2022年英语中考语法复习学案——宾语从句及练习（无答案）

中考语法复习——宾语从句
趋势研判。
1. We’ ll plant trees tomorrow, and I don’t know __________ Tom will come and join us.
A. if B. which C. what D. where
2. — Can you tell me ________ — With Lucy’s help.
A. when you did it so well B. when did you do it so well
C. how you did it so well D. how did you do it so well
3. I don’ t know________. Because he has to look after his mother.
A. why he is leaving B. why is he leaving
C. whether he is leaving D. whether is he leaving
4. — Could you tell me_____ yuanxiao in China — Usually at Lantern Festival.
A. when do people eat B. how do people eat
C. when people eat D. how people eat
5. — Do you know _____ — For a month.
A. how long will she be away B. how long she will be away
C. how often will she go there D. how often she will go there
6. Mr. Jackson hasn’t decided this weekend.
A. where he will have a picnic B. where will he have a picnic
C. where he had a picnic D. where did he have a picnic
7. — Please tell me______. — At ten o’clock
A. where you have your English lesson
B. where do you have your English lesson
C. what time you have your English lesson
D. what time do you have your English lesson
8. — Could you tell me _____ for the fruit — By paying over the Internet.
A. how much will I pay B. how much I will pay
C. how will I pay D. how I will pay
9. — Do you know ______ to see the Beijing Opera
— Yes, you can go to Mei Lanfang Theatre.
where can we go B. where we can go
C. where shall we go D. when we shall go
10.----Could you tell me ________ “the Father of Rice”
----Because he helped many countries grow more rice.
A．when was Yuan Longping called B．why is Yuan Longping called
C．when Yuan Longping was called D．why Yuan Longping is called
考点支撑。
根据引导词的不同，宾语从句可分为三类:that引导的宾语从句，whether/if引导的宾语从句和（特殊）疑问词引导的宾语从句。在宾语从句的使用中有以下三点需要注意:
1.宾语从句中引导词的选择
宾语从句的引导词包括that, whether, if和（特殊）疑问词。其中that, whether和if从句中 任何成分，如下面例句(1)和例句(2)中的that, whether和if。而疑问词在从句中充当成分，如例句(3)中引导词作从句中的状语。
(1)I hear he has passed the exam.我听说他通过了考试。
(2) I wonder he has passed the exam.我想知道他通过考试了没有。
(3) I asked he passed the exam.我问他何时通过了考试。
宾语从句中的引导词that只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也没有词汇意义，在口语中常被 ，如例句(1)中的that.
在疑问词引导的从句中，应根据从句的意思决定用什么引导词。
She asked me he came back home every evening.她问我他每晚什么时候回家。
Can you tell me he got back home 你能告诉我他怎么回家的吗
I don' know he came back home.我不知道他为什么回家了。
以上三个句子的从句都在表述同一事件——“他回家”，但根据句子的语义选择了不同的引导词。
2.宾语从句中的时态
一般情况下，如果主句谓语动词的时态为现在时或 时，宾语从句中的谓语动词可根据句意的需要使用 时态，如果主句的谓语动词为过去时态，宾语从句中的谓语动词使用相应的 时态。试比较下面的几个句子:
I don't know where we will go for the holiday.我不知道我们要去哪里度假。
He asked where we would go for the holiday.他问我们要去哪里度假。
I always think they're for people whose English is already quite good.我一直以为这些俱乐部是为那些英语已经说得很好的人开办的。
I always thought they were for people whose English is already quite good.我原来一直以为这些俱乐部是为那些英语已经说得很好的人开办的。
注意：如果宾语从句中叙述的是真理、实际情况或经常发生的事情时，即使主句的谓语动词为过去时态，从句的谓语动词仍要保留 时。例如:
In the past, people didn't know that the earth moves around the sun.过去人们不知道地球围绕太阳转。
I didn’t know you like classical music. 我过去不知道你喜欢古典音乐。
3.宾语从句的语序
不管整个句子是表示肯定还是表示疑问，宾语从句都采用 语序。例如:
Can you tell me where I can get my car repaired 你能告诉我到哪里修车吗
I don't know when I can get the result of the test.我不知道什么时候能得知测验结果。
注意：1.宾语从句的主句“ ”、从句“ ”和引导词
①I don't know when I can get the result of the test.
②I didn’t know you like classical music.
③I want to know if he will be late for school.
