中考英语二轮专题复习——被动语态课件(共35张PPT)

(共35张PPT)
被动语态
Hello, I'm Baymax.
This is Hero.
Today let's learn Passive Voice together.
I
protect
Hero
主动语态：
主语
谓语
宾语
两种语态
I
protect
Hero
by me
两种语态
is protected
被动语态：
主语
谓语
宾语
I
protect
Hero
Hero
is protected
by me
找不同
主动语态：
主语
谓语
宾语
被动语态：
主语是动作的执行者
主语是动作的承受者
主语
谓语
宾语
被动语态的构成
被动语态是由be+及物动词的过去分词构成的。
be动词本身无词义，但有时态，人称和数的变化。
例： I am protected by Baymax.
The trees are being watered by the children.
Mike was beaten by two thieves yesterday.
We are invited to the concert.
My homework has been done.
被动语态的构成
被动语态是由be+及物动词的过去分词构成的。
be动词本身无词义，但有时态，人称和数的变化。
例： I am protected by Baymax.
The trees are being watered by the children.
Mike was beaten by two thieves yesterday.
We are invited to the concert.
My homework has been done.
以下哪些句子是被动语态？
A. My mother is cooking in the kitchen.
B. Dinner was cooked by my father yesterday.
C. The work will be finished by them in 3 days.
D. The students have travelled to America.
E. The rooms are being painted by the workers now.
Tip：
1. be+及物动词过去分词
2. by+宾语
will be finished
was cooked
are being painted
被动语态的时态
was/were done
am/is/are done
shall/will be done
现在
过去
将来
进行式
一般式
完成式
am/is/are being done
was/were being done
have/has been done
had been done
shall/will have been done
by him.
主动语态变被动语态
1.主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语（人称代词宾格要改为主格）
cooked
the meal
The meal
He
2.主动句的谓语动词变为be+过去分词（注意时态）
过去时
was/were done
was cooked
3.主动句的主语变为被动句的by+宾语（人称代词主格要改为宾格）
变化口诀
宾变主来, 主变宾;
谓变be done, 时不变;
注意数格，抄其余。
Hi, kids.
I'm low on battery.
Finish the tasks and help me recharge!
Task 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
The floor is swept by Joe every day.
She was looked after by Mike yesterday.
Some photos will be taken by them tomorrow.
Some food was being cooked by us from 5 to 6 yesterday.
将下列句子改为被动句
一般现在时
is/am/are done
Joe sweeps the floor every day.
Mike looked after her yesterday.
They will take some photos tomorrow.
We were cooking some food from 5 to 6 yesterday.
一般过去时
was/were done
一般将来时
will be done
过去进行时时
was/were being done
Task 1
5.
6.
7.
8.
The trees are being planted by the students now.
The toy has been found by her.
Much money will have been made by them by next year.
The cakes can be made by Lucy.
现在进行时
is/am/are being done
The students are planting the trees now.
She has found the toy.
They will have made much money by next year.
Lucy can make the cakes.
现在完成时
have/has been done
将来完成时
will have been done
含情态动词
情态动词+ be done
will sell
Task2
1. The lastest mobile phone___________ in China.
2. The school music __________ next Monday.
3. Look at the trees. They_____________ last year.
4. A lot of roads_____________ to develop the villages in 2025.
5. The house_________________ by next year.
6. Knives_____________ to cut things.
7. Our homework must_____________ on time.
makes
will hold
planted
builds
uses
finish
这是大白做的习题，让我们一起帮大白改正错误吧！
is made
will be held
were planted
will be built
will have been sold
are be used
be finished
Thanks, kids.
Keep on fighting!
Learn more about Passive Voice!
特殊情况
No1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。
She listened to the music.
The music was listened to by her.
Mike looks after the girl.
The girl is looked after by Mike.
特殊情况
NO2. 句子谓语是双宾语及物动词，将间接宾语或将直接宾语转化为句子主语均可。
They gave the children many good books.
The children were given many good books by them.
Many good books were given to the children by them.
间接宾语转化为主语
人：间接宾语
物：直接宾语
直接宾语转化为主语
Tip：
1.有些及物动词，如give,send,take,bring,tell,show等，直接宾语转化为主语时，
被保留的间接宾语前通常加 to.
2. 有些及物动词，如buy,make,find,get,draw等,直接宾语变为主语时，
被保留的间接宾语前通常加 for.
使役动词的被动语态：
特殊情况
No3. 当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去to的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上to
Mike makes us cook the food every day.
We are made to cook the food every day.
make sb do
be made to do
let sb do
be let to do
have sb do
be had to do
感官动词的被动语态：
特殊情况
No3. 当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去to的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上to
I saw her cross the road just now.
