小学英语语法及练习讲义
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语法及练习
语法及练习1 be动词
Be 动词的用法：
(1) Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，复数全用are。
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.
(3) 一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom
6. Where _____ your mother She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father
8. Mike and Lin Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this
10. Whose socks ______ they
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I
13.The jeans ______ on the desk.
14. Here ______ a scarf for you.
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
16. The black gloves ______ for Sue Yang.
17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
19. Some tea ______ in the glass.
20. Lucy's shirt _______ over there.
21. My sister's name ______Nancy.
22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
23. ______ David and Helen from England
24. There ______ a girl in the room.
25. There ______ some apples on the tree.
26. _______ there any kites in the classroom
27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle
28. There _______ some bread on the plate.
29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
30. You, he and I ______ from China.
语法及练习2 人称代词和物主代词
人称代词和物主代词
1．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
2．物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。
一.填写代词表主格。
I it we
you them
his your
hers
二.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4. _________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What color are _________ ( you )
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ( she )
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________ ( you )
8. Show _________ your kite, OK (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10. Are these ________ tickets No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they )
11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job _________ a nurse. ( she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14. Where are _________ I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20. May I sit beside _________ ( you )
21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ）
22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
语法及练习3 名词复数和动词三单
一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
练习：写出下列各词的复数。
I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ book_______
child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ people________
二．动词三单的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
练习: 写出下列动词的第三人称单数。
drink ________ go _______ stay ________
make ________ look _________ have_______
pass_______ carry ____ come________
watch______plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush________ teach_______
语法及练习4 一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike
2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如：- Do you often play football - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如：- Does she go to work by bike - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work
一般现在时用法专练:
一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Li Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Sue and Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _______(be) it today － It’s Saturday.
二、按照要求改写句子。
1. Daniel watches TV every evening. (改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day. (改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk. (改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) ___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games. (改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ___________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning. (改为否定句) _______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well. (改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park. (对划线部分提问) ________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada. (对划线部分提问) ___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student. (改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating. (改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teaches us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
语法及练习5 现在进行时
现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing
但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim _________ make__________ go_________ like________ write________ ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ love_________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________
sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes Yes ,she is.
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework. (分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________
2．The students are cleaning the classroom. ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
3．I’m playing the football in the playground. (对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________
4．Tom is reading books in his study. (对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________
语法及练习6 将来时
将来时
一、概念：
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do； ②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend
五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed 六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday
I _______ ______ _____ play basketball. What _________ you do next Monday
I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________ Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet
改句子。
5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）
Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）
I _______ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow
8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9. She is going to listen to music after school. (对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
14. What do you usually do at weekends I usually ________ (watch) TV and ________(catch) insects
15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm.
What ______________ (do) next Sunday I ______________ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Mike ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.
语法及练习7 一般过去时
一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
Be动词的过去时练习
一、用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
二、句型转换。
1. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、 中译英。
1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。 ___________________________________________________________
2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 ___________________________________________________________
3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。 ___________________________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习
一、用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday Yes, he ______.
6. Mike _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
二、句型转换。
1. They played football in the playground.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、中译英。
1. 格林先生去年住在中国。 ________________________________________________________
2. 昨天我们参观了农场。 ________________________________________________________
3. 他刚才在找他的手机。 ________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（1）
一、 用动词的适当形式填空。
1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.
2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.
3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.
4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)
6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)
7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.
8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday No, they _____.
9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.
10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.
二、 中译英。
1. 我们上周五看了一部电影。 _________________________________________________________
2. 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。 _________________________________________________________
3. 你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。 _________________________________________________________
4. 你上周在哪儿 在野营基地。 _________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习
一、用动词的适当形式填空。
1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.
2. Mike ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
4. What ____ you ______ just now I _______ some housework. (do)
5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)
7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning Yes, he _____. (water)
8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.
9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.
10.What ______ Mike do on the farm He ________ cows. (milk)
二、中译英。
1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。 _________________________________________________________
2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。 _________________________________________________________
3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。 _________________________________________________________
语法及练习8 There be 句型与have, has
There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。 6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： What’s + 介词短语？
Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”
1. I________a good father and a good mother.
2. ____________a telescope on the desk.