陈述语序。
一般情况下，像陈述句中主语在谓语动词之前的情况被称为陈述语序，相对于一般疑问句或者特殊疑问句中疑问词（助动词）出现在了主语之前的情况被称为疑问语序。写出下列句子的陈述语序结构：
What happened？----------
what's happening？----------
What’s the matter ----------
What’s wrong with you ----------
Who lives in Ukraine ----------
When did he leave Russia ----------
What do you say ----------
Where did Richard go yesterday ----------
Where is my shoe ----------
What did you buy ----------
Where has he gone ----------
What are you doing now ----------

M8 that引导的宾语从句
我们已经学习了简单句的几种基本句型，其中有一种句型是“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构。我们知道，名词、代词、动词的-ing形式或to do形式都可以作宾语，例如buy book, beat him, stop doing sth., want to do sth.等。这些例子中的宾语是用一个单词或短语来表达的。
但是，当要用英语表达“我知道你昨天去看电影了”时，我们就无法在know后用一个单词表达出“你昨天去看电影了”这个意思。“你昨天去看电影了”这个结构中包含行为本身、行为的发出者和行为的承受者，是一个完整的句子，因此只能用句子表达。这种放在 后面作宾语的 ，我们称为“宾语从句”。
宾语从句可以分为三类:一类是 引导的宾语从句，一类是 /if引导的宾语从句; 还有一类是 引导的宾语从句。
当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望”“相信”“知道”或“说”时，其后面的句子一般用 引导。that 任何词汇意义，只具有语法功能，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是作前面动词的宾语的，多数情况下that可以 。例如:
I hope (that) it will snow this winter.我希望今年冬天会下雪。
I believe (that) we shall become good friends.我相信我们会成为好朋友。
Betty thinks (that) trees can improve the air.贝蒂认为树可以改善空气质量。
注意：
1:并非所有的动词后面都可接that引导的宾语从句。常接that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词有:believe, expect,explain , feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warm, wish等。
形成宾语从句的几种情况：
(1)作动词的宾语 例如： I heard that be joined the army.
She told me that she would accept my invitation.
(2)作介词的宾语 例如：
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.
(3) 作形容词的宾语 例如：I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.
It 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。 例如： We heard it that she would get married next month..
简单句的几种基本句型中，除了“主语+谓语+宾语”的结构中宾语可以用从句来代替构成宾语从句外，还有“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”的结构中 宾语也可以用从句代替来构成宾语从句。
M9 whether/if 及疑问词引导的宾语从句
一、宾语从句引导词
1.whether/if引导的宾语从句
如果我们要表达像“他不知道他们周六是否会去植树”或“我记不清以前是否见过他”这 样的 的概念时，从句就要用whether或if来引导，不能用that。例如:
He does not know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not.他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。
He asks whether/if we will go fishing on Sunday.他问周日我们是否会去钓鱼。
Tom wants to know whether/if he needs to come early tomorrow.汤姆想知道明天他是否有必要早来。
如何选择引导词whether/if:
在宾语从句后面没有or/not的情况下，一般来说两个词都可以用。如果从句后面还有or not的话，一般就要选择 ，构成 ...or not的结构。
2.疑问词引导的宾语从句
有的宾语从句既不用that引导，也不用whether或if引导，而是用when, where, how或why等疑问词引导，这是从句意思表达的需要。例如要表达“他问什么时间出发”时，句中的“什么时间”必须用一个疑问词才能表达。如果遇到“什么时间、什么地点、什么方式、什么原因”之类的疑问时，我们就要使用相应的疑问词来引导从句。
但是同学们一定要注意，在疑问词引导的宾语从句中，一定要用 语序。例如:
He asks we can help protect the environment.他问我们怎样才能为保护环境出力。
I do not understand they like computer games so much.我不理解他们为什么如此喜欢电脑游戏。
They have not decided they should go for the holiday.他们还没有决定到什么地方去度假。
Do you know we will hold the sports meeting 你知道我们什么时候开运动会吗
注意：
.that引导的宾语从句表达的是确定的概念（陈述句）：
I believe (that) we shall become good friends.我相信我们会成为好朋友。
注意主句I believe 是我相信，表达的是确定的概念。
.if/whether引导的宾语从句表达的是不确定的概念（一般疑问句）：
Tom wants to know whether/if he needs to come early tomorrow.汤姆想知道明天他是否有必要早来。
注意主句Tom wants to know是想知道，表达的是不确定的概念。
.疑问词引导的宾语从句表达的是疑问的概念（特殊疑问句）：
They have not decided where they should go for the holiday.他们还没有决定到什么地方去度假。
注意从句表达的是“去哪里”的疑问的概念。
将下列句子合并成一个宾语从句。
1.Does her aunt live in Paris (I’m not sure)
Where does Doctor Lu live (Do you know)
What did he lose at the railway station (Would you tell me)
4 Why is the cinema closed (I wonder)
5 When did the accident happen (Please go and find out)
6 He says.The bank is across from the post office.
7 He asks.Does Tom like soccer
8 She asked.Can they swim or not
M10 宾语从句的时态问题
一、宾语从句时态总结。
(1)主句是现在时态或将来时态，从句 时态；
主句是过去时态，从句 时态；
当宾语从句表示一个客观真理或者事实真理时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用 时态。
初中阶段常见的六种时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，那么属于过去时态的有： 属于现在时态的有：
。
宾语从句的合成。
The sun is bigger than the earth.Our teacher said
2.He is a good student.I'm sure.
