬夜； C. jogging round慢跑；D. showing off炫耀。所以，选B。
46.A 考查动词辨析 此处指遇到了以前的同学。A. met遇见；B. helped帮助；C. treated治疗；D. hired雇用。所以，选A。
47.D 考查动词辨析 此处指经营副业挣了许多钱，“挣钱”是make money。A. raising举起；B. wasting浪费；C. demanding要求；D. making获得。故选D。
48.C 考查形容词辨析 因为他的常规工作是无聊的，所以作者建议他把副业作为全职工作。A. safe安全的；B. important重要的；C. boring无聊的；D. rewarding有益的。所以，选C。
49.D 考查副词辨析 句意：朋友说如果没有这个工作，很简单，他就会有太多无聊的时间A. luckily幸运地；B. hardly几乎不；C. hopefully有希望地；D. simply简单地。所以，选D。
50.B 考查名词辨析 句意：他就会像我大学时一样因为有太多的时间而不着急做事，与上文内容呼应，A. childhood童年时期；B. college大学；C. town城镇；D. business商业。所以，选B。
51.A 考查动词辨析 句意：如果他放弃工作，就会失去工作和成功的动力。与作者的建议呼应，A. quit放弃；B. found发现；C. accepted接受；D. kept保持。所以，选A。
52.C 考查名词辨析 此处指如果他放弃工作，就失去了紧迫感，就会失去工作和成功的动力。A. heart心脏；B. chance机会；C. drive驱动力；D. way方法。drive在此表示：动力，所以，选C。
53.B 考查动词辨析 句意：试着用其他工作装满你的时间，使自己忙起来。A. saving节约；B. filling up装满；C. giving up放弃；D. trading交易。所以，选B。
54.C 考查名词辨析 此处指if you want something done, ask a 55 person to do it.这句谚语，A. message消息；B. story故事；C. saying谚语；D. fact事实。所以，选C。
55.B 考查形容词辨析 此处指如果你想做某事，请忙碌的人去做。忙碌的人会抓紧时间完成，不忙的人只会拖延时间。A. careful小心的；B. busy忙碌的；C. r【2022高分攻略】高考英语二轮复习学案(通用版)
专题十九 完型填空之夹叙夹议文（原卷版）
黑龙江 哈尔滨 邱尚瑛
【考纲解读】
高中英语完型填空部分在高考试卷中占有重要地位，很多的完形填空往往在平淡的叙述中蕴含深刻的人生哲理.因此，考生不但要理解文章的字面意思，还需要挖掘文章的内涵。这类文章是高考英语完形填空中最有难度的，也是高频的一类体裁。
对于夹叙夹议类完形填空，需要抓住作者要说明的观点或者作者要阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类型题目的关键，而作者叙述所发生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想服务的。考生需要注意：教材是知识点的载体，不管考试的试题如何变化，无论试题难度有多难，考查内容都来自课本。所以，考生要坚持以教材为主，以课文阅读为主线，逐步消化其中的词汇知识，夯实基础，全面提高其英语听、读、写的能力。
【考点剖析】
【相关知识点连接】
一、夹叙夹议类完型填空的特点
在完型填空题中的夹叙夹议类型中，一般情况下，作者会首先叙述一件事情，在叙述的过程中或结束之后发表自己的见解或者由此事件引出一个深刻的社会话题。夹叙夹议类完型填空比记叙文类的多了一层思考。
这类文体比较的显著特点是具有记叙与议论的双重性，首句往往是简单的描述一个事件，而后展开对此社会现象的讨论，并引发深层次的思考。 夹叙夹议类的选材具有教育意义，语言用词地道，蕴含着深刻的寓意，可读性强。此类题一般有以下特征：
1. 先叙述自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后真对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。
2. 先提出一种观点或看法。然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。
3. 提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步的总结和升华。
二、夹叙夹议类完形填空的命题规律
夹叙夹议类完形填空的命题规律是：作者先叙述自己的某一个生活经历或者观点，然后针对这一事件或围绕这个观点用具体的事例加以说明，有时候可能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明，来表达自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。 夹叙夹议类型的完型填空文章常有以下结构特点：
1. 事例--观点 作者先说自己的经历或遇到的一件事情，然后针对这个事情来展开自己的看法。
2. 观点--事例 作者先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这个观点用具体的事例说明。
3. 观点--事例--观点 作者提出一种观点，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述自己的观点。
三、夹叙夹议类完型填空的解题技巧
1. 分析结构、理解观点
注意借助文章结构，体会记叙与议论的关系，抓住作者的观点明确文章的结构，从而理解作者的思路。
2. 重视首句、把握主题
此类题型的首句常是文章的关键句或主题句。所以，要注意通过首句判断文章的中心与作者的写作意图，从而理解全文。
3. 叙议兼顾 、理解内涵
在夹叙夹议文中，叙述与议论是一个有机的整体，叙述是议论的基础，议论是叙述的升华。因此，在解题时，注意作者叙述的目的是为了议。考生必须注意要将故事与哲理联系起来，结合作者对人物心理和行为的叙述理解议论的内涵。
4. 观察转换、理清逻辑
解题时要抓住记叙与议论的转换，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，准确把我语境，据此注意词语的辨析。从而根据所理解的作者观点而找出正确答案。
【强化训练】
1. （2021年高考 浙江1月卷）
Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to 6 on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA．Three months later I 7 myself on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona. I was 8 at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of 9 . my worries had gone. Everyone was so 10 and like-minded that it was very 11 to feel at home.
