2022年中考英语复习课件——现在完成时 (共38张PPT)

(共38张PPT)
现
在
完
成
时
圣诞老人的驯鹿们站错位置了，帮它们找到自己的位置吧！
助动词 Have / Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词
Have you done your homework
主语 + 助动词 have/has + not + 动词的过去分词。
He hasn’t done his homework.
时 态 构 成
主语 + 助动词 have/has + 动词的过去分词。
I have done my homework.
肯 定 式
否 定 式
疑 问 式
圣诞老人的驯鹿们站错位置了，帮它们找到自己的位置吧！
时 态 构 成
疑 问 式
一般疑问句：
Have / Has ＋ 主语 + 动词的过去分词 +宾语（或其他）
Have you done your homework
特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句
Where have you been
一般疑问句的回答：
肯定回答：Yes, I /they/ we/ you/ have.
Yes, she/ he /人名 has.
否定回答：No, I/ they/ we/ you haven’t.
No, she/ he/ 人名 hasn’t.
驯鹿们站错位置了，帮它们找到自己的位置吧！
Put in order
It
has
heavily
this
week.
snowed
驯鹿们站错位置了，帮它们找到自己的位置吧！
Put in order
I
have
my
not
yet.
work.
started
驯鹿们站错位置了，帮它们找到自己的位置吧！
Put in order
me
met
before
？
you
Have
met
me
before
？
Have
you
Follow me,
let’s learn more about
Present Perfect tense.
Santa says
动词的过去分词 规则变化
动词分类 变化规则 e.g.
一般动词 -ed listened
以不发音的“e、ue”结尾 -d invited
以“辅音+y”结尾 变y为ied carryied
以“重读闭音节”结尾 双写末尾辅音-ed dropped
work
visit
play
use
like
study
live
cry
shop
plan
stop
try
-ed
-d
y-ied
双写-ed
快来帮圣诞老人整理圣诞礼物吧！
动词的过去分词
祝贺你获得驯鹿勋章！
还有一些动词是不规则变化的哦！
动词的过去分词
动词的过去分词 常见不规则变化
原型 过去式 过去分词 原型 过去式 过去分词
cost cost cost bring brought brought
build built built catch caught caught
smell smelt smelt say said said
meet met met find found found
begin began begun leave left left
blow blew blown break broken broken
forget forgot forgotten take took taken
不规则变化表要牢记哦！
我们一起把不规则变化唱出来吧！
动词的过去分词
2 1 2 5
go-went-gone
3 3 3
be-was-been
3 3 3
draw-drew-drawn
3 3 3 2
drink-drank-drunk
4 4 4 4
bring-brought-brought
3 5 1 2 3
begin-began-begun
4 3 3
catch-caught-caught
3 3 3
grow-grew-grown
3 3 3
cost-cost-cost
3 3 3
cut-cut-cut
3 5 1 2 3
know-knew-known
4 4 4
see-saw-seen
4 3 3
find-found-found
5 5 4 2 1
sell-sold-sold
我们一起把不规则变化唱出来吧！
动词的过去分词
2 1 2 5
do – did - done
3 3 3
sit - sat - sat
3 3 3
hear-heard-heard
3 3 3 2
leave- left - left
4 4 4
give- gave - given
3 5 1 2 3
bear-bore-born
4 3 3
have – had - had
3 3 3
lie – lay - lain
3 3 3
put- put - put
3 3 3
pay-paid-paid
3 5 1 2 3
mean- meant-meant
4 4 4
shake -shook- shaken
4 3 3
stand – stood -stood
5 5 4 2 1
sleep- slept- slept
可以把你不记得的变化填在歌词里唱出来哦！
祝贺你获得铃铛勋章！
表示过去发生的动作、状态或者习惯，到今天仍能成立。
用法No.1
Now
A long time ago,
I became Santa Claus.
Future
I have been Santa Claus for a long time.
I am still Santa.
Before
Santa says
一般用于表达状态保持的时间, 与延续性动词连用。
更多例句:
I’ve known her since 1994.
She’s lived in London for three years.
I’ve worked here for six months.
常用时间状语
since＋时间点 for＋一段时间
快来帮Mr. Snowman装饰圣诞树吧！
延续性动词
短暂性动词
know
open
want
close
buy
keep
have
live
read
sleep
stay
study
begin
go
become
leave
Game
祝贺你获得松树勋章！
Santa says
延续性动词与时间段的关系（1）
短暂性动词在肯定句中不能与时间段连用
e.g. I have become Santa for a long time.
2. 短暂性动词在肯定句中需要被转换成相应的延续性动词。
E.g. I have been Santa for a long time.
Santa says
延续性动词与时间段的关系（2）
短暂性动词在否定句中可以与时间段连用
e.g. I haven’t become Santa for 50 years.
Santa says
一般用于表达状态保持的时间, 与延续性动词连用。
更多例句:
I’ve known her since 1994.
She’s lived in London for three years.
I’ve worked here for six months.
常用时间状语
since＋时间点 for＋一段时间
快来拆开Santa的礼物,学会转换延续性动词和短暂性动词吧！
Game
leave
be away (from)
come / go
be in / at
buy
have
borrow
keep
start / begin
be on
open
be open
close
be closed
die
be dead
be over
finish
祝贺你获得雪人勋章！
Santa says
since和for的用法区别
Since
+ 过去的时间点
I’ve been Santa since 1993.
