定语从句关系副词复习资料
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文档简介
(共34张PPT)
Review of Relative Adverbs and Prep.+which/whom
刘君杰
关系代词所引导的定语从句：
指人的关系代词
指物的关系代词
that who whom
that which as
表属格的关系代词
whose
Mr Liu is our English teacher,
________________________
who is always smiling at us happily.
2. We are going to review something
________________________
that we learned before.
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Consolidation Practice:
Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时。
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
which
在非限制性定语从句中，只用which，不用that。
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
which
that
/不填
当先行词既有人又有物时。
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
which
that
/不填
/that
who
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
which
that
/不填
/that
who
who
/whom
/that
/不填
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
which
that
/不填
/that
who
who
/whom
/that
/不填
As
当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。
7. We have found such materials _______ are used in their factory.
8. The train is the last ________ goes to Suzhou.
9. This is the most interesting film _________ I have ever seen.
10. This is the scientist _________ achievements are well known.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
as
关系代词as引导定语从句常可用于下列句式：such+名词+as以及the same+名词+as, 其中关系代词as在从句中担任主语、宾语或表语。
7. We have found such materials _______ are used in their factory.
8. The train is the last ________ goes to Suzhou.
9. This is the most interesting film _________ I have ever seen.
10. This is the scientist _________ achievements are well known.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
as
that
当先行词是序数词(ordinal number)或它前面有序数词修饰时。
7. We have found such materials _______ are used in their factory.
8. The train is the last ________ goes to Suzhou.
9. This is the most interesting film _________ I have ever seen.
10. This is the scientist _________ achievements are well known.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
as
that
that
/不填
当先行词是形容词最高级(superlative)或先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰时。
7. We have found such materials _______ are used in their factory.
8. The train is the last ________ goes to Suzhou.
9. This is the most interesting film _________ I have ever seen.
10. This is the scientist _________ achievements are well known.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
as
that
that
/不填
whose
定语从句之关系副词的用法：
指时间的关系副词
指地点的关系副词
指原因的关系副词
when
where
why
当先行词在定语从句中作 时，可使用关系副词。
1. I still remember the day _______ I first came to Beijing.
2. Because of financial crisis, days are gone _______ local 5-star hotels charged 6000 yuan for 1 night.
3. Can you tell me the office _______ he works
4. I passed by the playground _______ many children were playing football.
5. Do you know the reason _______ he is absent
6. The reason ______ I am thankful to her is that she took care of me when I was ill.
关系副词的用法
when
when
where
where
why
why
状语
高考试题对于where这一关系副词的考查趋于复杂，从先行词明显的“地点”转为“地点的模糊化”
1. She has reached the point where she has to decide what to do.
2. We will discuss some cases where beginners of English fail to use the language.
归纳：当先行词是case, point, position, situation, stage等词且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，常用where引导定语从句。
Where指代抽象地点
where
where
请看下面的两个句子：
1. She will never forget her stay there when she found her son who had gone missing two years ago.
2. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, when the audience can buy ice-cream.
归纳：当先行词是period, occasion, age等词且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，常用when引导定语从句。
When指代抽象时间
when
when
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语（whose作定语用）；而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。因此，在选择引导词时，最重要的是分析定语从句缺少什么成分，若从句中缺主、宾或表，那必须使用关系代词；若从句缺状语，就可以选择关系副词（有时候还可以使用“介词+关系代词”的结构）。
试比较以下三组句子：
判断关系代词与关系副词
Do you still remember the days we spent in Qingdao
Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao
This is the factory that/which makes toy cars.
This is the factory where my father works.
The reason why she was late sounds reasonable.
The reason that/which she gave me sounds reasonable.
判断关系代词与关系副词
that/which
that/which
that/which
when
where
why
Q：关系副词和关系代词有联系吗？
vt.
vi.
vt.
S.+v.+P.
object
S.
in which
in which
for which
when=
where=
why=
关系副词=相应的介词+which
表时间的介词(in, at, during等)+which
表地点的介词(in, at, on, under等)+which
表原因的介词(for)+which
1. I still remember the day _______ I first came to Beijing.
2. Because of financial crisis, days are gone _______ local 5-star hotels charged 6000 yuan for 1 night.
3. Can you tell me the office _______ he works
4. I passed by the playground _______ many children were playing football.
5. Do you know the reason _______ he is absent
6. The reason ________ I am thankful to her is that she took care of me when I was ill.
关系副词=相应的介词+which
when
when
where
where
why
why
on which
in which
in which
on which
for which
for which
作介词宾语的关系代词只能是which和whom，“介词＋which/whom”既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句。常见的有以下几种结构：
1． 介词 ＋ 关系代词（用于不及物动词+介词+宾语结构）
The poor man has no house that/which he can live in.
