2022年中考英语二轮复习非谓语动词专项总结练习课件15张

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非谓语动词专项
总结练习
空谷初中英语
在英语句子中不是谓语的动词是____________.包括:_____________,______和_______.
一.动词不定式
1.结构:⑴一般式___________________ ⑸否定式___________
⑵进行式______________
⑶完成式_______________________________
⑷被动式___________________
2.功能:动词不定式在句中除了谓语都可以充当.所以可以充当______,__________,
____________,__________,________________和__________.
动词不定式作主语时,为避免头重脚轻,往往用it作形式主语,真正的主语动词不定式放后面,常用的结构有:
⑴________________________________ ⑵______________________________
⑶___________________________________________
非谓语动词
to be doing
to be done
主语
动词不定式
summary
动名词
to have done(动词过去分词)
分词
非谓语动词
定语
to+do(动词原形)
宾语
状语
宾语补足语
表语
It is adj./n. for sb. to do sth.
It is adj. of sb. to do sth.
It takes sb. some time to do sth.
not to do
Exercise:分析下列句子中动词不定式的成分.
1.To protect the earth is everyone’s duty.
2.The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29,1953.
3.The main reason was to protect their part of the country.
4.Millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities.
5.Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school.
6.It is her dream to go there one day.
7.They send people to schools to tell children about the importance of saving these animals.
谓语动词前是主语
修饰限定前面的名词,是定语
动词后,宾语
补充说明宾语,是宾语补足语
系动词后,表语
为了,目的状语
形式主语,动词不定式是真正的主语
动词后宾语
动词不定式作主语但单数处理
3.后面接动词不定式作宾语动词和短语有:
hope to do sth. learn to do sth.
fail to do sth. mean to do sth.
afford to do sth. seem to do sth.
choose to do sth. try one’s best to do sth.
manage to do sth. make an effort to do sth.
prepare to do sth. be afraid/scared to do sth.
offer to do sth. happen to do sth.
refuse to do sth. have time/reason to do sth.
plan to do sth. hurry/rush to do sth.
agree to do sth. wait to do sth.
volunteer to do sth. 特殊疑问词 +to do
decide to do sth. be allowed to do sth.
feel free to do sth. take action to do sth.
but(除了)前有
do后+动词原形
前没do后+to
do
be+adj后多加
to do形式
be about to do
表将来时
3.后面接动词不定式作宾语或宾语补足语的动词有:
want/need(sb.)to do sth.
wish(sb.)to do sth.
help(sb.)(to) do sth.
promise(sb.) to do sth.
follow(sb.)to do sth.
lead(sb.)to do sth.
expect(sb.)to do sth.
prefer(sb.)to do sth.
mean(sb.)to do sth.
like/hate(sb.)to do sth.
would like(sb.)to do sth.
dare(sb.) to do sth.
tell sb. to do sth. cause sb. to do sth.
get sb. to do sth. ask sb.to do sth.
advise sb. to do sth. require sb. to do sth.
allow sb. to do sth. wait for sb. to do sth
warn sb. to do sth.
teach sb. to do sth.
remind sb. to do sth.
request sb. to do sth.
invite sb. to do sth.
order sb. to do sth.
encourage sb. to do sth.
drive sb. to do sth.
force sb. to do sth.
后面接省略to的动词不
定式的词.
make/have/let sb. do sth.
see/watch/look at/hear/
listen to/notice/feel /find
sb. do
had better do sth.
would rather do than do
why not do
使役动词
感官动词
二.动名词:指的是动词ing形式的一种,兼有________和________特征的非谓语动词.
1.结构:⑴一般式___________________
⑵完成式______________
⑶一般式的被动语态_______________
⑷完成式的被动式___________________
⑸否定式___________
2.功能:动名词在句中可以充当______,__________,____________和__________.
⑴动名词作主语.
①动名词作主语当____数处理.
②为避免头重脚轻,可以用it作形式主语,动名词放后面,但并不常用.
