2022届高考英语复习：定语从句课件（71张）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语复习：定语从句课件（71张） |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 7.9MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2022-04-18 11:06:21 | ||
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文档简介
(共71张PPT)
定语从句
分类
定义
定语从句
先行词
关系词
定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定 语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它 所修饰的先行词之后
定语从句种类
限制性定语从句
The man you referred to is a pop
star.
非限制性定语从句
The room,in which I had lived for
ten years,was sold last year.
先行词：
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词
关系词：
引导定语从句的词叫关系词
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who,whom,whose,
which,that,as
when where why
关系词的作用
关系词作用：
A、引导定语从句；
B、代替先行词；
C、在定语从句中担
当一个成分
定语从句三步曲
(1)找先行词
(2)带到从句中，
确定成分
(3)推出关系词
关系代词
引导的
定语从句
关系代词who
(1).Academician(院士) Zhongnanshan is a great man who used to be a sports talent (运动达人） .
(2) .You have the power to spend your life with people who truly matter to you
关系代词whom
Mr.Liu is the person ( whom )
you talked about on the bus.
刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上
谈论的那个人。
(2)They are the most beautiful person in morden whom we should admire.
(3)你正在等的教授已经来了
The professor ( whom ) you are
waiting for has come.
who与whom
who /whom
(1) John is the boy __________ I gave
the money to.
(2) John is the boy to ________I gave
the money.
(3) This is Mr. Smith, _______you met
at the station.
(who/whom)
whom
whom
who/whom的先行词指人,who在定语从句中常作主语,whom在定语从句中常作宾语。who也可代替whom在从句中作宾语。但
（1）介词前置时,用whom。
（2）在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时，用whom,且不可省）
关系代词which
(作主语)
1.
This is the family which is planning to move to the city .
这是要搬进城里的一家。
(作宾语)
(2) This is the pen ( which )
he bought yesterday.
这是他昨天买的钢笔。
在限制性定语从句中，当
先行词在从句中做宾语时
关系词可省
that
that 既可指人又可指物；指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于
which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
(1)This is Huoshenshan Hospital that made more patients can be treated in time .
(2)
Yesterday I received a letter
that / which came from
Australia.
昨天我接到了一封来自澳大利亚
的信。
Note: that/who
(1)He is not the man ( ) he was.
(2)Who is the girl ( ) is standing at the gate.
(3)Those ( ) are for the plan raise
your hands.
that
who
that
只用that
1当先行词是nothing, something,
anything, all, each等 不定代词时。
Do you have anything that is
important to tell me
2、当先行词被all, any, some, no,
not, every, each等修饰时。
I have some books that are very
good.
3、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词
所修饰时。
This is the first book that I bought
myself.
4、当先行词被the very, the last, the
next, the only 等词修饰时。
This is the very book that I lost
yesterday.
5、当先行词又有人又有物时。
I won’t forget the things and the
persons that I saw.
只用which
1、非限制性定语从句中。
Mary has a book, which is very
precious.
2、在介词之后。
This is a house in which lives
an old man.
3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。
That dog which I found in the
street belongs to Mary.
translate into English
1.待在家里认真学习就是我在这次战斗中要做的正确事情。
2.一个国家永远需要那些明知危险，还要挺身而出的普通人。我们可以称他们“逆行人”
(1).Stay at home and study hard is the right thing that we can do for
the national fighting .
(2). A country always needs ordinary people who know
the danger and
stand up .
We can call them
Retrograde people
(逆行人）
whose
Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
(1)Li wenliang is a
great doctor whose
name we should
remember
forever.
Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
(2)I once lived in the house
whose roof has fallen in.
as
(1)在限制性定语从句中，必须 与such/the same/so连用
(2)在非限制性定语从句中与
expect/think/know/report
等连用
(1) I seldom give my students such a difficult problem as they cannot work out. (as 做宾语)
(2) The result is not the same as they had expected. (as 做宾语)
(2)As we all know, aviod visiting areas where the disease is prevalent（流行，盛行）
正如大家所知，避免去疾病正在流行的地区。
关系副词
引导的
定语从句
when
(1) I still remember the day
when I first came to this school.