= The poor man has no house in which he can live.
Mandela was the black lawyer who/whom/that I went to for advice.
= Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.
介词+which/whom引导的定语从句
in which
to whom
2． 名词/代词/数词＋介词＋关系代词
我们班有70名同学，大部分都来自于农村。
Our class has 70 students, most of whom are from the countryside.
= Our class has 70 students, of whom most are from the countryside.
= Our class has 70 students, and most of them are from the countryside.
我从书店买了一些书，其中有三本小说。
I bought some books from the bookstore, three of which were novels.
= I bought some books from the bookstore, of which three were novels.
= I bought some books from the bookstore, and three of them were novels.
介词+which/whom引导的定语从句
most of whom
of whom most
three of which
of which three
most of them
three of them
3. 形容词最高级 ＋ 介词 ＋ 关系代词
中国有成千的岛屿，最大的是台湾。
China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.
= China has thousands of islands, of which the largest is Taiwan.
= China has thousands of islands, and the largest of them is Taiwan.
看！有些男孩正在操场上踢球，最高的那个就是我弟弟。
Look! Some boys are playing football on the playground, the tallest of whom is my younger brother.
= Look! Some boys are playing football on the playground, of whom the tallest is my younger brother.
= Look! Some boys are playing football on the playground,
and the tallest of them is my younger brother.
介词+which/whom引导的定语从句
the largest of which
of which the largest
the tallest of whom
of whom the tallest
the largest of them
the tallest of them
Task 1
Task 2
Task 3
Practice
Task 1
Fill in the blanks, using relative adverbs or prep.+which/whom.
Practice
1. I will give you my friend’s home address, ________ I can be reached most evenings.
2. There are many occasions ________________ people suddenly forget how to spell a word.
3. The two things ____________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
4. The man, __________ he played football, has gone to another city.
5. Recently I bought a cellphone, the price _________ was really reasonable.
where
when
about which
with whom
of which
/at which
/on which
Task 2
Find out the mistake in each of the following sentences.
Practice
1. I've read all the books which you lent me.
2. The student is standing there is our monitor.
3. The man with who I worked has left.
4. Could you show me the shop which I can buy some magazines.
5. This is the jacket which I bought it last month.
6. There are moments in life that you miss someone so much.
that
who
/that
whom
where
when
/不填
/in which
Task 3
Combine the sentences on the paper into a compound sentence with an attributive clause.
Para. 1 Para. 2 Para. 3 Para. 4
Practice
Para. 1:
Della was a house wife ______________ _______________. Her husband was Jim, ____________________ with a very low salary. The couple, ________________ ________________, was living a miserable life.
A Sacrifice for Love
who was doing a job
who/that lived
in a shabby flat
who loved each
other very much
Para 2:
Before Christmas Day, Della counted her money ___________________________ at the grocery, at the bakery and the butcher’s. She looked around the flat ________________________________. There was an electric bell ___________________________. She stood by the window and looked out at a grey cat, _____ _______________________________________. She had been planning to buy a gift for her Jim, _______
_________________________________________________.
that/which she saved by bargaining
that/which cost them 8 pounds per week
that/which did not work any longer
which
was walking along a grey fence in a grey backyard
which
should be worthy of the honor of being owned by him
Para 3:
Della began to think about the happy days __________ ______________.She did not know the reason _____ ______________. She was trying hard to find the place _______________________________________. Suddenly, she thought about the barbershop _______ __________. She could not help imagining the moment _______________________________________.
where she could find something very nice for Jim
when Jim would feel very surprised to see the gift
that she and
Jim spent together
why
they were so poor
that might
buy her hair
Para 4:
Della passed the mailbox, ______________________ _______. She finally stopped at a barbershop, __________________________ saying “Hair Goods of
All Kinds”. She bargained with the gold watch-chain
owner, ______________________________________.
in front of which there was a sign
to whom she finally handed most of her money
into which usually no letter
would go
Thank you all!
Review of Relative Adverbs and Prep.+which/whom
刘君杰
关系代词所引导的定语从句：
指人的关系代词
指物的关系代词
that who whom
that which as
表属格的关系代词
whose
Mr Liu is our English teacher,
________________________
who is always smiling at us happily.