I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day 12 . We had to 13 everything we needed and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a 14 way but in 35℃ heat and with a heavy pack, my legs were on fire.
My job was to 15 a stairway out of rock. This 16 climbing up and down the side of a mountain inhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard, never 17 .
Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The 18 of knowing that my 19 will be on that mountainside for years to come is massive.
But on the last night we were 20 in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent. The temperature was close to 21 . I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only 22 part of my tent.
23 , I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I 24 . I think I am much 25 for having taken part in the project.
6．A．calculate B．negotiate C．advertise D．research
7．A．imagined B．introduced C．enjoyed D．found
8．A．annoyed B．surprised C．scared D．excited
9．A．arriving B．sleeping C．thinking D．walking
10．A．confident B．friendly C．energetic D．curious
11．A．funny B．good C．lucky D．easy
12．A．tour B．project C．campaign D．course
13．A．drop B．make C．carry D．buy
14．A．nice B．safe C．long D．quick
15．A．build B．test C．clean D．guard
16．A．helped B．ended C．allowed D．meant
17．A．hunted B．trained C．seen D．fed
18．A．Satisfaction B．ambition C．expectation D．intention
19．A．work B．memory C．record D．story
20．A．left B．caught C．attacked D．separated
21．A．boiling B．average C．normal D．freezing
22．A．tidy B．dry C．new D．soft
23．A．By the way B．Regardless of that C．Needless to say D．In either case
24．A．survived B．resisted C．escaped D．recovered
25．A．smarter B．stronger C．happier D．busier
2. （2020年高考 天津卷）
Detective Ashley Jones works at a police department in England. He has recently made a significant___16___- -loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it can be___17___in a clever way. The___18___ Chat benches.
Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who had been cheated of her___19___. The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning who ___20___made her believe that he was her friend, and then she lent him about “f 31,000. Jones was___21___ when she said that she didn’t actually___22___ being cheated. “Otherwise, 1would never speak to another person for weeks on end,” she said.
This led Jones to the conclusion that there are too many extremely ___23___ people in his community, who are easy targets of cheating. So he___24___ to do something about it. He_____25_____ the police department to allow him to _____26_____ a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Then he hung a colorful sign on each of the benches that_____27_____: “HAPPY TO CHAT”. Just a few days after the signs went up, he found people sitting there and engaging in active and_____28_____ conversations.
The idea is catching on_____29_____There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond. All who participated have gained a(n)_____30_____ outcome from getting involved. Jones’ idea has been fully _____31_____-the “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help_____32_____ the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello.
