2022届高三英语二轮复习时文阅读训练四（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2022届高三英语二轮复习时文阅读训练四（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | zip | ||
| 文件大小 | 23.3KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-04-17 10:36:38 | ||
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文档简介
时文阅读训练四
语法填空 朋友在社交媒体上发布的信息让你花更多的钱
Now, a team of American and Canadian economists have proposed a new __1___(explain) for the declining savings rate in American families , one rooted in individual psychology. Changes in the media landscape have made other people's spending more visible than ever. That, ___2__turn, is making all of us spend even more—and save even __3__(little).
Humans are social creatures. When we see other people spending money, we have a tendency
4 (believe)that we can—or should—be spending, too.
Fifty years ago, our frames of reference for our spending habits were __5__(relative) small. Now we have social media. Facebook lets us stay in touch with our rich college classmates __6__ always seem to be on vacation. We can create and share ___7__(detail) logs of the stuff we consume at places like Yelp and TripAdvisor.
The net effect of this saturation of consumptive media is that we're bombarded every day with signals to consume. "People infer that low saving 8 (be) a good idea," as the authors put it.
"To decide if you're overconsuming, make a special effort to notice when your friends do something that is frugal, such as having a staycation or holding on to their 15-year-old car," Hirshleifer, one of the __9___(author) said. "If you're going to compare ___10__(you) to others, try to make it realistic."
阅读理解 基因工程给人们带来的好处
Among all the fast growing areas of science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only can these two diseases be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span (寿命) can be prolonged.
Gene technology can help people give birth to healthy and clever children. Some families, with the British royal family being a good example, have hereditary (遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.
Some people are worrying that gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep, therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in a very normal way. Of course, the government must take care to control gene technology.
1. What does “these two killers” in the second paragraph refer to
A. Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.
B. The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.
C. The two diseases of cancer and heart disease.
D. Hereditary diseases and cancer.
2. What’s the main idea of the third paragraph
A. How gene technology can be used to treat hereditary diseases.
B. Gene technology can be used to clone human babies.
C. Gene technology can help people give birth to a baby.
D. Gene technology can help the British royal family out.
3. In what way can gene technology help to treat hereditary diseases
A. Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days.
B. Using gene technology, the scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.
C. Using gene technology, human babies can be cloned.
D. Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.
4. What is the main purpose of this passage
A. To express the writer’s idea that gene technology will benefit people.
B. To tell people the disadvantages of gene technology.
C. To tell the readers that gene technology will not benefit people.
D. To explain that gene technology will also do harm to humanity.
语法填空
In celebration of the 34th International Volunteers Day, the Beijing Organising Committee for the 2022 Olympic ___41___ (launch) its Global Recruitment of Volunteers on 5 December.
IOC (国际奥委会)President Thomas Bach delivered a video message and praised the volunteers ___42___a vital part of the Olympics preparation team. He said the Beijing 2022 Games volunteering programme would arouse public ___43___(eager) for winter sports especially among the young generation and ___44___"Beijing is making history as the first city in the world ___45___ (host) both the summer and winter editions of the Olympic Games". He encouraged everyone to be a part of this exciting chapter of Olympic history and become ___46___volunteer for Beijing 2022 Games for the experience of a lifetime.
In his video message, IPC President Andrew Parsons said that China was about to begin a new era (时期)of a wealth of ___47___(opportunity) and a new moment in history. He called on volunteers to ___48___(active) participate in the Paralympic Winter Games Beijing 2022 and witness this important moment in China’s new era.
Beijing 2022 plans to recruit 27, 000 volunteers for the Olympic Winter Games and 12, 000 for Paralympic Winter Games. These volunteers ___49___(assign) across the three competition zones of Beijing, Yanqing and Zhangjiakou, ____50____(volunteer) in 12 different areas such as international relations, competition event operation and venue operation.
阅读理解 动物装死来躲避捕食者
A new study has found that animals feign（假装）death for long periods of time in order to escape capture from their predators. How long they are motionless depends on the circumstances, but they can wait out their predators for quite a long time when their lives are in danger.
Animals stay still to avoid capture for different lengths of time. “Most intriguingly, Charles Darwin recorded a beetle that remained motionless for 23 minutes. Antlions, our favourite study creature in this regard, set a record of 61 minutes,” says lead author Nigel R. Franks from the University of Bristol.
