2022届高考英语二轮复习：妙招（二）完形填空 注意前后搭配学案（含答案）

高考英语备考技巧妙招（二）完形填空：注意前后搭配
技巧：
完形填空常常有很强的逻辑线索，这就需要同学们学会发掘空白处前后的信息，注意前后信息的合理搭配，选择意义合适的选项。
例题精讲：
全国卷（浙江卷）真题
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq.Her library used to be a 36 place for all who loved books and
liked to share knowledge.They 37 various matters all over the world.When the war was near,Alia was 38 that the fires of war would destroy the books,which are more 39 to her than mountains of gold.The books are in every language-new books,ancient books,40 a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.
She had asked the government for 41 to move the books to a 42 place,but they refused.So Alia took matters into her own hands. 43 she brought books home every night,44 her car late after work.Her friends came to 45 her when the war broke out.Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books.All through the 47 Alia,Anis,his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library,48 them over the seven-foot wall and 49 them in the restaurant.The books stayed hidden as the war 50 Then nine days later,a fire burned the 51 to the ground.
One day,the bombing stopped and the 52 left.But the war was not over yet.Alia knew that if the books were to be safe,they must be 53 again while the city was 54 So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs（郊区）.Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library.
( )36.A.meeting B.working C.personal D.religious
( )37.A.raised B.handled C.reported D.discussed
( )38.A.worried B.angry C.doubtful D.curious
( )39.A.practical B.precious C.reliable D.expensive
( )40.A.then B.still C.even D.rather
( )41.A.permission B.confirmation C.explanation D.information
( )42.A.large B.public C.distant D.safe
( )43.A.Fortunately B.Surprisingly C.Seriously D.Secretly
( )44.A.starting B.parking C.filling D.testing
( )45.A.stop B.help C.warn D.rescue
( )46.A.intended B.pretended C.happened D.agreed
( )47.A.war B.night C.building D.way
( )48.A.put B.opened C.passed D.threw
( )49.A.hid B.exchanged C.burnt D.distributed
( )50.A.approached B.erupted C.continued D.ended
( )51.A.restaurant B.library C.city D.wall
( )52.A.neighbours B.soldiers C.friends D.customers
( )53.A.sold B.read C.saved D.moved
( )54.A.occupied B.bombed C.quiet D.busy
( )55.A.dreamed of B.believed in C.cared about D.looked for
【解析】
试题答案：
36.A37.D38.A39.B40.C41.A42.D43.D44.C45.B46.D47.B48.C49.A50.C51.B52.B53.D54.C55.A
完形填空的命题要求所有的选项从语法上来讲都必须是正确的，都能够填入空格构成一个完整的句子，所以单从语法的角度考虑，考生是选择不出正确答案的。要选出适合短文的选项，就必须考虑选项与短文的前后搭配关系，这个关系可以分为句内、句间和段间的关系。
1.句内
考生从一个句子之内就能够找到与空格有逻辑关系的线索，从而找出合适的选项。
36.A。从同一个句子后面的share knowledge说明他们经常聚会，所以选择meeting。
38.A。从本句后面的destroy the books看出，Alia非常担心。
39.B。从本句后面的mountains of gold看出，这里进行比较的是“价值”。
40.C。从本句后面的seven hundred years old看出，这本书非常的古老，所以选择用even表示“甚至”。
4l.A。从本句后面的but they refused看出，Alia是在向政府申请许可，所以选择permission。
44.C。从前半句可以得知，她用自己的汽车装书回家，所以选择用filling。
48.C。从本句前面的took the books from the library和后面的over the seven-foot wall and them in the restaurant可以得出他们把书递过高墙，所以选择passed。
2.句间
考生必须开阔阅读和思考的宽度，从一个句子之内的关系拓展到句子之间的关系，从而选择正确的选项。
37.D。从上一个句子的meeting place和share knowledge，可以得出他们还经常讨论各种问题。
43.D。从上个句子的but they refused和本句后部的every night，可以得出她只能是“私底下，秘密地”搬运。
45.B。从上一个句子她自己搬书回家，和下一个句子她的朋友把书搬到饭店可知，她的朋友在帮助她。
46.D。根据下一个句子，他们把书搬到了饭店藏起来，说明她的开饭店的朋友同意他们把书藏在那里。
47.B。根据上一个句子when the war broke out和后半句的他们从墙上把书递出来，说明他们是在战争爆发的当晚秘密地运书。
49.A。从本段的前面一个句子Anis who owned a restaurant to hide some books可知，他们
把书藏在了饭店。
