Unit4 Stage and screen-Using language&writing考点精讲&典例示范
【写作指导--影评】
文体感知
影评就是观众在看完电影以后的所感所想。
从体裁上看，影评属于夹叙夹议的议论文。这种文体主要是以一般现在时介绍剧情内容并就自己感兴趣的地方发表观点。
影评要求评论者就影片特点进行评论，叙议结合，以分析、议论为主。
影评一般可分为三部分：
第一部分：简介背景。对电影名称、导演等作简单介绍。(此部分可以省略)
第二部分：简述情节。包括主演及影片内容概述。影片概述只需要叙述大概情节，最主要的是分析人物和情节，重点突出自己要评述的内容。
第三部分：发表评论。就影片中自己感兴趣和有价值的故事情节发表观点，可有选择性地就电影的结构、节奏、演员角色等方面展开评论，最后还可对电影进行总体评价。
增分佳句
1．...is a film directed by...
2．The film directed by...is a story about...
3．The story tells of..., who...
4．...plays the part of...in the film.
5．The film/story is based on/adapted from...
6．The latest film directed by...turned out to be a masterpiece.
7．This film is set in...
8．Judging from the wild clapping and cheers that filled the cinema, everybody agreed that it was indeed the best film of the year.
9．Even with these small problems, the film is still a great film, and I really enjoy it!
写作要求
《功夫熊猫3》的热映，又一次唤起了人们对该系列电影的兴趣。请根据该电影写一篇80词左右的影评。
写作要点：
1．故事背景：China’s Valley of Peace；
2．从一只普通熊猫被选为the Dragon Warrior到成为大师的过程；
3．发表自己的看法。
参考词汇：《功夫熊猫3》 Kung Fu Panda 3
审题谋篇
项目 结论
体裁 议论文
话题 电影评论
时态 一般现在时
人称 第一人称和第三人称
词句推敲
1．词汇
①讲述了……故事 tell__the__story__of...
②以……为背景 be__set__in
③会说话的动物 talking__animals
④偶然 by__accident
⑤自信 be__confident/believe__in__oneself
2．句式
①最后他意识到成为一名功夫大师的真谛是：如果我们自信，我们就能成功。
普通表达：
In the end, he realizes the truth to be a master of Kung Fu.That is, you will succeed if you believe in yourself.
高级表达：
In__the__end,__he__realizes__the__truth__to__be__a__master__of__Kung__
Fu__is__that__you__will__succeed__if__you__believe__in__yourself.(用表语从句改写)
②以China’s Valley of Peace为背景，那里没有人类，只生活着一群会说话的动物。
普通表达：
The film is set in and around China’s Valley of Peace, and there are no humans except a group of animals who can speak.
高级表达：
The__film__is__set__in__and__around__China’s__Valley__of__Peace,__where
there__are__no__humans,__only__talking__animals.(用定语从句和动名词作定语改写)
妙笔成篇
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Kung Fu Panda 3 tells a story about a fat, big panda that can perform martial arts. The film is set in and around China’s Valley of Peace, where there are no humans, only talking animals. At first, the panda works for his father in a noodle shop. At that time, he was only a common panda. By accident, he is chosen to be the Dragon Warrior. In the end, he realizes the truth to be a master of Kung Fu is that you will succeed if you believe in yourself.
Kung Fu Panda 3 is considered to be one of the greatest cartoon films. It is popular among teenagers, even the adults.
【语法精讲】
1．现在分词作状语时其形式的选择
形式 内在含义
doing 与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动作同时发生，或几乎同时发生
having done 与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生
◆Reading carefully, he found something he hadn’t known before.
仔细读时，他发现了一些他以前不知道的东西。
◆Having finished his homework, he went to bed.
完成作业后，他上床睡觉了。
[温馨提示]
现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语，并且逻辑主语与构成分词的动词为主谓关系。
2．现在分词作状语的语法功能
(1)作原因状语
◆Not knowing her address(＝As I don’t know her address), I had better telephone her to come over.
由于不知道她的地址，我还是打电话让她过来为好。
◆Respecting his father(＝Because he respected his father), he didn’t want to argue with him.
因为尊重他的父亲，所以他不想和他争论。
(2)作时间状语
◆When chatting with her(＝When I was chatting with her), I found she had a gift for art.
