小升初语法专题—冠词 课件（共42张PPT）

(共42张PPT)
语法专题
冠词专题
AUSTRACE
Anna
冠词的概念
是用在名词前面，说明名词所表示的人或事物的词
01
不定冠词（a/an）
定冠词（the）
零冠词（即不用冠词）
冠词的分类
不定冠词的用法
不定冠词a/an的区别
规则：a用在辅音音素之前，an用在元音音素前
eg. an apple, a boy
____ useful book ____ umbrella
____ hour and ____ half
There is ____ “r” and ____ “y” in the word “cry”.
看首字母是元音发音，还是辅音发音
a
an
an
a
an
a
48个国际音标
Practice: 用a或an填空
1. This is ____pear and that is ____ apple.
2.Mary has ____dictionary. She get it from her uncle.
3. Do you have ____QQ number
4. This is ___orange. It is ___ small orange.
5. There is ___ “s” in the word “bus”.
6. There is ____“h” and ____ “u” in the word “hour”.
7. My teacher give me ___useful book.
8. I have ___ hour to do my homework.
9. Do you have ___ umbrella
10. She wear ___ uniform.
a
an
a
a
an
a
an
an
a
a
an
an
a
不定冠词a/an的基本用法
1. 表示“一”或“一个”
eg. a university
an umbrella
2. 表示第一次提到
eg. I looked up and saw a plane.
我向上看，看到了一架飞机。
不定冠词a/an的用法
3. 表示度量，用在时间，速度，价格等名词前面，译作“每..., 每一...”
eg. 40 kilometers an hour 40千米/小时
three meals a day一天三顿饭
一周两次 twice a week
Practice:
1. Take the medicine three times ____ day.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
2.I earn 10 dollars ____hour as _____supermarket
cashier on Saturdays.
A. a; an B. the; a C. an; a D. an; the
3. France is ____ European country and China is _____ Asian country. Italy is also a country in _____ Europe.
A. a; a; a B. an; an; an C. a; an; the D. a; an; /
4. a/an + 序数词，表示 “再一，又一”
eg. I failed three times. I'll try a fourth time.
我失败了三次。我会再试一次。
如果你失败了，你可以再试一次。
You can try a second time if you fail.
不定冠词a/an的用法
Practice:
1.The cakes are delicious. He’d like to have ___
third one because ____ second one is rather too
small.
A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a
2. Huangshan is ____ most beautiful tourist site
and I want to visit it ____ second time next month.
A. the; the B. the; a C. a; a D. a; the
5. a/an + 形容词最高级，等于a very
eg. Hangzhou is a most beautiful city.
= Hangzhou is a very beautiful city.
杭州是一个非常漂亮的城市。
比较：
a / the most interesting book
非常有趣/最有趣的书
不定冠词a/an的用法
不定冠词a/an的用法
6. a/an + 人名，表示不确定的某人
eg. A Smith called you just now.
刚才有个叫史密斯的人给你打了电话。
(不认识，并不清楚是哪个人，只知道叫史密斯)
A Mary came to visit you when you were out.
你出门的时候，有个叫玛丽的人来拜访你过了。
不定冠词a/an的用法
7. 用在少数不可数名词前，表示 “一点，一种，一场，一顿，一阵等”
eg. Reading is a joy to me.
阅读对我来说是一种乐趣。
a smile 一丝微笑 a coffee一杯咖啡
a heavy rain 一场大雨
make a noise 制造一些噪音
不定冠词a/an的用法
8. 用在一些固定词组中
eg. in a word 总而言之 a couple of 一对
all of a sudden = suddenly 突然
as a matter of a fact = in fact 事实上
do sb a favor = help sb 帮助某人
in a day or two 一两天后
catch a cold 感冒 have a word with 和谁说话
take a break 休息一下
Practice:
1. It’s ____ pleasure to talk with you.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
2. Where there is ____ will, there's a way.
A. / B. a C. an D. the
3.____China is ____ old country with ____long
history. A. The, an, a B. The, a, a
C. /, an, the D. /, an, a
4. -Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith
-Sorry, wrong number. There isn’t ____ Mr. Smith
here. A. / B. a C. the D. an
5. He wanted to be ____ Newton when he was a child.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
6. Experts think that ____ recently discovered painting may be ____ Picsso(毕加索).
A. the; / B. the; a C. a; / D. a; the
定冠词的用法
定冠词the的用法
1. 基本用法：确定特指，指特定的人或事物，或上文已经提到过的人或事物，或谈话双方都明确的人或事物。
eg. Close the door.
(谈话双方都明确的那个门)
I borrowed a book last week. The book is interesting.
(第一次提用a，第二次用the)
2. the + 单数名词，泛指一类人或物
eg. The horse is a useful animal.
(the horse表示马这一类动物，而不是某一匹马)
The train goes faster than the car.
火车比汽车快。
“一类”的其他方式：
A train goes faster than a car.
Trains go faster than cars.
定冠词the的用法
3. the + 序数词，the + 形容词最高级，the only, the very, the same
eg. I live on the second floor.
This is the best present I've ever got.
This is the very thing I've been looking for.