50.C。从上句把书藏在饭店，和下一个句子的nine days later可知，在战争进展过程中，这些书都被掩藏着。
52.B。从本句的前部分the bombing stopped和下一个句子But the war was not over yet得知，这里离开的应该是士兵。
54.C。从本段的第一句可知，当时战争暂时平息，这里的while引导一个状语从句，表示在城市还是平静的时期，所以选择quiet。
3.段间
部分题目设置的呼应的距离更远，从句子之间延伸到了段落之间。考生需要建立起短文故事发展的逻辑关系来得出正确的选项。
42.D。从第一段的Alia was worried that the fires of war would destroy the books可以得出，她想把书转移到安全的地方，所以选择safe。
51.B。从短文第一段Alia在图书馆工作并认为把书留在图书馆不安全，以及第二段搬书的过程并结合短文最后一段书还很好地被保存着，可以得知，被烧毁的是图书馆。
53.D。从短文的第二段得知，这些书已经被搬过一次，并且从空格后的again看来，这些书还得再搬一次，所以选择moved。
55.A。从短文第二段可知原来的图书馆被摧毁了，从最后一段可知战争还没有结束，所以Alia就梦想和平和一个新的图书馆，故选择dreamed of。
练一手
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
For a long time Gabriel didn't want to be involved in music at all.In his first years of high school,
Gabriel would look pityingly at music students,1 across the campus with their heavy instrument
cases,2 at school for practice hours 3 anyone else had to be there.He swore to himself to 4 music,as he hated getting to school extra early.
5 one day,in the music class that was 6 of his school's standard curriculum,he was idly
（随意地）playing the piano and found it 7 to pick out tunes.With a sinking feeling，he realized that he actually 8 doing it.He tried to hide his 9 pleasure from the music teacher,who had 10
over to listen.He might not have done this particularly well, 11 the teacher told Gabriel that he had
a good 12 and suggested that Gabriel go into the music store-room to see if any of the instruments
there 13 him.There he decided to give the cello（大提琴）a 14 When he began practicing，he
took it very 15 But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument,and was 16 to
practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.
This 17 of course,that he arrived at school early in the morning, 18 his heavy instrument
case across the campus to the 19 looks of the non-musicians he had left 20
( )1.A.travelling B.marching C.pacing D.struggling
( )2.A.rising up B.coming up C.driving up D.turning up
( )3.A.before B.after C.until D.since
( )4.A.betray B.accept C.avoid D.appreciate
( )5.A.Therefore B.However C.Thus D.Moreover
( )6.A.part B.nature C.basis D.spirit
( )7.A.complicate B.safe C.confusing D.easy
( )8.A.missed B.disliked C.enjoyed D.denied
( )9.A.transparent B.obvious C.false D.similar
( )10.A.run B.jogged C.jumped D.wandered
( )11.A.because B.but C.though D.so
( )12.A.ear B.taste C.heart D.voice
( )13.A.occurred to B.took to C.appealed to D.held to
( )14.A.change B.chance C.mission D.function
( )15.A.seriously B.proudly C.casually D.naturally
( )16.A.committed B.used C.limited D.admitted
( )17.A.proved B.showed C.stressed D.meant
( )18.A.pushing B.dragging C.lifting D.rushing
( )19.A.admiring B.pitying C.annoying D.teasing
( )20.A.over B.aside C.behind D.out
测一组仿真试题
I.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
One day as I was sitting in a coffee shop,I noticed a girl working on her laptop.Two people passed
by and 1(accident)knocked over her drink.2(avoid)embarrassment,the girl pretended that nothing 3(happen)and continued working on her computer.
This reminded me that in Britain,when 4(trap)in an embarrassing situation,people tend to use this common way to not catch other people's attention.For Britons,a common way of doing this is by using self-depreciating（自嘲）humor.Imagine walking with your friends and falling over.Your friend,instead of worrying, 5probably say,“Have a nice trip!"Or you may simply laugh at 6 clumsy you are.