3.She wants to buy a watch.He said.
4.Will they go to the zoo I wanted to know.
5.Where is Tom working .He asked.
Shall I go there He asked me.
Will you go there He asked me.
Will she go there too He asked me.
Is he going to the shop I want to know.
When does he get up Do you know
三、模拟训练。
1.----Could I ask you've mentioned this to your friend -----Yes, but she refused to listen.
A. that B. when C. where D. if
2.I don't know .
A.who is the girl B. who was the girl
C, who the girl is D. who the girl was
3.The winter holiday is coming. Do you know during the holiday
A. what will Tom do B,.what did Tom do
C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did
4.I didn't know they could pass the exam or not.
A. that B. what C. whether D. why
5.----I wonder in Guangzhou in two hours.
----Of course. The high speed train is very fast.
A. when I can arrive B. when can I arrive
C. whether can I arrive D. whether I can arrive
6.----I'd like to buy a new jacket, but I don't know . -----How about this one
A. how can I get it B.where I can get it
C.which should I choose D. which I should choose
7.-----Could you tell me for the meeting yesterday
-----Because the traffic was bad.
A. why did you come late B. why you came late
C. why do you come late D.why you come late
8.----Could you tell me now
----Her mother says she is much better.
A. how Kate is B. where is Kate
C. what Kate is D. who is Kate
9.----I don't know .
-----Because he has to look after his mother.
why he is leaving B.why is he leaving C. whether he is leaving D.whether is he leaving
10.Do you know yesterday I want to know the reason.
A. why did he leave B.how he left
C.why he left D.how did he leave
11.In the letter you asked me in Britain. It was fantastic.
A. what's the weather like B. where did I live C.how my travel was D. when I will work
12.Can you guess the new schoolbag yesterday
A. how much did he pay for B. how much he spent
C. how much he paid for D. how much did he spend
13.----I want to know he went yesterday. -----He went to his friend's home.
A. where B. why C.when D. what
14.-----Do you know .I'm going to visit him. -----Sorry, I don't know.
A. where does Mr Li live B. where did Mr Li live
C. where Mr Li lives D. where Mr Li lived
15.-----Could you please tell me the pretty dress
-----She bought it online, I think.
A. where Mary bought B. if Mary liked
C. when Mary bought D. how much Mary paid for
16.The teacher told us .
A. when will the English class begin
B.if she can come to the party
C. the students were having a listening exam
D. where could we find the lost things
17.-----Just tell me . -----I had eggs and some milk.
A. what you had for breakfast B. what did you have for breakfast
C. when you had breakfast D. when did you have breakfast
18.----Can you tell me the prize -----Last year.
A. when you got B. when did you get
C. how you got D. how did you get
19.In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper Harry Potter an interesting book.
A. whether;are B. how;is C.that; was D.if; was
20.He wants to know Tony has written a new song for the concert or not.
A, what B, when C. whether D.that
21.I don't remember my schoolbag yesterday.
A.where I put B. where did I put
C. where will I put D. where I will put
22.Our teacher asks us the earth goes around the sun.
A.that B. if C. what D. which
23.----Can you tell me -----At 8 o'clock last night.
A. when does the ship leave B. when the ship leaves
C.when did the ship leave D. when the ship left
24.They wondered .
A. that he was from Japan B. where does he come from
C.if he was from Japan D. who did come from Japan
25.----The policeman asked the little girl and sent her home
A.why she was crying B. why was she crying
C. why she is crying D. why is she crying
26.—Tomorrow is Mother's Day, I don't know _______.
—A nice watch Maybe she likes it.
A．what can I do for my mother B．what I will get for my mother
C．where I went with my mother D．where will I go with my mother
27.——Can you tell me __________ the prize ——Last year.
A．when you got B．when did you get
C．how you got D．how did you get
28．—Hi, Tony! Do you know —Yes, there is a coffee shop at the corner of the street.
A．when I can a cup of coffee B．when can I get a cup of coffee
C．where I can get a cup of coffee D．where can I get a cup of coffee
29.— Do you know
— Yes, of course. It will be hosted by Beijing and Zhangjiakou.
A．how will be the 2022 Winter Olympics B．when the next Winter Olympics will be held
C．where will the next Winter Olympics be held D．which city will host the 2022 Winter Olympics
30.---Could you please tell me ________ “The Reader”，a TV programmer hosted by Dong Qing？
--- Because it is fun and teaches us a lot of knowledge.
A．how do people like B．how people liked
C．why do many people like D．why many people like