(共8张PPT)
B2U5
Using language
-ing (gerund) as attributive
What are the functions of v-ing in the following two sentences
a. ... there were over 200,000 people reading my blog!
b. I love to photograph the rising sun, …
Activity 1
1. In sentence (a), who read the blog
2. In sentence (b), what is rising
3. When do we put the -ing form before the noun it modifies and when do we put it after
Over 200,000 people read the blog.
The sun is rising.
one single -ing form vs. the -ing form plus other words
-ing as attributive
What are the functions of v-ing in the following two sentences
attributive clauses
a. ... there were over 200,000 people reading my blog!
b. I love to photograph the rising sun, …
Activity 1
c. ... there were over 200,000 people who read my blog!
d. I love to photograph the sun that is rising, …
Why does the author choose to use sentences (a) and (b) in the reading passage
Because the sentences using the -ing form as attributive are more concise.
attributive clauses
v-ing as attributive
① 单个现在分词作定语，一般置于被修饰的名词之前，常表示正在进行的动作。
eg. 漏水的管道
leaking pipes
② 若被修饰的代词为 those, something, everything, nothing等，则现在分词要放在其后。
eg. 他正在读有趣的内容。
He is reading something interesting.
v-ing as attributive
③ 现在分词短语作定语，置于被修饰的名词之后。
eg. 如果你看见戴着天蓝色头盔的士兵，他们就是联合国维和人员。
If you see soldiers wearing sky-blue helmets, they are UN peacekeepers.
④ 当现在分词或现在分词短语位于被修饰的名词之后时，往往可用定语从句替代。
eg. Peter 收到一封信，信里说他祖母很快要来看他。
Peter received a letter saying his grandma would come to see him soon.
= Peter received a letter which / that said his grandma would come to see him soon.
-ing
Rewrite the underlined words using the
-ing form.
Activity 2
The Bernina Express follows a route running from Eastern Switzerland to Northern Italy. People travelling aboard the Bernina Express have the chance to see incredible views. The landscape lining the route is beautiful and dramatic, with snowy mountains and green valleys.
-ing
Rewrite the underlined words using the
-ing form.
Activity 2
There is no doubt that the Bernina Express is a journey for travellers wanting to get back to nature: the train window becomes the TV screen, and the natural world is the show.
-ing
Rewrite the advertisement using the -ing form to make it more compact and coherent.
Are you one of those people who work around the clock Are you getting “itchy feet” Take a look at our new offer: a once-in-a-lifetime adventure to the beautiful islands of Hawaii!
Go on a boat trip to see whales that jump out of the water and hear the song of dolphins that sing. Watch surfers who catch the waves — and maybe even give it a go yourself!
Put on your hiking boots and explore islands with waterfalls and active volcanoes. And at the end of the day, you won’t want to miss the view of the sun that is setting on the sea!
Activity 3
working
jumping
singing dolphins
catching
setting
using or filling only a small amount of space
logical and well organized; easy to understand and clear(共11张PPT)
BXUX
Using language
Grammar — -ing as adverbial
Read the passage “When HAMLET meets PEKING OPERA” and look for the sentences with -ing as adverbial.
Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times, I was full of confidence – until the Peking Opera came to town.
= Since I had seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and …, I was full of confidence…
2. Dating back to the 18th century, Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.
= Because Peking Opera dates back to the …, Peking…
Grammar — -ing as adverbial
Read the passage “When HAMLET meets PEKING OPERA” and look for the sentences with -ing as adverbial.
3. Starting with an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments, the opera brought a completely new sound to my Western ears.
= When/ Because it started with an orchestra playing…, the opera…
4. Then, seeing the main characters come on stage, I was surprised!
= Then, when I saw the main characters come on stage, I was surprised!
Grammar — -ing as adverbial
Read the passage “When HAMLET meets PEKING OPERA” and look for the sentences with -ing as adverbial.
5. Using such techniques, the opera had transformed a small stage into the whole universe.
= Because it used such techniques, the opera..
6. Feeling the strong emotions of love, anger, fear and grief in it, I could easily recognize the theme of Hamlet.
= When I felt the strong emotions of love, …
Forms Logical subject (逻辑主语) Time order Function
_______
__________ (not) doing
(not) having done
The Rules of -ing as Adverbial
先发生
reason
句子主语
They can be used as adverbials of _____.
result
...
time
Grammar — -ing as adverbial
同时发生
________for a bus at the bus stop, he had a long talk with her. (wait)
2. _________________ many times, he finally could understand it. (tell)
3. ________ on the street alone on a rainy night, she felt scared. (walk)
4. ____________in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
Waiting
Having waited
Walking
【归纳】
与主语表现为主动关系, 用doing;
强调动作先后顺序时候, 用having done
Having been told
Grammar — -ing as adverbial
Multiple choices.
While striving to keep the economy growing, ________.
A. measures must be taken to save energy and cut pollution in China
B. China will do more to save energy and cut pollution in 2007
C. Monday's annual report indicates steps must be taken to save energy and cut pollution
It rained heavily, __________ great damage. (cause)
The storm came, __________ great damage. (cause)
The storm left, ___________ great damage. (cause)
When we visited my old family home, memory came ________(flood) back.
Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, __________ (send) supplies to Yushu after the earthquake.
The Nobel Physics Prize was announced, ________ (honor) three scientists for two discoveries that have greatly changed modern life.
causing
causing
having caused
flooding
sending
honoring
Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ___________(help) reduce unemployment pressures.
to help
Complete the journal entry with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
Today I performed in the school play. I did a good job! 1._________(see) all my family and friends in the audience applaud me, I 2._____(feel) so confident and grateful.
At first, I hadn’t realised how much work it would be. The teacher was very strict, 3.__________(make) me so nervous that I would forget my lines. I often stayed up late at night 4. ___________________________ (practise) my part.
5.________(feel) extremely discouraged, I almost gave up. But thanks to the support of my teacher, parents and friends, I overcame my fears, 6.__________(know) that I did the best I could.
It’s an unforgettable experience. No pain, no gain, as the saying goes.
Seeing
felt
making
to practise / practising
Feeling
knowing
Grammar — -ing as adverbial
Rewrite the paragraph using the -ing form.
1. Having thought ballet was more or less the same everywhere, I was totally unprepared for its unique beauty.
2. Borrowing a lot from Chinese dance and music, the ballet performance showed a clear Eastern influence.
3. The production was full of colors and romantic symbols, challenging my senses in new ways.
4. Enjoying it so much, I have changed my opinion about ballet.
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Grammar — -ing as adverbial