Also,British people are considerate when it comes to 7 (embarrass)others.For example, students usually have a birthday party every year.So during the school day,a student gives out 8 (invite)to the class.If one person doesn't get an invitation,but 9 rest of the class does,he or she feels embarrassed.To avoid this,it's typical 10 students to even invite people
who aren't their friends.
Ⅱ.完形填空
新课标全国卷I真题
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my second year at the city college,I was told that the education department was offering a “free"course,called Thinking Chess,for three credits.I 1 the idea of taking the class because, after all,who doesn't want to 2 a few dollars More than that,I'd always wanted to learn chess. And,even if I weren't 3 enough about free credits,news about our 4 was appealing enough to
me.He was an international grandmaster,which 5 I would be learning from one of the game's 6 I could hardly wait to 7 him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart,a former graduate returning to teach,and this 8 was no game for him;he meant business.In his introduction,he made it 9 that our credits would be hard- earned.In order to 10 the class,among other criteria,we had to write a paper on how we plan to 11 what we would learn in class to our future professions and, 12 to our lives.I managed to get an A in that 13 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 14.
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley,I'm still putting to use what he 15 me:“The absolute most important 16 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 17.On every single move you have to 18 a situation，process what your opponent（对手）is doing and 19 the best move from among all your options."These words still ring true today in my 20 as a journalist.
( )1.A.put forward B.jumped at C.tried out D.turned down
( )2.A waste B.earn C.save D.pay
( )3.A.excited B.worried C.moved D.tired
( )4.A.title B.competitor C.textbook D.instructor
( )5.A.urged B.demanded C.held D.meant
( )6.A.fastest B.easiest C.best D.rarest
( )7.A.interview B.meet C.challenge D.beat
( )8.A.chance B.qualification C.honor D.job
( )9.A.real B.perfect C.clear D.possible
( )10.A.attend B.pass C.skip D.observe
( )11.A.add B.expose C.apply D.compare
( )12.A.eventually B.naturally C.directly D.normally
( )13.A.game B.presentation C.course D.experiment
( )14.A.criterion B.classroom C.department D.situation
( )15.A.taught B.wrote C.questioned D.promised
( )16.A.fact B.step C.manner D.skill
( )17.A.grades B.decisions C.impressions D.comments
( )18.A.analyze B.describe C.rebuild D.control
( )19.A.announce B.signal C.block D.evaluate
( )20.A.role B.desire C.concern D.behavior
记一点好词好句
翻一翻下面的句子。
1.她的图书馆以前是所有热爱书籍和喜欢分享知识的人的聚集地。
2.整个晚上，Alia和她的邻居们把书从图书馆拿出来，递过七英尺高的墙，把它们藏在饭店里。
3.一天我正坐在一家咖啡店，我注意到一个女孩在手提电脑上工作着。
4.你可能只会嘲笑自己多么笨拙。
5.在他的介绍中，他很明确地说这个学分很难得。
记一记下面的句子。
1.Her library used to be a meeting place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge.
2.All through the night,Alia and her neighbours took the books from the library,passed them over the
seven-foot wall and hid them in the restaurant.
3.One day as I was sitting in a coffee shop,I noticed a girl working on her laptop.
4.You may simply laugh at how clumsy you are.
5.In his introduction,he made it clear that our credits would be hard-earned.
