外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 5 A delicate world 同步练习（含原卷和解析版）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 5 A delicate world 同步练习（含原卷和解析版） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-04-16 22:09:51 | ||
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选择性必修 第二册 Unit 5 同步练习
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
New York Public Library
(212) 340－0863
It was set up in 1895, when it got a big donation from the company, the Tilden Trust, which was created：in 1887.This beautiful library is next to Bryant Park.Everyone is welcome to read books there without charge.The reading rooms allow readers to charge their phones.There's a computer lab with free wi fi and a small café.It's the second biggest public library in the US.
The Morgan Library&Museum
(212) 685－0008
Designed by Charles McKim, it's a complex of buildings in the heart of New York City.It was built in 1906 to house the private library of J．P.Morgan (1837－1913)，a great collector of art，books and other historic documents.He was also a successful American financier and banker, making great contributions to the United States' development.
Poets House
(212) 431－7920
Founded in 1985, Poets House, a national literary center and poetry library, has created a home for all who read and write poetry.From 1990 to 2007, that home lay in a quiet place at 72 Spring Street in SoHo.As rent increased, it began to make SoHo an impractical location.It moved to a rent free building and in 2009 Poets House moved to its permanent home at Ten River Terrace in Battery Park City.
New York Mulberry Street Branch Library
(212) 966－3424
Set up in 2007, it lies at the site of a former chocolate factory.The Branch entrance is located at ground level, and two other floors are located below ground.There's natural light downstairs.Designed with respect to the building's infrastructure (基础设施) and history, the library features new materials of wood and metal which provide a striking contrast (巨大的区别) to the existing structure of brick, cast iron, and heavy timber beams (木质梁).
1．What can we learn about the New York Public Library
A.It lies in the beautiful Bryant Park.
B.It's the second largest library in the world.
C.It offers some quite thoughtful services.
D.It has got many donations from the public.
2．Why was Poets House moved from 72 Spring Street in SoHo
A.To avoid urban noise.
B.To reduce the expense.
C.To attract more readers.
D.To seek beautiful surroundings.
3．Which of the following has the longest history
A.Poets House.
B.The Morgan Library & Museum.
C.New York Public Library.
D.New York Mulberry Street Branch Library.
B
Each time a new scary movie comes out，I will expect a call from my teenage siblings(兄弟姐妹).It doesn't take much for a trailer (预告片) to capture their imagination — especially if the movie involves characters of their age, their thought about the plot or the monster always leads to their asking, “So, can we go to see the movie？”
If it is reasonably age appropriate, the answer is usually yes.Plenty of my childhood memories are defined by the sinking feeling of fear prior to the monster, alien or murderer leaping from the shadows.I used to look at the screen through a cage of fingers, and it is charming to watch my little sister now do the same.
The adult instinct (本能) is to protect the younger generations from the shock of terror, but this is such a missed opportunity.There is great pleasure in feeling truly scared, and the occasional shock of terror probably won't cause damage.If anything, it's a chance to practice managing the unpleasant feelings caused by challenging content.Fear has always been a part of the human experience, and these stories are designed to help us to cope with it.Kids should be allowed to explore stories that make them ill at ease, confused and afraid.Reality may be scarier than fiction for many kids, and finding relatable characters can teach them more about dealing with hardships than any motivational people or thing can.
Obviously, there should be limits.No one should be forced to watch anything that distresses them and there are some levels of violence that take it too far for young audiences.It is worth seriously evaluating the content to make sure no one is mentally hurt.Besides, not all scary movies are created equal, with many of them being painfully stupid.
4．What can we learn about the author and his siblings
A.They are good at constructing movie plots.
B.They have a preference for scary movies.
C.They often use their imagination in life.
D.They like to star in various movies.
5．What does the author mean by saying “this is such a missed opportunity”？
A.That he failed to bring the young into safety.
B.That he suffered from shock of terror at times.
C.That he considered feeling scared beneficial in a way.
D.That he missed preventing some children facing danger.
6．What does the author try to tell us in the last paragraph
A.Scary movies should be limited.
B.The young should watch fewer scary movies.
C.The content of scary movies should be regulated.
D.Scary movies should include some equal content.
7．What's the best title for the text
A.Why Kids Go to the Cinema
B.What Reality Means to Kids
C.How Kids Define Their Memories
D.How Seeing Scary Movies Affects Kids
C
Researchers from the Water, Peace and Security partnership (WPS) have announced the creation of a global forecasting tool that can predict where conflicts arising from water insecurity are most likely to break out.The tool uses artificial intelligence to create patterns from a wide range of geographical and socioeconomic data and can identify potential conflict hotspots up to a year in advance.
Susanne Schmeier, a senior lecturer at IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, which leads the WPS, explains that predicting these types of conflicts isn't as simple as it might first appear.It isn't just a case of conflicts increasing every time a water security incident occurs.Several regional and cultural factors also play a part in making the prediction rather stiff．
The researchers gave a test run to the AI tool in Mali.They found that it successfully predicted more than three quarters of the water related conflicts there.To achieve this, the tool was fed with a variety of data.“First there's the natural side of things rainfall, evaporation (蒸发), soil moisture and so on，” explains Schmeier.This enables it to identify areas where availability of water is likely to become a concern.
“Then we also look at vulnerability (脆弱性) in terms of socio economic and political development in a region，” she adds.This additional information is weighed up to determine whether water insecurity increases or decreases the chance of conflict.Other factors might include whether water insecurity is likely to affect crops.
The tool is just one part of the WPS project that aims to increase the availability of information which could help avoid water related conflicts.Once artificial intelligence has made its predictions, the WPS researchers will try to find out exactly what's driving water insecurity.This might be decreased rainfall, increased population, or something else.
The designers are now undergoing final tests of the new AI tool to make sure it's ready for further use.Once widely available, Schmeier hopes that it will be used by local governments and also by international organizations with an interest in maintaining global stability.