2. We are going to review something
________________________
that we learned before.
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Consolidation Practice:
Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时。
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
which
在非限制性定语从句中，只用which，不用that。
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
which
that
/不填
当先行词既有人又有物时。
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
which
that
/不填
/that
who
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
which
that
/不填
/that
who
who
/whom
/that
/不填
1. Do you have anything __________ you want to say for yourself
2. They secretly built up some factories, _________ produced things that could cause pollution.
3. Do you know the things and persons __________ they are talking about
4. She is the girl __________ lives next door.
5. They are the students _______________________ I teach.
6. _______ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
that
/不填
which
that
/不填
/that
who
who
/whom
/that
/不填
As
当非限制性定语从句放在主句前面时，只能用as。
7. We have found such materials _______ are used in their factory.
8. The train is the last ________ goes to Suzhou.
9. This is the most interesting film _________ I have ever seen.
10. This is the scientist _________ achievements are well known.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
as
关系代词as引导定语从句常可用于下列句式：such+名词+as以及the same+名词+as, 其中关系代词as在从句中担任主语、宾语或表语。
7. We have found such materials _______ are used in their factory.
8. The train is the last ________ goes to Suzhou.
9. This is the most interesting film _________ I have ever seen.
10. This is the scientist _________ achievements are well known.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
as
that
当先行词是序数词(ordinal number)或它前面有序数词修饰时。
7. We have found such materials _______ are used in their factory.
8. The train is the last ________ goes to Suzhou.
9. This is the most interesting film _________ I have ever seen.
10. This is the scientist _________ achievements are well known.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
as
that
that
/不填
当先行词是形容词最高级(superlative)或先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰时。
7. We have found such materials _______ are used in their factory.
8. The train is the last ________ goes to Suzhou.
9. This is the most interesting film _________ I have ever seen.
10. This is the scientist _________ achievements are well known.
Practice: Fill in the blanks.
as
that
that
/不填
whose
定语从句之关系副词的用法：
指时间的关系副词
指地点的关系副词
指原因的关系副词
when
where
why
当先行词在定语从句中作 时，可使用关系副词。
1. I still remember the day _______ I first came to Beijing.
2. Because of financial crisis, days are gone _______ local 5-star hotels charged 6000 yuan for 1 night.
3. Can you tell me the office _______ he works
4. I passed by the playground _______ many children were playing football.
5. Do you know the reason _______ he is absent
6. The reason ______ I am thankful to her is that she took care of me when I was ill.
关系副词的用法
when
when
where
where
why
why
状语
高考试题对于where这一关系副词的考查趋于复杂，从先行词明显的“地点”转为“地点的模糊化”
1. She has reached the point where she has to decide what to do.
2. We will discuss some cases where beginners of English fail to use the language.
归纳：当先行词是case, point, position, situation, stage等词且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，常用where引导定语从句。
Where指代抽象地点
where
where
请看下面的两个句子：
1. She will never forget her stay there when she found her son who had gone missing two years ago.
2. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, when the audience can buy ice-cream.
归纳：当先行词是period, occasion, age等词且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，常用when引导定语从句。
When指代抽象时间
when
when
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语（whose作定语用）；而关系副词在定语从句中作状语。因此，在选择引导词时，最重要的是分析定语从句缺少什么成分，若从句中缺主、宾或表，那必须使用关系代词；若从句缺状语，就可以选择关系副词（有时候还可以使用“介词+关系代词”的结构）。
试比较以下三组句子：
判断关系代词与关系副词
Do you still remember the days we spent in Qingdao
Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Qingdao
This is the factory that/which makes toy cars.
This is the factory where my father works.
The reason why she was late sounds reasonable.
The reason that/which she gave me sounds reasonable.
判断关系代词与关系副词
that/which
that/which
that/which
when
where
why
Q：关系副词和关系代词有联系吗？
vt.
vi.
vt.