Antlions are members of a large group of insects. Antlion larvae（幼虫）dig pits in loose soil and then aggressively attack ants and other small insects that fall into the sandy pits. In another study, researchers dug sandpits to understand the physics of how antlion larvae build their pits. As part of their research they needed to weigh the individual larvae. When they put them onto the microbalance scale to weigh them, they noticed that the larvae remained motionless for long periods of time. “This made it ‘a piece of cake’ to weigh them but it aroused researchers’ curiosity, ‘What on earth were they playing at ’” Franks says.
The researchers found that the amount of time the antlions remained stationary after being disturbed was unpredictable and was often quite lengthy. In researching other animals, they found that how long they wait to move again can depend on factors such as hunger and temperature, but it always varies.
This unpredictability is absolutely crucial for their survival, Franks says. For example, if a bird visits these antlion pits and the larvae “play dead”, the birds will fly around the antlions to see if they move. “Imagine if antlions always remained immobile for 5 minutes. In such a case, the predator could look for alternate prey（猎物）and then return to its original one when the time is up,” he says. “If that happened, it would be a short life for the predictable death-feigner.” But because the time is unpredictable, the birds leave and go find something else to eat. The predators turn their attention from the unmoving prey that no longer catches their eye to something nearby that is a better alternative.
1. What is the new study about
A. Animals’ hunting skills. B. Animals’ living conditions.
C. Animals’ self-protecting behavior. D. Animals’ means of communication.
2. Why did the author mention another research in paragraph 3
A. To introduce a new topic for discussion.
B. To offer supporting data for the discovery.
C. To make a comparison between the two studies.
D. To provide some background information on the study.
3. What does the underlined word “stationary” probably mean in paragraph 4
A. Unmoving. B. Alarmed. C. Energetic. D. Peaceful.
4. How do Antlions take advantage of playing dead according to the last paragraph
A. By scaring away predators.
B. By distracting predators’ attention.
C. By staying still for an uncertain amount of time.
D. By waiting for predators to eat something else.
参考答案四
语法填空
1 explanation 2 in 3 less 4 to believe 5 relatively
6 who 7 detailed 8 is 9 authors 10 yourself
■ 1. C细节题，考查文中具体信息
解析：根据文中第二段的第二行和第三行的可知，这里的两个杀手指的是“cancer（癌症）”和“heart disease（心脏病）”。故此处应选C。
■ 2. A主旨题，考查主旨要义
解析：由第三段可知，这一段主要讲的是基因科技如何帮助人们治疗遗传疾病的。故此处应选A。
■ 3. B细节题，考查文中具体信息
解析：由文章中的第三段的最后一句话可知“科学家会找到致病基因然后修正该基因。”故此处应选B。
■ 4. A理解作者的意图、观点和态度
解析：这篇文章通篇主要讲述的是基因工程给人们带来的种种好处。因此此处应选A。
语法填空
41．launched 42．as 43．eagerness 44．that 45．to host 46．a
47．opportunities 48．actively 49．will be assigned 50．volunteering
【参考答案】1-4 CDAC
时文阅读|
大千世界无奇不有，生物的“骗术”就是其中之一，而且形形色色，手段高明。这是生物在自然界中为了生存不得不耍的伎俩。昆虫作为动物世界里的弱势群体，为了躲避天敌的猎捕和攻击进化出了各种独特的防御机制。蚁狮是如何利用假死之术来骗过捕食者的呢？下文将为您揭晓。
生词
1. microbalance n. 微量天平 2. lengthy adj. 漫长的
3. alternate adj. 供替换的
His group was forced to turn back and take an alternate route.
他的小组被迫返回，并采用了替代路线。
1. wait out 等待（令人不快的事情）结束
We sheltered in a doorway to wait out the storm. 我们躲避在一个门洞里等候暴风雨过去。
2. in this regard 在这方面；在这一点上
I have nothing further to say in this regard. 在这方面，我没什么要说的了。
3. a piece of cake 轻而易举的事
Winning that prize is a piece of cake. 赢得那个奖易如反掌。
4. on earth （加强疑问句的语气）到底，究竟
5. catch somebody’s eye 引起某人注意
Can you catch the waiter’s eye 你能引起服务员的注意吗？
知识拓展
University of Bristol
布里斯托大学，简称布大，位于英格兰西南部城市布里斯托，为世界百强名校、一流研究型大学、英国老牌名校。布大以卓越的教学和研究、精湛的设备和高素质的学生与工作人员享誉国际，其工程学院素有“英国工程王国”之称。
语法填空 朋友在社交媒体上发布的信息让你花更多的钱
Now, a team of American and Canadian economists have proposed a new __1___(explain) for the declining savings rate in American families , one rooted in individual psychology. Changes in the media landscape have made other people's spending more visible than ever. That, ___2__turn, is making all of us spend even more—and save even __3__(little).