③用于___________+doing……结构中.
④____________结构用于布告,标语等的省略结构中.
动词不定式和动名词都能充当主语,区别是:前者多表示_____________________而后者多表示___________________________.
having done
having been done
主语
not doing
名词
being done
单
动词
定语
doing
宾语
特指或具体的动作
泛指或抽象的动作
表语
there be
No doing
⑵.动名词作宾语.后面接doing作宾语的词或短语:
stand doing sth. keep on doing sth.
mind doing sth. risk doing sth. prefer doing…to doing
advise doing sth. miss doing sth. belong to doing
suggest doing sth. put off doing sth. due to doing
allow doing sth. take up doing sth. spend…doing sth.
avoid doing sth. practice doing sth. prevent…from doing
consider doing sth. feel like doing sth. stop…from doing
enjoy doing sth. be/get used to doing sth. keep…from doing
finish doing sth. look forward to doing sth. be busy doing sth.
give up doing sth. pay attention to doing sth. be worth doing sth.
can’t help doing sth. be halfway to doing sth. be comfortable doing
imagine doing sth. lead to doing sth. have fun/enjoy oneself/
keep doing sth. stick to doing sth. have a good time doing
make a difference to doing sth.
look up to doing sth.
后面既可以接doing又可以接to do作宾语的词或短语:
stop/continue:doing sth. __________________________
/go on to do sth. __________________________
like/love doing sth. __________________________________
/hate/prefer: to do sth. ______________________________
停止/继续做某事
停下来/继续去做另一件事
记得/忘记/后悔做过某事
记得/忘记/后悔将要做某事
做习惯性,经常性的事
需要被做某事
remember doing sth. _________________________________
/forget
/regret: to do sth. ___________________________________
try: doing sth. _____________________________________
to do sth. ____________________________________
mean doing ____________________________________
to do sth. _____________________________________
need/want doing sth. _______________________________________
/require to do sth. _______________________________________
做偶然的,具体的事
尝试做某事
意味着做某事
尽力做某事
打算做某事
需要做某事
start/
begin 后
既可+
doing,也
可+to do
意义可认为
相同.
介词+doing
doing作介词的宾语
⑶动名词作表语.常表主语的________,主语和谓语的位置_______.如果句子主语和表语都是非谓语动词,注意两个动词形式上保持__________.
⑷动名词作定语.往往表示被修饰词的某种________.eg:a walking stick
三:分词.包括______________和____________.分词具有_________和________的特征.
1.现在分词:基本结构:_________,被动结构____________,否定结构_______________.
可作_________,________,________________和________.
⑴作表语表示主语的_______和_______.主语和表语的位置____________.
⑵作定语,当现在分词单词作定语时,可放在被修饰词前,若是现在分词短语放 在后面.表___________和________的含义.eg: a developing country
⑶作宾语补足语,see/watch/look at/hear/listen to/notice/feel /find等词后可+sb./sth. doing sth.也可以用于with+…doing结构.
⑷作状语.可以作_________,__________,__________,____________,___________,_________
______和_________状语,相当于对应的状语从句.原则上其主语与句子主语应是同一个主语.
现在分词
过去分词
动词
形容词
互换
用途
being done
内容
定语
一致
doing
状语
状态
表语
not doing
宾语补足语
特征
不可互换
伴随
原因
条件
让步
目的
结果
方式/
正在进行
主动
时间
2.过去分词:基本结构:________,变化规则同动词过去式,不规则的特殊记忆.
可作_________,________,________________和________.
⑴作表语表示主语的_______和_______.而被动语态强调动作.
⑵作定语,当过去分词单词作定语时,可放在被修饰词前,若是过去分词短语放 在后面.表___________和________的含义.eg: a developed country
⑶作宾语补足语,make/have/let/leave/get/keep/hear/see等 +sb.+done .也可用于with+…done结构.