3. He_________a tape-recorder.
4. _____________a basketball in the playground.
5. She__________some dresses.
6. They___________a nice garden.
7. What do you___________
8. ______________a reading-room in the building
9. What does Mike___________
10. ______________any books in the bookcase
11. My father_________a story-book.
12. _______________a story-book on the table.
13. _______________any flowers in the vase
14. How many students____________in the classroom
15. My parents___________some nice pictures.
16. _____________some maps on the wall.
17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.
18. David__________a telescope.
19. David’s friends___________some tents.
20. ______________many children on the hill.
Fill in the blank with “ have, has ”
1. I_________ a nice puppet.
2. He_________a good friend.
3. They__________ some masks.
4. We___________some flowers.
5. She___________ a duck.
6. My father____________ a new bike.
7. Her mother___________a vase.
8. Our teacher_________ an English book.
9. Our teachers___________a basketball.
10. Their parents___________some blankets
11. Nancy_________many skirts.
12. David__________some jackets.
13. My friends__________a football.
14. What do you__________
15. What does Mike__________
16. What do your friends___________
17. What does Helen___________
18. His brother________a basketball.
19. Her sister_________a nice doll.
20. Miss Li__________an English book.
条件句第一讲：条件句的概述以及现在时态的条件句
条件句的概述：
(1) 什么叫条件句？
英文称作conditional sentences，指的是一个事实的发生需要依赖于另一个事实，也就是需要一个条件才能发生，所以叫条件句。
如果 条件(condition) 存在， 则 结果(consequence) 发生
condition consequence
(2) 条件句的分类：
条件句分为两种：真实条件句 和 虚拟条件句
真实条件句(real conditional)：条件和结果在日常生活中都是真实发生的
虚拟条件句(Unreal Conditional)：条件是假设的，想象的，通常都是不能实现的，换句话说，只能意淫，不能成真。这里看好了，是条件是假设的，假设完条件，结果建立在一个虚拟条件下，为真。
(3) 引导词，由if和when引导，if考点较多
区别点1：
If：指单次发生，或者较少发生的条件。比如我一年去小明家一次，那就用if
When：只习惯性发生的条件。比如我经常去小明家，那就用when
区别点2：
If既可以用在真实条件句，也可以用在虚拟条件句
When只能用在真实条件句
(4) 从时态上来讲，分为四种：
现在 present
过去 past
将来 future
混合 mixed
一个一个来看，讲法是先现在时态，分为真实，和虚拟，然后过去……
现在条件句 (Present Conditionals)
1. 现在时态的真实条件句 (Present Real Conditional)
(1) 格式 (form)
[ If / When ... Simple Present ..., ... Simple Present ... ]
[ If / When + 一般现在时态, 一般现在时态 ]
[ ... Simple Present ... if / when ... Simple Present ... ]
[ 一般现在时态 + if / when + 一般现在时态 ]
(2) 用法：
The Present Real Conditional is used to talk about what you normally do in real-life situations.
现在时态的真实条件句用来谈论现实生活中现在你平时做的
Examples:
If I go to a friend's house for dinner, I usually take a bottle of wine or some flowers.
(如果我去朋友家吃饭，通常我会带一瓶酒和一些鲜花过去。)
条件：如果我去朋友家吃饭
结果：我会带一瓶酒和一些鲜花过去
真实性：真实。平时确实是这么做的。
时态：一般现在，说明过去我一直这么做，现在也这么做，并且很可能将来也这么做下去。
其他例子不一一分析，自行按照上述方法分析，写出条件，结果，真实性和时态
When I have a day off from work, I often go to the beach.
If the weather is nice, she walks to work.
Jerry helps me with my homework when he has time.
I read if there is nothing on TV.
A: What do you do when it rains
B: I stay at home.
A: Where do you stay if you go to Sydney
B: I stay with my friends near the harbor.
