2022年中考英语复习-宾语从句及练习（无答案）

宾语从句
核心提示：宾语从句是主从复合句中最常见的从句之一。 它作及物动词、介词或者某些形容词的宾语，涉及到引导词、语序、时态等多方面的内容。
一.宾语从句的定义
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid, sure, glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。
二.宾语从句中引导词的用法
在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：
连词：that (that常可省略), whether, if
代词：who, whom, whose, what ,which
副词：when, where, how, why 等。
1. 语序
　　宾语从句必须采用陈述语序。何为陈述语序？它是和疑问语序相对的，见下面对比：
　　（1）Do you like English
　　其基本结构为：助动词+主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他？
在“（Tom asked me）if/whether I liked English. ”中，相对应的从句语序为：
引导词+主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他
　　（2）How will you go to Beijing
　　其基本结构为：疑问词+助动词+主语+谓语动词+宾语+其他
在“（Tom asked me）how I would go to Beijing. ”中，相对应的从句语序为：
引导词+主语+助动词+谓语动词+宾语+其他
可以看出，疑问语序中，助动词要放在主语之前，而在陈述语序中，有时没有助动词，如果有的话要放在主语之后。
(3)宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
E.g.:
1. I don’t know what they are looking for.
2. Could you tell me when the train will leave
3. Can you imagine what kind of man he is
4. Could you tell me where the nearest bathroom is
2. 宾语从句的时态
(1) 当主句时态为一般现在时、现在进行时或一般将来时等“现在时范畴”的时态时，宾语从句的时态根据需要来用，不受主句影响。
　　I want to know what time he got up this morning.
　　He will tell us that he has been able to look after himself.
　　They are saying whether they really like the city.
　　(2) 当主句时态为一般过去时时，宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。
　　Kate said there was a box under the desk.
　　They asked what Tom was doing then.
　　She wanted to know whether the train had gone.
　　(3) 当宾语从句表述的是一个客观真理、自然现象或者谚语时，其时态不受主句时态的影响。
　　Tom asked whether light travels faster than sound.
　　Tom said that no news is good news.
　　在做关于宾语从句的题目时，考生可以从时态入手直接排除两个干扰项；也可以从语序入手直接排除疑问语序的两个干扰项，再从时态着手排除第三个干扰项。例如以下两题：
　　1. —Could you tell me 　　　　
　　—Just go straight. It’s on your right.
　　A. where the post office is B. where is the post office
　　C. where the post office was D. where was the post office
　　解析：本题主要考查宾语从句的语序和时态。我们可以从语序或者时态入手。从时态的角度来说，虽然主句could you tell me的情态动词是could，但是could在此只是为了表达更加委婉的语气，和一般过去时无关，而且从语意上讲，很显然问话人想知道现在邮局在哪儿，故排除C、D两项，在A、B两项中选择；再从语序来看，宾语从句应该用陈述语序，符合的选项为A，故本题的正确答案为A。
　　2. —Do you know 　　　　 the Capital Museum
　　—Next Monday.
　　A. when they will visit B. when will they visit
　　C. when did they visit D. when they visited
解析：和上题一样，本题主要考查宾语从句的语序和时态。我们可以从语序或者时态入手。从语序方面来说，只有A、D两项正确，排除B、C两项；由时态标志词next Monday可以看出正确答案为A。
【即学即用】
(1) Did you find out ______
A. she was looking for whose child B. whose child was she looking for
C. whose child she is looking for D. whose child she was looking for
(2) Are you interested in _____
A. how did he do it B. he did it how
C. how he did it D. he how did it
(3) I don’t know _____. Can you tell me
A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players
C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are
(4) --- What did the scientist say
--- He said he wondered if _____ into space by spaceship one day.
A. he had to fly B. he could fly C. can he fly D. could he fly
(5) Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ____
A. Where the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bank
C. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where
(6) She asked Tom ________ with his car
A. what the matter was B. what the matter is
C. what was the matter D. what is the matter
3. that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）
可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：
say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。
例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.
注意事项：①主句的主语是第一人称， ②主句是一般现在时，③主句的谓语动词是think, consider, believe, suppose, expect 等表示心理活动的词，(三个条件必需同时满足)，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。
例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.
I don’t believe he will keep his word.
【名师点睛】
在以下情况中that不能省略
1).当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。
例句：
He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.
2). 当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。
例句：
Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat.
We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.
3). 当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。
例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.
He told me that he was leaving for Japan.
4). 一些动词(find,feel,consider,make,believe,think)等后面有宾语补足语的时候则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置, 此时that也不能省略。
例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.
We think it highly probable that he has settled down in America.
4. 由whether,if 引导的宾语从句
由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。
例句：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.