⑷作状语.可以作_________,__________,__________,____________,___________,_________
状语,相当于对应的状语从句的被动含义.注意使用的前提是,状语和所修饰的句子的主语是同一个.作状语时同现在分词一样可放句前,可放句后,都用逗号隔开.
整体来说,现在分词表主动正在进行,过去分词表被动,已经完成
done
定语
状语
性质
表语
宾语补足语
状态
时间
原因
条件
让步
结果
方式/伴随
已经完成
被动
单项选择题:
1.It is kind______ you to help the old people.
A.of B.for C.to
2.It is difficult_______him to learned Chinese.
A.for B.of C.to
3.I am too scared______them alone.
A.watch B.watching C.to watch
4.That girl is tall enough______the apples on the tree.
A.reach B.to reach C.reaching
5.Dramas like Titanic make me _______even sadder.
A.feel B.to feel C.feeling
6.I am made______even sadder by dramas like Titantic.
A.feel B.to feel C.feeling
描述you(人)用of
A
描述动词不定式用for
A
C
too…to 太…而不能
adj+enough+to do sth.
B
A
B
使役动词的被动语态后+动词,to要还原
使役动词make sb.do(省
略to的动词不定式) sth.
7.Could you tell me where ________a pair of shoes near here
A.to get B.getting C.can get
8.I don’t have a partner _______.
A.to practice English B.to practice English with C.practicing with
9.I’m very comfortable______French now.
A.to speak B.spoken C.speaking
10._______trees,______windows and rubbish were everywhere.
A.Falling breaking B.Fallen broken C.fell break
11.It was hard to have fun with a serious storm_______outside.
A.happening B.happened C.does
12.Although she also felt sad______ with certain toys.
A.parting B.to part C.part
13.Have you ever thought about _____a yard sale_______your things.
A.to have sell B.having to sell C.having selling
特殊疑问词+to do,C选项没主语
A
是with的宾语,with不能丢掉
B
C
已经倒的树,已经破坏的窗户,用过去分词作定语
+doing
B
A
B
with表伴随,一个严重的暴
风雨正在发生,用现在分词
B
系动词+adj后大多+to do
介词+doing
二空儿,不定式表目的
14.It’s also a good place ________your English.
A.practicing B.to practice C.practiced
15.Naismith created a game ___________ inside on a hard floor.
A.be played B.to play C.to be played
16.Toys are not the only things______in China.
A.be made B.to make C.made
17.The teacher ______ with headmaster is my teacher.
A.to talk B.talking C.talked
18.Did you hurt yourself_______soccer
A.playing B.play C.to play
19.As a mountain climber,Aron is used to______risks.
A.take B.takes C.taking
20.His knife was used to_____half his right arm.
A.cutting off B.cut off C.cuts off
动词不定式作后置定语.
B
动词不定式作后置定语,
被玩的游戏
C
C
现在分词作定语,正在和校长谈话的
动词过去分词作定语,被中国制造的东西
B
A
C
动词的现在分词作时间状语
B
习惯于,to是介词
被用作做某事+do
21.Teachers warned us ________run in the hallways.
A.not to B.didn’t C.to not
22.Do you mind_______ Tv
A.not to watch B.not watching C.don’t watch
23.Please pay attention to______correctly when you learn language.
A.pronouncing B.to pronounce C.pronounce
24.She used to______really shy and took up________to deal with her shyness.
A.doing singing B.do to sing C.do singing
25.There are many good things,like_______able to travel.
A.being B.are C.be
26.He has difficult______the competition.
A.to win B.winning C.win
27.They are always_____them with other children.
A.compare B.compared C.comparing
warn sb. to do sth.,对
不定式否定,在to前+not
A
mind doing sth,对doing否定,其前+not
B
A
过去常常做某事,+do
关注,to是介词
C
A
B
像,介词+doing
C
做某事有困难,+doing
同have trouble/problems
be always doing总是做某事
开始从事+doing
谢 谢 观 看
空谷初中英语