(共59张PPT)
状语从句
Adverbial Clause
1. 状语从句的概念
2. 状语从句的种类和使用
3. 沙场秋点兵
Part1 状语从句的概念
什么是状语从句？
She works .
hard
副词作状语
状语是在句子中修饰动词、形容词、副词等的句子成分，用于说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等的一种句法成份。
I get up .
at six
介词短语作状语
when it is dark.
as hard as she used to .
状语从句就是用一个句子充当状语成分。同副词，介词词组等作状语一样，用于修饰谓语，说明谓语动作的时间，地点，方式，手段，条件，程度，比较，原因，目的，结果等。
Part2 状语从句的种类
状语从句
时间
状语从句
地点
状语从句
原因
状语从句
目的
状语从句
结果
状语从句
条件
状语从句
比较
状语从句
让步
状语从句
方式
状语从句
时间状语从句
01
_____________________________________
时间状语从句即在句中作时间状语的从句，可以放在句首、句中和句尾。
when
while
as
after
before
until/till
since
as soon as
当……时
延续性动词
非延续性动词
（瞬间动词）
请帮这群饥饿的猴子摘到喜欢的香蕉吧！
延续性动词
非延续性动词
study
work
stand
join
buy
finish
open
sing
walk
when引导的时间状语从句
01
when可以指“时间点”，与瞬间动词连用，也可以指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用。
02
when引导的从句动作既可以和主句动作同时发生，也可以在主句动作之前或之后发生。
When he came in, his mother was cooking.
（时间点）
When we were at school, we went to the library every day. （时间段）
It was snowing when we got to the airport.
(同时发生）
When the meal was finished ,John made coffee.
（之后发生）
03
when引导的时间状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来时（主将从现）。
I will call you when I get there.
I will go home when the rain stops.
while引导的时间状语从句
01
while引导的从句谓语只能延续性动词。
While we were dancing ,a man came in.
While I was sleeping, the UFO arrived.
02
while引导的从句的谓语动词所表示的动作通常与主句的动作同时发生。
They arrived while we were having dinner.
Please don’t talk so loud while others are working.
as引导的时间状语从句
01
as用法与when相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有“随着……”或“一边……一边……”之意。
I saw a boy standing downstairs as I opened the window.
As you get older, you get more knowledge.
猴宝宝挑一挑
when while as
he had finished his homework,he took a short rest．
he walked along the lake， he sang happily.
she was typing the letter ,the telephone rang.
When
As
While
until / till引导的时间状语从句
01
用在肯定句中：这两词意义和用法相同，一般可以换用(但句首时常用until，till在口语中更为常见)。主句的谓语动词必须是持续性的，意为“直到……”
We waited till (until) he came back.
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
02
用在否定句中：not ……until，主句的谓语动词则为短暂性的，表示“直到……才”，若主句谓语动词为延续性动词，根据上下文可表示“没有到……”
He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework.
He didn’t wait until I returned.
他没有等到我回来。
翻翻乐
爸爸昨天直到午夜才回来。
My father didn’t come back until midnight yesterday.
他们一直谈话到黎明。
They talked until/till dawn.
在时间状语从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时,用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
When I (get) there, I’ll ring you up.
I’ll
Cici told me that as soon as she ,
(arrive), she would ring me up.
would ring me up
特别提示
get
arrived
地点状语从句
02
_____________________________________
地点状语从句即在句中作地点状语的从句，位于主句前后均可。
where
wherever
to/in/from the place(s) where …
to/in/from any place where …
地点状语从句
We live where the road crosses the river.
We live in the place where the road crosses the river.
Eg
Make marks in any place where you have questions.
Make marks wherever you have questions.
原因状语从句
03
_____________________________________
原因状语从句即在句中作原因状语的从句，可置于句首，也可置于句尾。
because
since
as
because引导的原因状语从句
01
because意为“因为”，表示造成某种情况的直接原因，语气最强，常用来回答由why提问的问句，因果关系不能同so连用。
-Why didn’t you come to my birthday party
-Because I was too busy.
He took off his coat because it was too hot in the room.
since引导的原因状语从句
01
since往往表示众所周知的原因，意为“既然；由于”。since从句通常位于主句之前，其语气比because弱，比as稍强。
Since you come , wait for more time please.
Since you won’t help me , I’ll ask someone
else.
as引导的原因状语从句
03
as表示原因时，语气比because和since都弱，引导的从句位于主句前后均可。
It is difficult to know what to do , as we are not his parents.
As you were out , I left a message for you.
猫博士水滴石穿
I didn’t go to school yesterday _________ I was ill.
________ everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
_____ you are in poor health, you should not stay up late.
because
Since
As
目的状语从句
04
_____________________________________
目的状语从句即在句中作目的状语的从句，可置于句首、句中或句尾。
so that
in order that
目的状语从句
从句中常有情态动词may (might), can (could), should 等，从句往往放在主句之后, 主从句之间不用任何标点符号。
Tom ran very quickly in order that he could catch up with Jack.
I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget it.
兔子选萝卜
You must improve your study method _____ you may make progress in your studies.
A.so as to B. in order to C. so D. in order that
I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early I can have time for a cup of tea.