8．What is the purpose of inventing the global forecasting tool
A.To find the possible causes of water insecurity.
B.To collect geographical and socioeconomic data.
C.To study the exact location of potential water insecurity.
D.To figure out the relationship between conflicts and water insecurity.
9．What does the underlined word “stiff' in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Difficult. B．Doubtful.
C.Unreliable. D．Unbelievable
10．What does the author try to convey in Paragraph 5
A.Water related conflicts will disappear soon.
B.Artificial intelligence does well in predicting.
C.The cause of water insecurity is still unknown.
D.The WPS project aims to solve water problems.
11．How does Schmeier find the research
A.Costly. B．Hopeful.
C.Concerned. D．Meaningless.
D
In 2017, the US produced over 35 million tons of plastic waste, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.If you want to reduce your contribution to the problem of plastic pollution, recycling might seem like an easy solution.
Unfortunately, the outcome isn't as satisfactory as many people think.Of all the waste produced in 2017, only 8.4% of it eventually got recycled, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.A recent report released by Greenpeace surveyed the United States' 367 materials recovery facilities — the facilities that sort our recycling — and found that only plastic bottles are regularly recycled.The fate of most other types of plastic is usually a landfill.
If you turn over a clear plastic bottle, you'll notice a number from 1 to 7 with different meaning.The number “1” means it's made of a material called PET.Opaque (不透明的) plastic containers, like those that hold milk, get a “2”，meaning they're made of a material called HDPE.At materials recovery facilities, or MRFs, plastics get sorted based on these numbers (they go up to 7).Numbers 1 and 2 are relatively recyclable, said Kara Pochiro, communications director for the Association of Plastic Recyclers.
Recycling gets more complicated with other numbers that mean “mixed plastics”， Pochiro said.This waste makes up around 69% of all the plastics we use, according to the Greenpeace report.It's much more expensive and energy intensive to process plastics with numbers higher than 1 and 2.In the past, many recycling facilities would export mixed plastics, often to China.But two years ago, China banned the import of foreign plastic waste.Recycling facilities had to try to find a new market, but many failed.
In Los Angeles, recycling facilities still won't process any plastics with numbers higher than 2.Instead, MRFs are dumping them in landfills, The Guardian reported last year.“What the United States needs to do is process other kinds of plastic，” Pochiro said.But another researcher, John Hocevar, a marine biologist with Greenpeace USA, comes up with a different solution — the really simple answer is that we have to stop making so many throwaway plastics.
12．Why does the author say “the outcome isn't as satisfactory as many people think”？
A.Because it is difficult to sort plastics.
B.Because people rely heavily on plastics.
C.Because the recycling is far from enough.
D.Because Greenpeace's standard is too high.
13．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The material of various plastic items.
B.The way of sorting different plastics.
C.The structure of some kinds of plastics.
D.The meaning of the number on plastic products.
14．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A.It's difficult to handle mixed plastics.
B.China can meet its own demand for plastics.
C.It's hard to recycle numbers 1 and 2 plastics.
D.China is good at dealing with mixed plastics.
15．What is the most urgent thing according to John Hocevar
A.Working out more solutions to plastic waste.
B.Avoiding producing unrecyclable plastics.
C.Stopping dumping plastics into landfills.
D.Processing more mixed plastic.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Adaptive communication is a form of communication which is designed for someone's needs and abilities.Many people are most familiar and comfortable with spoken communication.__16__ Providing those people with adaptive communication can give them a sense of independence.
One form of adaptive communication which people may be familiar with is sign language.__17__ Sign language is also used by people with speech impairments or cognitive impairments, such as stroke victims who have trouble speaking.
__18__ Chatting online, for example, is a form of this type of communication, which can be used to generate electronic voices.Chatting online also allows the users to select images which represent concepts to communicate.
People may design their own communication systems.They work with family members, friends, and assistants to develop a system which is comfortable for them.__19__ Drawing, pointing to images, and many other techniques are also widely used.
The important thing to keep in mind is that adaptive communication can be adjusted to meet the needs of the individual.What's more, taking time to create a communication system can open doors for people who have trouble communicating because people who can't speak are not often treated well generally.__20__
A.Physical gestures are the most common forms of the system.
B.Learning adaptive communication can be challenging for most people.
C.It is used by people who have difficulty hearing, or are unable to speak.
D.Likewise, communication skills play an important role in communicating with others.
E.Adaptive communication can include computer programs to help people communicate.
F.However, it is not always a choice for people who suffer from brain injuries and so forth.
G.Anyway, helped by adaptive communication, most people will at least try to communicate.
选择性必修 第二册 Unit 5 同步练习
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
New York Public Library
(212) 340－0863
It was set up in 1895, when it got a big donation from the company, the Tilden Trust, which was created：in 1887.This beautiful library is next to Bryant Park.Everyone is welcome to read books there without charge.The reading rooms allow readers to charge their phones.There's a computer lab with free wi fi and a small café.It's the second biggest public library in the US.
The Morgan Library&Museum
(212) 685－0008
Designed by Charles McKim, it's a complex of buildings in the heart of New York City.It was built in 1906 to house the private library of J．P.Morgan (1837－1913)，a great collector of art，books and other historic documents.He was also a successful American financier and banker, making great contributions to the United States' development.
Poets House
(212) 431－7920
Founded in 1985, Poets House, a national literary center and poetry library, has created a home for all who read and write poetry.From 1990 to 2007, that home lay in a quiet place at 72 Spring Street in SoHo.As rent increased, it began to make SoHo an impractical location.It moved to a rent free building and in 2009 Poets House moved to its permanent home at Ten River Terrace in Battery Park City.
New York Mulberry Street Branch Library
(212) 966－3424
Set up in 2007, it lies at the site of a former chocolate factory.The Branch entrance is located at ground level, and two other floors are located below ground.There's natural light downstairs.Designed with respect to the building's infrastructure (基础设施) and history, the library features new materials of wood and metal which provide a striking contrast (巨大的区别) to the existing structure of brick, cast iron, and heavy timber beams (木质梁).
