2022年中考英语总复习之定语从句课件 (共40张PPT)

(共40张PPT)
定语从句
定语从句
概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词
的句子.
(Attributive clause)
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句
先行词
关系词
定语从句
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
关系代词
关系副词
which, that
who, whom, whose
Where, when,why
定语从句的用法:
当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.
These are the trees which were planted last year.
当先行词是人时, 用who, whom,
whose, that引导.
I know the girl who is in red.
1.The girl is happy.
2.She won the race.
合并句子:
The girl who won the race is happy.
1.The city is beautiful.
2.The city is surrounded by mountains.
The city which/that is surrounded by mountains is beautiful.
The man called the police.
His wallet was stolen.
The man whose wallet was stolen called the police
who, whom, whose, that用法区别.
who/that 作定语从句的主语或宾语.
The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.
The man is a worker.
The man is speaking at the meeting.
分解
作主语
Whom 作定语从句的宾语
The old man whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.
The old man is a teacher.
They wanted to visit the old man.
分解
作宾语
注意：who、whom作定语从句的宾语时的区别
做介词的宾语只能用whom
做动词的宾语who、whom可互用
He is the man whom I am waiting for.
whose 作定语从句的定语.
I know the girl whose hair is long.
分解
I know the girl.
The girl’s hair is long.
作定语
注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可
省略.
The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.
小结：如何选择关系词
①先判断先行词是人是物
指人：who that whom whose
指物：that which
②再判断先行词在从句中的成分
指人：主语：who/that
宾语：who/that/whom
定语：whose
指物：主语 that which
宾语 that which
定语 whose
Exercise:
1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whom D. this
A
2. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.
A. that B. whose C. which D. as
A
3.Do you know the boy _______is singing in the classroom
A.which B.who C.when D.whom
B
4.Jim dislikes people _______talk much but never do anything.
A.whom B.when C.whose D.who
D
5.The village _________I visited last year has changed a lot.
Really I hope to go there on day.
A.that B.who C.when
A
注意：定语从句的时态不受主句影响。
1.The girl who won the race is happy.
2.Do you know the boy who is singing in the classroom
3. 只能用that,不能用which的情况
① 序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时
Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.
This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.
③　everything, something, nothing, all,
anything, little, much等不定代词作先行词时
Everything that we saw in this film was true.
②先行词被every, some, no, all, any, little, much等修饰时。
I’ve read all the books that you lend me.
④ 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
This is the very book that belongs to him.
⑤ 主句已有who或which时
Who is the girl that is standing under the tree
Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.
⑥ 当先行词同时指人和物时
I’ve never heard of the people and things that you talked about just now.
只能用which不用that的情况
1.关系代词前有介词时
This is the classroom in which I studied for 2 years.
2.非限制性定语从句
She has 2 dalls,which are from her parents.
Exercise
1. I have a friend ________ likes listening to classical music.
who/that
which/that
whose
3. The man ______ leg broke in a
match used to be a football player.
2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the
new dress __________ I gave her.
4. My parents live in a house__________
is more than 100 years old.
5. The boy with _______ John spoke is
my brother.
which/that
whom
6. Kevin is reading a book __________
is too difficult for him.
which/that
7. Is there anything ________ you want
to buy in the town.
8.All ______ we can do is to study hard.
9. The first one _____ stands up is a
little boy.
that
that
that
句子翻译
1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.
This is the doctor who saved the boy’s life.
2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.
The man who is running is my uncle.
3. 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.
I like the music that I can sing along with.
4. 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.
The woman who lives next door is a teacher.
定语从句关系副词的用法
关系副词：when, where和why，它们在定语从句中分别作时间、地点和原因状语
表时间的名词 + when 引导的定语从
句
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
He’ll never forget the day when he joined the army.
表地点的名词 + where引导的定语从句
This is the house where I lived two
years ago.
Shanghai is the city where I was born.
表原因的名词reason + why引导的定语从句
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
I don't know the reason why he looks unhappy.
比较下面的几组句子
I will never forget the day when I first met you . I will never forget the days which/
that we spent together.
This is the hospital ______ my
mother works.
This is the hospital __________we
visited the day before yesterday.
where
that/which
关系代词与关系副词的选择
方法一：定语从句的动词为不及物动词时，用关系副词。
This is the city where I lived 10 years ago.
方法二：定语从句缺成分用关系代词，不缺成分用关系副词。
I still remember the day when we first met each other.
I still remember the days that we spent
together.
关系副词引导的从句可以由"介词+which"引导的从句替换
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day when you joined our club
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club
This is the reason why he came late.
This is the reason for which he came late.
Thank you!
Bye-bye