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中
作时间状语
I still remember the day
I first came to this school on the day
Doctors from other cities headed for Wuhan on New Year's Eve when they can celebrate the Spring Festival with their families.
where
2.where 指地点，在定语从句中作地
点状语
(1)Shanghai is the city where
I was born
Shanghai is the city
I was born in the city
It took only 11 days to complete Leishenshan Hospital where it can hold 1600 hospital beds and 2000 medical workers .
why
why 指原因，在定语从句
中作原因状语。
I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
I don’t know the reason
he looks unhappy today for
the reason
I can't understand the exact reason
why students are always sleeping
during my class.
The reason why he didn’t go to school is that his mother was ill.
特殊
定语
从句
介词+关系词
１.含有介词的短语动词一般不
拆开，介词仍放在短语动词
的后面；拆开后意义变化
如：look for ,look after,
take care of等
This is the watch (which / that)
I am looking for.
若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；
关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。
关系代词是所有格时用whose
(2)The man with whom you
talked just now is my neighbor
用合适的介词填空
(1)Who’s the comrade __________
whom you just shook hands.
(2) Do you know the man _______ whom I spoke just now
with
to
用合适的介词填空
He built a telescope,_________
which he could study the skies.
4) My glasses, ____________ which I was a blind man, were lost yesterday.
through
without
介词+关系代词”前还可有
some, any, none, all, both,
neither, many,most, each, few等代词或者数词。
(1)He loves his parents deeply,
both of whom are very kind to him.
(2)There are forty students in our
class in all, most of whom are from
big cities
特殊where
如果定语从句分别修饰point,
situation, part, condition,place,
position和case等表示抽象意
义的词，常用where 引导，
意思是“到了某种地步，
在某种境况中” 。
(2). Our county is in the situation
where a person may be infected the dangerous virus.
(1)I’ve come to the point where
I can’t stand him.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。
the way
填上合适的关系词并分析原因：
1.The way _________________he explained the
sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _________________he explained to us
was quite simple.
that/ which/不填
that/in which/不填
缺状语
缺宾语
the way用做先行词
translate into English
1.我们应该保护我们赖以生存的大自然。
2.我们现在度一个老师想上班，学生想开学的寒假。
3.我们一定会迎来春暖花开，自由出行的这一天。
(1). we should protect nature that we human beings live on.
我们应该保护我们赖以生存的大自然.
Now we have been on a winter holiday during which teachers want to work and students want to go to school.
(3). we are come to the day when spring blossoms and we are free to walk .
Thank you!!
定语从句
分类
定义
定语从句
先行词
关系词
定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定 语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它 所修饰的先行词之后
定语从句种类
限制性定语从句
The man you referred to is a pop
star.
非限制性定语从句
The room,in which I had lived for
ten years,was sold last year.
先行词：
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词
关系词：
引导定语从句的词叫关系词
关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who,whom,whose,
which,that,as
when where why
关系词的作用
关系词作用：
A、引导定语从句；
B、代替先行词；
C、在定语从句中担
当一个成分
定语从句三步曲
(1)找先行词
(2)带到从句中，
确定成分
(3)推出关系词
关系代词
引导的
定语从句
关系代词who
(1).Academician(院士) Zhongnanshan is a great man who used to be a sports talent (运动达人） .
(2) .You have the power to spend your life with people who truly matter to you
关系代词whom
Mr.Liu is the person ( whom )
you talked about on the bus.
刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上
谈论的那个人。
(2)They are the most beautiful person in morden whom we should admire.
(3)你正在等的教授已经来了
The professor ( whom ) you are
waiting for has come.
who与whom
who /whom
(1) John is the boy __________ I gave
the money to.
(2) John is the boy to ________I gave
the money.
(3) This is Mr. Smith, _______you met
at the station.
(who/whom)
whom
whom
who/whom的先行词指人,who在定语从句中常作主语,whom在定语从句中常作宾语。who也可代替whom在从句中作宾语。但
（1）介词前置时,用whom。
（2）在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时，用whom,且不可省）
关系代词which
(作主语)
1.
This is the family which is planning to move to the city .
这是要搬进城里的一家。
(作宾语)
(2) This is the pen ( which )
he bought yesterday.
这是他昨天买的钢笔。
在限制性定语从句中，当
先行词在从句中做宾语时
关系词可省
that
that 既可指人又可指物；指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于
which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
(1)This is Huoshenshan Hospital that made more patients can be treated in time .
(2)
Yesterday I received a letter
that / which came from
Australia.
昨天我接到了一封来自澳大利亚
的信。
Note: that/who
(1)He is not the man ( ) he was.