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国纽约的四个图书馆。
1．What can we learn about the New York Public Library
A.It lies in the beautiful Bryant Park.
B.It's the second largest library in the world.
C.It offers some quite thoughtful services.
D.It has got many donations from the public.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据New York Public Library部分的“without charge ...allow readers to charge their phones.There's a computer lab with free wi fi and a small café.”可知，New York Public Library给读者提供了很贴心的服务。
2．Why was Poets House moved from 72 Spring Street in SoHo
A.To avoid urban noise.
B.To reduce the expense.
C.To attract more readers.
D.To seek beautiful surroundings.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据Poets House部分的“As rent increased ...”和“It moved to a rent free building ...”可知，Poets House的迁址是为了减少开支。
3．Which of the following has the longest history
A.Poets House.
B.The Morgan Library & Museum.
C.New York Public Library.
D.New York Mulberry Street Branch Library.
解析：选C 推理判断题。比较文中提到的各图书馆的建造时间可知答案。
B
Each time a new scary movie comes out，I will expect a call from my teenage siblings(兄弟姐妹).It doesn't take much for a trailer (预告片) to capture their imagination — especially if the movie involves characters of their age, their thought about the plot or the monster always leads to their asking, “So, can we go to see the movie？”
If it is reasonably age appropriate, the answer is usually yes.Plenty of my childhood memories are defined by the sinking feeling of fear prior to the monster, alien or murderer leaping from the shadows.I used to look at the screen through a cage of fingers, and it is charming to watch my little sister now do the same.
The adult instinct (本能) is to protect the younger generations from the shock of terror, but this is such a missed opportunity.There is great pleasure in feeling truly scared, and the occasional shock of terror probably won't cause damage.If anything, it's a chance to practice managing the unpleasant feelings caused by challenging content.Fear has always been a part of the human experience, and these stories are designed to help us to cope with it.Kids should be allowed to explore stories that make them ill at ease, confused and afraid.Reality may be scarier than fiction for many kids, and finding relatable characters can teach them more about dealing with hardships than any motivational people or thing can.
Obviously, there should be limits.No one should be forced to watch anything that distresses them and there are some levels of violence that take it too far for young audiences.It is worth seriously evaluating the content to make sure no one is mentally hurt.Besides, not all scary movies are created equal, with many of them being painfully stupid.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了观看恐怖电影对孩子的成长有益，但不是所有的恐怖电影都适合孩子观看。
4．What can we learn about the author and his siblings
A.They are good at constructing movie plots.
B.They have a preference for scary movies.
C.They often use their imagination in life.
D.They like to star in various movies.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Each time a new scary movie comes out, I will expect a call ...to capture their imagination”可知，作者和他的兄弟姐妹都喜欢看恐怖电影。
5．What does the author mean by saying “this is such a missed opportunity”？
A.That he failed to bring the young into safety.
B.That he suffered from shock of terror at times.
C.That he considered feeling scared beneficial in a way.
D.That he missed preventing some children facing danger.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段“great pleasure in feeling truly scared ...won't cause damage ...Fear has always been a part of the human experience ...Reality may be scarier ...dealing with hardships”可知答案。
6．What does the author try to tell us in the last paragraph
A.Scary movies should be limited.
B.The young should watch fewer scary movies.
C.The content of scary movies should be regulated.
D.Scary movies should include some equal content.
解析：选C 推理判断题。最后一段主要介绍了恐怖电影对孩子们的影响，并结合“It is worth seriously evaluating the content to make sure no one is mentally hurt.”可知答案。
7．What's the best title for the text
A.Why Kids Go to the Cinema
B.What Reality Means to Kids
C.How Kids Define Their Memories
D.How Seeing Scary Movies Affects Kids
解析：选D 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了孩子们观看恐怖电影的利弊，故文章主要讲述了观看恐怖电影如何影响孩子的身心健康，D项作本文标题最佳。
C
Researchers from the Water, Peace and Security partnership (WPS) have announced the creation of a global forecasting tool that can predict where conflicts arising from water insecurity are most likely to break out.The tool uses artificial intelligence to create patterns from a wide range of geographical and socioeconomic data and can identify potential conflict hotspots up to a year in advance.
Susanne Schmeier, a senior lecturer at IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, which leads the WPS, explains that predicting these types of conflicts isn't as simple as it might first appear.It isn't just a case of conflicts increasing every time a water security incident occurs.Several regional and cultural factors also play a part in making the prediction rather stiff．
The researchers gave a test run to the AI tool in Mali.They found that it successfully predicted more than three quarters of the water related conflicts there.To achieve this, the tool was fed with a variety of data.“First there's the natural side of things rainfall, evaporation (蒸发), soil moisture and so on，” explains Schmeier.This enables it to identify areas where availability of water is likely to become a concern.
“Then we also look at vulnerability (脆弱性) in terms of socio economic and political development in a region，” she adds.This additional information is weighed up to determine whether water insecurity increases or decreases the chance of conflict.Other factors might include whether water insecurity is likely to affect crops.
The tool is just one part of the WPS project that aims to increase the availability of information which could help avoid water related conflicts.Once artificial intelligence has made its predictions, the WPS researchers will try to find out exactly what's driving water insecurity.This might be decreased rainfall, increased population, or something else.
The designers are now undergoing final tests of the new AI tool to make sure it's ready for further use.Once widely available, Schmeier hopes that it will be used by local governments and also by international organizations with an interest in maintaining global stability.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种人工智能全球预测系统，使用该系统或许可以避免因水问题引起的地区冲突。
8．What is the purpose of inventing the global forecasting tool
A.To find the possible causes of water insecurity.
B.To collect geographical and socioeconomic data.
C.To study the exact location of potential water insecurity.
