中考语法--冠词专项讲解与练习
冠词置于名词之前,有三种类型:(不定冠词)a、an,(定冠词)he,以及(零冠词/)。
Part 1不定冠词
不定冠词a, an的用法
1、不定冠词有a和an两个,表示“一个”,“一类”或“一”,可以说是单数名词的帽子,用于单数名词之前。
区别 Example
a 的用法 用于辅音音素开头的单词前 a bus; a university
an 的用法 用于元音音素开头的单词前 an orange; an hour
思考:什么是元音音素?什么是元音字母?
26个字母使用不定冠词的情况。
A a [ei] B b [bi:] C c [si:] D d [di:]
E e [i:] F f [ef] G g [d i:] H h [eit∫]
I i [ai] J j [d ei] K k [kei] L l [el]
M m [em] N n [en] O o [ u] P p [pi:]
Q q [kju:] R r [ɑ:] S s [es] T t [ti:]
U u [ju:] V v [vi:] W w [′d∧blju:] X x [eks]
Y y [wai] Z z [zi:][zed]
前面使用“an”的字母:
口诀:Oh, Mr Len is a fox. (即字母:O H M R L E N I S A F O X)
例句: There is an “f” in the word “fox”.
There is a “b” in the word “box”.
Exercise 1
一、用a,an填空。
worker European country arm eye
island umbrella animal ear
x hour useful book bike
a a an an
an an an an
an an a a
二、再看一看下面的句子,是填a 还是 an 呢?
1) There is old man under the tree. an
2) Tom is honest boy. He is going to university in London. an; a
3) Give me egg, please. an
4) This is teacher. He is English teacher. a; an
5) Would you like apple or pear an; a
2、表示“每一”,相当于every。
如:我和露西每周上六天学。I go to school with Lucy six days a week.
3、用在序数词前,表示“又一”、“再一”。
如:Mr. and Mrs. Shute had a daughter called Jane. Then they had a second child—a son.
舒特夫妇有一个女儿名叫简。不久,他们又有了一个小孩——一个儿子。
4、用于可视为一体的两个名词前。
如:a knife and fork一副刀叉
5、用在某些固定词组中。
如:a lot (of) 许多,大量 a little 一点儿 a few 一些,少数几个 in a hurry 匆忙
have a cold 感冒 make a face 做鬼脸 a number of许多 a pair of 一对
have a good time玩儿得很高兴,过得很愉快
have a swim=swim have a walk=walk
have a look=look have a talk=talk
Exercise 2
一、单项选择。
1. This is empty bottle. Could you give me full one
A. a, a B. an, a C. the, the D. /, a
2. Lily is 8-year-old girl.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
3. If you work hard, you’ll get _________ “A” in the exam.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. The farmer always works more than ten hours day on his farm.
A. one B. a C. the D. /
5. English is useful language.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
二、用冠词a, an完成下列短语。
1. 一个寒冷的早晨 2. 一双袜子
3. 一位老师兼歌手 4. 一件漂亮的裙子
5. 一条船 6. 一本语文书
7. 一座旧桥 8. 一个美国男孩
9. 一盒巧克力 10. 一小时
11. 一张纸 12. 一碗米饭
13. 一头大象 14. 一位勤奋的工人
1.a cold morning 2.a pair of socks
3.a teacher and singer 4.a beautiful dress
5.a boat 6.a Chinese book
7.an old bridge 8.an American boy
9.a box of chocolate 10.an hour
11.a piece of paper 12.a bowl of rice
13.an elephant 14. a hard-working worker
三、根据汉语完成下列句子。
1. 那里有一辆小汽车。
There is over there. a small car
2. 一位年轻的英语老师正在讲课。 A young teacher
is teaching now.
3. 没关系,你可以再试一次。 have a second
It doesn’t matter. You can have try.
4. 他们这周末将要去游泳。 a swim
They are going to have on this weekend.