【名师点睛】
只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句
1.在带to的不定式前
例句：We decided whether to walk there.
2.在介词的后面
例句：I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.
3.在特殊动词后面的宾语从句时
例句：We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week.
4.直接与or not连用时
例句：I can’t say whether they can come on time or not.
5. whether置于句首时，不能换用if。
例句：Whether this is true or not, I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来。
6. 若用if 会引起歧义时，则用 whether。
例句：Please let me know if you like the book．
只能用if不能用whether的情况
1.if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”
例句：The students will go swimming if it is sunny.
2.引导状语从句even if（即使）和as if（好象）时
例句：He talks as if he has known all about it.
【即学即用】
(1) I don’t know ___________or not.
A. whether he is at home B. if he is at home
C. that he is at home D. whether is he at home
(2) This depends on _________ the weather is fine.
A. which B. whether C. if D. that
(3) The teacher asked the new student ________ class he was in.
A. which B. where C. if D. that
(4) I don’t know ________ Mr. Green will come to see us. He’ll help us with our English.
A. why B. when C. how D. where
(5) --- Be careful! Don’t break the bottles. Do you hear ______ I said David
--- Yes, Mum
A. what B. that C. why D. if
(6) --- Do you know _______ Mr Black’s address is
--- He may live at NO.18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. I’m not sure of ______.
A. where, which B. where, what
C. what,which D. what, where
介词+宾语从句
名词性从句可以作为介词的宾语
从句的引导词多为whether或者特殊疑问词
Tom would tell me nothing about what he was writing.
We are talking about whether we go to a picnic.
【名师点睛】：
1). 介词+that从句中，that不能省略
Your composition is quite good except that the organization is a bit loose.
Besides that he explained the theory he gave us some examples.
The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.
I could not have believed it but that I saw it with my own eyes. (but that 要不是，若非)
2). 表示情感的adj + that 从句，that也不能省略
I’m sure that our team will win.
I’m sorry that I was late again.
常见的可以接宾从的形容词: sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, surprised, sorry.
6. 宾语从句中的反意疑问句
I). 若反意疑问句的陈述部分为I/we think（believe，suppose，consider）＋that从句时，问句部分的助动词和主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。
eg.1. I think that he has done his best, hasn't he
2. We think that English is very useful, isn't it
3. I don't think that you can do it, can you
4. We don't believe that the news is true, is it
II). 反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语＋think (believe，suppose，consider)+that从句时，问句部分的助动词和主语与陈述部分的助动词和主语保持一致。
eg.1. They all think that English is very useful, don't they
2. He didn't think that the news is true, did he
三.宾语从句的特点 （主现从随便,主过从必过,真理永一现）
1.宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
2.宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
3.连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成份，多数情况下可以省略。
4.whether和if 都可引导宾语从句，但 whether后可紧跟or not；whether从句可作介词的宾语。
5.如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it.
链接高考
1．— What did you parents think about your decision （ 06 全国Ⅱ）
—They always let me do ________ I think I should．
A．when B．that C．how D．what
2. Please remind me ____ he said he was going．I may be in time to see him off．(06全国Ⅰ)
A．where B．when C．how D．what
3 . Mary wrote an article on ________ the team had failed to win the game．(05全国卷)
A．why B. what C．who D．that
4．Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see________ ．(2000上海)
A．who is he B. who he is C． who is it D. who it is
--We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time. (NMET 1990)
--What do you consider _______to her
A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. Happening
【过手训练】?
1. Please tell me ___. I have some good news for him.
A. where Robert lives B. where does Robert live
C. where Robert lived D. where did Robert live
2. We don’t know ____. It is said that he was born in Canada.?
A. what he is B. when he was born
C. where he comes from D. if he lives here
3. —May I come in I’m sorry I am late.
—Come in, please. But could you please tell me ______
A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then
C. who you talked with D. how do you came to school
4. Could you tell me________
A. When will Mary come back B. When Mary comes back
C. When Mary will come back C. When does Mary come back
5.—What did you say just now —I asked _______.
A. that I could open the door B. could I open the door
C. how could I open the door D. how I could open the door
6.—Do you know ________, Mike —On May 12th,2008
A. when the earthquake took place in Wen Chuan
B. when did the earthquake take place in Wen Chuan
C. when the earthquake will take place in Wen Chuan
D. when will earthquake take place in Wen Chuan
7. Can you make sure __ Sorry, I can’t. But I did see her just now.
A. where did she go B. where she had gone
C. where she has gone D. where will she go
8. What did your parrot say, Bill -- It asked us ______.
A. what was the weather like B. what the weather was like
C. what does the weather like D. what did the weather like
9. I wanted to know _________.
A. what did he say B. why does she go to bed late
C. why she went to bed late D. why she goes to bed late
10. He is not sure _______ to watch TV or go to bed.
A. if B. whether C. that D. /
11. Mike is thinking about ___his parents will see him today.
A. if B. whether C. that D. /
12. I don’t know _______ he will come or not.
A. if B. whether C. that D. /
13. Could you tell me ___________ it.
A. what can I do B. how can I do C. what to do D. how to do
14.Could you please tell me ___ It’s next to the post office.