D.To figure out the relationship between conflicts and water insecurity.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“a global forecasting tool that can predict where conflicts arising from water insecurity are most likely to break out”可知答案。
9．What does the underlined word “stiff' in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Difficult. B．Doubtful.
C.Unreliable. D．Unbelievable
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“predicting these types of conflicts isn't as simple as it might first appear”及画线词所在句中的“also play a part”可知，此处表示其他因素也使得预测很困难，画线词意为“困难的”，与A项词义相近。
10．What does the author try to convey in Paragraph 5
A.Water related conflicts will disappear soon.
B.Artificial intelligence does well in predicting.
C.The cause of water insecurity is still unknown.
D.The WPS project aims to solve water problems.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“the WPS researchers will try to find out exactly what's driving water insecurity”可知答案。
11．How does Schmeier find the research
A.Costly. B．Hopeful.
C.Concerned. D．Meaningless.
解析：选B 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Schmeier hopes that it will be used by local governments and also by international organizations with an interest in maintaining global stability”可知，Schmeier觉得这项研究很有希望。
D
In 2017, the US produced over 35 million tons of plastic waste, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.If you want to reduce your contribution to the problem of plastic pollution, recycling might seem like an easy solution.
Unfortunately, the outcome isn't as satisfactory as many people think.Of all the waste produced in 2017, only 8.4% of it eventually got recycled, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.A recent report released by Greenpeace surveyed the United States' 367 materials recovery facilities — the facilities that sort our recycling — and found that only plastic bottles are regularly recycled.The fate of most other types of plastic is usually a landfill.
If you turn over a clear plastic bottle, you'll notice a number from 1 to 7 with different meaning.The number “1” means it's made of a material called PET.Opaque (不透明的) plastic containers, like those that hold milk, get a “2”，meaning they're made of a material called HDPE.At materials recovery facilities, or MRFs, plastics get sorted based on these numbers (they go up to 7).Numbers 1 and 2 are relatively recyclable, said Kara Pochiro, communications director for the Association of Plastic Recyclers.
Recycling gets more complicated with other numbers that mean “mixed plastics”， Pochiro said.This waste makes up around 69% of all the plastics we use, according to the Greenpeace report.It's much more expensive and energy intensive to process plastics with numbers higher than 1 and 2.In the past, many recycling facilities would export mixed plastics, often to China.But two years ago, China banned the import of foreign plastic waste.Recycling facilities had to try to find a new market, but many failed.
In Los Angeles, recycling facilities still won't process any plastics with numbers higher than 2.Instead, MRFs are dumping them in landfills, The Guardian reported last year.“What the United States needs to do is process other kinds of plastic，” Pochiro said.But another researcher, John Hocevar, a marine biologist with Greenpeace USA, comes up with a different solution — the really simple answer is that we have to stop making so many throwaway plastics.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人们每天都在生产大量的塑料垃圾，但是回收这些垃圾却是一件令人头疼的事情。
12．Why does the author say “the outcome isn't as satisfactory as many people think”？
A.Because it is difficult to sort plastics.
B.Because people rely heavily on plastics.
C.Because the recycling is far from enough.
D.Because Greenpeace's standard is too high.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“only plastic bottles are regularly recycled”可知，回收利用的塑料垃圾太少。
13．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The material of various plastic items.
B.The way of sorting different plastics.
C.The structure of some kinds of plastics.
D.The meaning of the number on plastic products.
解析：选D 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“you'll notice a number from 1 to 7 with different meaning”可知，第三段主要讲的是塑料制品上面的数字代表不同的意义。
14．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A.It's difficult to handle mixed plastics.
B.China can meet its own demand for plastics.
C.It's hard to recycle numbers 1 and 2 plastics.
D.China is good at dealing with mixed plastics.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第四段“Recycling gets more complicated with other numbers that mean ‘mixed plastics’．..It's much more expensive and energy intensive to process”可知，处理这类垃圾很困难。
15．What is the most urgent thing according to John Hocevar
A.Working out more solutions to plastic waste.
B.Avoiding producing unrecyclable plastics.
C.Stopping dumping plastics into landfills.
D.Processing more mixed plastic.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“we have to stop making so many throwaway plastics”可知答案。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Adaptive communication is a form of communication which is designed for someone's needs and abilities.Many people are most familiar and comfortable with spoken communication.__16__ Providing those people with adaptive communication can give them a sense of independence.
One form of adaptive communication which people may be familiar with is sign language.__17__ Sign language is also used by people with speech impairments or cognitive impairments, such as stroke victims who have trouble speaking.
__18__ Chatting online, for example, is a form of this type of communication, which can be used to generate electronic voices.Chatting online also allows the users to select images which represent concepts to communicate.
People may design their own communication systems.They work with family members, friends, and assistants to develop a system which is comfortable for them.__19__ Drawing, pointing to images, and many other techniques are also widely used.
The important thing to keep in mind is that adaptive communication can be adjusted to meet the needs of the individual.What's more, taking time to create a communication system can open doors for people who have trouble communicating because people who can't speak are not often treated well generally.__20__
A.Physical gestures are the most common forms of the system.
B.Learning adaptive communication can be challenging for most people.
C.It is used by people who have difficulty hearing, or are unable to speak.
D.Likewise, communication skills play an important role in communicating with others.
E.Adaptive communication can include computer programs to help people communicate.
F.However, it is not always a choice for people who suffer from brain injuries and so forth.
G.Anyway, helped by adaptive communication, most people will at least try to communicate.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自适应交流方式及功能。
16．选F 此项与上文存在转折和指代关系，说明对于脑部损伤的人来说这通常不是很好的选择，其中it指代“spoken communication”。
17．选C 根据后文Sign language is also used ...可知，C项结构与之相符且符合上下文语境。
18．选E 此项是本段的主题句，总领该段内容，讲述了通过电脑程序进行交流。
19．选A 此项与后一句对前面的内容进行解释，说明人们根据自己的要求自行设计符合自己的交流方式。
20．选G 此项总结本段内容，说明自适应交流方式的作用。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
New York Public Library
(212) 340－0863
It was set up in 1895, when it got a big donation from the company, the Tilden Trust, which was created：in 1887.This beautiful library is next to Bryant Park.Everyone is welcome to read books there without charge.The reading rooms allow readers to charge their phones.There's a computer lab with free wi fi and a small café.It's the second biggest public library in the US.