(2)Who is the girl ( ) is standing at the gate.
(3)Those ( ) are for the plan raise
your hands.
that
who
that
只用that
1当先行词是nothing, something,
anything, all, each等 不定代词时。
Do you have anything that is
important to tell me
2、当先行词被all, any, some, no,
not, every, each等修饰时。
I have some books that are very
good.
3、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词
所修饰时。
This is the first book that I bought
myself.
4、当先行词被the very, the last, the
next, the only 等词修饰时。
This is the very book that I lost
yesterday.
5、当先行词又有人又有物时。
I won’t forget the things and the
persons that I saw.
只用which
1、非限制性定语从句中。
Mary has a book, which is very
precious.
2、在介词之后。
This is a house in which lives
an old man.
3、当主句中的主语被that修饰时。
That dog which I found in the
street belongs to Mary.
translate into English
1.待在家里认真学习就是我在这次战斗中要做的正确事情。
2.一个国家永远需要那些明知危险，还要挺身而出的普通人。我们可以称他们“逆行人”
(1).Stay at home and study hard is the right thing that we can do for
the national fighting .
(2). A country always needs ordinary people who know
the danger and
stand up .
We can call them
Retrograde people
(逆行人）
whose
Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
(1)Li wenliang is a
great doctor whose
name we should
remember
forever.
Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
(2)I once lived in the house
whose roof has fallen in.
as
(1)在限制性定语从句中，必须 与such/the same/so连用
(2)在非限制性定语从句中与
expect/think/know/report
等连用
(1) I seldom give my students such a difficult problem as they cannot work out. (as 做宾语)
(2) The result is not the same as they had expected. (as 做宾语)
(2)As we all know, aviod visiting areas where the disease is prevalent（流行，盛行）
正如大家所知，避免去疾病正在流行的地区。
关系副词
引导的
定语从句
when
(1) I still remember the day
when I first came to this school.
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中
作时间状语
I still remember the day
I first came to this school on the day
Doctors from other cities headed for Wuhan on New Year's Eve when they can celebrate the Spring Festival with their families.
where
2.where 指地点，在定语从句中作地
点状语
(1)Shanghai is the city where
I was born
Shanghai is the city
I was born in the city
It took only 11 days to complete Leishenshan Hospital where it can hold 1600 hospital beds and 2000 medical workers .
why
why 指原因，在定语从句
中作原因状语。
I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
I don’t know the reason
he looks unhappy today for
the reason
I can't understand the exact reason
why students are always sleeping
during my class.
The reason why he didn’t go to school is that his mother was ill.
特殊
定语
从句
介词+关系词
１.含有介词的短语动词一般不
拆开，介词仍放在短语动词
的后面；拆开后意义变化
如：look for ,look after,
take care of等
This is the watch (which / that)
I am looking for.
若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；
关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。
关系代词是所有格时用whose
(2)The man with whom you
talked just now is my neighbor
用合适的介词填空
(1)Who’s the comrade __________
whom you just shook hands.
(2) Do you know the man _______ whom I spoke just now
with
to
用合适的介词填空
He built a telescope,_________
which he could study the skies.
4) My glasses, ____________ which I was a blind man, were lost yesterday.
through
without
介词+关系代词”前还可有
some, any, none, all, both,
neither, many,most, each, few等代词或者数词。
(1)He loves his parents deeply,
both of whom are very kind to him.
(2)There are forty students in our
class in all, most of whom are from
big cities
特殊where
如果定语从句分别修饰point,
situation, part, condition,place,
position和case等表示抽象意
义的词，常用where 引导，
意思是“到了某种地步，
在某种境况中” 。
(2). Our county is in the situation
where a person may be infected the dangerous virus.
(1)I’ve come to the point where
I can’t stand him.
我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。
the way
填上合适的关系词并分析原因：
1.The way _________________he explained the
sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _________________he explained to us
was quite simple.
that/ which/不填
that/in which/不填
缺状语
缺宾语
the way用做先行词
translate into English
1.我们应该保护我们赖以生存的大自然。
2.我们现在度一个老师想上班，学生想开学的寒假。
3.我们一定会迎来春暖花开，自由出行的这一天。
(1). we should protect nature that we human beings live on.
我们应该保护我们赖以生存的大自然.
Now we have been on a winter holiday during which teachers want to work and students want to go to school.
(3). we are come to the day when spring blossoms and we are free to walk .
Thank you!!