练一练好词好句
用所给词或词组翻译下列句子。
1.曾经有段时间他可以很容易就入睡。（used to be）
2.Kirk匆忙跑进教室，在桌上放下书包，又跑出去了。（did.，did.and did.）
3.昨天我们谁都没有看到他离开房间。（notice sb.doing）
4.他的同学都赞叹在运动会上他跑得真快。（how adj./adv.）
5.在他的讲话中，他明确表示他同意我们的想法。（make it clear that）
答案解析
练一手
1.D。答案来源于句内。根据空格后面“with their heavy instrument cases'”可知，每天上学的时候，Gabriel总是同情地看着背着沉重的乐器的同学们艰难地穿梭于校园中。struggle“努力，艰难地行进，斗争”，符合语境。
2.D。答案来源于句间。根据后一个句子的“as he hated getting to school extra early'”可知，为了练习弹奏乐器，学习音乐的同学需要比不学音乐的早到学校几个小时。turn up意为“出现”，符合语境。
3.A。答案来源于句间。解析同第2题。
4.C。答案来源于句内。本题需要结合语境进行选择。
根据“as he hated getting to school extra early"可知，Gabriel讨厌过早到校，因此他对自己发誓“不学”音乐。A.betray“背叛”；B.accept“接受”；C.avoid“避免”；D.appreciate“欣赏”。只有C符合语境。
5.B。答案来源于段间，考查段落的衔接。本段讲Gabriel在一次音乐课上意外发现自己很喜欢音乐，与上一段是转折关系。故选B。
6.A。答案来源于段间。从上一个段落可知，他是不想在额外时间学习音乐的，所以他现在上的音乐课是学校的标准课程的一部分。言外之意就是，每个学生都得上这个音乐课。
7.D。答案来源于句间。根据下句“actually.…tried to hide…pleasure”等词或词组可以看出，Gabriel在音乐中找到了乐趣，并试图隐藏这份愉悦。由此可知，第7空的意思是“演奏音乐很容易”。只有D项符合语境。
8.C。答案来源于句内。根据actually可知，Gabriel对音乐的看法有了变化，他实际上是喜欢音乐的。A、B、D都是有否定倾向的词，不符合语境。
9.B。答案来源于句间。从上个句子看出，Gabriel在不经意间发现自己非常喜欢音乐，但是他不想让音乐老师看到自己表露出来的很明显的喜悦之情。transparent指“（谎言、借口）易看穿的”；obvious“明显的，显然的”，故选B。
10.D。答案来源于句内。音乐老师在教室里来回走动，
听到Gabriel弹奏乐器的声音，就走过来聆听。wander“徘徊，游荡”。关注这里的时态，“who had wandered over to listen”，说的是在过来之前老师的行为。
11.A。答案来源于句内。根据前半句“He might not have done this particularly well”与后半句“and suggested that”，说明Gabriel从老师的建议中听出来可能自己不是弹得特别好，存在着因果关系。
12.A。答案来源于句内。老师认为Gabriel有很好的辨音能力，并建议他去挑一件称心的乐器。A.ear“辨音力”；B.taste“鉴赏力”；C.heart“心”；D.voice“嗓音”。由于Gabriel没有经过专业的训练，不能说他有很好的音乐鉴赏力，taste不符合语境。
l3.C。答案来源于句间。根据下一个句子得知，Gabriel挑了大提琴，所以本题应该是表示“喜欢、吸引”的意思。
l4.B。答案来源于句间。Gabriel准备试一下大提琴。chance“机会”，给大提琴一次机会。根据前一个句子，老师让他挑自己喜欢的乐器，所以本题表示他挑了大提琴。
15.C。答案来源于句间。根据下一个句子开头的But可知，前后是转折关系。下句说Gabriel发现自己很喜欢大提琴，说明前一句是说他只是随便拉一下。
16.A。答案来源于句间。根据“so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well'"可知，花了几个月的时间练习之后，Gabriel的大提琴已经拉得非常好了。Be committed to sth./doing sth.“致力于”。
17.D。答案来源于段间。本段与第一段呼应。学习音乐意味着早到学校，要把沉重的乐器背来背去。meant在此意为“意味着”。
l8.B。答案来源于段间。根据第一段的“with their heavy instrument cases”可知，Gabriel也得早到学校练习拉琴，也要拖着沉重的乐器。drag指“吃力地拖、拉某物”，符合语境。
19.B。答案来源于段间。根据“non-musicians”可知，这里指不学音乐的学生的表情。根据第一段look pityingly可得出答案，应该是pitying，意味着学习音乐就要被其他同学用同情的目光注视。
20.C。答案来源于句内。leave aside“搁置一边”；leave sb./sth.behind“把…抛在脑后，超过”；leave out'“遗漏，不提及”。这里指Gabriel走过去之后，身后的同学对他投来同情的目光。
测一组仿真试题
I，语法填空
作者主要向读者讲述了英国人善于化解尴尬的故事，文中列举了几个有趣的情景。
I.accidentally。考查副词。空处修饰后面的knocked over，所以要把accident转化为副词，故填accidentally。
2.To avoid。考查非谓语动词。根据句意“为了避免尴尬，这个女孩假装什么事情也没有发生过”，空处表目的，故用不定式To avoid。