2. 现在时态的虚拟条件句 (Present Unreal Conditional)
(1) 格式 (Form)
[If ... Simple Past ..., ... would + verb ...]
[If + 一般过去时态, ... would + verb ...]
[... would + verb ... if ... Simple Past ...]
[… would + verb ... + if + 一般过去时态]
(2) 用法：
The Present Unreal Conditional is used to talk about what you would generally do in imaginary situations.
现在时态的虚拟条件句用来表达现在你想像中做的，条件是不真实的，是你想象的，假设的。
Examples:
If I owned a car, I would drive to work. But I don't own a car.
(如果我有车，我会开车去上班。但是我没有车)
条件：如果我有车
结果：我会开车去上班
真实性：虚拟。我没有车，有车这个条件是我假设的，虚拟的。
时态：一般现在，说明过去我一直这么想象，现在也这么想象，并且很可能将来也这么想象下去。
She would travel around the world if she had more money. But she doesn't have much money.
I would read more if I didn't watch so much TV.
Mary would move to Japan if she spoke Japanese.
If they worked harder, they would earn more money.
A: What would you do if you won the lottery
B: I would buy a house.
A: Where would you live if you moved to the U.S.
B: I would live in Seattle.
(3) 在虚拟条件句中，只可以用if，不可以用when
语法及练习1 be动词
Be 动词的用法：
(1) Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，复数全用are。
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.
(3) 一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.
用恰当的be动词填空。
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jack's sister.
3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
5. ______ your brother in the classroom
6. Where _____ your mother She ______ at home.
7. How _______ your father
8. Mike and Lin Tao ______ at school.
9. Whose dress ______ this
10. Whose socks ______ they
11. That ______ my red skirt.
12. Who ______ I
13.The jeans ______ on the desk.
14. Here ______ a scarf for you.
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
16. The black gloves ______ for Sue Yang.
17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.
19. Some tea ______ in the glass.
20. Lucy's shirt _______ over there.
21. My sister's name ______Nancy.
22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.
23. ______ David and Helen from England
24. There ______ a girl in the room.
25. There ______ some apples on the tree.
26. _______ there any kites in the classroom
27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle
28. There _______ some bread on the plate.
29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
30. You, he and I ______ from China.
语法及练习2 人称代词和物主代词
人称代词和物主代词
1．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。
2．物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。
一.填写代词表主格。
I it we
you them
his your
hers
二.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )
3. Is this _________ watch (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )
4. _________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )
5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What color are _________ ( you )
6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ( she )
7. I can find my toy, but where’s _________ ( you )
8. Show _________ your kite, OK (they)
9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
10. Are these ________ tickets No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they )
11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom That is _________ classroom. ( we )
12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job _________ a nurse. ( she )
13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )
14. Where are _________ I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they )
15. Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!
16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )
17. _________ don’t know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )
18. So many dogs. Let’s count _________. ( they )
19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )
20. May I sit beside _________ ( you )
21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ）
22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )
语法及练习3 名词复数和动词三单
一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds
2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
练习：写出下列各词的复数。
I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ book_______
child _______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ people________
二．动词三单的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies
练习: 写出下列动词的第三人称单数。
drink ________ go _______ stay ________
make ________ look _________ have_______
pass_______ carry ____ come________
watch______plant_______ fly ________
study_______ brush________ teach_______
语法及练习4 一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike
2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。
如：- Do you often play football - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。
如：- Does she go to work by bike - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work
一般现在时用法专练:
一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Li Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Sue and Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. －What day _______(be) it today － It’s Saturday.
二、按照要求改写句子。
1. Daniel watches TV every evening. (改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day. (改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk. (改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) ___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games. (改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ___________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning. (改为否定句) _______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well. (改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park. (对划线部分提问) ________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada. (对划线部分提问) ___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student. (改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating. (改为否定句) ___________________________________________________
三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teaches us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
语法及练习5 现在进行时
现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing
但疑问词当主语时其结构为： 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run__________ swim _________ make__________ go_________ like________ write________ ski___________
read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ love_________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________
sit ________ begin________ shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now
5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
8.What is our granddaughter doing She _________(listen ) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now 10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes Yes ,she is.