A. where the supermarket is B. where is the supermarket
C. where was the supermarket D. where the supermarket was
二?用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The radio says it _________ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2.The headmaster hopes everything ____________ well. (go)
3.Tom says that they ________(play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.
4.I hear they __________(return) it already.
5.He said that they _____ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
6.He asked what they __________ at eight last night. (do)
7.The teacher told his class that light _____________ faster than sound. (travel)
8.I think you __________ about the relay race now. (talk)
9.I didn’t know whom the letters _________ from. (be)
10. I didn’t know what time he _____________ the letter. (write)
11. Miss Wang told me that the earth ____________(move) round the earth.
12. Could you tell me who _______________ away the book already (take)
13. Ling Feng told me he _______________ to Beijing several times. (be)
14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _____________ in the east. (rise)
15. Can you tell me what they ____________ yesterday (do)
三?将下列句子合并为一句:
1. Where do they stop on the way I asked.
2. What will you speak at the meeting Could you tell me
3. Do they like to make friends with us He asked.
4. “I am doing my homework.” He said.
5. “I will come back.” Tom said.
四?句型转换
1. I think this is a good idea.?(改为否定句) ?
I _______ ________ this ________ a good idea.
2. Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.?(改为复合句) ?
Lucy hasn't decided _______ _______ _____ _____ buy.
3. I don't know how I can get to the hospital.?(改为简单句)
I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital.
4. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China Could you tell us ?(改写句子)?
Could you tell us _______ Mr. Brown ________living in China
5. "Does the girl need any help ” he asked me.?(变为复合句) ?
He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help?
6. When does the train leave I want to know.?(改为宾语从句) ?
I want to know _________ the train _________.
7. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用not until改写)
They __________go home _____________ they had finished their homework?
8. Did Peter come here yesterday Li Lei wants to know. (改为宾语从句)
Li Lei wants to know _____________Peter ___________ here yesterday.
五、宾语从句中引导词的用法
一.1.陈述句?由_______引导。 在句中无词汇意义?在从句中不能充当成分?在口语和非正式用语中往往可以_______。
2.由一般疑问句演变而来的宾语从句?由___________引导?意思是“______”。宾语从句要用_______语序。
3.由特殊疑问句演变而来的宾语从句?由______引导。宾语从句要用______语序。
二、宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是__________.即?连接词+_______+_______+其他成分
三、宾语从句的时态
1、主句是一般现在时?从句根据实际情况使用__________.
2、主句是过去时态?从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
3、当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时?不管主句用任何失态?从句用______________。
【巩固提升】
1. 【2019 江苏省无锡市】You’ve no idea ____________ to build a new airport. Let me tell you, young man. That’s billions of dollars!
A. how much it will cost. B. how long it will take us
C. how much will it cost D. how long will it take us
2. 【2019 江苏省镇江市】—Do you believe that humans could live on Mars
—I don’t think ____________.
A. if it comes true B. that it will come true
C. why it will come true D. how does it come true
3. 【2019 云南省昆明市】 In order to take a pleasant trip to Kunming, Dave emailed me to ask ____________ .
A. what was Kunming most famous for
B. what Kunming was most famous for
C. whether is summer a good time to come
D. whether summer is a good time to come
4.【2019 四川省遂宁市】 Could you tell me ____________
A. when will they leave Beijing
B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing
D. when they would leave Beijing
5. 【2019 四川省达州市】—Linda, could you remember __________
—Have you forgotten we agreed to go to Hongkong
A. where are we going after exam
B. where we are going after the exam
C. where are we going to after the exam
D. where we are going to after the exam
6. 【2019 青海省中考】—I don’ t know __________ we will go.
—Why not？ We will go to the beach for a picnic.
A. Where B. When C. how
7. 【2019 内蒙古呼和浩特市】She was so angry at __________ he was doing __________ she walked out without a word.
A. what; that B. that; what C. what; what D. that; that
8. 【2019 湖南省湘潭市】—Can you tell me __________ on Father’s Day
—Guess what Well I wrote a poem for my dad.
A. when did you shop B. where you go
C. what you did
9. 【2019 湖南省邵阳市】—Could you please tell me __________ mooncakes traditionally in China, Li Hua
—During the Mid-autumn Festival.