She was saw to cross the road just now.
see/notice sb do
be seen/noticed to do
hear sb do
be heard to do
watch sb do
be watched to do
help的被动语态：
特殊情况
No3. 当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补), 并且宾补是省去to的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上to
I helped the old man cross the road just now.
The old man was helped to cross the road just now.
help sb (to) do
be helped to do
特殊情况
No4. 主动语态的宾语是句子（宾语从句），变为被动语态时通常用it作形式主语，真正主语放在后面。
I know that the earth is round.
It is known that the earth is round.
They say that Mike always cooks the meals.
It is said that Mike always cooks the meals.
Task3
1. The girl ________ good care________ by her father.
2. The teacher_________ by the students.
A. takes; of
B. was taken; for
C. is taken; of
D. was taken; to
A. was listen
B. was listened to
C. listened to
D. was listening to
3. The gift was _________ the pretty girl.
A. bought for
B.bought
C.bought to
D. showed
4. The picture was _________ the old man.
A. showed for
B.showed to
C.showing
选择正确的答案
D. showed
Task3
5. It_________that Helen is famous in the city.
6. Helen was seen_________ the book away.
A. knows
B. is known
C. known
D. knew
A. take
B. to take
C. took
D. was taking
7. The cake was _________ his mother.
A. making
B. made to
C. made for
D. made of
8. The book _________ yesterday is interesting.
A. was bought
B. bought
C.bought to
选择正确的答案
D. buys
不可转为被动句的主动句
A. 宾语是反身代词或相互代词时
You should help each other.
1. 受宾语限制不能转为被动语态
B. 宾语是主语身体的一部分时
He shook his head.
C. 宾语是doing或不定式
Mike likes listening to music.
如：make a face
D. 宾语是同源宾语时
They live a happy life.
She dreamed a sweet dream.
不可转为被动句的主动句
She has blue eyes.
I own a big house.
2. 谓语动词为某些状态动词时，如：have,own,possess等
E. 由动词+名词构成的英语习语
如：make a face/faces 做鬼脸
1. 受宾语限制不能转为被动语态
keep guard 看管
lose heart 灰心
speak one's mind 说出心里话
do one's best 尽最大的努力
D. Mike likes playing football.
C. The little girl dreamed a sweet dream.
B. He tried his best to pass the exam.
Task4
大白分不清哪些句子不能转化为被动语态，我们帮他挑出错误的吧！
C. A sweet dream was dreamed by the little girl.
D. Playing football is liked by Mike.
A. You should help each other.
A. Each other should be helped by you.
B. His best is tried by him to pass the exam.
H. She said to herself.
G. He lost heart.
F. Joe owned a big house.
E. Helen has a nice coat.
Task4
大白分不清哪些句子不能转化为被动语态，我们帮他挑出错误的吧！
E. A nice coat is had by Helen.
F. A big house is owned by Joe.
H. Herself was said to by her.
G. Heart was lost by him.
主动形式表被动含义
The material feels very soft. 这种材料感觉很柔软。
Your idea sounds great. 你的主意听起来很棒。
The food smells good. 这个食物闻起来不错。
He seems happy. 他看起来很开心。
1. 系表结构,如look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear,seem
主动形式表被动含义
The pen writes well. 这支笔很好写。
The books sell well. 这些书卖的很好。
2.主语是物，谓语是表示主语特征或属性的不及物动词。
如：wash/write/sell/lock/shut/open/move/cut等，特别是后面加副词well/quickly.
The door won't shut. 这门关不上。
3.某些表示“发生”（happen,take place）,“爆发”（break out, burst out）, “传播”（spread）等不及物动词。
The news spread quickly. 这个消息传播地很快。
The war broke out in 1941. 战争在1941年爆发了。
主动形式表被动含义
4. 表示“需要”的动词之后，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。
The bike needs repairing. 这辆自行车需要修理。
= The bike needs to be repaired.
need/want/require doing=need/want/require to be done
5. worth+doing的主动形式表示被动意义。
The book is is worth reading. 这本书值得一看。
The man is not worth helping. 这个人不值得帮助。
Task5
1. The pen___________(write) well.
2. The door won't__________(shut).
3. Great changes_____________ (take place)in this town in 1988 .
4. This book is worth_____________ (read) .
5. This car needs_____________ (wash) .
6. This apple_____________ (taste) sweet.
7. The sofa_____________ (feel) soft .
缺词填空
writes
shut
took place
reading
washing
to be washed
tastes
feels
You all did a good job!
Practice makes perfect!