Part 2定冠词
定冠词the的用法
1、特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。
如:The book on the desk is a story book. (特指桌上的那本书。)
2、表示世界上独一无二的事物。
如:the sun太阳 the moon月亮 the sky天空
3、在序数词、形容词最高级前。
如:上海是中国最大的城市之一。Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.
4、习惯用法中。
如:in the morning in the afternoon in the evening in the daytime on the left/right
7、定冠词the的其他用法
主要用法 例句
①与单数名词连用表示一类事物,或与形容词连用,表示一类人 the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸; the living 生者;the rich 富人
②用于表示方向或方位的名词前 the east 东方; the left 左边
③用在表示西洋乐器的名词之前 常见的:drum, piano, violin, guitar She can play the piano. 她会弹钢琴。
④用在姓氏复数名词之前,表示一家人 the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
Exercise 3
一、根据括号里的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. Please give me (那本字典). the dictionary
2. We live on (五楼). the fifth floor
3. He sits (在…右边) of me. on the right
4. (太阳) is shining (在白天). The sun, inthe daytime
5. We arrived at (那个小村子) at last. the village
二、单项选择。
1. Summer Palace is one of most beautiful parks in world.
A. /, the, the B. The, a, the C. The, the, the D. A, a, a
2. Lucy likes playing violin.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
3. usually travel abroad on summer holiday.
A. The Green B. A Green C. Greens D. The Greens
4. man in blue is a teacher.
A. The B. A C. An D. /
5. They came here in autumn of 1982.
A. / B. the C. an D. a
三、用适当的冠词填空。
1. Jim is _________ honest boy. We all like him. an
2. Sunday is first day of a week in the western countries. the
3. girl in Grade Three is tallest in our school. The, /, the
4. We have a music class once ________ week. a
5. In evening, I often watch TV. the
Part 3零冠词
零冠词也就是不用冠词
1、国名,人名前通常不用冠词。如:England英国,Mary玛丽
Eg: I’m from England and my name is Mary.
2、名词前有this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等词时,不用冠词。
Eg: This is my hat. 这是我的帽子。
3、在表示交通工具、学科名称的名词前不加冠词。
如:by plane, by boat, on foot, Chinese
Eg: 我经常走路上学,但有时候我骑车上学。
I usually go to school on foot, but sometimes I go to school by bike.
4、在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,一般不用冠词。
如:春天要来了。Spring is coming.
我们从星期一到星期五都上课。We have lessons from Monday to Friday.
5、在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词,但是乐器前要加the。
如:have breakfast吃早饭
play chess玩象棋
____________打篮球 play basketball
____________弹吉他 play the guitar
6、在一些固定词组中不加冠词。
如:at home在家 at first 起初 at last 最后 at once 立刻
at noon在中午 at work 在工作 on time准时 at night 在晚上
in school 在上学 in class 在课上 in bed 在床上 for example 例如
go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼
Exercise 4
一. 判断下列词语前是否需要冠词,需要的划“√”,不需要的划“×”。
1. Miss Susan× 2. Australia× 3. USA√
4. play drum√ 5. My sister× 6. play football×
7. go to bed× 8. by bus× 9. at first×
10. have supper×
二、单项选择
1. We can’t see sun at night.
A. a, / B. a, the C. the, / D. the, the
2. I bought some flowers for my mother on Mother’s Day.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
3. This is John’s coat.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. After quick breakfast I hurried to school. ( go to school )