这正是我一直在找的东西。
比较：
a / the most interesting book
非常有趣/最有趣的书
定冠词the的用法
定冠词the的用法
4. 表示世界上独一无二的自然现象
eg. the earth the sun the moon
the world the universe 宇宙
5. 表示方位、左右
in the east/west in the middle
on the right on the left
The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东边升起。
比较: a full moon a blue sky in space
定冠词the的用法
6. the + 乐器
eg. play the piano/violin/guitar
7. the +形容词，表示一类人
eg. the rich/poor/young/old/sick/dead/wouded
The rich get richer, and the poor get poorer.
The young have to learn from the old.
比较： play football/basketball
8. 用在表示时间的词组中
eg. in the morning/ afternoon/ evening
in the daytime 在白天
in the past 在过去
in the 1980's/1980s 在20世纪80年代
in the 20th century
定冠词the的用法
9. the + 姓氏复数，表示一家子(谓语动词用复数)
eg. the Smiths 史密斯一家
The Johns are moving to Shanghai.
10. 动词+sb.+介词+ the +人体部位或衣物
eg. She caught me by the arm. 她抓住了我的手臂。
A ball hit him on the head.
He kicked him in the belly.
定冠词the的用法
11. the + 专有名词，用在国家、组织、会议、江河湖海等地理名称前面(少数除外，如Moutain Tai)
eg. the People's Republic of China
the West Lake the Changjiang River
the Taiwan Strait 台湾海峡 the Great Wall
定冠词the的用法
定冠词the的用法
12. 句型 “越..., 越...”:
The + 比较级，the + 比较级
eg. The more, the better.
The older I get, the happier I am.
The earlier you go, the sooner you will be back.
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
Practice:
1. _____ moon moves around _____ sun.
A. /; / B. The; the C. A; a D. The; /
2. We live in _____ south of China.
A. a B. the C. / D. an
3. _____ Browns _____ watching TV.
A. The; is B. The; are C. /; is D. /; are
4. Whether early in ____ morning or late at ___ night, he may be in his office.
A. the; the B. the; / C．/; the D．/; /
冠词Articles
—零冠词(即不用冠词)
1. 大多数人名地名、不可数名词前面，不用冠词
eg. Tom China New York Zhejiang milk
2. “职位+ 人名”或职位在句中作补语时，前面不用冠词
eg. Chairman Mao President Obama
She was elected/made monitor of our class.
她被选为我们班长。(补充说明she)
He, headmaster of our school, visited my class yesterday.
The headmaster of our school visited ...
零冠词的用法(不用冠词)
零冠词的用法(不用冠词)
1. 大多数人名地名、不可数名词前面，不用冠词
eg. Tom China New York Zhejiang milk
2. “职位+ 人名”或职位在句中作补语时，前面不用冠词
eg. Chairman Mao President Obama
She was elected/made monitor of our class.
她被选为我们班长。(补充说明she)
He, headmaster of our school, visited my class yesterday.
The headmaster of our school visited ...
零冠词的用法(不用冠词)
3. 季节、月份、星期几、节日前面，不用冠词
eg. in winter/spring
in March/April
on Tuesday/Friday
on Christmas
Happy Children's day
比较：in the spring of 1998
(明确的特定的某一个春天，用the)
零冠词的用法(不用冠词)
4. 零冠词+复数或不可数名词, 泛指一类人或物
eg. They are teachers, not students.
Cats are lovely animals.
Knowledge is power.
总结----类别：
the + 单：The cat is a lovely animal.
the +形容词: the rich
a + 单(少见) : A cat is a lovely animal.
零冠词 + 复/不可数: Cats are lovely animals.
零冠词的用法(不用冠词)
5. 语言、学科、三餐、球类、棋类等前面，不用冠词
eg. learn English play football play chess
have breakfast/lunch/dinner
比较： learn the English language
have a wonderful lunch
(lunch前有修饰用a/an)
The breakfast was well cooked.
(明确的特定的某一餐，用the)
Practice:
1. This coat is made of _____ cotton.
A. a B. the C. an D. /
2. _____ Father's Day comes on _____ third Sunday in ____ June.
A. /; the; / B. /; the; a
C.the; /; the D. the; a; the
3. After ____ quick breakfast, I hurried to ____
school.
A. /; the B. /; / C. a; / D. a; the
6. 成对出现的词组前面，不用冠词
eg. day and night 日以继夜
husband and wife 夫妻
face to face 面对面
side by side/ hand in hand 肩并肩/手拉手
from beginning to end 从头到尾
7. 其他固定词组中，不用冠词
eg. on foot at home at night
in fact after school 放学后
in danger on fire着火
比较交通工具：
by bus take a bus ride in a bus
catch a train
8. 指地点的名词，前有冠词表示该处所；前无冠词表示该处所的功能
eg. in the hospital 在医院里 in hospital 住院
in the school in school
go to the church go to church
类似的需要区别意义的：
in the future in furture
take the place of take place
in the front of in front of
Practice:
1. Don't stand in ____ front of the bus!
I like to sit in ____ of the bus.
2. She is sitting at ____ table reading a book.
He doesn't like to talk at ____ table.
3. They often play ____ chess after ____ school.
A. the B. /
Thanks