2022年中考英语语法复习之名词课件(共20张PPT)

(共20张PPT)
2022年中考英语语法知识复习之名词
by Nancy
可数名词与不可数名词
可数名词：可数名词是可以用来计数的名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式。
不可数名词：不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词，是不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西。不可数名词没有复数形式，只有单数形式。
注意：①一般情况下，不可数名词前不能用a/an来修饰
② 不可数名词作主语时，当做单数，谓语动词用单数
可数名词变复数的规则变化
规则
1 一般情况在词尾加-s book, apple,pear...
2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es eg, watch, box, class...
3 以-f或-fe结尾的词 变-f和-fe为v再加-es eg, life,wolf
加-s eg， proof， roof
4 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es eg, dicitionary, family...
5 以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-s
6 以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词 一般加-es eg, hero, potato, tomato...
7 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s eg, zoo, photo...
可数名词变复数的不规则变化
man---men woman--women
foot--feet tooth--teeth goose--geese
child--children mouse--mice
Chinese----Chinese， Japanese----Japanese
常见的不可数名词
advice建议 knowledge知识 power力量
experience经验 information信息 progress进步
trouble困难 wood木头；木材
time时间 fun快乐；开心
success成功 failure失败
可数名词和不可数名词量的表达
①可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。
②不可数名词的前面不能直接加a/an或数词，若要表示它的个体意义时，要加表示数量单位的词，通常用"单位词+of"来表示数量。
eg ,
a piece of paper一张纸
two apples两个苹果
对可数名词和不可数名词数量提问
How many 对可数名词数量提问
How much 对不可数名词数量/价格提问
名词所有格
1. 定义：名词所有格表示名词之间的所属关系，相当于屋主代词，分为-’s 所有格和 of 所有格两种形式
2. A’s and B’s +名词复数，表示两者分别有的
A and B’s +名词单数，表示两者共有的
名词变所有格的规则
单数名词在末尾加’s
复数名词 一般在末尾加’
不规则复数名词后加’s
以s结尾的人名所有格加’s或者’
表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加’s
表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加’s
表示＂某人家＂＂店铺＂，所有格后名词省略
注意： 双重所有格（of +名词所有格/名词性物主代词） 同时使用’s 和of的所有格，如：a friend of mine我的一个朋友
名词与主谓一致
①可数名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致。主语是单数时，谓语动词用单数，主语是复数时，谓语动词用复数，例如
The children are having an exam now.
②不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式
注意：不可数名词前有复数"单位词"时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
名词考点
1. 名词词义
2. 名词所有格
3. 不可数名词的量化
4. 可数名词变复数的规则和不规则变化
5. 主谓一致
名词练习题
1. Whether we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .
A. condition B. environment C. control D. ability
2. My dream is to be a ________ to fly in the sky like a bird in the future.
A. postman B. waiter C. pilot D. firefighter
3.Nowadays, more and more people use Huawei ____ because of their high quality (质量).
A. products B. projects C. partners D. process
4. It’s not wise to tell lies. You’d better tell the_____.
A.communication B. promise
C. truth D. difficulty
5. June lst is _______________ Day.
A. Children B. Children's C. Child D. Child's
6. . There are many_____________ teachers in this primary school.
A. woman B. woman's C. women D. women's
7.----Could you please give me some_________ about learning English
----Of course, you need more practice.
A. advice B. suggestion C.choice D.way
8. I love collecting __________ because it can teach me things about history.
A. scarves B. stones C. leaves D. stamps
9. Eric wants to add more _____to the dish. He prefers sweet food.
A. water B. salt C. sugar D. oil
10. If you make a ________ of what you have to do, you won't be in a hurry to do everything
A. list B. project C. decision D. choice
（二）用下列词的适当形式填空
1. Apple’s new machine, the Lisa, proved to be an expensive_________(fail).
2. Tourism should also advance the wealth and _________(happy) of local inhabitants.
3. They get advice from “_________(strange)”. When they need advice, they don’t usually go to people they know.
4. I made a _________(decide) to look at the flight monitors to see if there was an earlier flight to San Francisco.
failure
happiness
strangers
decision
（三）用名词填空
1. So what can we do in our everyday life Here’s some _________ .
2. She got on the bus, took a __________ and started to read a newspaper.
3.It looks beautiful when the road is covered with fallen l , at school in autumn.
4.You may sometimes feel worried and upset about your relations with your family members. Not getting along well with them probably has a bad on you.
advice
breath
eaves
effect
（三）用名词填空
5. When Lee is asked what his next plan is, he replies there's still a long way to go. This is just the _________.
6. Through such education, students will get basic working_______ for life and form good working habits.
7. The _______ of the study was to find out which method would help the students learn better.
8. Even as a teenager, you can achieve success in your life; it really isn’t that hard. Here is some _________ for you.
beginning
skills
purpose
advice
谢谢大家！