中考英语语法复习系列之被动语态课件19张

(共19张PPT)
语法大讲堂
被动语态一
被动语态用法
1. 用法
He eats a hamburger every day.
A hamburger is eaten by him every day.
主动语态，动作 “吃”，由主语主动发出。
被动语态，主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
被动语态用法
被动语态常用于：
1.不清楚动作执行者
The bike was stolen.
2.强调动作承受者
The bike was stolen by the man.
被动语态结构
请观察例句：
Dinner is cooked by my mum every day.
每天晚餐都是由我妈妈做的。
The bridge was built a few years ago.
这座桥于几年前被建成。
被动结构：be +动词的过去分词
被动语态二
不同时态的被动结构
be +过去分词
例：
1.一般现在时
Dinner is cooked by my mum every day.
2.现在进行时
But dinner is being cooked by me now.
3.现在完成时
Dinner has been cooked by my mum since I was a kid.
被动结构---be + 过去分词，用于不同时态，有不同的结构。
(注意：该结构的动词为be, 因此不同时态下，只需要改变be的形式即可)
be (is/am/are)+ done
(is/am/are) being+ done
have/ has been+ done
不同时态的被动结构
be +过去分词
例：
1.一般过去时
Dinner was cooked by me yesterday.
2.过去进行时
Dinner was being cooked by me at 8 p.m last night.
3.过去完成时
Dinner had been cooked before my mum came home.
be (was/were)+ done
(was/were) being+ done
had been+ done
不同时态的被动结构
be +过去分词
例：
1.一般将来时
Dinner will be cooked by me tomorrow.
其他：含情态动词结构
Dinner must be cooked by me tonight.
will be+ done
(can/should/must...) be+ done
不同时态的被动结构
时态 被动语态 (be+ done)
一般现在时 am/is/are + done
现在进行时 am/is/are being + done
现在完成时 have/ has been + done
一般过去时 was/were + done
过去进行时 was / were being + done
过去完成时 had been+ done
一般将来时 will be + done
被动语态练习
一、把主动语态变被动语态
1.I have bought a new bicycle.
____________________________________________
2.The old man is watering flowers in the garden.
____________________________________________
3.The boy always plays the computer games at night.
____________________________________________
A new bicycle has been bought (by me).
The flowers are being watered by the old man in the garden.
The computer games are always played by the boy at night.
被动语态练习
二、选择题
1.This kind of books sells well. They_________ already.
A.sold out B.have sold out
C.are sold out D.have been sold out
2.The pizza _________ by my mother. Would you like to have some
A.makes B.was making C.made D.was made
The classroom must _________ every day.
A.be kept clean B.be kept cleaning
C.keep cleaned D.keeps clean
一定语态
二套结构
三看时态
重难点分析
重难点一
1.在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加上介词to。
例： The great news made her feel happy.
可改为：She was made to feel happy by the great news.
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.
可改为：A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
重难点二
2.有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
例： You shouldn’t laugh at David.
David shouldn’t be laughed at.
含介词的动词短语转化为被动语态时，
介词不可省
eg：take care of, look after, laugh at，listen to
重难点三
3.“动词+宾语+宾补 ”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例： Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.
可改为：The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
I saw a man fall into the lake.
可改为：A man was seen to fall into the lake.
重难点四
4.有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例： His mother gave him a present for his birthday.
可改为 ：He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
巩固练习
4.有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
例： His mother gave him a present for his birthday.
可改为 ：He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
谢谢观看！