This effort is not just a(n) _____33_____ at being community minded- -it’s also a _____34_____ measure. It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters.
The Chat Bench is a fantastic new project that_____35_____ those of all ages to interact and get to know each other in the future.
16. A. choice B. discovery C. visit D. promise
17. A. experienced B. suffered C. prevented D. felt
18. A. solution B. puzzle C. excuse D. intention
19. A. pleasure B. prize C. credit D. money
20. A. eventually B. frequently C. previously D. occasionally
21. A. ashamed B. shocked C. excited D. amused
22. A. mind B. forgive C. risk D. enjoy
23. A. active B. lonely C. cautious D. stubborn
24. A. learned B. refused C. pretended D. decided
25. A. forced B. ordered C. convinced D. taught
26. A. put away B. make out C. tear apart D. set up
27. A. read B. claimed C. meant D. implied
28. A. formal B. joyful C. awkward D. crazy
29. A. randomly B. slowly C. quickly D. purposefully
30. A. positive B. disappointing C. correct D. embarrassing
31. A. realized B. examined C. discussed D. formed
32. A. break down B. put up C. keep off D. take out
33. A. glance B. attempt C. knock D. attack
34. A. heart-breaking B. risk-taking C. face-saving D. crime-cutting
35. A. forbids B. appoints C. encourages D. troubles
3.（2020年高考 新课标Ⅲ卷）
As s businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, ___41___ can also drive you mad. They’ll come rushing in， ___42___their handbag’s been stolen. They’ll ___43___ that they left it in the changing room, create havoe (混乱) and then ___44___ it had been in their car all the time. They’ll have out half the ___45___ in the shop, and want the only style you don’t have left in a ___46___ colour. I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them to keep ___47___.
I remember the first really ___48___ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was. ___49___ absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather ____50____ that she became a “regular”. After a while, she ____51____ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat ____52____, and since she’d found it too much to cope with (应对), she’d taken it out on ____53____ people.
That taught me a valuable ____54____ and I pass it on to the people who ____55____ in the market. Don’t take it ____56____. If a customer is rude or difficult， just think “Maybe she’s had a row with her husband. Maybe her child’s not ____57____.” Always water it down and don’t let your ego (自我) get ____58____. If you do， you won’ be able to ____59____ it and the whole thing develops into an unpleasant scene and that ____60____ everyone’s day.
41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists
42. A. saying B. pretending C. guessing D. replying
43. A. agree B. promise C. imagine D. swear
44. A. forget B. decide C. discover D. assume
45. A. foods B. catalogues C. belongings D. goods
46. A. particular B. different C. matching D. natural
47. A. fighting B. smiling C. waiting D. changing
48. A. generous B. polite C. careless D. difficult
49. A. curious about B. displeased with C. patient with D. uncertain about
50. A. relaxed B. delighted C. surprised D. embarrassed
51. A. searched B. argued C. prayed D. apologized
52. A. by chance B. by herself C. on purpose D. on duty
53. A. rude B. such C. other D. lonely
54. A. lesson B. trick C. skill D. trade
55. A. work B. shop C. meet D. quarrel
56. A. kindly B. secretly C. personally D. casually
57. A. ready B. away C. up D. well
58. A. out of sight B. in the way C. behind the scene D. above the law
59. A. stress B. expect C. handle D. blame
60. A. ruins B. makes C. starts D. saves
4.（2020年高考 江苏卷）
Being good at something and having a passion for it are not enough. Success ___36___ fundamentally on our view of ourselves and of the ____37____ in our lives.
When twelve-year-old John Wilson walked into his chemistry class on a rainy day in 1931， he had no ___38___ of knowing that his life was to change ____39____. The class experiment that day was to ____40____ how heating a container of water would bring air bubbling (冒泡) to the surface. ____41____， the container the teacher gave Wilson to heat ____42____ held something more volatile (易挥发的) than water. When Wilson heated it， the container ___43___， leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes.
When Wilson returned home from hospital two months later， his parents ____44____ to find a way to deal with the catastrophe that had ______45______ their lives. But Wilson did not regard the accident as ______46______. He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education at Worcester College for the Blind. There， he not only did well as a student but also became a(n)______47______ public speaker.