A. when people ate B. when people eat
C. when do people eat
10. 【2019 海南省中考】—Sandy, do you know __________
—Yes, some news about black holes.
A. what Tom is searching for
B. what is Tom searching for
C. who Tom is searching for
1. （湖南省长沙市2017—2018师大附中教育集团九年级下英语第二次联考）—Could you please tell me _____________
—Let me see. In twenty minutes.
A. how often you go to your grandpa’s house
B. how soon the meeting will begin
C. how long it takes from your home to school
2.（湖南省醴陵市青云学校2017届九年级上学期期中）—Excuse me. Do you know _____________ I can buy some medicine
—Sure. There is a supermarket down the street.
A. when B. where C. what
3. （安徽省蚌埠市固镇县第三中学2018届九年级上学期第一次月考）—Do you know _____________ the 2020 Summer Olympic Games will be held
—Yes. In Tokyo, Japan.
A. when B. how C. why D. where
4.（安徽省亳州市利辛县2018届九年级10月月考）—Could you please tell me _____________ get to Chaohu East Station
—You can ride a bike.
A. when we can B. how we can
C. when can we D. how can we
5.（江苏省南京市2017年中考模拟）—Excuse me, could you tell me _____________
—There’s an e-shop on the third floor. You can make it there.
A. how to arrive the e-shop B. how can I go to the e-shop
C. where I can have my MP4 repaired D. which was the way to the e-shop
6.（辽宁省鞍山市第二十中学2017届中考模拟）—Can you make sure _____________
—Sorry, I can’t.
A. when will she arrive
B. whether she will join us or not
C. why she would speak in the meeting
D. where can she have a discussion with me
7. （江苏省南京市高淳区武家嘴实验中学2016-2017学年九年级3月月考）—The light in his room is still on. Do you know _____________
—To prepare for the coming exam, I think.
A. if he works hard B. why he stays up so late
C. why is he so busy D. when he will stop working
8. —Lucy, I hear the new TV tower is fantastic. Do you know _____________
—Sure! Take the No.8 bus, and you’ll find it.
A. how far it is B. where is it
C. how I can get there D. which bus should I take
9.（江苏省泰兴市实验初级中学2017届九年级下学期3月月考）I’m new here. Could you tell me _____________
A. when did Amy leave here B. how long Millie has been married
C. whether the earth was round or not D. how old is Mr. Wu
1. Nobody knows ________ to visit our school.
A. when will he come B. when does he come
C. when he will come D. when he does come
2. You should stick to ________ you have begun.
A. whenever B. no matter what C. since D. whatever
3. You have spent too much time playing computer games. That’s ________ your eyes hurt.
A. why B. how C. what D. when
4. The teacher asked us ________.
A. when did I finish my work
B. why didn’t we tell him about it earlier
C. what we were interested in
D. where we are going to have our lunch
5. —Jack, could you tell me ________
—Sure. In the post office on Green Road.
A. where you bought the stamps B. where did you buy the stamps
C. when you bought the stamps D. when did you buy the stamps
6. —I’m sorry I’m late.
—Could you tell me ________
A. why you are late again B. why are you late again
C. what were you doing D. who did you talk with
7. This article explains ________.
A. what can colors do B. what will colors do
C. how colors will do D. what colors can do
8. His words remind me ________ we did together during the past holiday.
A. that B. of that
C. of what D. what
9. —Could you tell me ________
—My life is not what it used to be.
A. what you think of yourself
B. how you like your present life
C. what your life is like after you became famous
10. —Could you tell me ________ you did it so well
—With my parents’ help.
who B. how C. when D. what
1. （江苏省徐州市部分学校2017届九年级二模联考）—The project is so difficult for your cousin.
—Yes, I am wondering ___________.
A. that he will finish it on time. B. how could I help him out
C. whether he can finish it by himself D. if can I do anything for him
2. I don’t know ___________ he still lives here after so many years.
A. where B. whether C. what D. when
3. —What did the woman ask just now
—She asked ___________.
A. who was I waiting for B. how she can get to the post office
C. where I live D. whether I could help her find the post office
4. I wonder ___________ people could grow plants on Mars.
A. if B. that C. which D. whose
5. I don’t know _____________ he has time to help us. Let’s ask him.
A. that B. whether C. how D. what
6. —Can we visit Hong Kong this summer holiday
—I wonder ___________ it is the best time to go there.
A. if B. when C. what D. how
7. —I don’t know ___________ or not.
—Neither do I. You may ask his teacher.
A. whether he is at school B. if is he at school
C. that he is at school D. whether is he at school
8. Susan isn’t sure ___________ her parents will allow her to get a part-time job.
A. that B. how C. what D. whether
Where there is a will, there is a way!