A.as soon as B.as a result C.in case D.so that
结果状语从句
05
_____________________________________
结果状语从句即在句中作结果状语的从句，一般置于句尾。
so that
so… that…
such… that…
so that引导的结果状语从句
We turned up the radio so that everyone heard the news.
Bring it closer so that I may see it better.
so that除了可以引导目的状语从句（通常含有情态动词）外，还可引导结果状语从句，that有时可省略。
so…that…引导的结果状语从句
so+形容词+that…
so…that…的常用句型以下有四种，口语中that经常省略。
He was so excited that he couldn’t say a word.
He was so selfish that nobody wanted to make friends with him.
so+副词+that…
He speaks so quickly that l cannot catch the words.
He drove so carelessly that he almost lost his life.
so +many/few/much/little +相应形式名词+that
He has so little food that he must go out and buy some.
I made so many mistakes that I failed the exam.
so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that…
It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to
read it.
It is so easy a question that I can work it out.
such…that…引导结果状语从句
such…that…的常用句型有四种，口语中that常省略。
such+ a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that…
It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted
to see it again.
It was so wonderful a film that all of us wanted to
see it again.
such+形容词+可数名词复数+that…
They are such good children that we all love them.
These are such good books that everyone wants to read.
such+ 形容词+不可数名词+that…
We had such bad weather that we couldn’t go out.
This was such fine music that it was worth listening.
为了强调形容词、副词或名词，so/such…that…引导的结果状语从句中，可把so/such…置于句首，主句用倒装语序。
主句用倒装语序
So excited that he could not fall into sleep.
He was so excited that he could not fall into sleep.
he
was
特别提示
愤怒的小鸟
Mike is ___boy that we all like him.
A. so good a B. a good so
C. a such good D. such good a
I know the city well that I don’t need to
use a map .
A. quite B. very
C. such D. so
条件状语从句
06
_____________________________________
as
as/so
long
条件状语从句即在句中作条件状语的从句，谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果。可置于句首或句尾，有时还可置于主语和谓语之间。
if
unless
If I am free tomorrow, I will help you with your math.
You will be late again unless you hurry.
条件状语从句
如果明天不下雨，我们就去那儿。
unless（除非）从句的谓语只能用肯定式,它和if…not同义，但unless是书面语，if…not是口语，通常二者可以换用。
We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.
unless
it rains
We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn’t rain.
在条件状语从句中，通常会用：
一般现在时
一般将来时
一般过去时
过去将来时
worked
My father told me if I （work） hard,
he would buy me a gift.
（主句时态是过去将来时）
is
If the weather terrible next week,
we’ll put off the summer camp.
（主句时态是一般将来时）
特别提示
让步状语从句
07
让步状语从句即在句中作让步状语的从句，可置于句首，也可置于句尾。
though/although
even though/even if
wh - + ever
even though /even if引导让步状语从句
Though/Although she works hard, yet she makes very slow progress.
Though/Although it was raining hard, he still went out.
though比although通俗，两者通常可互换使用， though/although引导让步状语从句，主句中不可再用but,但可用yet和still。
I’ll go even if /even though it rains tomorrow.
Even if /Even though you say no, I do not believe it.
这两个短语表示语气更强的让步，有退一步设想的意味, 多用于书面语中。常常译为“即使，尽管”。
even though /even if引导让步状语从句
happens，don’t be surprised.
wh-ever类的词引导让步状语从句时，常可换成“no matter+相应的wh-词”
wh-ever引导让步状语从句
Whatever
No matter what
I’ll wait for you,
however
late it is.
no matter how
蝴蝶为花醉
Allow children the space to voice their opinions,
they are different from your own.
A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though
Little Jack has learned to do lots of things on his own, he is only four years old.
A. If B. though C. for D. since
比较状语从句
08
比较状语从句即在句中作比较状语的从句，比较状语从句可表示差级比较和同级比较，一般位于句尾。
as
than
He speaks English as well as you do.
She was more successful than we had expected.
我愿为你摘天上的星星
He looks ______ ___ a brick wall.(nervous)
as
nerverous
as
His new boss is much ______ ___________ ______
his last. (interesting)
more
interesting
than
方式状语从句
09
方式状语从句即在句中作方式状语的从句，一般位于句尾，有时位于句中。
as
as if
as though
as引导方式状语从句
表示“如同；按……的方式”
表示“如同；按……的方式”
Will you please do it as I am doing
Leave the children as they are.
as if/as though引导方式状语从句
He sounds as though he’s got a sore throat.
He is a happy man as if/as though he has no worries in the world.
方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或者具有很大可能性时，通常用陈述语气。
You treat them as if/as though they were your parents.
He talks about Rome as if/as though he had been there before.
方式状语从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻，通常用虚拟语气。
Part3 沙场秋点兵
1. I’ll go with you if it _______fine tomorrow.
A. has been B. is C. will be D. be
He got up early _______ he could catch up
with the others.
A. in order to B. to C. so that D. that
3. This is _____ an interesting book that I
want to read it again.
A. so B. such C. quite D. very
4. I will let you know about it as soon as I ____
the news.
A. will get B. get C. got D. get
5. Though he is ill, ________he is still working
hard.
A. but B. yet C. too D. either
4. ___ well prepared you are , you still need a
lot of luck in mountain climbing.
A. However B. Whatever
C. No matter D. Although
Practice makes perfect