三、句型转换：
1. They are doing housework. (分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________
2．The students are cleaning the classroom. ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________
3．I’m playing the football in the playground. (对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________
4．Tom is reading books in his study. (对划线部分进行提问) _________________________________________________________________
语法及练习6 将来时
将来时
一、概念：
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do； ②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend
五、对划线部分提问：一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
2. 问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed 六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday
I _______ ______ _____ play basketball. What _________ you do next Monday
I ________ play basketball.
3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________ Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet
改句子。
5. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）
Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）
I _______ go ______ join them.
7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow
8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9. She is going to listen to music after school. (对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school
10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
14. What do you usually do at weekends I usually ________ (watch) TV and ________(catch) insects
15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm.
What ______________ (do) next Sunday I ______________ (milk) cows.
17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18. Mike ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.
语法及练习7 一般过去时
一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
Be动词的过去时练习
一、用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
二、句型转换。
1. There was a car in front of the house just now.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、 中译英。
1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。 ___________________________________________________________
2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。 ___________________________________________________________
3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。 ___________________________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习
一、用be动词的适当形式填空。
1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival
5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday Yes, he ______.
6. Mike _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
二、句型转换。
1. They played football in the playground.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、中译英。
1. 格林先生去年住在中国。 ________________________________________________________
2. 昨天我们参观了农场。 ________________________________________________________
3. 他刚才在找他的手机。 ________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（1）
一、 用动词的适当形式填空。
1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday.
2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night.
3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day.
4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday.
5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she ______ a book yesterday. (read)
6. He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now. (play)
7. Jim’s mother _________ (plant) trees just now.
8. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday No, they _____.
9. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.
10. We ___________ (go) to school on Sunday.
二、 中译英。
1. 我们上周五看了一部电影。 _________________________________________________________
2. 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。 _________________________________________________________
3. 你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。 _________________________________________________________
4. 你上周在哪儿 在野营基地。 _________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习
一、用动词的适当形式填空。
1. It _____ (be) the 2nd of November yesterday. Mr White ________ (go) to his office by car.
2. Mike ________ (put) the book on his head a moment ago.
3. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
4. What ____ you ______ just now I _______ some housework. (do)
5. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
6. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)
7. _______ he ______ the flowers this morning Yes, he _____. (water)
8. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (do) Chinese dances.
9. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.
10.What ______ Mike do on the farm He ________ cows. (milk)
二、中译英。
1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。 _________________________________________________________
2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。 _________________________________________________________
3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。 _________________________________________________________
语法及练习8 There be 句型与have, has
There be 句型与have, has的区别
1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）
2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。
3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。
4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。
5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。 6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。
7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： What’s + 介词短语？
Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”
1. I________a good father and a good mother.
2. ____________a telescope on the desk.
3. He_________a tape-recorder.
4. _____________a basketball in the playground.
5. She__________some dresses.
6. They___________a nice garden.
7. What do you___________
8. ______________a reading-room in the building
9. What does Mike___________
10. ______________any books in the bookcase
11. My father_________a story-book.
12. _______________a story-book on the table.
13. _______________any flowers in the vase
14. How many students____________in the classroom
15. My parents___________some nice pictures.
16. _____________some maps on the wall.
17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.
18. David__________a telescope.
19. David’s friends___________some tents.
20. ______________many children on the hill.