A. /, / B. a, / C. the, the D. the, /
5. Jack is learning Chinese and he says Chinese language is very beautiful.
A. /, / B. the, the C. /, the D. the, /
三、用适当的冠词填空,不需要的地方划“/”。
1. I often go to travel in other places in summer. /
2. third question is most difficult one of the three. The; the
3. map on wall of their classroom is map of China. The; the; a
4. She often writes letters in English. /
5. We have ________ good news! /
Part 4综合练习
一.用a,an,the, /(代表不填)填空。
1.I often go to swim in __________summer. /
2.My mother is telling me __________old story, but it is __________interesting story. an, an
3.__________map on __________wall of their classroom is __________map of China. The; the, a
4.Lily and Alice are in__________same class. the
5.Spring is __________first season of the year. the
6.Look at __________picture. There is __________building in the picture. In front of __________building, there is __________English car. the, a, the, an
7.A little boy wrote __________ “U” and __________ “m” on the wall. a, an
8.This is __________interesting book and it is also__________useful one. an, a
9.Mike and his father traveled by__________bus. /
10.My mother often goes to __________bed late. /
二.根据上下文用a, an, the, 或/(不填)填空。
The universe means the earth, the sun, the moon and the stars and the space between them. Many of the stars are so far away that we cannot see them. The moon, our satellite, travels around the earth. It has already been visited by / man from the earth. The Manmade satellites have been sent up into / space by many countries. They go around the earth. They are used for helping us to learn more about the earth, the weather and other things. They are also used for sending and receiving messages. It makes people from different countries understand each other much better. So people say the world itself is becoming a much smaller place. People call the small palce “the global village”.
三.单项选择(中考真题)。
1.His wife got hurt in the accident. I didn’t know how to tell him_______bad news.(佛山中考)
A.a B.the C./ D.an
2.I’ve had_______bad headache all day, so I think I’ll go to _______bed early.(广州中考)
A.a;/ B./; the C./; / D.a; the
3.Jack enjoys watching TV, while Tom is interested in listening to _______music. (天津中考)
A.the B./ C.a D.an
4.--Do you enjoy your stay in Hangzhou
--Yes. I’ve had _______wonderful time.(杭州中考)
A./ B.a C.the D.an
5.--Do you know _______university student who is talking with Joe
--Yes, she’s my cousin, Kate.(成都中考)
A.a B.an C.the D./
6.Jason likes _______shape of the cake. It is_______heart.(绵阳中考)
A.the;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;a
7.--Will you get there by_______train
--No, I’ll take_______taxi.(天津中考)
A./; a B.a; the C./; / D.the; a
8.Yesterday _______8-year-old boy fell into the river._______boy was saved by a policeman.(张家口中考)
A.an; A B.an; The C.a; The D.a; An中考语法--冠词专项讲解与练习
冠词置于名词之前,有三种类型:(不定冠词)a、an,(定冠词)he,以及(零冠词/)。
Part 1不定冠词
不定冠词a, an的用法
1、不定冠词有a和an两个,表示“一个”,“一类”或“一”,可以说是单数名词的帽子,用于单数名词之前。
区别 Example
a 的用法 用于 开头的单词前 a bus; a university
an 的用法 用于 开头的单词前 an orange; an hour
思考:什么是元音音素?什么是元音字母?
26个字母使用不定冠词的情况。
A a [ei] B b [bi:] C c [si:] D d [di:]
E e [i:] F f [ef] G g [d i:] H h [eit∫]
I i [ai] J j [d ei] K k [kei] L l [el]
M m [em] N n [en] O o [ u] P p [pi:]
Q q [kju:] R r [ɑ:] S s [es] T t [ti:]
U u [ju:] V v [vi:] W w [′d∧blju:] X x [eks]
Y y [wai] Z z [zi:][zed]
前面使用“an”的字母:
口诀:___________________________________. (即字母:O H M R L E N I S A F O X)
例句: There is an “f” in the word “fox”.
There is a “b” in the word “box”.
Exercise 1
一、用a,an填空。
worker European country arm eye
island umbrella animal ear
x hour useful book bike
二、再看一看下面的句子,是填a 还是 an 呢?
1) There is old man under the tree.
2) Tom is honest boy. He is going to university in London.
3) Give me egg, please.
4) This is teacher. He is English teacher.