聊天时，我发现她很有艺术天赋。
◆When walking down(＝When I was walking down) the street, I came across David.
沿街散步时，我偶然遇到了大卫。
(3)作结果状语
◆Group activities were organized after class, building up children’s team spirit.
课后组织一些小组活动，以逐步增强孩子们的团队精神。
◆He comes home very late every evening, making his wife very angry(＝and it makes his wife very angry)．
他每天晚上回家都很晚，这使他妻子很生气。
(4)作条件状语
◆Going straight down the road(＝If you go straight down the road), you will find the canteen.
沿着这条路一直走，你就会找到食堂。
◆Working hard(＝If you work hard), you’ll surely succeed.
如果努力工作，你就一定会成功。
(5)现在分词作方式或伴随状语
◆He came running back to tell me the news.
他跑回来告诉我这个消息。
◆Morris lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time(＝and stared at the sky for a long time)．
莫里斯躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。
(6)作让步状语
◆Having tried many times(＝Though he had tried many times), he still couldn’t overcome his difficulties.
尽管尝试了多次，但他仍未克服困难。
◆Knowing where I live(＝Though he knows where I live), he never comes to see me.
尽管知道我住哪儿，但他从不来看我。
[温馨提示]
动词 ing形式作状语时，相当于与之对应的状语从句。当作伴随状语及结果状语时，可转化为并列谓语。
3．动词 ing形式作状语需注意的问题
(1)独立主格
动词 ing形式作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件等。
◆The girl staring at him, he didn’t know what to say.
姑娘盯着他看，他不知道说什么好。
◆Weather permitting, we will go out for an outing.
如果天气允许，我们会出去远足。
(2)评论性状语/悬垂分词
有些动词 ing形式作状语，在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，用来修饰主句，表明说话者的态度、观点等，被称为评论性状语或悬垂分词。常见的有generally/strictly/frankly speaking，judging from，considering, supposing, providing等。
◆Generally speaking, girls are more interested in literature than boys.
一般来说，女孩比男孩对文学更感兴趣。Unit4 Stage and screen-Developing ideas考点精讲&典例示范
【知识概括】
【阅读词汇】
□applaud v． □romantic adj. □comedy n． □documentary n．
□episode n． □plot n． □turkey n． □fictional adj.
【写作词汇】
1.grateful adj. 感谢的，感激的
2．awkward adj. 紧张的；不舒适的
3．normal adj. 正常的，平常的
4．extent n. 程度
5.escape v. (从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃离，逃避，摆脱
6．overcome v. 控制(感情)，克服(困难)
7．brief adj. 短暂的
【拓展词汇】
1．absolutely adv.完全地，绝对地→absolute adj.绝对的；完全的；确实的
2．absorbed__adj.专心致志的→absorb v．吸收；吸引；使专心
3．appealing adj.有吸引力的，有趣的→appeal v．呼吁；恳请；有吸引力；有感染力
4.arrangement n．安排，筹划→arrange v．安排；筹划
5．absence n．缺乏，没有→absent adj.缺席的；不在的
6．behave v．表现→behaviour n．行为；举动
7．definitely adv.确切地，肯定地→definite adj.明确的
8．disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的→disappoint vt.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n．失望；沮丧；扫兴；使人失望的人(或事物)
9．extremely adv.极度，极其→extreme adj.极度的
10．original adj.原先的，最初的→origin n．起源
11.responsibility n．责任→responsible adj.有责任的；负责的
12．rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的→rudeness n．粗鲁；无礼
13．transport__ n．交通运输系统，运输方式→transportation n．交通
【重点短语】
1.stay__up 熬夜
2．live__up__to 符合(标准)，不负(盛名)
3．to__some__extent 在某种程度上
4．in__one’s__own__right 凭借自己，靠自己
5．result__in 导致
6.all__too__often 常常；时常
7．can’t__wait__to__do__sth. 迫不及待地做某事
8．put__on 表演(节目)
9．a__waste__of__time 浪费时间
10．on__top__of 除……之外
【重点句型】
1.with ＋宾语＋宾补：This is something that even the highly successful Harry Potter movies can’t escape from, with__fans__of__the__books__disappointed(因为书迷们感到失望) not to see some of their favourite characters in the movie versions.