The Morgan Library&Museum
(212) 685－0008
Designed by Charles McKim, it's a complex of buildings in the heart of New York City.It was built in 1906 to house the private library of J．P.Morgan (1837－1913)，a great collector of art，books and other historic documents.He was also a successful American financier and banker, making great contributions to the United States' development.
Poets House
(212) 431－7920
Founded in 1985, Poets House, a national literary center and poetry library, has created a home for all who read and write poetry.From 1990 to 2007, that home lay in a quiet place at 72 Spring Street in SoHo.As rent increased, it began to make SoHo an impractical location.It moved to a rent free building and in 2009 Poets House moved to its permanent home at Ten River Terrace in Battery Park City.
New York Mulberry Street Branch Library
(212) 966－3424
Set up in 2007, it lies at the site of a former chocolate factory.The Branch entrance is located at ground level, and two other floors are located below ground.There's natural light downstairs.Designed with respect to the building's infrastructure (基础设施) and history, the library features new materials of wood and metal which provide a striking contrast (巨大的区别) to the existing structure of brick, cast iron, and heavy timber beams (木质梁).
1．What can we learn about the New York Public Library
A.It lies in the beautiful Bryant Park.
B.It's the second largest library in the world.
C.It offers some quite thoughtful services.
D.It has got many donations from the public.
2．Why was Poets House moved from 72 Spring Street in SoHo
A.To avoid urban noise.
B.To reduce the expense.
C.To attract more readers.
D.To seek beautiful surroundings.
3．Which of the following has the longest history
A.Poets House.
B.The Morgan Library & Museum.
C.New York Public Library.
D.New York Mulberry Street Branch Library.
B
Each time a new scary movie comes out，I will expect a call from my teenage siblings(兄弟姐妹).It doesn't take much for a trailer (预告片) to capture their imagination — especially if the movie involves characters of their age, their thought about the plot or the monster always leads to their asking, “So, can we go to see the movie？”
If it is reasonably age appropriate, the answer is usually yes.Plenty of my childhood memories are defined by the sinking feeling of fear prior to the monster, alien or murderer leaping from the shadows.I used to look at the screen through a cage of fingers, and it is charming to watch my little sister now do the same.
The adult instinct (本能) is to protect the younger generations from the shock of terror, but this is such a missed opportunity.There is great pleasure in feeling truly scared, and the occasional shock of terror probably won't cause damage.If anything, it's a chance to practice managing the unpleasant feelings caused by challenging content.Fear has always been a part of the human experience, and these stories are designed to help us to cope with it.Kids should be allowed to explore stories that make them ill at ease, confused and afraid.Reality may be scarier than fiction for many kids, and finding relatable characters can teach them more about dealing with hardships than any motivational people or thing can.
Obviously, there should be limits.No one should be forced to watch anything that distresses them and there are some levels of violence that take it too far for young audiences.It is worth seriously evaluating the content to make sure no one is mentally hurt.Besides, not all scary movies are created equal, with many of them being painfully stupid.
4．What can we learn about the author and his siblings
A.They are good at constructing movie plots.
B.They have a preference for scary movies.
C.They often use their imagination in life.
D.They like to star in various movies.
5．What does the author mean by saying “this is such a missed opportunity”？
A.That he failed to bring the young into safety.
B.That he suffered from shock of terror at times.
C.That he considered feeling scared beneficial in a way.
D.That he missed preventing some children facing danger.
6．What does the author try to tell us in the last paragraph
A.Scary movies should be limited.
B.The young should watch fewer scary movies.
C.The content of scary movies should be regulated.
D.Scary movies should include some equal content.
7．What's the best title for the text
A.Why Kids Go to the Cinema
B.What Reality Means to Kids
C.How Kids Define Their Memories
D.How Seeing Scary Movies Affects Kids
C
Researchers from the Water, Peace and Security partnership (WPS) have announced the creation of a global forecasting tool that can predict where conflicts arising from water insecurity are most likely to break out.The tool uses artificial intelligence to create patterns from a wide range of geographical and socioeconomic data and can identify potential conflict hotspots up to a year in advance.
Susanne Schmeier, a senior lecturer at IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, which leads the WPS, explains that predicting these types of conflicts isn't as simple as it might first appear.It isn't just a case of conflicts increasing every time a water security incident occurs.Several regional and cultural factors also play a part in making the prediction rather stiff．
The researchers gave a test run to the AI tool in Mali.They found that it successfully predicted more than three quarters of the water related conflicts there.To achieve this, the tool was fed with a variety of data.“First there's the natural side of things rainfall, evaporation (蒸发), soil moisture and so on，” explains Schmeier.This enables it to identify areas where availability of water is likely to become a concern.
“Then we also look at vulnerability (脆弱性) in terms of socio economic and political development in a region，” she adds.This additional information is weighed up to determine whether water insecurity increases or decreases the chance of conflict.Other factors might include whether water insecurity is likely to affect crops.
The tool is just one part of the WPS project that aims to increase the availability of information which could help avoid water related conflicts.Once artificial intelligence has made its predictions, the WPS researchers will try to find out exactly what's driving water insecurity.This might be decreased rainfall, increased population, or something else.
The designers are now undergoing final tests of the new AI tool to make sure it's ready for further use.Once widely available, Schmeier hopes that it will be used by local governments and also by international organizations with an interest in maintaining global stability.
8．What is the purpose of inventing the global forecasting tool
A.To find the possible causes of water insecurity.
B.To collect geographical and socioeconomic data.