5) Would you like apple or pear
2、表示“每一”,相当于every。
如:我和露西每周上六天学。___________________________________
3、用在序数词前,表示“又一”、“再一”。
如:Mr. and Mrs. Shute had a daughter called Jane. Then they had a second child—a son.
舒特夫妇有一个女儿名叫简。不久,他们又有了一个小孩——一个儿子。
4、用于可视为一体的两个名词前。
如:a knife and fork一副刀叉
5、用在某些固定词组中。
如:a lot (of) 许多,大量 a little 一点儿 a few 一些,少数几个 in a hurry 匆忙
have a cold 感冒 make a face 做鬼脸 a number of许多 a pair of 一对
have a good time玩儿得很高兴,过得很愉快
have a swim=swim have a walk=______
have a look=_______ have a talk=______
Exercise 2
一、单项选择。
1. This is empty bottle. Could you give me full one
A. a, a B. an, a C. the, the D. /, a
2. Lily is 8-year-old girl.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
3. If you work hard, you’ll get _________ “A” in the exam.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. The farmer always works more than ten hours day on his farm.
A. one B. a C. the D. /
5. English is useful language.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
二、用冠词a, an完成下列短语。
1. 一个寒冷的早晨 2. 一双袜子
3. 一位老师兼歌手 4. 一件漂亮的裙子
5. 一条船 6. 一本语文书
7. 一座旧桥 8. 一个美国男孩
9. 一盒巧克力 10. 一小时
11. 一张纸 12. 一碗米饭
13. 一头大象 14. 一位勤奋的工人
三、根据汉语完成下列句子。
1. 那里有一辆小汽车。
There is over there.
2. 一位年轻的英语老师正在讲课。
is teaching now.
3. 没关系,你可以再试一次。
It doesn’t matter. You can have try.
4. 他们这周末将要去游泳。
They are going to have on this weekend.
Part 2定冠词
定冠词the的用法
1、特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。
如:The book on the desk is a story book. (特指桌上的那本书。)
2、表示世界上独一无二的事物。
如:the sun太阳 the moon月亮 the sky天空
3、在序数词、形容词最高级前。
如:上海是中国最大的城市之一。___________________________________
4、习惯用法中。
如:in the morning in the afternoon in the evening in the daytime on the left/right
7、定冠词the的其他用法
主要用法 例句
①与_________连用表示________,或与_______连用,表示________ the dollar 美元; the fox 狐狸; the living 生者;the rich 富人
②用于表示_____________的名词前 the east 东方; the left 左边
③用在表示___________的名词之前 常见的:drum, piano, violin, guitar She can play the piano. 她会弹钢琴。
④用在__________名词之前,表示一家人 the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
Exercise 3
一、根据括号里的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. Please give me (那本字典).
2. We live on (五楼).
3. He sits (在…右边) of me.
4. (太阳) is shining (在白天).
5. We arrived at (那个小村子) at last.
二、单项选择。
1. Summer Palace is one of most beautiful parks in world.
A. /, the, the B. The, a, the C. The, the, the D. A, a, a
2. Lucy likes playing violin.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
3. usually travel abroad on summer holiday.
A. The Green B. A Green C. Greens D. The Greens
4. man in blue is a teacher.
A. The B. A C. An D. /
5. They came here in autumn of 1982.
A. / B. the C. an D. a
三、用适当的冠词填空。
1. Jim is _________ honest boy. We all like him.
2. Sunday is first day of a week in the western countries.
3. girl in Grade Three is tallest in our school.
4. We have a music class once ________ week.
5. In evening, I often watch TV.
Part 3零冠词
零冠词也就是不用冠词
1、国名,人名前通常不用冠词。如:England英国,Mary玛丽
Eg: I’m from England and my name is Mary.