Humans are social creatures. When we see other people spending money, we have a tendency
4 (believe)that we can—or should—be spending, too.
Fifty years ago, our frames of reference for our spending habits were __5__(relative) small. Now we have social media. Facebook lets us stay in touch with our rich college classmates __6__ always seem to be on vacation. We can create and share ___7__(detail) logs of the stuff we consume at places like Yelp and TripAdvisor.
The net effect of this saturation of consumptive media is that we're bombarded every day with signals to consume. "People infer that low saving 8 (be) a good idea," as the authors put it.
"To decide if you're overconsuming, make a special effort to notice when your friends do something that is frugal, such as having a staycation or holding on to their 15-year-old car," Hirshleifer, one of the __9___(author) said. "If you're going to compare ___10__(you) to others, try to make it realistic."
阅读理解 基因工程给人们带来的好处
Among all the fast growing areas of science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only can these two diseases be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span (寿命) can be prolonged.
Gene technology can help people give birth to healthy and clever children. Some families, with the British royal family being a good example, have hereditary (遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.
Some people are worrying that gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep, therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in a very normal way. Of course, the government must take care to control gene technology.
1. What does “these two killers” in the second paragraph refer to
A. Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.
B. The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.
C. The two diseases of cancer and heart disease.
D. Hereditary diseases and cancer.
2. What’s the main idea of the third paragraph
A. How gene technology can be used to treat hereditary diseases.
B. Gene technology can be used to clone human babies.
C. Gene technology can help people give birth to a baby.
D. Gene technology can help the British royal family out.
3. In what way can gene technology help to treat hereditary diseases
A. Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days.
B. Using gene technology, the scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.
C. Using gene technology, human babies can be cloned.
D. Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.
4. What is the main purpose of this passage
A. To express the writer’s idea that gene technology will benefit people.
B. To tell people the disadvantages of gene technology.
C. To tell the readers that gene technology will not benefit people.
D. To explain that gene technology will also do harm to humanity.
语法填空
In celebration of the 34th International Volunteers Day, the Beijing Organising Committee for the 2022 Olympic ___41___ (launch) its Global Recruitment of Volunteers on 5 December.
IOC (国际奥委会)President Thomas Bach delivered a video message and praised the volunteers ___42___a vital part of the Olympics preparation team. He said the Beijing 2022 Games volunteering programme would arouse public ___43___(eager) for winter sports especially among the young generation and ___44___"Beijing is making history as the first city in the world ___45___ (host) both the summer and winter editions of the Olympic Games". He encouraged everyone to be a part of this exciting chapter of Olympic history and become ___46___volunteer for Beijing 2022 Games for the experience of a lifetime.
In his video message, IPC President Andrew Parsons said that China was about to begin a new era (时期)of a wealth of ___47___(opportunity) and a new moment in history. He called on volunteers to ___48___(active) participate in the Paralympic Winter Games Beijing 2022 and witness this important moment in China’s new era.
Beijing 2022 plans to recruit 27, 000 volunteers for the Olympic Winter Games and 12, 000 for Paralympic Winter Games. These volunteers ___49___(assign) across the three competition zones of Beijing, Yanqing and Zhangjiakou, ____50____(volunteer) in 12 different areas such as international relations, competition event operation and venue operation.
阅读理解 动物装死来躲避捕食者
A new study has found that animals feign（假装）death for long periods of time in order to escape capture from their predators. How long they are motionless depends on the circumstances, but they can wait out their predators for quite a long time when their lives are in danger.
Animals stay still to avoid capture for different lengths of time. “Most intriguingly, Charles Darwin recorded a beetle that remained motionless for 23 minutes. Antlions, our favourite study creature in this regard, set a record of 61 minutes,” says lead author Nigel R. Franks from the University of Bristol.