C.To study the exact location of potential water insecurity.
D.To figure out the relationship between conflicts and water insecurity.
9．What does the underlined word “stiff' in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Difficult. B．Doubtful.
C.Unreliable. D．Unbelievable
10．What does the author try to convey in Paragraph 5
A.Water related conflicts will disappear soon.
B.Artificial intelligence does well in predicting.
C.The cause of water insecurity is still unknown.
D.The WPS project aims to solve water problems.
11．How does Schmeier find the research
A.Costly. B．Hopeful.
C.Concerned. D．Meaningless.
D
In 2017, the US produced over 35 million tons of plastic waste, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.If you want to reduce your contribution to the problem of plastic pollution, recycling might seem like an easy solution.
Unfortunately, the outcome isn't as satisfactory as many people think.Of all the waste produced in 2017, only 8.4% of it eventually got recycled, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.A recent report released by Greenpeace surveyed the United States' 367 materials recovery facilities — the facilities that sort our recycling — and found that only plastic bottles are regularly recycled.The fate of most other types of plastic is usually a landfill.
If you turn over a clear plastic bottle, you'll notice a number from 1 to 7 with different meaning.The number “1” means it's made of a material called PET.Opaque (不透明的) plastic containers, like those that hold milk, get a “2”，meaning they're made of a material called HDPE.At materials recovery facilities, or MRFs, plastics get sorted based on these numbers (they go up to 7).Numbers 1 and 2 are relatively recyclable, said Kara Pochiro, communications director for the Association of Plastic Recyclers.
Recycling gets more complicated with other numbers that mean “mixed plastics”， Pochiro said.This waste makes up around 69% of all the plastics we use, according to the Greenpeace report.It's much more expensive and energy intensive to process plastics with numbers higher than 1 and 2.In the past, many recycling facilities would export mixed plastics, often to China.But two years ago, China banned the import of foreign plastic waste.Recycling facilities had to try to find a new market, but many failed.
In Los Angeles, recycling facilities still won't process any plastics with numbers higher than 2.Instead, MRFs are dumping them in landfills, The Guardian reported last year.“What the United States needs to do is process other kinds of plastic，” Pochiro said.But another researcher, John Hocevar, a marine biologist with Greenpeace USA, comes up with a different solution — the really simple answer is that we have to stop making so many throwaway plastics.
12．Why does the author say “the outcome isn't as satisfactory as many people think”？
A.Because it is difficult to sort plastics.
B.Because people rely heavily on plastics.
C.Because the recycling is far from enough.
D.Because Greenpeace's standard is too high.
13．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The material of various plastic items.
B.The way of sorting different plastics.
C.The structure of some kinds of plastics.
D.The meaning of the number on plastic products.
14．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A.It's difficult to handle mixed plastics.
B.China can meet its own demand for plastics.
C.It's hard to recycle numbers 1 and 2 plastics.
D.China is good at dealing with mixed plastics.
15．What is the most urgent thing according to John Hocevar
A.Working out more solutions to plastic waste.
B.Avoiding producing unrecyclable plastics.
C.Stopping dumping plastics into landfills.
D.Processing more mixed plastic.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Adaptive communication is a form of communication which is designed for someone's needs and abilities.Many people are most familiar and comfortable with spoken communication.__16__ Providing those people with adaptive communication can give them a sense of independence.
One form of adaptive communication which people may be familiar with is sign language.__17__ Sign language is also used by people with speech impairments or cognitive impairments, such as stroke victims who have trouble speaking.
__18__ Chatting online, for example, is a form of this type of communication, which can be used to generate electronic voices.Chatting online also allows the users to select images which represent concepts to communicate.
People may design their own communication systems.They work with family members, friends, and assistants to develop a system which is comfortable for them.__19__ Drawing, pointing to images, and many other techniques are also widely used.
The important thing to keep in mind is that adaptive communication can be adjusted to meet the needs of the individual.What's more, taking time to create a communication system can open doors for people who have trouble communicating because people who can't speak are not often treated well generally.__20__
A.Physical gestures are the most common forms of the system.
B.Learning adaptive communication can be challenging for most people.
C.It is used by people who have difficulty hearing, or are unable to speak.
D.Likewise, communication skills play an important role in communicating with others.
E.Adaptive communication can include computer programs to help people communicate.
F.However, it is not always a choice for people who suffer from brain injuries and so forth.
G.Anyway, helped by adaptive communication, most people will at least try to communicate.
选择性必修 第二册 Unit 5 同步练习
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
New York Public Library
(212) 340－0863
It was set up in 1895, when it got a big donation from the company, the Tilden Trust, which was created：in 1887.This beautiful library is next to Bryant Park.Everyone is welcome to read books there without charge.The reading rooms allow readers to charge their phones.There's a computer lab with free wi fi and a small café.It's the second biggest public library in the US.
The Morgan Library&Museum
(212) 685－0008
Designed by Charles McKim, it's a complex of buildings in the heart of New York City.It was built in 1906 to house the private library of J．P.Morgan (1837－1913)，a great collector of art，books and other historic documents.He was also a successful American financier and banker, making great contributions to the United States' development.
Poets House
(212) 431－7920
Founded in 1985, Poets House, a national literary center and poetry library, has created a home for all who read and write poetry.From 1990 to 2007, that home lay in a quiet place at 72 Spring Street in SoHo.As rent increased, it began to make SoHo an impractical location.It moved to a rent free building and in 2009 Poets House moved to its permanent home at Ten River Terrace in Battery Park City.
New York Mulberry Street Branch Library
(212) 966－3424
Set up in 2007, it lies at the site of a former chocolate factory.The Branch entrance is located at ground level, and two other floors are located below ground.There's natural light downstairs.Designed with respect to the building's infrastructure (基础设施) and history, the library features new materials of wood and metal which provide a striking contrast (巨大的区别) to the existing structure of brick, cast iron, and heavy timber beams (木质梁).