2、名词前有this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every等词时,不用冠词。
Eg: This is my hat. 这是我的帽子。
3、在表示交通工具、学科名称的名词前不加冠词。
如:by plane, by boat, on foot, Chinese
Eg: 我经常走路上学,但有时候我骑车上学。___________________________________
4、在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,一般不用冠词。
如:春天要来了。___________________________________
我们从星期一到星期五都上课。___________________________________
5、在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词,但是乐器前要加the。
如:have breakfast吃早饭
play chess玩象棋
____________打篮球
____________弹吉他
6、在一些固定词组中不加冠词。
如:at home在家 at first 起初 at last 最后 at once 立刻
at noon在中午 at work 在工作 on time准时 at night 在晚上
in school 在上学 in class 在课上 in bed 在床上 for example 例如
go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼
Exercise 4
一. 判断下列词语前是否需要冠词,需要的划“√”,不需要的划“×”。
1. Miss Susan 2. Australia 3. USA
4. play drum 5. My sister 6. play football
7. go to bed 8. by bus 9. at first
10. have supper
二、单项选择
1. We can’t see sun at night.
A. a, / B. a, the C. the, / D. the, the
2. I bought some flowers for my mother on Mother’s Day.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
3. This is John’s coat.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
4. After quick breakfast I hurried to school. ( go to school )
A. /, / B. a, / C. the, the D. the, /
5. Jack is learning Chinese and he says Chinese language is very beautiful.
A. /, / B. the, the C. /, the D. the, /
三、用适当的冠词填空,不需要的地方划“/”。
1. I often go to travel in other places in summer.
2. third question is most difficult one of the three.
3. map on wall of their classroom is map of China.
4. She often writes letters in English.
5. We have ________ good news!
Part 4综合练习
一.用a,an,the, /(代表不填)填空。
1.I often go to swim in __________summer.
2.My mother is telling me __________old story, but it is __________interesting story.
3.__________map on __________wall of their classroom is __________map of China.
4.Lily and Alice are in__________same class.
5.Spring is __________first season of the year.
6.Look at __________picture. There is __________building in the picture. In front of __________building, there is __________English car.
7.A little boy wrote __________ “U” and __________ “m” on the wall.
8.This is __________interesting book and it is also__________useful one.
9.Mike and his father traveled by__________bus.
10.My mother often goes to __________bed late.
二.根据上下文用a, an, the, 或/(不填)填空。
_______universe means_______earth, _______sun, _______moon and_______stars and _______space between them. Many of the stars are so far away that we cannot see them. _______moon, our satellite, travels around _______earth. It has already been visited by_______man from _______earth. _______Manmade satellites have been sent up into _______space by many countries. They go around the earth. They are used for helping us to learn more about the earth, _______weather and other things. They are also used for sending and receiving messages. It makes people from different countries understand each other much better. So people say _______world itself is becoming a much smaller place. People call the small palce “_______global village”.
三.单项选择(中考真题)。
1.His wife got hurt in the accident. I didn’t know how to tell him_______bad news.(佛山中考)
A.a B.the C./ D.an
2.I’ve had_______bad headache all day, so I think I’ll go to _______bed early.(广州中考)
A.a;/ B./; the C./; / D.a; the
3.Jack enjoys watching TV, while Tom is interested in listening to _______music. (天津中考)
A.the B./ C.a D.an
4.--Do you enjoy your stay in Hangzhou
--Yes. I’ve had _______wonderful time.(杭州中考)
A./ B.a C.the D.an
5.--Do you know _______university student who is talking with Joe
--Yes, she’s my cousin, Kate.(成都中考)
A.a B.an C.the D./
6.Jason likes _______shape of the cake. It is_______heart.(绵阳中考)
A.the;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;a
7.--Will you get there by_______train
--No, I’ll take_______taxi.(天津中考)
A./; a B.a; the C./; / D.the; a
8.Yesterday _______8-year-old boy fell into the river._______boy was saved by a policeman.(张家口中考)
A.an; A B.an; The C.a; The D.a; An