+ 时间段+ ago
I’ve been Santa since 27 years ago.
+ 从句
I have been Santa since I graduated in 1993.
2. For
+ 一段时间
I have been Santa for 27 years.
Santa Claus来信，我们来读一读、填一填吧!
Game
I have known you _______ you were born. That means I have known you ______ about 12 years.
Every year I can see your changes. You have worked so hard _____ the past 2 years. And I know you have hoped to see me _______ 2 months ago.
Now I come here with your present! It’s a basketball.
I know you have played basketball ______so many times. I’m so happy you can have a hobby. You should have this present!
Best wishes,
Santa Claus
From Santa:
since
since
for
for
for
祝贺你获得圣诞袜勋章！
同包括现在的时间状语连用
用法No.2
Now
Before
It has snowed heavily this week.
Future
Santa says
动作和时间都有可能持续。
更多例句:
She has drunk 3 cups of coffee today.
I haven’t seen her this month.
Has he read books this week
不可与确定的过去时间点连用。
I’ve seen him yesterday.
表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
用法No.3
Now
Before
It has snowed heavily this week.
Future
The heavy snow has broken my sleigh.
broken
Santa says
最近发生的事情对现在造成重要影响。
更多例句:
I’ve lost my keys (so I can’t get into my house).
She’s hurt her leg ( so she can’t walk now)
They’ve missed the bus (so they will be late).
3. 此用法可与一般过去时混用。
用于描述新闻或者刚刚发生的事情
用法No. 4
Now
Future
I have just fixed my sleigh.
broken
Before
Santa says
与最近的时间副词连用，常用于新闻和刚刚发生的事情。
常与 Just, yet, already, recently 连用。
此种用法可与一般过去时混用。
4. 更多例句
The queen has given a speech.
I’ve just seen Lucy.
表示人曾有过的经历,已成为既定事实。
用法No. 5
Now
Future
I have travelled around the world.
I have travelled around the world.
I travelled around the world.
Before
词组 例句 潜台词
Have gone to Santa Claus has gone to Beijng. 现在在北京
Have been to Santa Claus has been to Beijing 100 times. 现在不一定在
Have been in Santa Claus has been in Beijing for 2 days. 现在在且来了一段时间
相似词组比较
Santa says
Gone to, been to 和 been in
选用合适的词组填空。
Game
Mike and his parents ___________ the north for half a year.
Mum is not at home now. She __________the shop.
3. -Where is Peter
–I don’t know where he _______.
4. -Has Jim arrived yet
-Yes, he ________ here for several days.
5. -Have you ever _____ to kunming -Never.
have been in
has gone to
been
has been
has gone
祝贺你获得圣诞帽勋章！
不同时间状语对应不同时态。
Santa says
现在完成时和一般过去时的用法比较
可与现在完成时连用的时间状语 可与一般过去时连用的时间状语
Since yesterday, Since last week, For three years, This year, Before yesterday,
Last week,
Two years ago,
Just now,
总结: 能与现在完成时连用的时间状语都常与Since和for连用，且不表示具体的时间点，而是过去的一段时间。
不同时间状语对应不同时态。
Santa says
现在完成时还常于下列时间副词或词组连用。
already
just
So far
Up to now
never
yet
ever
现在完成时的时间状语
不同时间状语对应不同时态。
Santa says
already
just
yet
ever
不同时间状语的比较
1. 用于肯定句中。
2. be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。
3. 常与Yet进行转换。
e.g. I have already finished the work.
I haven’t finished my work yet.
不同时间状语对应不同时态。
Santa says
already
just
yet
ever
不同时间状语的比较
表示刚刚做过的事情，放在have/has后面。
e.g. I have just cleaned my room.
不同时间状语对应不同时态。
Santa says
already
just
yet
ever
不同时间状语的比较
放在否定句和一般疑问句句末。
e.g. I haven’t finished my work yet.
不同时间状语对应不同时态。
Santa says
already
just
yet
ever
不同时间状语的比较
表示经常的或习惯性的动作.
常与表示频率的时间状语连用。
3. 放在have/has后面，动词后面。
e.g. I haven’t finished my work yet.
不同时态表达的含义不同。
Santa says
现在完成时和一般过去时的用法比较
现在完成时 一般过去时
强调事情与现在保持的密切联系， 如现在的结果，影响， 一直延续到现在等。 只讲述发生在过去的事情和动作，
与现在没有关系。
总结: 能与现在完成时连用的时间状语都常与Since和for连用，且不表示具体的时间点，而是过去的一段时间。
How long have you begun to be Santa Claus
2. I have kept this book for two weeks.
3. The river has become very dirty since last August.
4. Our manager is away today.
He has been to Guangzhou on business.
5. He has been out for two years.
How long have you been Santa Claus
I have borrowed this book for two weeks.
The river has been very dirty since last August.
Our manager is away today.
He has gone to Guangzhou on business.
5. He has gone out for two years.
下面的句子中每一组只有一句是对的，把它找出来吧！
Pair error
祝贺你获得圣诞老人勋章！
Practice makes perfect!