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国纽约的四个图书馆。
1．What can we learn about the New York Public Library
A.It lies in the beautiful Bryant Park.
B.It's the second largest library in the world.
C.It offers some quite thoughtful services.
D.It has got many donations from the public.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据New York Public Library部分的“without charge ...allow readers to charge their phones.There's a computer lab with free wi fi and a small café.”可知，New York Public Library给读者提供了很贴心的服务。
2．Why was Poets House moved from 72 Spring Street in SoHo
A.To avoid urban noise.
B.To reduce the expense.
C.To attract more readers.
D.To seek beautiful surroundings.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据Poets House部分的“As rent increased ...”和“It moved to a rent free building ...”可知，Poets House的迁址是为了减少开支。
3．Which of the following has the longest history
A.Poets House.
B.The Morgan Library & Museum.
C.New York Public Library.
D.New York Mulberry Street Branch Library.
解析：选C 推理判断题。比较文中提到的各图书馆的建造时间可知答案。
B
Each time a new scary movie comes out，I will expect a call from my teenage siblings(兄弟姐妹).It doesn't take much for a trailer (预告片) to capture their imagination — especially if the movie involves characters of their age, their thought about the plot or the monster always leads to their asking, “So, can we go to see the movie？”
If it is reasonably age appropriate, the answer is usually yes.Plenty of my childhood memories are defined by the sinking feeling of fear prior to the monster, alien or murderer leaping from the shadows.I used to look at the screen through a cage of fingers, and it is charming to watch my little sister now do the same.
The adult instinct (本能) is to protect the younger generations from the shock of terror, but this is such a missed opportunity.There is great pleasure in feeling truly scared, and the occasional shock of terror probably won't cause damage.If anything, it's a chance to practice managing the unpleasant feelings caused by challenging content.Fear has always been a part of the human experience, and these stories are designed to help us to cope with it.Kids should be allowed to explore stories that make them ill at ease, confused and afraid.Reality may be scarier than fiction for many kids, and finding relatable characters can teach them more about dealing with hardships than any motivational people or thing can.
Obviously, there should be limits.No one should be forced to watch anything that distresses them and there are some levels of violence that take it too far for young audiences.It is worth seriously evaluating the content to make sure no one is mentally hurt.Besides, not all scary movies are created equal, with many of them being painfully stupid.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了观看恐怖电影对孩子的成长有益，但不是所有的恐怖电影都适合孩子观看。
4．What can we learn about the author and his siblings
A.They are good at constructing movie plots.
B.They have a preference for scary movies.
C.They often use their imagination in life.
D.They like to star in various movies.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段“Each time a new scary movie comes out, I will expect a call ...to capture their imagination”可知，作者和他的兄弟姐妹都喜欢看恐怖电影。
5．What does the author mean by saying “this is such a missed opportunity”？
A.That he failed to bring the young into safety.
B.That he suffered from shock of terror at times.
C.That he considered feeling scared beneficial in a way.
D.That he missed preventing some children facing danger.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第三段“great pleasure in feeling truly scared ...won't cause damage ...Fear has always been a part of the human experience ...Reality may be scarier ...dealing with hardships”可知答案。
6．What does the author try to tell us in the last paragraph
A.Scary movies should be limited.
B.The young should watch fewer scary movies.
C.The content of scary movies should be regulated.
D.Scary movies should include some equal content.
解析：选C 推理判断题。最后一段主要介绍了恐怖电影对孩子们的影响，并结合“It is worth seriously evaluating the content to make sure no one is mentally hurt.”可知答案。
7．What's the best title for the text
A.Why Kids Go to the Cinema
B.What Reality Means to Kids
C.How Kids Define Their Memories
D.How Seeing Scary Movies Affects Kids
解析：选D 标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了孩子们观看恐怖电影的利弊，故文章主要讲述了观看恐怖电影如何影响孩子的身心健康，D项作本文标题最佳。
C
Researchers from the Water, Peace and Security partnership (WPS) have announced the creation of a global forecasting tool that can predict where conflicts arising from water insecurity are most likely to break out.The tool uses artificial intelligence to create patterns from a wide range of geographical and socioeconomic data and can identify potential conflict hotspots up to a year in advance.
Susanne Schmeier, a senior lecturer at IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, which leads the WPS, explains that predicting these types of conflicts isn't as simple as it might first appear.It isn't just a case of conflicts increasing every time a water security incident occurs.Several regional and cultural factors also play a part in making the prediction rather stiff．
The researchers gave a test run to the AI tool in Mali.They found that it successfully predicted more than three quarters of the water related conflicts there.To achieve this, the tool was fed with a variety of data.“First there's the natural side of things rainfall, evaporation (蒸发), soil moisture and so on，” explains Schmeier.This enables it to identify areas where availability of water is likely to become a concern.
“Then we also look at vulnerability (脆弱性) in terms of socio economic and political development in a region，” she adds.This additional information is weighed up to determine whether water insecurity increases or decreases the chance of conflict.Other factors might include whether water insecurity is likely to affect crops.
The tool is just one part of the WPS project that aims to increase the availability of information which could help avoid water related conflicts.Once artificial intelligence has made its predictions, the WPS researchers will try to find out exactly what's driving water insecurity.This might be decreased rainfall, increased population, or something else.
The designers are now undergoing final tests of the new AI tool to make sure it's ready for further use.Once widely available, Schmeier hopes that it will be used by local governments and also by international organizations with an interest in maintaining global stability.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种人工智能全球预测系统，使用该系统或许可以避免因水问题引起的地区冲突。
8．What is the purpose of inventing the global forecasting tool
A.To find the possible causes of water insecurity.
B.To collect geographical and socioeconomic data.
C.To study the exact location of potential water insecurity.
D.To figure out the relationship between conflicts and water insecurity.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“a global forecasting tool that can predict where conflicts arising from water insecurity are most likely to break out”可知答案。
9．What does the underlined word “stiff' in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.Difficult. B．Doubtful.