2．if so句式：Good movies need good stories.If__so(如果这样), why has one of the earliest and greatest works in Western storytelling, Homer’s The Odyssey, never had an equally great movie based on it
【考点精讲】
absence n．缺乏，没有
(教材P47)Courage is not the absence of fear, but rather the judgement that something else is more important than fear.
勇气并不是没有恐惧，而是判断出某些事物更加重要。
(1)absent adj. 缺席的，不在的
be absent from 缺席，不在
(2)absence of mind 心不在焉
in one’s absence＝ in the absence of sb.当某人缺席/不在的时候
in the absence of... 缺少……时
①Her absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident.
她驾车时心不在焉，差点造成事故。
②Because he was ill, he was absent from the meeting.
因为他病了，所以他缺席了会议。
③They made the decision in the absence of enough information.
在缺乏足够信息的情况下，他们做了那个决定。
[巧学活用]——句型转换
The reason for his being absent remains a puzzle.
→The__reason__why__he__is__absent remains a puzzle.
→The__reason__for__his__absence remains a puzzle.
absorbed adj.专心致志的
(教材P41)As soon as the curtain rose, I was absorbed.
幕布一升起，我就全神贯注。
(1)absorb v. 吸收，理解，使专注
absorb oneself in 全神贯注于
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意
(2)be/become/get absorbed in 全神贯注于；沉迷于
①When I entered, he was absorbed in reading a novel.
当我进来时，他正聚精会神地看小说。
[温馨提示]
be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in (doing) sth.。
②When deeply absorbed(absorb) in work，he always forgets all about eating or sleeping.
当专注于工作时，他总是废寝忘食。
[一词多义]——写出下列句中absorb的含义
(1)Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air.吸收
(2)Too often he only absorbs half the information in the manual(手册)．理解
(3)He absorbed himself in his business all day when he was young.专心于
behave 表现
(教材P47)She’s taught how to behave perfectly.
她学会了如何举止得体。
(1)behavior n. 行为；举止；习性
(2)well behaved adj. 表现好的
badly behaved adj. 表现差的
(3)behave well/badly 表现良好/糟糕
behave oneself 守规矩，表现得体
①You should behave well and mind your words in a big occasion like this.
像这样一个隆重的场合，你应该表现得当及注意用词。
②I think all of us should mind our behavior(behave) in public places.
我认为我们都应该在公共场合注意自己的行为举止。
③Behave yourself(you) and be careful in what you say or do.
表现好些，别乱说乱动。
escape v．(从危险或糟糕的处境中)逃离，逃避，摆脱 n．逃脱
(教材P45)This is something that even the highly successful Harry Potter movies can’t escape from, with fans of the books disappointed not to see some of their favourite characters in the movie versions.
这是即使是非常成功的哈利·波特电影也逃不掉的东西，书迷们失望地没有在电影版本中看到他们最喜欢的角色。
(1)escape (doing) sth. 逃脱(做)某事
escape from/out of... 从……逃跑，逃走
escape sb.’s/one’s attention/notice逃过某人的注意，被某人遗忘
(2)have a narrow escape 九死一生
①Yesterday I came across my former classmate, but his name escaped me, which made me embarrassed.
昨天我碰见了我以前的同学，但是我记不起来他的名字了，这让我很尴尬。
②Whoever breaks the law won’t escape punishment/being__punished(punish)．
无论是谁触犯法律都避免不了受到处罚。
③The fire spread quickly but luckily all the people managed to escape from/out__of the burning house.
火势蔓延得很快，但幸运的是所有的人都设法从燃烧着的房子里逃了出来。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
当车朝你开过来的时候，你能够幸免于难，真是幸运。
You were lucky to have__a__narrow__escape when a car ran towards you.
grateful adj.感谢的，感激的
(教材P41)Seeing all my family and friends in the audience applaud me, I felt so confident and grateful.
看到观众席上所有的家人和朋友都为我鼓掌，我感到非常自信和感激。
(1)be grateful
(2)I would be grateful if you could/would...
如果你能……，我将不胜感激。(用于提出请求)
①She was grateful that her teacher gave her some tips on how to improve English. 她感到感激的是，她的老师给了她一些如何提高英语的建议。
②We should be grateful to__have(have) a job and always do our best to do it better.