Antlions are members of a large group of insects. Antlion larvae（幼虫）dig pits in loose soil and then aggressively attack ants and other small insects that fall into the sandy pits. In another study, researchers dug sandpits to understand the physics of how antlion larvae build their pits. As part of their research they needed to weigh the individual larvae. When they put them onto the microbalance scale to weigh them, they noticed that the larvae remained motionless for long periods of time. “This made it ‘a piece of cake’ to weigh them but it aroused researchers’ curiosity, ‘What on earth were they playing at ’” Franks says.
The researchers found that the amount of time the antlions remained stationary after being disturbed was unpredictable and was often quite lengthy. In researching other animals, they found that how long they wait to move again can depend on factors such as hunger and temperature, but it always varies.
This unpredictability is absolutely crucial for their survival, Franks says. For example, if a bird visits these antlion pits and the larvae “play dead”, the birds will fly around the antlions to see if they move. “Imagine if antlions always remained immobile for 5 minutes. In such a case, the predator could look for alternate prey（猎物）and then return to its original one when the time is up,” he says. “If that happened, it would be a short life for the predictable death-feigner.” But because the time is unpredictable, the birds leave and go find something else to eat. The predators turn their attention from the unmoving prey that no longer catches their eye to something nearby that is a better alternative.
1. What is the new study about
A. Animals’ hunting skills. B. Animals’ living conditions.
C. Animals’ self-protecting behavior. D. Animals’ means of communication.
2. Why did the author mention another research in paragraph 3
A. To introduce a new topic for discussion.
B. To offer supporting data for the discovery.
C. To make a comparison between the two studies.
D. To provide some background information on the study.
3. What does the underlined word “stationary” probably mean in paragraph 4
A. Unmoving. B. Alarmed. C. Energetic. D. Peaceful.
4. How do Antlions take advantage of playing dead according to the last paragraph
A. By scaring away predators.
B. By distracting predators’ attention.
C. By staying still for an uncertain amount of time.
D. By waiting for predators to eat something else.
参考答案四
语法填空
1 explanation 2 in 3 less 4 to believe 5 relatively
6 who 7 detailed 8 is 9 authors 10 yourself
■ 1. C细节题，考查文中具体信息
解析：根据文中第二段的第二行和第三行的可知，这里的两个杀手指的是“cancer（癌症）”和“heart disease（心脏病）”。故此处应选C。
■ 2. A主旨题，考查主旨要义
解析：由第三段可知，这一段主要讲的是基因科技如何帮助人们治疗遗传疾病的。故此处应选A。
■ 3. B细节题，考查文中具体信息
解析：由文章中的第三段的最后一句话可知“科学家会找到致病基因然后修正该基因。”故此处应选B。
■ 4. A理解作者的意图、观点和态度
解析：这篇文章通篇主要讲述的是基因工程给人们带来的种种好处。因此此处应选A。
语法填空
41．launched 42．as 43．eagerness 44．that 45．to host 46．a
47．opportunities 48．actively 49．will be assigned 50．volunteering
【参考答案】1-4 CDAC
时文阅读|
大千世界无奇不有，生物的“骗术”就是其中之一，而且形形色色，手段高明。这是生物在自然界中为了生存不得不耍的伎俩。昆虫作为动物世界里的弱势群体，为了躲避天敌的猎捕和攻击进化出了各种独特的防御机制。蚁狮是如何利用假死之术来骗过捕食者的呢？下文将为您揭晓。
生词
1. microbalance n. 微量天平 2. lengthy adj. 漫长的
3. alternate adj. 供替换的
His group was forced to turn back and take an alternate route.
他的小组被迫返回，并采用了替代路线。
1. wait out 等待（令人不快的事情）结束
We sheltered in a doorway to wait out the storm. 我们躲避在一个门洞里等候暴风雨过去。
2. in this regard 在这方面；在这一点上
I have nothing further to say in this regard. 在这方面，我没什么要说的了。
3. a piece of cake 轻而易举的事
Winning that prize is a piece of cake. 赢得那个奖易如反掌。
4. on earth （加强疑问句的语气）到底，究竟
5. catch somebody’s eye 引起某人注意
Can you catch the waiter’s eye 你能引起服务员的注意吗？
知识拓展
University of Bristol
布里斯托大学，简称布大，位于英格兰西南部城市布里斯托，为世界百强名校、一流研究型大学、英国老牌名校。布大以卓越的教学和研究、精湛的设备和高素质的学生与工作人员享誉国际，其工程学院素有“英国工程王国”之称。