Later， he worked in Africa， where many people suffered from ______48______ for lack of proper treatment. For him， it was one thing to _____49_____ his own fate of being blind and quite another to allow something to continue _____50_____ it could be fixed so easily. This moved him to action. And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the ______51______ Wilson made to preventing the ______52______.
Wilson received several international ______53______ for his great contributions. He lost his sight but found a _____54_____. He proved that it’s not what happens to us that ______55______ our lives-it’s what we make of what happens.
36. A. depends B. holds C. keeps D. reflects
37. A. dilemmas B. accidents C. events D. steps
38. A. way B. hope C. plan D. measure
39. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely
40. A. direct B. show C. advocate D. declare
41. A. Anyway B. Moreover C. Somehow D. Thus
42. A. mistakenly B. casually C. amazingly D. clumsily
43. A. erupted B. exploded C. emptied D. exposed
44. A. deserved B. attempted C. cared D. agreed
45. A. submitted to B. catered for C. impressed on D. happened to
46. A. fantastic B. extraordinary C. impressive D. catastrophic
47. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent
48. A. deafness B. depression C. blindness D. speechlessness
49. A. decide B. abandon C. control D. accept
50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before
51. A. opposition B. adjustments C. commitment D. limitations
52. A. preventable B. potential C. spreadable D. influential
53. A. scholarships B. rewards C. awards D. bonuses
54. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision
55. A. distinguishes B. determines C. claims D. limits
5. （2019年高考 全国1卷）
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They ___41___ with them lots of waste. The ___42___ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the ___43___ of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories， I’m ___44___ about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
However， I soon ___45___ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of ___46___ among tons of rubbish. I find a ___47___ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are ___48___ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be ___49___.
The best of a Kilimanjaro ___50___, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are ___51___ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ___52___ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ___53___ go through five ecosystems (生态系统) in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ___54___ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather __55__ -low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ___56___ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4,000 meters is the highland ___57___: gravel (砾石), stones and rocks. ___58___ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ___59___ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro ___60___ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.
41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters
43. A. position B. age C. face D. name
44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate
46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones
47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary
49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away
50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose
53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to
55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits
56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake
58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial
60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire
6.（2019年高考 天津卷）
I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night，when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus，which was now speeding in the dark to some______16______station.
The____17____moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the_____18_____of that little wallet？The credit cards，the driver's license，the cash，all lost to the bus.
Two hours later，back at my house，I heard a knock on the door. My husband ___19____it while I was on the phone in the dining room. "Does Jennifer live here？" I heard a lady say. In my husband's hand was my wallet，with not a penny___20___. She left before I could __21__ make it to the door to offer my thanks.
After sharing the story online，I heard from someone，who ____22____ the lady as Erin Smith. Without ___23___ ，I called to thank her. She said she ____24____ my wallet on a bus seat. She_____25_____that going to a stranger's house was a ____26____ move，but she decided to take the chance. "If I were in that ____27____ I would want someone to try to find me，" she said.
This one stranger responded beautifully to my small ____28____ ，but she actually wasn't the only one. Right after Erin ____29____ my wallet on the bus，she posted a picture of my driver's license to an online forum（论坛），trying to see ____30____ anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son's nursery and who recognized my face. I've never ____31____ words with those moms beyond small tall，but they wanted to help. I read that people are more divided than ever，but that's not how the people I_____32_____tend to act.
___33___，I feel blessed someone had wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone ____34____what almost anyone would have done，finding my house on a bitterly cold night，and for that I was extremely ____35____ .