Fill in the blank with “ have, has ”
1. I_________ a nice puppet.
2. He_________a good friend.
3. They__________ some masks.
4. We___________some flowers.
5. She___________ a duck.
6. My father____________ a new bike.
7. Her mother___________a vase.
8. Our teacher_________ an English book.
9. Our teachers___________a basketball.
10. Their parents___________some blankets
11. Nancy_________many skirts.
12. David__________some jackets.
13. My friends__________a football.
14. What do you__________
15. What does Mike__________
16. What do your friends___________
17. What does Helen___________
18. His brother________a basketball.
19. Her sister_________a nice doll.
20. Miss Li__________an English book.
条件句第一讲：条件句的概述以及现在时态的条件句
条件句的概述：
(1) 什么叫条件句？
英文称作conditional sentences，指的是一个事实的发生需要依赖于另一个事实，也就是需要一个条件才能发生，所以叫条件句。
如果 条件(condition) 存在， 则 结果(consequence) 发生
condition consequence
(2) 条件句的分类：
条件句分为两种：真实条件句 和 虚拟条件句
真实条件句(real conditional)：条件和结果在日常生活中都是真实发生的
虚拟条件句(Unreal Conditional)：条件是假设的，想象的，通常都是不能实现的，换句话说，只能意淫，不能成真。这里看好了，是条件是假设的，假设完条件，结果建立在一个虚拟条件下，为真。
(3) 引导词，由if和when引导，if考点较多
区别点1：
If：指单次发生，或者较少发生的条件。比如我一年去小明家一次，那就用if
When：只习惯性发生的条件。比如我经常去小明家，那就用when
区别点2：
If既可以用在真实条件句，也可以用在虚拟条件句
When只能用在真实条件句
(4) 从时态上来讲，分为四种：
现在 present
过去 past
将来 future
混合 mixed
一个一个来看，讲法是先现在时态，分为真实，和虚拟，然后过去……
现在条件句 (Present Conditionals)
1. 现在时态的真实条件句 (Present Real Conditional)
(1) 格式 (form)
[ If / When ... Simple Present ..., ... Simple Present ... ]
[ If / When + 一般现在时态, 一般现在时态 ]
[ ... Simple Present ... if / when ... Simple Present ... ]
[ 一般现在时态 + if / when + 一般现在时态 ]
(2) 用法：
The Present Real Conditional is used to talk about what you normally do in real-life situations.
现在时态的真实条件句用来谈论现实生活中现在你平时做的
Examples:
If I go to a friend's house for dinner, I usually take a bottle of wine or some flowers.
(如果我去朋友家吃饭，通常我会带一瓶酒和一些鲜花过去。)
条件：如果我去朋友家吃饭
结果：我会带一瓶酒和一些鲜花过去
真实性：真实。平时确实是这么做的。
时态：一般现在，说明过去我一直这么做，现在也这么做，并且很可能将来也这么做下去。
其他例子不一一分析，自行按照上述方法分析，写出条件，结果，真实性和时态
When I have a day off from work, I often go to the beach.
If the weather is nice, she walks to work.
Jerry helps me with my homework when he has time.
I read if there is nothing on TV.
A: What do you do when it rains
B: I stay at home.
A: Where do you stay if you go to Sydney
B: I stay with my friends near the harbor.
2. 现在时态的虚拟条件句 (Present Unreal Conditional)
(1) 格式 (Form)
[If ... Simple Past ..., ... would + verb ...]
[If + 一般过去时态, ... would + verb ...]
[... would + verb ... if ... Simple Past ...]
[… would + verb ... + if + 一般过去时态]
(2) 用法：
The Present Unreal Conditional is used to talk about what you would generally do in imaginary situations.
现在时态的虚拟条件句用来表达现在你想像中做的，条件是不真实的，是你想象的，假设的。
Examples:
If I owned a car, I would drive to work. But I don't own a car.
(如果我有车，我会开车去上班。但是我没有车)
条件：如果我有车
结果：我会开车去上班
真实性：虚拟。我没有车，有车这个条件是我假设的，虚拟的。
时态：一般现在，说明过去我一直这么想象，现在也这么想象，并且很可能将来也这么想象下去。
She would travel around the world if she had more money. But she doesn't have much money.
I would read more if I didn't watch so much TV.
Mary would move to Japan if she spoke Japanese.
If they worked harder, they would earn more money.
A: What would you do if you won the lottery
B: I would buy a house.
A: Where would you live if you moved to the U.S.
B: I would live in Seattle.
(3) 在虚拟条件句中，只可以用if，不可以用when