S.+v.+P.
object
S.
in which
in which
for which
when=
where=
why=
关系副词=相应的介词+which
表时间的介词(in, at, during等)+which
表地点的介词(in, at, on, under等)+which
表原因的介词(for)+which
1. I still remember the day _______ I first came to Beijing.
2. Because of financial crisis, days are gone _______ local 5-star hotels charged 6000 yuan for 1 night.
3. Can you tell me the office _______ he works
4. I passed by the playground _______ many children were playing football.
5. Do you know the reason _______ he is absent
6. The reason ________ I am thankful to her is that she took care of me when I was ill.
关系副词=相应的介词+which
when
when
where
where
why
why
on which
in which
in which
on which
for which
for which
作介词宾语的关系代词只能是which和whom，“介词＋which/whom”既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句。常见的有以下几种结构：
1． 介词 ＋ 关系代词（用于不及物动词+介词+宾语结构）
The poor man has no house that/which he can live in.
= The poor man has no house in which he can live.
Mandela was the black lawyer who/whom/that I went to for advice.
= Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.
介词+which/whom引导的定语从句
in which
to whom
2． 名词/代词/数词＋介词＋关系代词
我们班有70名同学，大部分都来自于农村。
Our class has 70 students, most of whom are from the countryside.
= Our class has 70 students, of whom most are from the countryside.
= Our class has 70 students, and most of them are from the countryside.
我从书店买了一些书，其中有三本小说。
I bought some books from the bookstore, three of which were novels.
= I bought some books from the bookstore, of which three were novels.
= I bought some books from the bookstore, and three of them were novels.
介词+which/whom引导的定语从句
most of whom
of whom most
three of which
of which three
most of them
three of them
3. 形容词最高级 ＋ 介词 ＋ 关系代词
中国有成千的岛屿，最大的是台湾。
China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.
= China has thousands of islands, of which the largest is Taiwan.
= China has thousands of islands, and the largest of them is Taiwan.
看！有些男孩正在操场上踢球，最高的那个就是我弟弟。
Look! Some boys are playing football on the playground, the tallest of whom is my younger brother.
= Look! Some boys are playing football on the playground, of whom the tallest is my younger brother.
= Look! Some boys are playing football on the playground,
and the tallest of them is my younger brother.
介词+which/whom引导的定语从句
the largest of which
of which the largest
the tallest of whom
of whom the tallest
the largest of them
the tallest of them
Task 1
Task 2
Task 3
Practice
Task 1
Fill in the blanks, using relative adverbs or prep.+which/whom.
Practice
1. I will give you my friend’s home address, ________ I can be reached most evenings.
2. There are many occasions ________________ people suddenly forget how to spell a word.
3. The two things ____________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.
4. The man, __________ he played football, has gone to another city.
5. Recently I bought a cellphone, the price _________ was really reasonable.
where
when
about which
with whom
of which
/at which
/on which
Task 2
Find out the mistake in each of the following sentences.
Practice
1. I've read all the books which you lent me.
2. The student is standing there is our monitor.
3. The man with who I worked has left.
4. Could you show me the shop which I can buy some magazines.
5. This is the jacket which I bought it last month.
6. There are moments in life that you miss someone so much.
that
who
/that
whom
where
when
/不填
/in which
Task 3
Combine the sentences on the paper into a compound sentence with an attributive clause.
Para. 1 Para. 2 Para. 3 Para. 4
Practice
Para. 1:
Della was a house wife ______________ _______________. Her husband was Jim, ____________________ with a very low salary. The couple, ________________ ________________, was living a miserable life.
A Sacrifice for Love
who was doing a job
who/that lived
in a shabby flat
who loved each
other very much
Para 2:
Before Christmas Day, Della counted her money ___________________________ at the grocery, at the bakery and the butcher’s. She looked around the flat ________________________________. There was an electric bell ___________________________. She stood by the window and looked out at a grey cat, _____ _______________________________________. She had been planning to buy a gift for her Jim, _______
_________________________________________________.
that/which she saved by bargaining
that/which cost them 8 pounds per week
that/which did not work any longer
which
was walking along a grey fence in a grey backyard
which
should be worthy of the honor of being owned by him
Para 3:
Della began to think about the happy days __________ ______________.She did not know the reason _____ ______________. She was trying hard to find the place _______________________________________. Suddenly, she thought about the barbershop _______ __________. She could not help imagining the moment _______________________________________.
where she could find something very nice for Jim
when Jim would feel very surprised to see the gift
that she and
Jim spent together
why
they were so poor
that might
buy her hair
Para 4:
Della passed the mailbox, ______________________ _______. She finally stopped at a barbershop, __________________________ saying “Hair Goods of
All Kinds”. She bargained with the gold watch-chain
owner, ______________________________________.
in front of which there was a sign
to whom she finally handed most of her money
into which usually no letter
would go
Thank you all!