我们应该庆幸自己拥有一份工作，并全力以赴把工作做得更好。
③She was very grateful to Tom for his support.
她非常感谢汤姆的支持。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
如果您能给我提些建议，我将不胜感激。
I would__be__grateful__if you could give me some advice.
put on 表演(节目)；穿上
(教材P42)Each of the contestants put on a wonderful performance—they all really wanted to win!
每个参赛者都表演得很精彩——他们都很想赢！
put down 放下；记下；镇压
put off 推迟，拖延
put up with 忍受
put out 熄灭；扑灭；生产
put up 举起；张贴；建造；为……提供食宿
①On National Day, our class put on a wonderful performance.
国庆节那天，我们班进行了精彩的表演。
②We shall be happy to put you up when you come to town next month.
你们下个月到城里来时我们将很乐意为你们提供食宿。
③As far as I know，the sports meet has been put off until next week because of the bad weather.
据我所知，由于天气不好运动会已经被推迟到下周了。
[巧学活用]——用put的相关短语填空
(1)I can’t put__up__with their smoking any longer.
(2)Will you help me put__up this painting
(3)Remember to put__on more clothes to keep warm.
if so句式
(教材P44)Good movies need good stories. If so, why has one of the earliest and greatest works in Western storytelling, Homer’s The Odyssey, never had an equally great movie based on it
好电影需要好故事。如果这样的话，为什么西方叙事史上最早、最伟大的作品之一，荷马的《奥德赛》，从来没有一部同样伟大的电影是根据它改编的呢？
句中If so意为“如果这样的话”，so代替前面句子的肯定内容，构成省略条件句，语意可由上下文得知。
if not 如果不这样的话
if ever 如果曾经有过的话
if any 如果有的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话
①Did you cheat in the exam？If so, you won’t get away with it.
你在考试中作弊了吗？如果是这样的话，你不会逃脱惩罚的。
②I will go to Beijing this week and, if__possible,__I’ll take my parents.
这个星期我要去北京，如果可能的话，我要带着我的父母一起去。
[巧学活用]——句型转换
(1)I’ll go if you are going. If you aren’t going, I’d rather stay at home.
→I’ll go if you are going. If__not,__I’d rather stay at home.
(2)Wash it in water and pick out the small particles，if there are any.
→Wash it in water and pick out the small particles, if__any．
(3)If it is possible, you should try it once more.
→If__possible,__you should try it once more.Unit4 Stage and screen-Starting out考点精讲&典例示范
【知识概括】
【阅读词汇】
□opera n． □version n． □string n． □female adj.
□universe n． □clap v． □edge n.
【写作词汇】
1.aspect n. 方面
2．technique n. 技巧，手法
3.incredible adj. 难以置信的
4．poetry n. 诗；诗歌
【拓展词汇】
1．anger n．愤怒，怒火→angry adj.生气的
2.combine v．(使)结合，(使)组合→combination n．组合；结合
3．emotion n．强烈的情感→emotional adj.感情的；情感的
4．energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→energy n．精力；能源
5.movement n．运动，动作→move v．移动
6．transform v．使改观，使变形，使转化→transformation n．变化，改观，转变
【重点短语】
1.tick__all__the__right__boxes 事情发展如人所愿，一切顺利
2．on__the__edge__of__one’s__seat 极为激动
3．transform...into... 把……转变成……
4.get__across 解释清楚，传达
5．start__with 以……开始
6．date__back__to 追溯到
【重点句型】
1.so...that...如此……以至于……： The voices themselves sounded really unique—some of the female voices were so__high__that(如此高以至于) I was sure they could break glass！
2．形式主语：Does this mean it’s__easier__than__a__Shakespeare__play__to__understand(比莎士比亚的戏剧更容易理解)
3．until引导时间状语从句：Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times, I was full of confidence—until__the__Peking__Opera__came__to__town(直到看到京剧)!
【考点精讲】
combine v．(使)结合，(使)组合
(教材P39)So, if you want to see a show that combines music, singing, drama, poetry and costume design with explosive effect, The Revenge of Prince Zidan ticks all the right boxes!