3.had happened。考查时态。happen动作发生在pretended动作之前，故用过去完成时态，填had happened。
4.trapped。考查非谓语动词。空处的逻辑主语是people，与trap间是被动关系，故填过去分词形式trapped。
5.will。考查时态。根据句意，假设跟你朋友一起走路，然后你摔倒了，你的朋友不会担心，很可能会说：“旅途愉快！”故填will。
6.how。考查宾语从句引导词，根据句意可知填how。
7.embarrassing。考查非谓语动词。空处作介词to的宾语，故用动词-ing形式embarrassing。
8.invitations。考查词形转化。空处作gives out的宾语，故用名词invitation，且是可数名词，故填复数形式invitations。
9.the。考查冠词。the rest of“其他的，剩下的”。故填the。
l0.of。考查固定短语。it's typical of sb.to do sth.“某人就会做某事；做某事是某人的特点”，故填of。
Ⅱ.完形填空
作者通过对大学期间选修棋艺这门课的记叙，描述了自己当时心里的想法以及得到的感悟对自己以后生活的积极影响。
1.B。根据空格前“a‘free’course”及第2题后面的“I'd always wanted to learn chess.”可知本空格是作者知道有免费棋艺课程之后欣喜的反应，故选B。
2.C。从上文的“a‘free’course'”可知，该课程免费，所以作者想“谁不想节省几美元呢？”，故选C。
3.A。空格前面的“even if I weren't”与下文中的“was appealing enough to me”表示“即使我对…不…，那么…对我也够有吸引力的了”，该句子表示作者对免费课程非常兴奋，同时对执教者也非常期待，故选A。
4.D。根据下文中的“an international grandmaster'”可知，此处表示这门课指导者的消息很吸引“我”。故此处指开课的导师，选D项。
5.D。根据前面的“he was an international grandmaster'”和后面的“I would be learning from one”可推知，那就意味着“我”可以向一个…的人学习。
6.C。根据上文中的“an international grandmaster”可知，他是最好的棋手之一，故选C。
7.B。根据前面对于导师的介绍以及“could hardly wait to”可推知，作者迫不及待想见他，故选B。
8.D。根据前面的teach、后面的“was no game for him；he meant business”以及选项比较可知，对于这样一份教学工作，他是认真的，故选D。
9.C。根据前面的“In his introduction，he made it”及后面的“credits would be hard-earned”可知，他在介绍时，把很难得到学分一事讲得很清楚，故选C。
10.B。根据前面提到很难得学分以及“had to write a paper'”可推知，此处指为了课程及格而写论文，故选B。ll.C。根据后面的“what we would learn in class to our future professions'”以及选项可知，此处指把所学的知识应用（apply）到将来的职业中去，故选C。
l2.A。根据空前的“to our future professions”、空后的“to our lives'”以及上一题的分析可知，此处指把所学的东西应用到将来的职业中，最后应用到我们的生活中。此处表示时
间递进关系，故选A。
13.C。根据全文的内容，尤其是短文第一段首句“offering a‘free course'”可知，此处指在这门课程中获得A，故选C。
l4.B。根据“learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the4”中的“life lessons'”可知，作者在学习过程中的感悟超越了“课堂”，故选B。
l5.A。根据空前的“chess class with Ashley”可知，作者在学完课程之后，仍旧在使用老师Ashley所教的东西，故选A。
l6.D。根据后面的learn与选项意思搭配比较可知，只有skill与学习象棋有关，故选D。
17.B。根据语境可知，学习技巧的目的就是学会如何做决定，故选B。
18.A。分析语境可知，此处指下棋时，每移动一枚棋子都要分析情况，故选A。
19.D。从本句可知，下棋时要分析每一种情况，核查对手的反应，然后要评估最好的一步棋，故选D。
20.A。根据后面的“as a journalist”可推知，此处指作者作为记者的这个角色定位，故选A。
练一练好词好句
1.There used to be a time when it was fairly easy for him to fall asleep.
2.Kirk hurriedly ran into the classroom,put his schoolbag on the desk and ran out again.
3.None of us noticed him leaving the room yesterday.
4.His classmates all think highly of how fast he ran in the sports meeting.
5.In his talk,he made it clear that he agreed with our idea.