C.Unreliable. D．Unbelievable
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“predicting these types of conflicts isn't as simple as it might first appear”及画线词所在句中的“also play a part”可知，此处表示其他因素也使得预测很困难，画线词意为“困难的”，与A项词义相近。
10．What does the author try to convey in Paragraph 5
A.Water related conflicts will disappear soon.
B.Artificial intelligence does well in predicting.
C.The cause of water insecurity is still unknown.
D.The WPS project aims to solve water problems.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“the WPS researchers will try to find out exactly what's driving water insecurity”可知答案。
11．How does Schmeier find the research
A.Costly. B．Hopeful.
C.Concerned. D．Meaningless.
解析：选B 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Schmeier hopes that it will be used by local governments and also by international organizations with an interest in maintaining global stability”可知，Schmeier觉得这项研究很有希望。
D
In 2017, the US produced over 35 million tons of plastic waste, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.If you want to reduce your contribution to the problem of plastic pollution, recycling might seem like an easy solution.
Unfortunately, the outcome isn't as satisfactory as many people think.Of all the waste produced in 2017, only 8.4% of it eventually got recycled, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.A recent report released by Greenpeace surveyed the United States' 367 materials recovery facilities — the facilities that sort our recycling — and found that only plastic bottles are regularly recycled.The fate of most other types of plastic is usually a landfill.
If you turn over a clear plastic bottle, you'll notice a number from 1 to 7 with different meaning.The number “1” means it's made of a material called PET.Opaque (不透明的) plastic containers, like those that hold milk, get a “2”，meaning they're made of a material called HDPE.At materials recovery facilities, or MRFs, plastics get sorted based on these numbers (they go up to 7).Numbers 1 and 2 are relatively recyclable, said Kara Pochiro, communications director for the Association of Plastic Recyclers.
Recycling gets more complicated with other numbers that mean “mixed plastics”， Pochiro said.This waste makes up around 69% of all the plastics we use, according to the Greenpeace report.It's much more expensive and energy intensive to process plastics with numbers higher than 1 and 2.In the past, many recycling facilities would export mixed plastics, often to China.But two years ago, China banned the import of foreign plastic waste.Recycling facilities had to try to find a new market, but many failed.
In Los Angeles, recycling facilities still won't process any plastics with numbers higher than 2.Instead, MRFs are dumping them in landfills, The Guardian reported last year.“What the United States needs to do is process other kinds of plastic，” Pochiro said.But another researcher, John Hocevar, a marine biologist with Greenpeace USA, comes up with a different solution — the really simple answer is that we have to stop making so many throwaway plastics.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。人们每天都在生产大量的塑料垃圾，但是回收这些垃圾却是一件令人头疼的事情。
12．Why does the author say “the outcome isn't as satisfactory as many people think”？
A.Because it is difficult to sort plastics.
B.Because people rely heavily on plastics.
C.Because the recycling is far from enough.
D.Because Greenpeace's standard is too high.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“only plastic bottles are regularly recycled”可知，回收利用的塑料垃圾太少。
13．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The material of various plastic items.
B.The way of sorting different plastics.
C.The structure of some kinds of plastics.
D.The meaning of the number on plastic products.
解析：选D 段落大意题。根据第三段中的“you'll notice a number from 1 to 7 with different meaning”可知，第三段主要讲的是塑料制品上面的数字代表不同的意义。
14．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A.It's difficult to handle mixed plastics.
B.China can meet its own demand for plastics.
C.It's hard to recycle numbers 1 and 2 plastics.
D.China is good at dealing with mixed plastics.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第四段“Recycling gets more complicated with other numbers that mean ‘mixed plastics’．..It's much more expensive and energy intensive to process”可知，处理这类垃圾很困难。
15．What is the most urgent thing according to John Hocevar
A.Working out more solutions to plastic waste.
B.Avoiding producing unrecyclable plastics.
C.Stopping dumping plastics into landfills.
D.Processing more mixed plastic.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“we have to stop making so many throwaway plastics”可知答案。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Adaptive communication is a form of communication which is designed for someone's needs and abilities.Many people are most familiar and comfortable with spoken communication.__16__ Providing those people with adaptive communication can give them a sense of independence.
One form of adaptive communication which people may be familiar with is sign language.__17__ Sign language is also used by people with speech impairments or cognitive impairments, such as stroke victims who have trouble speaking.
__18__ Chatting online, for example, is a form of this type of communication, which can be used to generate electronic voices.Chatting online also allows the users to select images which represent concepts to communicate.
People may design their own communication systems.They work with family members, friends, and assistants to develop a system which is comfortable for them.__19__ Drawing, pointing to images, and many other techniques are also widely used.
The important thing to keep in mind is that adaptive communication can be adjusted to meet the needs of the individual.What's more, taking time to create a communication system can open doors for people who have trouble communicating because people who can't speak are not often treated well generally.__20__
A.Physical gestures are the most common forms of the system.
B.Learning adaptive communication can be challenging for most people.
C.It is used by people who have difficulty hearing, or are unable to speak.
D.Likewise, communication skills play an important role in communicating with others.
E.Adaptive communication can include computer programs to help people communicate.
F.However, it is not always a choice for people who suffer from brain injuries and so forth.
G.Anyway, helped by adaptive communication, most people will at least try to communicate.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自适应交流方式及功能。
16．选F 此项与上文存在转折和指代关系，说明对于脑部损伤的人来说这通常不是很好的选择，其中it指代“spoken communication”。
17．选C 根据后文Sign language is also used ...可知，C项结构与之相符且符合上下文语境。
18．选E 此项是本段的主题句，总领该段内容，讲述了通过电脑程序进行交流。
19．选A 此项与后一句对前面的内容进行解释，说明人们根据自己的要求自行设计符合自己的交流方式。
20．选G 此项总结本段内容，说明自适应交流方式的作用。