所以，如果你想看一个集音乐、歌唱、戏剧、诗歌和服装设计于一体的具有爆炸性效果的节目，那么京剧《王子复仇记》就恰到好处了！
(1)combine with 与……结合
combine...with... 把……与……结合起来
(2)combination n. 结合；联合；化合(物)
in combination with 与……结合
①You should try to combine exercise with a balanced diet.
你应该尽力将锻炼和平衡的饮食相结合。
②We consider it necessary to combine theory with practice.
我们认为理论联系实际是必要的。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)When shown in combination(combine) with black, orange often symbolizes(象征) the career.
(2)—In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.
—I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two combined(combine)．
get across 解释清楚，传达
(教材P38)The performers of course sang in Chinese, but the music, exaggerated movements and mime helped get the meanings across to the audience.
表演者当然用中文演唱，但音乐、夸张的动作和手势有助于让观众理解其中的意思。
get through 做完；通过；接通(电话)
get over 克服
get down to (doing) sth. 开始认真(做)某事
get along/on with 相处；进展
①What is the message that you are trying to get across
你想要传达什么消息？
②Don’t just sit there! Get down to discussing(discuss) that question!
别干坐着了！开始讨论那个问题吧！
③I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening，but there must be something wrong with his phone. I can’t seem to get through．
整个晚上我都一直在努力给查尔斯打电话，但他的电话肯定是出故障了。我似乎无法接通。
[巧学活用]——用get的相关短语填空
(1)He isn’t good at talking but he gets__on/along__well__with other people.
(2)I’ve been trying to ring you up all day but I couldn’t get__through．
(3)Take it easy. You’ll soon get__over your carelessness.
start with(＝begin with) 以……开始
(教材P38)Starting with an orchestra playing traditional Chinese instruments, the opera brought a completely new sound to my Western ears.
从管弦乐队演奏中国传统乐器开始，京剧给我这对西方耳朵带来了一种全新的声音。
(1)begin/start...with 以……开始
end (up) with 以……结束
(2)to begin with＝to start with 首先(常作插入语)
①A journey of a thousand miles begins with single step.
[谚语]千里之行，始于足下。
②The teacher began the lesson with an English song today.
今天老师以一首英文歌曲开始了课程。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
我们不可能去，首先是路太远，其次我们也负担不起。
We can’t possibly go. To__begin/start__with,__it’s too far and secondly we can’t afford it either.
[温馨提示]
常见的插入语：
to tell the truth 老实说
to conclude 总之
to be honest 老实说
to make matters worse 更糟的是
transform vt. 使改观，使变形，使转化
(教材P39)Using such techniques, the opera had transformed a small stage into the whole universe.
运用这些技巧，京剧把一个小舞台变成了整个宇宙。
(1)transform A into B 把A转换成B
transform from...into... 从……转变成……
(2)transformation n. 改变，变革
①I went on alternative break trips and had my life totally transformed by that experience.
我参加了非传统的假期旅行，它完全改变了我的生活。
②Water can transform a desert into a garden.
水能使沙漠变为花园。
[巧学活用]——单句语法填空
(1)If you fail to keep the balance, then it would transform into__another problem.
(2)In the last five years, he’s gone through a personal transformation(transform)．
(3)A sitting room can be__transformed(transform) into a guest bedroom simply by adding a sofa bed.
until引导时间状语从句
(教材P38)Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times, I was full of confidence—until the Peking Opera came to town!
看了不少《哈姆雷特》的作品，读了很多遍《哈姆雷特》，直到看到京剧，我才没了自信。
本句为复合句，“Having seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times”为现在分词短语在句中作原因状语。until在句中引导时间状语从句。until可用作介词或连词，意为“到……时候为止，到……时候才”。
(1)until引导时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，表示“直到……为止”；
(2)not...until...引导时间状语从句时，若主句的谓语动词是终止性动词，表示“直到……才……”；若主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，意为“不到……就……”。
①He waited until his mother came back.
他一直等到他妈妈回来。
②I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.
直到做完作业我才上床睡觉。
[巧学活用]——完成句子
(1)交通法要到年底才生效。
The traffic laws don’t come to effect until__the__end__of__the__year．
(2)一直朝着这个方向走就会看见指示牌了。
Continue in this direction until__you__see__a__sign．