16. A. accessible B. hidden C. unknown D. convenient
17. A. face-saving B. brain-washing C. eye-catching D. heart-stopping
18. A. parts B. contents C. details D. ingredients
19. A. ignored B. answered C. examined D. interrupted
20. A. missing B. returned C. remaining D. abandoned
21. A. still B. ever C. yet D. even
22. A. selected B. appointed C. identified D. defined
23. A. delay B. alarm C. regret D. invitation
24. A. moved B. placed C. opened D. spotted
25. A. disagreed B. complained C. calculated D. recommended
26. A. selfless B. risky C. slow D. personal
27. A. site B. direction C. situation D. atmosphere
28. A. crisis B. danger C. threat D. failure
29. A. got rid of B. made use of C. had control of D. took possession of
30. A. if B. where C. how D. when
31. A. recalled B. exchanged C. repeated D. whispered
32. A. encounter B. follow C. consult D. accompany
33. A. Going away B. Turning around C. Looking back？ D. Coming along
34. A. into B. against C. over D. beyond
35. A. longing B. enthusiastic C. concerned D. grateful
7.（模拟练习-1）
At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 16 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of 17 but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my 18 .
When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me 19 . I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with this 20 weight any more.
That year, I 21 a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her 22 story - she had not only 125 lost pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.
23 by her story, I created the As We Heal (痊愈), the World Heals 24 . My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 25 a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the world 26 me as the perfect solution.
27 I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would 28 the same difficulties that beat me before. While the 29 hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed down the right 30 . I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began 31 in from hundreds of people.
Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician（内科医生）, I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and 32 meals. My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise 33 .
A year later, I 34 my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is 35 and enormous.
16. A. add B. mix C. kill D. share
17. A. diets B. drinks C. fruits D. dishes
18. A. height B. ability C. wisdom D. weight
19. A. temporarily B. recently C. seriously D. secretly
20. A. ideal B. extra C. normal D. low
21. A. attended B. organized C. recommended D. mentioned
22. A. folk B. success C. adventure D. science
23. A. Surprised B. Amused C. Influenced D. Disturbed
24. A. project B. business C. system D. custom
25. A. in search of B. in need of C. in place of D. in support of
26. A. scared B. considered C. confused D. struck
27. A. As B. Until C. If D. Unless
28. A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside
29. A. excitement B. joy C. anger D. fear
30. A. row B. hall C. path D. street
31. A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping
32. A. heavy B. full C. expensive D. healthy
33. A. regularly B. limitlessly C. suddenly D. randomly
34. A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped
35. A. stressful B. painful C. meaningful D. peaceful
8. （模拟练习-2）
We have all heard how time is more valuable than money, but is it 36 to have too much
I 37 back in high school I spent most of my day at school since I also 38 a team sport. By the time I got home, I only had a few hours to do my homework, and I had to do it ___39____.
When I got into college, things 40 . I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all this 41 there was no sense of 42 to do my school work immediately. I was performing this action of waiting until it later became 43 . Once that happened, I just kept 44 my studying further and further back in my day. Then I got to the point where I was 45 really late at night to get my work alone.
One day I 46 a former classmate of mine who was 47 a lot of money running a sideline (副业). Since his regular job was 48 , I asked him why he just didn't do his sideline full-time. He said without the job， he would 49 have too much time and would just do what I did back in 50 .He said that if he 51 the job， he would lose his 52 to work and succeed.
So, try 53 your time with other work. This is why there is a 54 that if you want something done， ask a 55 person to do it.
36. A. true B. fair C. strange D. possible
37. A. remember B. admit C. understand D. expect
38. A. watched B. loved. C. coached D. played
39.A. at last B. right away C. of course D. mattered
40.A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered
41.A. extra B. difficult. C. valuable D. limited
42.A. duty B. achievement C. urgency D. direction
43.A. burden B. relief C. risk D. habit
44. A. pushing B. taking C. setting D. calling
45. A. hanging out B. staying up C. jogging round D. showing off
46. A. met B. helped C. treated D. hired
47. A. raising B. wasting C. demanding D. making
48. A. safe B. important C. boring D. rewarding
49.A. luckily B. hardly C. hopefully D. simply
50.A. childhood B. college C. town D. business
51.A. quit B. found C. accepted D. kept
52. A. heart B. chance C. drive D. way
53.A. saving B. filling up C. giving up D. trading
54. A. message B. story C. saying D. fact
55. A. careful B. busy C. reliable D. kind
19